Bellwork: Standard• Get out your South

America Map (Need one? See Ms. J)

• Finish labeling 13 countries

• We will go over together

• Done with South America? Have you done your Unit One Title Page?

Bellwork, Honors• Homework out on desk,

ready to be checked ▫ South America Map▫ Unit One Title Page

• Bellwork Question: Choose one thing from Unit One that you’d like go review/relearn. Use index card.

Agenda, Honors

•Bellwork: HW Check, Unit One review

•Unit Two Overview•Notes: Layers of

the Earth•HW: Cartoon Strip

Agenda• Bellwork: Check Homework/Finish• Tutoring Roll Call• Notes: Layers of the Earth• HW: Color/Label Layers of the Earth

• Reminders: Map Quiz on South America next Wednesday, Unit 1 &2 Test (NINE WEEKS EXAM) on Oct 7th

Layers of the Earth•Inside of Earth made up of four layers:▫Crust▫Mantle▫Outer Core▫Inner Core

Layers of the Earth

Layers of the Earth• Crust:

▫Surface Layer▫Thinnest Layer▫Two types:

Continental Oceanic

▫The entire earth has oceanic crust but only land has continental AND oceanic

Layers of the Earth• Mantle:

▫ Layer of magma (molten rock)

▫ Magma has a slow circular pattern due to difference in heat Hotter closer to the

core Causes convection

pattern▫ Hot, 1600 degrees F at

top, 4000 degrees F near the core

Layers of the Earth• Outer Core:

▫Made of liquid nickel and iron

▫Temps range from 4000-9000 degrees F

▫When Earth rotates, liquid spins creating Earth’s magnetic field

• Inner Core:▫Solid nickel and iron▫More than 9000 degrees▫Center of Earth

Bellwork – Match the properties to the layer of the Earth (you will have multiple letters per layer)• 1. Inner Core

• 2. Outer Core

• 3. Mantle

• 4. Crust

• A. solid rock (granite, limestone)

• B. 1600-4000 degrees F• C. solid metal • D. continental and oceanic• E. molten rock• F. liquid iron and nickel• G. convection patterns• H. Innermost layer• I. Outermost layer• J. 4000-9000 degrees F

Agenda

•Bellwork: Review Layers of the Earth, Check HW

•Notes, Plate Tectonics•Video Clip, Plate Tectonics•HW: Arrows

Layers of the Earth

Layers of the Earth• Tectonic Plates:

Earth’s Crust is broken into very large sections called plates

• Convection patterns from mantle cause plates to move slowly (1cm a year)

• Movement causes “tectonic activity”

Layers of the Earth

•Types of Plate Movement:▫Convergent▫Divergent▫Transform

Layers of the Earth• Convergent Boundaries: Earth’s plates

move towards each other, converging (crashing) into each other

• Cause subduction zones (areas where a plate goes under another)

• Creates Mountains, Islands, Volcanoes

Layers of the Earth• Divergent Boundaries: Plates moving away

from each other, creating wide gaps in Earth’s continental crust

• Ex: Atlantic Ocean created this way • Creates “Rift Valleys”

Layers of the Earth

•Transform Boundaries:▫Plates move side by

side▫Cause earthquakes

Homework: Arrow ChartPlate Boundary Direction of

MovementResult

Bellwork – Match the property to the movement of boundaries. • 1. Convergent Boundary

• 2. Transform Boundary

• 3. Divergent Boundary

• A. Move apart• B. Move Side by Side• C. Move towards each

other• D. Where two plates meet• E. Causes Earthquakes• F. Causes Mountains• G. Causes Rift Valleys• H. Is causing the Atlantic

Ocean to widen• I. Caused Hawaii to form• J. California gets hit hard• K. Biggest on land is in

Africa

Agenda

•Bellwork: Review Plate Boundaries, Check HW

•Notes: Continental Drift, Fault Lines•Explore Earthquakes, Volcanoes, and

Tsunamis

•Reminder: Map Quiz on Wednesday, Unit ½ Test Oct 7th (FALL BREAK Oct 8th-12!)

Layers of the Earth• Continental Drift:

▫Theory that the continents used to all be one large continent, Pangea

▫As plates moved, continents spread apart

Layers of the Earth• Sudden releases of

Earth’s energy at the crust are called earthquakes

• Occur at Fault Lines• If an earthquake

occurs at the oceanic crust, causes a tsunami, or wave of water

• Memphis on the New Madrid Fault Line

Ring of Fire• Area around the

Pacific Plate with significant seismic activity

• 452 volcanoes• 75% of all the world’s

active volcanoes in this area

Volcanoes

•Video:• Volcanoes 101•Land of Fire and Ice

Earthquakes

•Measured with Magnitude system =▫Richter Scale

•Seismic Waves = waves of Earth’s energy

•Videos:▫Earthquake 101▫Inside Earthquakes

Tsunamis

•Tidal waves caused by underwater seismic activity in the ocean (earthquakes, volcanoes)

•Tsunami 101

•2004 Asian Tsunami

2004 Asian Tsunami•December 26, 2004•Earthquake off the

coast of Sumatra caused by subduction, 9.1M

•Waves up to 100 ft high•Hit hardest in

Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand

•Over 230,000 killed

Haiti Earthquake

•Interactive Website

•January 12, 2010•7.0M at epicenter•52 aftershocks•Est 230,000 died, 300,000 injured