BELLWORKBELLWORK• Grab a handout from the front stool on “The

Importance of Moveable Type.” Then, answer the following questions:

1. Who was Johann Gutenberg? 2. Why were errors common in books that were

copied by hand?3. According to Chamberlin, what was Gutenberg’s

unique contribution to printing? 4. Why was metal better than wood for making type?5. How did printing increase the spread of ideas?

6. THINKER: As you know, Renaissance values were individualism and secularism. What would YOU consider to be American’s values in today’s society?

Renaissance Review…..Renaissance Review…..1. Where did the

Renaissance start? Why did it start here?

2. Why were Venice and Milan important?

3. Who was the Medici family?

4. Who were the famous Renaissance artists? Renaissance writers?

5. What do you think “separation of church and state” means?

Medieval & Medieval & Renaissance Renaissance

ArtArt

•What were the differences What were the differences between Medieval and between Medieval and

Renaissance Art?Renaissance Art?

Medieval ArtMedieval Art

• Artists depicted subjects in an unrealistic two dimensional style to indicate the importance of the soul over the body

Characteristics of Renaissance Characteristics of Renaissance ArtArt

• Three dimensional• Realistic• Lifelike• Influenced by

Greco-Roman culture

• Use of oil paint

“Baptism of Christ” (Da Vinci)

Enthroned Enthroned Madonna and Madonna and

Child , Child , 12801280

Giotto.Giotto. Madonna Madonna and Child and Child Enthroned Enthroned

with with SaintsSaints

The School of AthensThe School of Athens

The Alba MadonnaThe Alba Madonna

Italian Renaissance ArtistsItalian Renaissance Artists

• Leonardo Da Vinci

• Michelangelo• Raphael• Donatello

Leonardo Da VinciLeonardo Da Vinci

• Da Vinci was considered the “Renaissance Man”

• Was a painter, sculptor, inventor, and a scientist

(The Vitruvian Man, 1485)

Leonardo Da VinciLeonardo Da Vinci“The Last Supper”“The Last Supper”

Leonardo Leonardo Da VinciDa Vinci

“Mona “Mona Lisa”Lisa”

RaphaelRaphael“The School of Athens”“The School of Athens”

RaphaelRaphael“The Alba Madonna”“The Alba Madonna”

MichelangeloMichelangelo“The Sistine Chapel”“The Sistine Chapel”

MichelangeloMichelangelo“The Sistine Chapel”“The Sistine Chapel”

MichelangeloMichelangelo“David”“David”

MichelangeloMichelangelo“Pieta”“Pieta”

DonatelloDonatello bronze “David”bronze “David”

• First unsupported standing work in bronze during the Renaissance period

Renaissance WritersRenaissance Writers• Began to use the

vernacular (vernacular = the native language) instead of classical Latin

• Machiavelli, wrote “The Prince”– a handbook for behavior

• Make a prediction What were Renaissance authors writing about?

MachiavelliMachiavelli• Machiavelli was a

political philosopher • “The Prince” advised

kings how to rule• Within the

Machiavellian way of thinking, people questioned the corruption of the government & church

William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare• The best known

Renaissance writer was William Shakespeare

• Between 1590 and 1613 he wrote 37 plays that are still preformed around the world

The Printing RevolutionThe Printing Revolution• In 1456, Johann Gutenberg

printed the bible using movable metal type on a machine called a Printing Press

• Printed books became cheap and easier to produce

• Now, readers gained access to broad range of knowledge (Medicine to Religion)

• The printing press would greatly contribute to the Reformation of the church.

Renaissance ValuesRenaissance Values

• Within society, many of the citizens during the Renaissance shared a set of values or beliefs.

• Humanism• Individualism• Skepticism • Well-Roundedness• Secularism• Classicism

Values ReflectedValues Reflected• In buildings, writing, painting,

sculpture, and science.• Every aspect of their lives• Adapted from Greco-Roman culture• Many have been passed on to

modern Americans

Renaissance ValuesRenaissance Values• To understand these vales a little better, you are

going to be broken into six groups. • Each group is going to read about a Renaissance

value and create a poster.• Your poster must define the value and include

pictures, facts, information, and color.• You must also answer the question: “Why was this

value important to the Renaissance?”• Have fun with this! Be creative! • When everyone is finished, you will present the

posters and the class will take notes on each value. • Remember: you are teaching the class about this

value so it better make sense!

HumanismHumanism• Francesco Petrarch led early

development of Humanism• A belief that the human being is the

measure of all things.• People and their activities are

important and interesting• Life should be lived to the fullest

IndividualismIndividualism• To be one’s self and to think for

themselves was a good thing• Were ambitious for fame and wealth• Believed that humans could achieve

great things• Encouraged curiosity and adventure

SkeptismSkeptism• A questioning attitude• Seen as a good thing to:

– Try new things– Experiment– Shake up the system

Well-RoundednessWell-Roundedness• The ideal person was:

– Educated– Witty– Charming– Artistic

• Should be interested in many things and active in many fields

SecularismSecularism• Means worldliness or a belief in the

importance of this life on earth• Making money, traveling, and

making your home comfortable are secular activities

• Spirit of the Renaissance was more secular than religious

ClassicismClassicism• Interest in the classical age (ancient

Greeks and Romans)• During the classical age people were

also secular, individualistic, humanistic, and questioning

• People looked back to their roots for values