belmont park redevelopment civic and land use … cover and toc_canda.pdf · empire state...

BELMONT PARK REDEVELOPMENT CIVIC AND LAND USE

IMPROVEMENT PROJECT

Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS)

Corrected and Amended

Project Location: The proposed development encompasses approximately 43 acres of

land located within Belmont Park in the unincorporated hamlet of

Elmont, Town of Hempstead, Nassau County, New York.

Lead Agency: NYS Urban Development Corporation

d/b/a

Empire State Development (ESD)

633 Third Avenue

New York, NY 10017

(212) 803-3100

Lead Agency Contact: Rachel Shatz, VP, Planning and Environmental Review

Applicant/Project

Sponsors:

New York Arena Partners, LLC and its affiliates

200 Park Avenue South, Suite 1610

New York, NY 10003

Preparers: AKRF, Inc.

440 Park Avenue South

New York, NY 10016

and

VHB

One Penn Plaza

Suite 715

New York, NY 10119

Environmental Counsel: Greenberg Traurig, LLP

MetLife Building

200 Park Avenue

New York, NY 10166

Acceptance Date: July 22, 2019

This FEIS is available for review on the Empire State Development website at

http://esd.ny.gov/belmont-park-redevelopment-project.

For questions and comments please contact [email protected].

http://esd.ny.gov/belmont-park-redevelopment-project

mailto:[email protected]

TOC-1 July 2019

Table of Contents

Foreword .................................................................................................................................... F-1

Executive Summary .................................................................................................................. S-1

1: Project Description ............................................................................................................... 1-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1-1 B. Background .................................................................................................................... 1-2

Planning History and Developer Request for Proposals (RFP) Process ............................ 1-3 C. Project Description and Purpose and Need .................................................................... 1-4

Project Sites ........................................................................................................................ 1-4 Other Directly Affected Areas ........................................................................................... 1-4 Project Description ............................................................................................................. 1-5

Arena .............................................................................................................................. 1-6 Retail, Dining, and Entertainment ................................................................................. 1-7 Hotel .............................................................................................................................. 1-7 Office ............................................................................................................................. 1-8 Community Space .......................................................................................................... 1-8 Open Space .................................................................................................................... 1-8 Parking and Circulation ................................................................................................. 1-9 Roadway Improvements .............................................................................................. 1-10 Project Visitation ......................................................................................................... 1-10 Project Management and Site Security ........................................................................ 1-10

Purpose and Need ............................................................................................................. 1-11 D. Required Actions and Environmental Review ............................................................. 1-13

ESD Discretionary Actions .............................................................................................. 1-13 Other Involved or Interested Agencies ............................................................................. 1-13 Environmental Setting ...................................................................................................... 1-14 Environmental Review Process ........................................................................................ 1-14

2: Land Use, Zoning, and Community Character ................................................................. 2-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 2-1

Principal Conclusions ......................................................................................................... 2-1 B. Methodology .................................................................................................................. 2-4 C. Existing Conditions ........................................................................................................ 2-5

Land Use ............................................................................................................................ 2-5 Belmont Park ................................................................................................................. 2-5 Project Sites and Other Directly Affected Areas ........................................................... 2-6 Study Areas .................................................................................................................... 2-7

Relevant Policies and Comprehensive Plans .................................................................... 2-12 2008 Elmont Community Vision Plan ......................................................................... 2-12

Belmont Park Redevelopment Civic and Land Use Improvement Project FEIS

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Nassau County Comprehensive Plans .......................................................................... 2-13 Zoning ............................................................................................................................... 2-18

Project Sites .................................................................................................................. 2-18 Study Areas .................................................................................................................. 2-23

Community Character ....................................................................................................... 2-26 D. Future Without the Proposed Actions .......................................................................... 2-27

Land Use ........................................................................................................................... 2-27 Belmont Park ................................................................................................................ 2-27 Project Sites and Other Directly Affected Areas .......................................................... 2-28 Study Areas .................................................................................................................. 2-28

Relevant Policies and Comprehensive Plans .................................................................... 2-30 Zoning ............................................................................................................................... 2-30

Project Sites’ Other Directly Affected Areas ............................................................... 2-30 Study Areas .................................................................................................................. 2-30

Community Character ....................................................................................................... 2-30 E. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions ................................................................... 2-31

Land Use ........................................................................................................................... 2-32 Project Sites and Other Directly Affected Areas .......................................................... 2-32 Study Areas .................................................................................................................. 2-34

Zoning ............................................................................................................................... 2-35 Project Sites .................................................................................................................. 2-35

Relevant Comprehensive Plans/Public Policies ............................................................... 2-42 Elmont Community Vision Plan .................................................................................. 2-42 Nassau County Comprehensive Plans .......................................................................... 2-42

Community Character ....................................................................................................... 2-43 Land Use and Zoning ................................................................................................... 2-45 Visual Resources .......................................................................................................... 2-46 Noise ............................................................................................................................ 2-47 Historic and Cultural Resources ................................................................................... 2-47 Socioeconomic Conditions ........................................................................................... 2-47 Transportation .............................................................................................................. 2-48

3: Community Facilities and Utilities ...................................................................................... 3-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 3-1

Principal Conclusions ......................................................................................................... 3-1 Police Protection ............................................................................................................ 3-1 Fire Protection and Ambulance/Emergency Medical Services ...................................... 3-2 Solid Waste Management ............................................................................................... 3-3 Water Supply .................................................................................................................. 3-3 Sewage Disposal ............................................................................................................ 3-4 Electrical Service ............................................................................................................ 3-4 Natural Gas Service ........................................................................................................ 3-4 Other Community Facilities ........................................................................................... 3-5

B. Methodology .................................................................................................................. 3-5 C. Existing Conditions ........................................................................................................ 3-7

Police Protection and Security ............................................................................................ 3-7 Fire Protection and Ambulance/Emergency Medical Services .......................................... 3-8 Solid Waste Management ................................................................................................. 3-10

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Water Supply .................................................................................................................... 3-11 Sewage Disposal .............................................................................................................. 3-13 Electrical Service .............................................................................................................. 3-13 Natural Gas Service .......................................................................................................... 3-14

D. Future Without the Proposed Actions .......................................................................... 3-14 Police Protection .............................................................................................................. 3-14 Fire Protection and Emergency Medical Services ............................................................ 3-14 Solid Waste Management ................................................................................................. 3-14 Water Supply .................................................................................................................... 3-15 Sewage Disposal .............................................................................................................. 3-15 Electrical Service .............................................................................................................. 3-15 Natural Gas Service .......................................................................................................... 3-15

E. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions .................................................................. 3-15 Police Protection .............................................................................................................. 3-15 Fire Protection and Emergency Medical Services ............................................................ 3-18

Arena ............................................................................................................................ 3-19 Hotel/Office ................................................................................................................. 3-19 Retail ............................................................................................................................ 3-19 Other Directly Affected Areas ..................................................................................... 3-20

Water Supply .................................................................................................................... 3-20 Sewage Disposal .............................................................................................................. 3-23 Solid Waste ...................................................................................................................... 3-23 Electrical Service .............................................................................................................. 3-25 Natural Gas Service .......................................................................................................... 3-27

4: Open Space and Recreational Resources ........................................................................... 4-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 4-1

Direct Effects: .................................................................................................................... 4-1 Indirect Effects: .................................................................................................................. 4-1 Principal Conclusions ......................................................................................................... 4-2

Direct Effects ................................................................................................................. 4-2 Indirect Effects ............................................................................................................... 4-2

B. Methodology .................................................................................................................. 4-3 Analysis Approach ............................................................................................................. 4-3 Study Areas ........................................................................................................................ 4-3 Data Sources ....................................................................................................................... 4-3 Impact Assessment ............................................................................................................. 4-4

C. Existing Conditions ........................................................................................................ 4-4 Primary (1/2-Mile) Study Area .......................................................................................... 4-4

Belmont Park ................................................................................................................. 4-4 Open Space and Recreational Resources Outside of Belmont Park .............................. 4-7

Secondary (1-Mile) Study Area ......................................................................................... 4-8 D. Future Without the Proposed Actions .......................................................................... 4-10

½-Mile Primary Study Area ............................................................................................. 4-10 Belmont Park ............................................................................................................... 4-10 Open Space and Recreational Resources Outside of Belmont Park ............................ 4-10

1-Mile Secondary Study Area .......................................................................................... 4-10 E. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions .................................................................. 4-10


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½-Mile Primary Study Area ............................................................................................. 4-11 Direct Effects................................................................................................................ 4-11 Indirect Effects ............................................................................................................. 4-12

1-Mile Secondary Study Area .......................................................................................... 4-13 Direct Effects................................................................................................................ 4-13 Indirect Effects ............................................................................................................. 4-13

Impact Assessment ........................................................................................................... 4-13 ½-Mile Primary Study Area ......................................................................................... 4-13 1-Mile Secondary Study Area ...................................................................................... 4-15

5: Historic and Cultural Resources ......................................................................................... 5-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 5-1

Principal Conclusions ......................................................................................................... 5-1 B. Methodology .................................................................................................................. 5-1

State Historic Preservation Act—Section 14.09 ................................................................. 5-2 Identification of the Project Impact Area ........................................................................... 5-2 Identification of Historic and Cultural Resources .............................................................. 5-3

Archaeological Resources .............................................................................................. 5-3 Architectural Resources ................................................................................................. 5-3

C. Historic Overview .......................................................................................................... 5-3 D. Existing Conditions ........................................................................................................ 5-4

Architectural Resources ...................................................................................................... 5-4 Project Sites .................................................................................................................... 5-4 Other Directly Affected Areas ....................................................................................... 5-5 Study Area ...................................................................................................................... 5-5

E. Future Without the Proposed Actions ............................................................................ 5-6 Architectural Resources ...................................................................................................... 5-6

Project Sites .................................................................................................................... 5-6 Other Directly Affected Areas ....................................................................................... 5-6 Study Area ...................................................................................................................... 5-6

F. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions ..................................................................... 5-7 Architectural Resources ...................................................................................................... 5-7

Project Sites .................................................................................................................... 5-7 Other Directly Affected Areas ....................................................................................... 5-7 Study Area ...................................................................................................................... 5-7

6: Visual Resources ................................................................................................................... 6-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 6-1


Project Sites ........................................................................................................................ 6-4 Site A .............................................................................................................................. 6-4 Site B .............................................................................................................................. 6-5

Other Directly Affected Areas ............................................................................................ 6-5 Study Area .......................................................................................................................... 6-6

Belmont Park .................................................................................................................. 6-6 Elmont ............................................................................................................................ 6-7

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Queens Village, Bellerose Manor and Cambria Heights ............................................... 6-8 Bellerose Terrace and Bellerose .................................................................................. 6-10 Floral Park and South Floral Park ................................................................................ 6-10

Inventory of Resources ..................................................................................................... 6-11 State/National Register of Historic Places ................................................................... 6-11 New York State Parks .................................................................................................. 6-11 Heritage Areas ............................................................................................................. 6-11 New York State Forest Preserve .................................................................................. 6-12 National Wildlife Refuges ........................................................................................... 6-12 State Game Refuges and State Wildlife Management Areas ....................................... 6-12 National Natural Landmarks ........................................................................................ 6-12 National Park System Recreation Areas, Seashores, Forests ....................................... 6-12 Rivers Designated As National or State Wild, Scenic, or Recreational ....................... 6-12 Sites, Areas, Lakes, Reservoirs, or Highways Designated or Eligible for Designation As Scenic ........................................................................................... 6-12 Scenic Areas of Statewide Significance ...................................................................... 6-13 State or Federally Designated Trails ............................................................................ 6-13 State Nature and Historic Preservation Areas .............................................................. 6-13 Palisades Park .............................................................................................................. 6-13 Bond Act Properties Purchased Under Exceptional Scenic Beauty or Open Space Category ....................................................................................................................... 6-13 Locally Significant Resources ..................................................................................... 6-13

Summary of Inventory of Locally Sensitive Receptors ................................................... 6-14 Elmont .......................................................................................................................... 6-14 Queens Village, Bellerose Manor and Cambria Heights ............................................. 6-15 Bellerose Terrace and Bellerose .................................................................................. 6-16 Floral Park.................................................................................................................... 6-17

D. Future Without the Proposed Actions ......................................................................... 6-18 Project Sites and Other Directly Affected Areas .............................................................. 6-18 Study Area ........................................................................................................................ 6-18

E. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions .................................................................. 6-19 Project Sites ...................................................................................................................... 6-19

Site A ........................................................................................................................... 6-19 Site B ........................................................................................................................... 6-20

Other Directly Affected Areas ......................................................................................... 6-20 North, South, and East Lots ......................................................................................... 6-20 Electrical Substation .................................................................................................... 6-20

Study Area ........................................................................................................................ 6-21 Elmont .......................................................................................................................... 6-21 Queens Village, Bellerose Manor, and Cambria Heights ............................................ 6-22 Bellerose and Bellerose Terrace .................................................................................. 6-23 Floral Park.................................................................................................................... 6-23

Assessment of Proposed Lighting Schemes ..................................................................... 6-25 Site A – Proposed Arena Area ..................................................................................... 6-25 Site A – Hotel/Experiential Retail Area ....................................................................... 6-26 Site B – Eastern Portion ............................................................................................... 6-26 Site B – Retail Village ................................................................................................. 6-27 Surface Parking Lots .................................................................................................... 6-28


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Roadways ..................................................................................................................... 6-28 Pedestrian Bridge ......................................................................................................... 6-29

F. Minimization and Mitigation of Impacts ...................................................................... 6-29

7: Socioeconomic Conditions .................................................................................................... 7-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 7-1

Principal Conclusions ......................................................................................................... 7-1 Economic Benefits ......................................................................................................... 7-1 Potential Adverse Effects On Socioeconomic Conditions ............................................. 7-2

B. Methodology .................................................................................................................. 7-6 C. Data Sources ................................................................................................................... 7-6 D. Study Area ...................................................................................................................... 7-7 E. Study Area Demographic, Housing, and Labor Force Characteristics........................... 7-8

Population ........................................................................................................................... 7-8 Households and Average Household Size .......................................................................... 7-8 Income and Poverty ............................................................................................................ 7-9 Educational Attainment .................................................................................................... 7-10 Housing ............................................................................................................................. 7-11 Home Values and Rent ..................................................................................................... 7-11 Labor Force ....................................................................................................................... 7-12 Employment By Sector ..................................................................................................... 7-13 Unemployment ................................................................................................................. 7-13

F. Economic Benefits ....................................................................................................... 7-15 Job Creation ...................................................................................................................... 7-15 Economic Synergies ......................................................................................................... 7-16

G. Assessment of Potential Adverse Impacts .................................................................... 7-16 Direct Business Displacement .......................................................................................... 7-16 Indirect Residential Displacement .................................................................................... 7-17

Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 7-18 Indirect Business Displacement ........................................................................................ 7-19

Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 7-21 H. Detailed Analysis of Indirect Business Displacement Due to Potential Competitive Effects .. 7-21

Delineation of Primary Trade Areas ................................................................................. 7-22 Local Retail: Dining and Entertainment ....................................................................... 7-22 Luxury Outlet Retail ..................................................................................................... 7-22 Arenas and Entertainment Venues ............................................................................... 7-23 Hotels ........................................................................................................................... 7-23

Demographic Factors Affecting Market Potential in Primary Trade Areas ..................... 7-23 Local Retail: Dining and Entertainment ....................................................................... 7-23 Luxury Outlet Retail and Arenas and Entertainment Venues ...................................... 7-24 Hotels ........................................................................................................................... 7-25

Existing Business Conditions in the Primary Trade Areas ............................................... 7-25 Local Retail – Dining and Entertainment ..................................................................... 7-26 Luxury Outlet Retail ..................................................................................................... 7-28 Arenas and Entertainment Venues ............................................................................... 7-29 Hotels ........................................................................................................................... 7-31

Future Without the Proposed Project ............................................................................... 7-32 Local Retail: Dining and Entertainment ....................................................................... 7-32

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Luxury Outlet Retail .................................................................................................... 7-32 Arenas and Entertainment Venues ............................................................................... 7-33 Hotels ........................................................................................................................... 7-34

Future With the Proposed Project ................................................................................... 7-35 Local Retail: Dining and Entertainment ...................................................................... 7-35 Luxury Outlet Retail .................................................................................................... 7-36 Arenas and Entertainment Venues ............................................................................... 7-36 Hotels ........................................................................................................................... 7-37

Conclusions ...................................................................................................................... 7-37

8: Hazardous Materials ............................................................................................................ 8-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 8-1


Subsurface Conditions ........................................................................................................ 8-1 Phase I Environmental Site Assessments (ESAs) .............................................................. 8-2 Subsurface Investigation .................................................................................................... 8-3

D. Future Without the Proposed Actions ............................................................................ 8-3 E. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions .................................................................... 8-3

9: Water Resources ................................................................................................................... 9-1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 9-1 Principal Conclusions ......................................................................................................... 9-1

A. Methodology .................................................................................................................. 9-2 B. Existing Conditions ........................................................................................................ 9-3

Groundwater Resources ..................................................................................................... 9-3 Long Island Comprehensive Waste Treatment Management Plan (208 Study) ............ 9-5 Long Island Comprehensive Special Groundwater Protection Area Plan (SGPA Plan) .... 9-5

Surface Waters and Wetlands ............................................................................................. 9-6 Stormwater ......................................................................................................................... 9-7

Stormwater Runoff ........................................................................................................ 9-7 Existing Stormwater Infrastructure Characteristics ....................................................... 9-8 New York State Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (SPDES) Program .............. 9-8

C. Future Without the Proposed Actions ............................................................................ 9-9 D. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions .................................................................. 9-10

Groundwater Resources ................................................................................................... 9-10 Long Island Comprehensive Waste Treatment Management Plan (208 Study) .......... 9-11

Surface Waters and Wetlands ........................................................................................... 9-11 Stormwater ....................................................................................................................... 9-11 Stormwater Runoff Infrastructure and Management ........................................................ 9-12

New York State Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (SPDES) Program ............ 9-14

10: Natural Resources ............................................................................................................. 10-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 10-1

Principal Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 10-1 B. Methodology ................................................................................................................ 10-2

Study Area ........................................................................................................................ 10-2


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Regulatory Context ........................................................................................................... 10-3 Federal .......................................................................................................................... 10-3 New York State ............................................................................................................ 10-3

C. Existing Conditions ...................................................................................................... 10-4 Vegetation and Ecological Communities ......................................................................... 10-4 Wildlife ............................................................................................................................. 10-5

Birds ............................................................................................................................. 10-5 Reptiles and Amphibians ............................................................................................. 10-6 Mammals ...................................................................................................................... 10-6 Aquatic Biota................................................................................................................ 10-6

Threatened, Endangered, and Special Concern Species and Significant Natural Communities 10-6 Northern Long-Eared Bat ............................................................................................. 10-7 Piping Plover ................................................................................................................ 10-7 Red Knot ...................................................................................................................... 10-8 Roseate Tern ................................................................................................................. 10-8 Sandplain Gerardia ....................................................................................................... 10-8 Seabeach Amaranth ...................................................................................................... 10-8 Willow Oak .................................................................................................................. 10-9

D. Future Without the Proposed Actions ......................................................................... 10-9 E. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions ................................................................... 10-9

Vegetation and Ecological Communities ......................................................................... 10-9 Wildlife ........................................................................................................................... 10-10

Bird Collisions............................................................................................................ 10-10 Threatened, Endangered, and Special Concern Species and Significant Natural Communities . 10-12

F. References .................................................................................................................. 10-12

11: Transportation .................................................................................................................. 11-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 11-1

Principal Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 11-1 Local Street Network ................................................................................................... 11-1 Highway Network ........................................................................................................ 11-2 LIRR Service ................................................................................................................ 11-2 Bus Service ................................................................................................................... 11-2 Parking ......................................................................................................................... 11-2 Pedestrian Circulation .................................................................................................. 11-3 Vehicular and Pedestrian Safety................................................................................... 11-3

B. Methodology ................................................................................................................ 11-3 Travel Demand Analysis .................................................................................................. 11-3

Trip Generation ............................................................................................................ 11-3 Analysis Periods ........................................................................................................... 11-7 Trip Distribution and Assignment .............................................................................. 11-10

Detailed Analysis Methodologies ................................................................................... 11-11 Local Street Network ................................................................................................. 11-11 Highway Network ...................................................................................................... 11-14 LIRR Service .............................................................................................................. 11-15 Bus Service ................................................................................................................. 11-16 Parking ....................................................................................................................... 11-16 Pedestrian Circulation ................................................................................................ 11-16

Table of Contents

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Vehicular and Pedestrian Safety ................................................................................ 11-16 C. Existing Conditions .................................................................................................... 11-17

Local Street Network ..................................................................................................... 11-17 Hempstead Turnpike .................................................................................................. 11-17 Plainfield Avenue ...................................................................................................... 11-18 Jericho Turnpike ........................................................................................................ 11-18 Elmont Road .............................................................................................................. 11-18 Jamaica Avenue ......................................................................................................... 11-18 Hempstead Avenue .................................................................................................... 11-18

Traffic Volumes ............................................................................................................. 11-18 Hempstead Turnpike .................................................................................................. 11-19 Plainfield Avenue ...................................................................................................... 11-19 Jericho Turnpike ........................................................................................................ 11-20 Elmont Road .............................................................................................................. 11-20 Jamaica Avenue ......................................................................................................... 11-20 Hempstead Avenue .................................................................................................... 11-20

Levels of Service ............................................................................................................ 11-21 Highway Network .......................................................................................................... 11-26

Traffic Volumes ......................................................................................................... 11-27 Levels of Service ....................................................................................................... 11-28

LIRR Service .................................................................................................................. 11-32 Bus Service ..................................................................................................................... 11-32

Nice Bus Routes ......................................................................................................... 11-33 MTA Bus Routes ....................................................................................................... 11-33

Parking ........................................................................................................................... 11-34 Pedestrian Circulation .................................................................................................... 11-35 Vehicular and Pedestrian Safety ..................................................................................... 11-35

Nassau County ........................................................................................................... 11-35 Queens ....................................................................................................................... 11-40

D. Future Without the Proposed Actions ........................................................................ 11-41 Local Street Network ..................................................................................................... 11-43

Traffic Volumes ......................................................................................................... 11-43 Levels of Service ....................................................................................................... 11-44

Highway Network .......................................................................................................... 11-49 Traffic Volumes ......................................................................................................... 11-49 Levels of Service ....................................................................................................... 11-50

LIRR Service .................................................................................................................. 11-54 Bus Service ..................................................................................................................... 11-54 Parking ........................................................................................................................... 11-54 Pedestrian Circulation .................................................................................................... 11-54 Vehicular and Pedestrian Safety ..................................................................................... 11-55

Nassau County ........................................................................................................... 11-55 Queens ....................................................................................................................... 11-55

E. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions ................................................................ 11-55 Proposed Site Plan .......................................................................................................... 11-55

Site Access and Egress .............................................................................................. 11-55 Internal Site Roadways .............................................................................................. 11-56 Parking Facilities ....................................................................................................... 11-57


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Taxi/Rideshare Drop-Off and Pick-Up Locations ...................................................... 11-58 Bus Stops .................................................................................................................... 11-58

Local Street Network ...................................................................................................... 11-59 Trip Assignment ......................................................................................................... 11-59 Traffic Diverted By Network Changes ...................................................................... 11-62 Traffic Volumes ......................................................................................................... 11-63 Levels of Service ........................................................................................................ 11-64 Potential for Traffic Diversions to Local Streets ........................................................ 11-71 Effect On Emergency Vehicle Response Times ........................................................ 11-72

Highway Network ........................................................................................................... 11-72 Traffic Volumes ......................................................................................................... 11-72 Levels of Service ........................................................................................................ 11-73

LIRR Service .................................................................................................................. 11-82 Bus Service ..................................................................................................................... 11-83 Parking ............................................................................................................................ 11-84

Potential for Parking in Residential Neighborhoods .................................................. 11-91 Pedestrian Circulation ..................................................................................................... 11-91 Vehicular and Pedestrian Safety ..................................................................................... 11-92

Nassau County ........................................................................................................... 11-92 Queens ........................................................................................................................ 11-93

12: Air Quality ......................................................................................................................... 12-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 12-1

Principal Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 12-2 B. Criteria Pollutants ......................................................................................................... 12-2

Carbon Monoxide ............................................................................................................. 12-2 Nitrogen Oxides, VOCs, and Ozone ................................................................................. 12-3 Lead .................................................................................................................................. 12-3 Respirable Particulate Matter—PM10 and PM2.5............................................................... 12-3 Sulfur Dioxide .................................................................................................................. 12-4

C. Air Quality Regulations, Standards, and Benchmarks ................................................. 12-4 National and State Air Quality Standards ......................................................................... 12-4 NAAQS Attainment Status and State Implementation Plans ........................................... 12-5 Determining the Significance of Air Quality Impacts ...................................................... 12-6

PM2.5 De Minimis Criteria ........................................................................................... 12-7 D. Methodology for Predicting Pollutant Concentrations ................................................. 12-7

Mobile Source Air Quality Screening Analysis ............................................................... 12-7 Co Screening Criteria ................................................................................................... 12-8 Parking Analysis .......................................................................................................... 12-9

Stationary Sources .......................................................................................................... 12-10 Heating and Hot Water Systems ................................................................................ 12-10

E. Existing Conditions .................................................................................................... 12-14 F. Future Without the Proposed Actions ........................................................................ 12-15 G. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions ................................................................. 12-15

Mobile Source Air Quality Screening Results ................................................................ 12-15 Los Screening Analysis .............................................................................................. 12-15 Local Street Network ................................................................................................. 12-15 Capture Criteria Screening Analysis .......................................................................... 12-16

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Local Street Network ................................................................................................. 12-16 Highway Segment ...................................................................................................... 12-16 Volume Threshold Screening .................................................................................... 12-16 Parking Analysis ........................................................................................................ 12-17

Stationary Sources .......................................................................................................... 12-17 Heating and Hot Water Systems ................................................................................ 12-17

13: Noise ................................................................................................................................... 13-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 13-1

Principal Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 13-1 B. Noise Fundamentals ..................................................................................................... 13-1

General Effects ................................................................................................................. 13-1 A-Weighted Sound Level ................................................................................................. 13-2 Effects of Distance On Noise ........................................................................................... 13-3 Community Response to Changes in Noise Levels .......................................................... 13-3 Noise Descriptors Used in Impact Assessment ................................................................ 13-3

C. Noise Standards and Criteria ....................................................................................... 13-4 Town of Hempstead, New York ....................................................................................... 13-4 Village of Floral Park, New York .................................................................................... 13-4 New York State Department of Environmental Conservation ......................................... 13-5

Project Impact Criteria ................................................................................................. 13-5 D. Noise Prediction Methodology .................................................................................... 13-6

General Methodology ....................................................................................................... 13-6 Mobile Source Noise Methodology ................................................................................. 13-7 FTA Parking Lot and Parking Garage Methodology ....................................................... 13-7 Mobile Source Noise Methodology – Roadways Within Belmont Park .......................... 13-8 Arena Noise Methodology ............................................................................................... 13-9 Electrical Substation Methodology .................................................................................. 13-9

E. Existing Conditions .................................................................................................... 13-10 Site Description .............................................................................................................. 13-10 Selection of Noise Receptor Locations .......................................................................... 13-10 Measured Noise Levels .................................................................................................. 13-11 Methodology for Noise Monitoring ............................................................................... 13-11

F. Future Without the Proposed Actions ........................................................................ 13-13 G. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions ................................................................ 13-14

14: Climate Change................................................................................................................. 14-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 14-1

Principal Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 14-2 B. Greenhouse Gas Emissions .......................................................................................... 14-2

Pollutants of Concern ....................................................................................................... 14-2 Policy, Regulations, Standards, and Benchmarks for Reducing GHG Emissions ........... 14-4 Methodology .................................................................................................................... 14-6

Building Operational Emissions .................................................................................. 14-7 Mobile Source Emissions ............................................................................................ 14-7 Construction Emissions ............................................................................................... 14-8 Emissions from Solid Waste Management .................................................................. 14-8

Projected GHG Emissions ................................................................................................ 14-9


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Operational Emissions .................................................................................................. 14-9 Elements That Would Reduce GHG Emissions ............................................................. 14-10

Decrease Community Energy Use ............................................................................. 14-10 Increase Community Use of Renewable Energy ........................................................ 14-11 Realize Benefits of Recycling and Other Climate-Smart Solid Waste Management . 14-12

C. Resilience of the Proposed Project to Climate Change .............................................. 14-12

15: Construction ...................................................................................................................... 15-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 15-1

Principal Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 15-2 Transportation .............................................................................................................. 15-2 Air Quality ................................................................................................................... 15-2 Noise and Vibration ..................................................................................................... 15-3 Natural Resources ........................................................................................................ 15-4

B. Measures to Minimize Community Impacts ................................................................ 15-4 1. Communication With Community................................................................................ 15-5 2. Community Safety and Quality of Life ........................................................................ 15-5 3. Environmental Performance ......................................................................................... 15-5

C. Construction Description .............................................................................................. 15-6 Construction Schedule ...................................................................................................... 15-6 General Construction Practices ......................................................................................... 15-7

Hours of Work .............................................................................................................. 15-7 Access and Staging Areas ............................................................................................ 15-7 Race Season and Belmont Stakes ................................................................................. 15-9 Public Safety ................................................................................................................ 15-9 Rodent Control ............................................................................................................. 15-9

Description of Construction Activities ........................................................................... 15-10 Site A –Arena, Office, Community Space, and Plaza Construction (Approximately 26 Months) ....................................................................................... 15-10 Site A - Building Construction – Hotel and Parking Structure (Approximately 18 Months) ..................................................................................... 15-12 Site B (Approximately 24 Months) ............................................................................ 15-12 North Lot, South Lot, and East Lot (Approximately 6, 4, and 5 Months, Respectively) .. 15-13 Belmont Electrical Substation (Approximately 15 Months) ...................................... 15-13 LIRR Switches Upgrade/Improvements .................................................................... 15-14 Water and Gas Main Activities .................................................................................. 15-14 Roadway Improvements ............................................................................................. 15-14

D. Future Without the Proposed Actions ........................................................................ 15-15 E. Potential Impacts from Construction of the Proposed Actions .................................. 15-15

Land Use and Community Character .............................................................................. 15-16 Socioeconomic Conditions ............................................................................................. 15-16 Visual Resources ............................................................................................................ 15-17 Historic and Archaeological Resources .......................................................................... 15-17 Natural Resources ........................................................................................................... 15-18

Vegetation and Ecological Communities ................................................................... 15-18 Wildlife ...................................................................................................................... 15-18 Threatened, Endangered, and Special Concern Species and Significant Natural Communities .............................................................................................................. 15-19

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Hazardous and Contaminated Materials ......................................................................... 15-19 Transportation ................................................................................................................ 15-20

Traffic ........................................................................................................................ 15-20 Pedestrian Circulation ................................................................................................ 15-25 Transit ........................................................................................................................ 15-25 Parking ....................................................................................................................... 15-25

Air Quality...................................................................................................................... 15-27 On-Site Construction Activities ................................................................................. 15-28 On-Road Sources ....................................................................................................... 15-28 Emissions Control Measures...................................................................................... 15-28

Noise and Vibration ....................................................................................................... 15-29 Noise .......................................................................................................................... 15-29 Vibration .................................................................................................................... 15-39

Safety and Security ......................................................................................................... 15-41

16: Alternatives ....................................................................................................................... 16-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 16-1

Principal Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 16-2 No Action Alternative .................................................................................................. 16-2 No Unmitigated Impact Alternative ............................................................................. 16-2 No Arena Alternative ................................................................................................... 16-3 No Retail Village Alternative ...................................................................................... 16-3 Alternate Site Plan Alternative .................................................................................... 16-4

B. No Action Alternative .................................................................................................. 16-5 Land Use, Zoning, and Community Character ................................................................. 16-6 Community Facilities and Utilities................................................................................... 16-6 Open Space and Recreational Resources ......................................................................... 16-7 Historic and Cultural Resources ....................................................................................... 16-7 Visual Resources .............................................................................................................. 16-8 Socioeconomic Conditions ............................................................................................... 16-8 Hazardous Materials ......................................................................................................... 16-8 Water Resources ............................................................................................................... 16-8 Natural Resources ............................................................................................................ 16-8 Transportation .................................................................................................................. 16-9

Traffic .......................................................................................................................... 16-9 LIRR Service ............................................................................................................. 16-11 Bus Service ................................................................................................................ 16-11 Parking ....................................................................................................................... 16-11 Pedestrian Circulation ................................................................................................ 16-11

Air Quality...................................................................................................................... 16-11 Noise .............................................................................................................................. 16-11 Climate Change .............................................................................................................. 16-12 Construction ................................................................................................................... 16-12 Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 16-12

C. No Unmitigated Impact Alternative ........................................................................... 16-12 Traffic ............................................................................................................................. 16-13 Construction Noise ......................................................................................................... 16-13 Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 16-13


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D. No Arena Alternative ................................................................................................. 16-14 Land Use, Zoning and Community Character ................................................................ 16-14 Community Facilities and Utilities ................................................................................. 16-15 Open Space and Recreational Resources ........................................................................ 16-16 Historic and Cultural Resources ..................................................................................... 16-17 Visual Resources ............................................................................................................ 16-18 Socioeconomic Conditions ............................................................................................. 16-19 Hazardous Materials ....................................................................................................... 16-20 Water Resources ............................................................................................................. 16-20 Natural Resources ........................................................................................................... 16-21 Transportation ................................................................................................................. 16-21

Traffic ......................................................................................................................... 16-22 LIRR Service .............................................................................................................. 16-27 Bus Service ................................................................................................................. 16-27 Parking ....................................................................................................................... 16-27 Pedestrian Circulation ................................................................................................ 16-27

Air Quality ...................................................................................................................... 16-28 Noise ............................................................................................................................... 16-28 Climate Change .............................................................................................................. 16-28 Construction .................................................................................................................... 16-29 Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 16-36

E. No Retail Village Alternative ..................................................................................... 16-37 Land Use, Zoning and Community Character ................................................................ 16-37 Community Facilities and Utilities ................................................................................. 16-38 Open Space and Recreational Resources ........................................................................ 16-40

Direct Effects.............................................................................................................. 16-40 Historic and Cultural Resources ..................................................................................... 16-41 Visual Resources ............................................................................................................ 16-41 Socioeconomic Conditions ............................................................................................. 16-43 Hazardous Materials ....................................................................................................... 16-44 Water Resources ............................................................................................................. 16-44 Natural Resources ........................................................................................................... 16-45 Transportation ................................................................................................................. 16-45

Traffic ......................................................................................................................... 16-46 LIRR Service .............................................................................................................. 16-51 Bus Service ................................................................................................................. 16-51 Parking ....................................................................................................................... 16-51

Pedestrian Circulation ..................................................................................................... 16-52 Air Quality ...................................................................................................................... 16-52 Noise ............................................................................................................................... 16-52 Climate Change .............................................................................................................. 16-53 Construction .................................................................................................................... 16-53 Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 16-60

F. Alternate Site Plan Alternative ................................................................................... 16-61 Land Use, Zoning and Community Character ................................................................ 16-62 Community Facilities and Utilities ................................................................................. 16-63 Open Space and Recreational Resources ........................................................................ 16-64

Direct Effects.............................................................................................................. 16-64

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Indirect Effects ........................................................................................................... 16-65 Historic and Cultural Resources ..................................................................................... 16-65 Visual Resources ............................................................................................................ 16-66 Socioeconomic Conditions ............................................................................................. 16-68 Hazardous Materials ....................................................................................................... 16-68 Water Resources ............................................................................................................. 16-69 Natural Resources .......................................................................................................... 16-69 Transportation ................................................................................................................ 16-70

Local Street Network ................................................................................................. 16-70 Highway Network ...................................................................................................... 16-70 LIRR Service ............................................................................................................. 16-71 Bus Service ................................................................................................................ 16-71 Parking ....................................................................................................................... 16-71 Pedestrian Circulation ................................................................................................ 16-71

Air Quality...................................................................................................................... 16-71 Noise .............................................................................................................................. 16-72 Climate Change .............................................................................................................. 16-72 Construction ................................................................................................................... 16-73 Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 16-81

17: Mitigation .......................................................................................................................... 17-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 17-1

Principal Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 17-1 Transportation .............................................................................................................. 17-1 Construction ................................................................................................................. 17-6 Effect of New LIRR Elmont Station On Other Analysis Areas .................................. 17-7

B. Transportation .............................................................................................................. 17-7 Proposed Traffic Mitigation Measures ............................................................................. 17-7

New LIRR Elmont Station ........................................................................................... 17-7 Transportation Management Plan (TMP) .................................................................. 17-10 Traffic Engineering and Operational Improvements ................................................. 17-16

Travel Demand Analysis ................................................................................................ 17-16 Traffic ............................................................................................................................. 17-19

Local Street Network ................................................................................................. 17-19 Highway Network ...................................................................................................... 17-24

LIRR Service .................................................................................................................. 17-28 Bus Service ..................................................................................................................... 17-30 Parking ........................................................................................................................... 17-31 Interim Conditions .......................................................................................................... 17-33

Traffic ........................................................................................................................ 17-34 LIRR Service ............................................................................................................. 17-35 Bus Service ................................................................................................................ 17-36 Parking ....................................................................................................................... 17-36

C. Construction ............................................................................................................... 17-36 Transportation ................................................................................................................ 17-36

Traffic ........................................................................................................................ 17-36 Noise .............................................................................................................................. 17-37

D. Effect of New LIRR Elmont Station On Other Analysis Areas ................................ 17-38


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Land Use, Zoning, and Community Character ............................................................... 17-38 Community Facilities and Utilities ................................................................................. 17-39 Open Space and Recreational Resources ........................................................................ 17-39 Historic and Cultural Resources ..................................................................................... 17-39 Visual Resources ............................................................................................................ 17-40 Socioeconomic Conditions ............................................................................................. 17-42 Hazardous Materials ....................................................................................................... 17-42 Natural Resources ........................................................................................................... 17-43 Air Quality ...................................................................................................................... 17-43 Noise ............................................................................................................................... 17-44 Climate Change .............................................................................................................. 17-44 Construction .................................................................................................................... 17-44

Transportation ............................................................................................................ 17-44 Noise .......................................................................................................................... 17-44

18: Unavoidable Adverse Impacts ......................................................................................... 18-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 18-1 B. Transportation .............................................................................................................. 18-1

Local Street Network ........................................................................................................ 18-1 Highway Network ............................................................................................................. 18-2

C. Construction Noise ....................................................................................................... 18-3

19: Irreversible and Irretrievable Resources ........................................................................ 19-1

20: Growth-Inducing Aspects ................................................................................................. 20-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 20-1

Principal Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 20-1 B. Methodology ................................................................................................................ 20-1 C. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions ................................................................... 20-2

21: Cumulative Impacts .......................................................................................................... 21-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 21-1

Principal Conclusions ....................................................................................................... 21-1 B. Methodology ................................................................................................................ 21-1 C. Potential Impacts of the Proposed Actions ................................................................... 21-2

22: Response to Public Comments ......................................................................................... 22-1 A. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 22-1 B. Comments and Responses ............................................................................................ 22-1

Project Description ........................................................................................................... 22-1 Public Review Process ................................................................................................. 22-1 Purpose and Need ....................................................................................................... 22-13 Community Benefits .................................................................................................. 22-17 Proposed Project Scale ............................................................................................... 22-19 Proposed Hotel ........................................................................................................... 22-27 Proposed Retail .......................................................................................................... 22-28 Proposed Community Space ...................................................................................... 22-33 Proposed Arena .......................................................................................................... 22-34

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Site Management, Safety, and Security ..................................................................... 22-35 Proposed Entrances, Exits, Parking and Circulation .................................................. 22-39 Parking Lots/Other Directly Affected Areas ............................................................. 22-42 Pilot/Developer and Business Taxes/Payments/Costs ............................................... 22-45 Analysis Framework .................................................................................................. 22-49

Land Use, Zoning, and Community Character ............................................................... 22-58 Land Use .................................................................................................................... 22-58 Relevant Policies and Comprehensive Plans ............................................................. 22-60 Zoning ........................................................................................................................ 22-64 Community Character ................................................................................................ 22-68 Other .......................................................................................................................... 22-76

Community Facilities and Utilities................................................................................. 22-77 General ....................................................................................................................... 22-77 Police Protection and Security ................................................................................... 22-80 Fire Protection and Ambulance/Emergency Medical Services .................................. 22-86 Solid Waste Management .......................................................................................... 22-89 Water Supply ............................................................................................................. 22-90 Sewage Disposal ........................................................................................................ 22-92 Electrical Supply ........................................................................................................ 22-93 Natural Gas Service ................................................................................................... 22-95

Open Space and Recreational Resources ....................................................................... 22-97 Historic and Cultural Resources ................................................................................... 22-101 Visual Resources .......................................................................................................... 22-102 Socioeconomic Conditions ........................................................................................... 22-108

Study Area Demographic, Housing, and Labor Force Characteristics .................... 22-108 Economic Benefits ................................................................................................... 22-109 Economic Synergies ................................................................................................ 22-113 Direct Business Displacement ................................................................................. 22-114 Potential Competitive Effects – Retail ..................................................................... 22-114 Potential Competitive Effects – Arena .................................................................... 22-117 Potential Competitive Effects – Hotel ..................................................................... 22-118 Other ........................................................................................................................ 22-118

Hazardous Materials ..................................................................................................... 22-122 Water Resources ........................................................................................................... 22-123

General Comments .................................................................................................. 22-123 Groundwater Resources ........................................................................................... 22-124 Surface Water and Wetlands .................................................................................... 22-135 Sewer and Stormwater ............................................................................................. 22-135 Other ........................................................................................................................ 22-140

Natural Resources ........................................................................................................ 22-140 Vegetation and Ecological Communities ................................................................. 22-140 Wildlife .................................................................................................................... 22-142 Threatened, Endangered, and Special Concern Species and Significant Natural Communities ............................................................................................... 22-144

Transportation .............................................................................................................. 22-145 Travel Demand Analysis ......................................................................................... 22-145 Detailed Analysis Methodologies ............................................................................ 22-160 Traffic Conditions .................................................................................................... 22-170


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Data Collection ......................................................................................................... 22-186 Traffic Analysis – Local Street Network ................................................................. 22-188 Traffic Analysis – Highway Network ...................................................................... 22-191 Public Transportation ............................................................................................... 22-194 Parking ..................................................................................................................... 22-217 Vehicular and Pedestrian Safety............................................................................... 22-230 Traffic Diversions .................................................................................................... 22-235 Site Access and Egress ............................................................................................. 22-243 Emergency Vehicle Response Times ....................................................................... 22-249 General Comments ................................................................................................... 22-250

Air Quality .................................................................................................................... 22-254 General ..................................................................................................................... 22-254 Methodology for Predicting Pollutant Concentrations ............................................. 22-256 Mobile Sources ......................................................................................................... 22-256 Other ......................................................................................................................... 22-257

Noise ............................................................................................................................. 22-257 Climate Change ............................................................................................................ 22-262 Construction .................................................................................................................. 22-267

General ..................................................................................................................... 22-267 Visual Resources ...................................................................................................... 22-270 Hazardous Materials ................................................................................................. 22-270 Transportation .......................................................................................................... 22-271 Air Quality ............................................................................................................... 22-276 Noise and Vibration ................................................................................................. 22-277 Safety and Security ................................................................................................... 22-279 Coordination With NYRA Construction and Operations ......................................... 22-280 Other ......................................................................................................................... 22-284

Alternatives ................................................................................................................... 22-284 General ..................................................................................................................... 22-284 No Action Alternative .............................................................................................. 22-287 No Unmitigated Impact Alternative ......................................................................... 22-288 No Arena Alternative ............................................................................................... 22-288 Alternate Site Plan Alternative ................................................................................. 22-288 Other ......................................................................................................................... 22-289

Mitigation ..................................................................................................................... 22-289 General ..................................................................................................................... 22-289 Transportation .......................................................................................................... 22-293 Construction – General ............................................................................................. 22-324 Construction Noise ................................................................................................... 22-324 Other ......................................................................................................................... 22-326

Unavoidable Adverse Impacts ...................................................................................... 22-327 Cumulative Impacts ...................................................................................................... 22-327 General .......................................................................................................................... 22-328

General “in Favor” ................................................................................................... 22-328 General “in Opposition” ........................................................................................... 22-330

C. List of Organizations and Individuals Who Commented On the Draft Environmental Impact Statement and General Project Plan ...................................................................... 22-331

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix A Community Facilities and Utilities Correspondence Appendix B Historic and Cultural Resources Correspondence Appendix C Hazardous Materials Appendix D Water Resources Appendix E Natural Resources Appendix F Transportation Appendix G Noise Appendix H Smart Growth Impact Statement Appendix I Fiscal and Economic Benefits Appendix J Mitigation Appendix K Alternatives Appendix L Public Comments Received on the DEIS and Draft GPP Appendix M Agency Correspondence Letters Post-DEIS


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List of Tables

F-1 Changes in Proposed Program ...................................................................................... F-2

S-1 Proposed Program ......................................................................................................... S-5

1-1 Proposed Program .......................................................................................................... 1-6

2-1 Zoning Districts Located in Primary and Secondary Study Areas ............................... 2-19

2-2 Other Planned Developments and Capital Improvements ............................................ 2-29

2-3 Current Regulations Requiring Overrides .................................................................... 2-36

3-1 Community Service Providers and Utilities ................................................................... 3-6

3-2 Elmont Fire Department Companies .............................................................................. 3-8

3-3 Projected Water Demand Under the Proposed Project ................................................. 3-21

3-4 Projected Solid Waste Generation Under the Proposed Project ................................... 3-24

4-1 Open Space and Recreational Resources in the Primary Study Area ............................. 4-5

4-2 Open Space and Recreational Resources in the Secondary Study Area ......................... 4-9

7-1 Census Tracts Within Study Area .................................................................................. 7-8

7-2 Residential Population .................................................................................................... 7-9

7-3 Total Households and Average Household Size ............................................................ 7-9

7-4 Median Household Income and Poverty Rates ............................................................ 7-10

7-5 Educational Attainment (2012–2016) .......................................................................... 7-10

7-6 Housing Inventory, Vacancy Rates and Owner Occupancy Rates ............................... 7-11

7-7 Median Home Values (All Homes) .............................................................................. 7-12

7-8 Median Contract Rent (Monthly) ................................................................................. 7-12

7-9 Labor Force .................................................................................................................. 7-13

7-10 Employment By Sector ................................................................................................ 7-14

7-11 Unemployment Rate ..................................................................................................... 7-14

7-12 Permanent Job Creation................................................................................................ 7-15

7-13 Temporary Job Creation (During Construction) .......................................................... 7-15

7-14 Demographic, Household and Income and Poverty Statistics – Local Retail Primary Trade Areas – ½-Mile Study Area .......................................................................................... 7-24

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7-15 Demographic, Household and Income and Poverty Statistics – Local Retail Primary Trade Areas – 3-Mile Buffer .................................................................................................. 7-24

7-16 Demographic, Household and Income and Poverty Statistics – Luxury Outlet Retail and Arenas and Entertainment Venues Primary Trade Area – Msa ................................... 7-25

7-17 Demographic, Household and Income and Poverty Statistics – Hotels Primary Trade Area – Nassau County .......................................................................................................... 7-25

7-18 Retail Inventory – Study Area and Primary Trade Area .............................................. 7-26

7-19 Local Retail – Dining and Entertainment – Supply and Demand Data ....................... 7-27

7-20 Potential Competitor Arenas and Stadiums ................................................................. 7-29

7-21 Performance Metrics for Key Competitor Arenas ....................................................... 7-30

7-22 Profile of Nassau County Hotels .................................................................................. 7-31

7-23 ADR, REVPAR and Average Occupancy in Nassau County ...................................... 7-31

7-24 Planned Large Retail Projects in the Msa .................................................................... 7-33

7-25 Planned Arenas, Stadiums and Entertainment Venues in the Msa .............................. 7-34

7-26 Planned Hotels in Nassau County ................................................................................ 7-35

11-1 Proposed Arena Patron Modal Splits and AVOs ......................................................... 11-5

11-2 Proposed Arena Employee Modal Splits and AVOs ................................................... 11-5

11-3 Proposed Non-Arena Uses Modal Splits and AVOs ................................................... 11-6

11-4 Proposed Project—Person Trip Generation Summary ................................................ 11-8

11-5 Proposed Project—Vehicle Trip Generation Summary ............................................... 11-9

11-6 Traffic Analysis Peak Hours ........................................................................................ 11-9

11-7 LOS Criteria for Signalized Intersections .................................................................. 11-13

11-8 LOS Criteria for Unsignalized Intersections .............................................................. 11-14

11-9 LOS Criteria for Highway Network Segments .......................................................... 11-15

11-10 2017 Existing Weekday Traffic Levels of Service Summary .................................... 11-22

11-11 2017 Existing Saturday Traffic Levels of Service Summary .................................... 11-24

11-12 2017 Existing Weekday Cross Island Parkway Levels of Service ............................ 11-29

11-13 2017 Existing Saturday Cross Island Parkway Levels of Service ............................. 11-30

11-14 2017 Existing Weekday Highway Interchange Levels of Service ............................. 11-31

11-15 2017 Existing Saturday Highway Interchange Levels of Service .............................. 11-31

11-16 Belmont Stakes LIRR Ridership ................................................................................ 11-32

11-17 Bus Service Headways ............................................................................................... 11-33

11-18 Nassau County Vehicle Crash Data Summary .......................................................... 11-36

11-19 Summary of Accident Rate Comparisons – Nassau County ...................................... 11-37


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11-20 Queens Vehicle and Pedestrian Crash Summary ....................................................... 11-41

11-21 No Action Development Projects ............................................................................... 11-42

11-22 2021 No Action Weekday Traffic Levels of Service Summary ................................. 11-45

11-23 2021 No Action Saturday Traffic Levels of Service Summary .................................. 11-47

11-24 2021 No Action Weekday Cross Island Parkway Levels of Service ......................... 11-51

11-25 2021 No Action Saturday Cross Island Parkway Levels of Service .......................... 11-52

11-26 2021 No Action Weekday Highway Interchange Levels of Service .......................... 11-53

11-27 2021 No Action Saturday Highway Interchange Levels of Service ........................... 11-54

11-28 2021 With Action Weekday Traffic Levels of Service Summary .............................. 11-65

11-29 2021 With Action Saturday Traffic Levels of Service Summary .............................. 11-67

11-30 2021 With Action Weekday Cross Island Parkway Levels of Service ...................... 11-75

11-31 2021 With Action Saturday Cross Island Parkway Levels of Service ....................... 11-76

11-32 2021 With Action Weekday Cross Island Parkway Vehicle Demand Analysis ........ 11-78

11-33 2021 With Action Saturday Cross Island Parkway Vehicle Demand Analysis ......... 11-79

11-34 2021 With Action Weekday Highway Interchange Levels of Service ....................... 11-81

11-35 2021 With Action Saturday Highway Interchange Levels of Service ........................ 11-81

11-36 Project-Generated LIRR Trips By Arena Patrons ...................................................... 11-82

11-37 Project-Generated Bus Trips ...................................................................................... 11-84

11-38 Net Change in Parking Spaces On the Project Sites and North, South, and East Lots ...... 11-85

11-39 Weekday Projected Parking Demand By Land Use With A Hockey Game At the Arena . 11-86

11-40 Weekday Projected Parking Demand By Land Use With A Concert At the Arena ... 11-87

11-41 Saturday Projected Parking Demand By Land Use With Disney On Ice At the Arena 11-88

11-42 Saturday Projected Parking Demand By Land Use With A Hockey Game At the Arena . 11-89

11-43 Saturday Projected Parking Demand By Land Use With A Concert At the Arena ... 11-90

11-44 2021 With Action Parking Supply and Demand ........................................................ 11-91

12-1 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) .................................................... 12-5

12-2 Boiler Stack Parameters and Emission Rates ............................................................. 12-11

12-3 Maximum Background Pollutant Concentrations for Heating and Hot Water System Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 12-13

12-4 Representative Monitored Ambient Air Quality Data ................................................ 12-14

12-5 Maximum Modeled Pollutant Concentrations from Heating and Hot Water Systems Off-Site Receptors (µg/m3) ............................................................................................... 12-17

12-6 Maximum Modeled Pollutant Concentrations from Heating and Hot Water Systems on the Proposed Project (µg/m3) ..................................................................................... 12-18

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13-1 Common Noise Levels ................................................................................................. 13-2

13-2 Average Ability to Perceive Changes in Noise Levels ................................................ 13-3

13-3 Town of Hempstead Limits for Steady Noise .............................................................. 13-4

13-4 Village of Floral Park Maximum Sound Levels for Continuous Sound ...................... 13-4

13-5 Electrical Substation Equipment Noise Data ............................................................. 13-10

13-6 Noise Receptor Locations .......................................................................................... 13-11

13-7 Measured Existing Noise Levels (in dBA) ................................................................ 13-12

13-8 Noise Levels in the Future Without the Proposed Project (in dBA) .......................... 13-13

13-9 Noise Levels in the Future With the Proposed Project (in dBA) ............................... 13-15

14-1 Global Warming Potential (GWP) for Major GHGs ................................................... 14-4

14-2 Annual Operational Emissions All Natural Gas or LPG Propane Service Scenario ... 14-9

14-3 Annual Operational Emissions Electric Service Scenario ......................................... 14-10

15-1 Anticipated Construction Schedule .............................................................................. 15-6

15-2 Total Daily Construction Workers and Trucks By Quarter ....................................... 15-21

15-3 Total Daily Construction Vehicle Trips By Quarter .................................................. 15-21

15-4 2020 Fourth Quarter Daily Construction Vehicle Trip Projections ........................... 15-22

15-5 Belmont Stakes Day Parking Utilization ................................................................... 15-26

15-6 Anticipated Parking Supply On Belmont Stakes Day ............................................... 15-27

15-7 Construction Noise Receptor Locations .................................................................... 15-33

15-8 Noise Analysis Results .............................................................................................. 15-34

15-9 Vibration Source Levels for Construction Equipment ............................................... 15-40

16-1 Person Trip Comparisons: No Arena Alternative Vs. Proposed Actions .................. 16-22

16-2 Vehicle Trip Comparisons: No Arena Alternative Vs. Proposed Actions ................. 16-22

16-3 Intersections and Movements With Significant Adverse Traffic Impacts No Arena Alternative vs. Proposed Actions ............................................................................... 16-24

16-4 Highway Segments With Significant Adverse Traffic Impacts No Arena Alternative vs. Proposed Actions ....................................................................................................... 16-25

16-5 Cross Island Parkway Percentage of Vehicles Served No Arena Alternative vs. Proposed Actions ....................................................................................................................... 16-26

16-6 No Arena Alternative Construction Noise Analysis Results ..................................... 16-30

16-7 Construction Noise Analysis Results No Arena Alternative vs. Proposed Actions.. 16-31

16-8 Person Trip Comparisons: No Retail Village Alternative vs. Proposed Actions ....... 16-46

16-9 Vehicle Trip Comparisons: No Retail Village Alternative vs. Proposed Actions ..... 16-46


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16-10 Intersections and Movements With Significant Adverse Traffic Impacts No Retail Village Alternative vs. Proposed Actions ............................................................................... 16-48

16-11 Highway Segments With Significant Adverse Traffic Impacts No Retail Village Alternative vs. Proposed Actions ............................................................................... 16-49

16-12 Cross Island Parkway Percentage of Vehicles Served No Retail Village Alternative vs. Proposed Actions ........................................................................................................ 16-50

16-13 No Retail Village Alternative Construction Noise Analysis Results ......................... 16-54

16-14 Construction Noise Analysis Results No Retail Village Alternative vs. Proposed Actions 16-55

16-15 Alternate Site Plan Alternative Construction Noise Analysis Results ....................... 16-74

16-16 Construction Noise Analysis Results Alternate Site Plan Alternative vs. Proposed Actions ....................................................................................................................... 16-75

17-1 Proposed Arena Patron Modal Splits and AVOs With Mitigation ............................. 17-17

17-2 Person Trip Comparisons: Proposed Project With and Without Mitigation .............. 17-18

17-3 Vehicle Trip Comparisons: Proposed Project With and Without Mitigation ............. 17-19

17-4 Summary of Significant Adverse Traffic Impacts On the Local Street Network ....... 17-20

17-5 Summary of Cross Island Parkway Vehicle Demand Analysis ................................. 17-26

17-6 Summary of Significant Adverse Traffic Impacts On the Cross Island Parkway ...... 17-27

17-7 Project-Generated LIRR Trips By Arena Patrons With New Elmont Station............ 17-28

17-8 Comparison of Proposed Arena Patron Modal Splits and AVOs With Mitigation .... 17-32

17-9 2021 Mitigated With Action Parking Supply and Demand ........................................ 17-32

17-10 Proposed Arena Patron Modal Splits and AVOs With Mitigation for Interim Conditions . 17-34

21-1 Potential Cumulative Impacts ...................................................................................... 21-3

22-1 Changes in Proposed Program ................................................................................... 22-20

22-2 Comparison of Project-Generated Vehicle Trips and Existing Traffic Volumes for a Weeknight Hockey Game and Concert .................................................................... 22-163

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List of Figures

following printed page

S-1 Project Location ............................................................................................................. S-2

S-2 Proposed Project Site Plan ............................................................................................. S-4

S-3 Illustrative Aerial View ................................................................................................. S-4

S-4 Proposed Arena - Illustrative View from LIRR Belmont Park Station ......................... S-6

S-5 Proposed Arena - Illustrative View from Site A Plaza .................................................. S-6

S-6 Illustrative View within Proposed Site B Retail Village ............................................... S-6

1-1 Project Location ............................................................................................................. 1-2

1-2 Proposed Project Site Plan ............................................................................................. 1-6

1-3 Illustrative Aerial View ................................................................................................. 1-6

1-4 Proposed Arena - Illustrative View from LIRR Belmont Park Station ......................... 1-8

1-5 Proposed Arena - Illustrative View from Site A Plaza .................................................. 1-8

1-6 Illustrative View within Proposed Site B Retail Village ............................................... 1-8

2-1 Study Areas .................................................................................................................... 2-4

2-2 Land Use ........................................................................................................................ 2-4

2-3 Zoning .......................................................................................................................... 2-18

3-1 Schools, Libraries, and Registered Day Care Facilities ................................................. 3-6

3-2 Emergency Services and Hospitals ................................................................................ 3-6

4-1 Open Space and Recreational Resources in the Primary Study Area ............................ 4-4

4-2 Open Space and Recreational Resources in the Primary and Secondary Study Areas .. 4-4

4-3 Backyard Amenities ....................................................................................................... 4-6

4-4 Proposed Project Site Plan ........................................................................................... 4-12

4-5a The Backyard: Existing ............................................................................................... 4-12

4-5b The Backyard: Proposed .............................................................................................. 4-12

5-1 Architectural Resources ................................................................................................. 5-4

5-2 Project Site A ................................................................................................................. 5-4

5-3 Project Site A ................................................................................................................. 5-4


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5-4 Project Site B .................................................................................................................. 5-4

5-5 Known Architectural Resource in the Study Area - Floral Park Bellerose School ........ 5-6

5-6 Known Architectural Resource in the Study Area - Floral Park Bellerose School ........ 5-6

6-1a Visual Assessment Location Map .................................................................................. 6-4

6-1b Visual Assessment Location Map Project Sites ............................................................. 6-4

6-2 Existing Conditions: Project Site A ................................................................................ 6-4



6-5 Existing Conditions: Project Site B ................................................................................ 6-4

6-6 Existing Conditions: Directly Affected Areas ................................................................ 6-4

6-7 Existing Conditions: Study Area - Directly Affected Areas .......................................... 6-4

6-8 Visual Assessment Location Map - Belmont Park ......................................................... 6-6

6-9 Existing Conditions: Study Area - Belmont Park ........................................................... 6-6










6-19 Visual Assessment Location Map - Elmont ................................................................... 6-6

6-20 Existing Conditions: Study Area - Elmont ..................................................................... 6-6










Table of Contents

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6-30 Existing Conditions: Study Area - Elmont .................................................................... 6-6

6-31 Existing Conditions: Study Area - Elmont .................................................................... 6-6

6-32 Visual Assessment Location Map - Queens Village, Bellerose Manor, and Cambria Heights . 6-6

6-33 Existing Conditions: Study Area - Queens Village, Bellerose Manor, and Cambria Heights 6-6













6-46 Visual Assessment Location Map - Bellerose and Bellerose Terrace ........................... 6-6

6-47 Existing Conditions: Study Area - Bellerose and Bellerose Terrace ............................. 6-6





6-52 Visual Assessment Location Map - Floral Park ............................................................. 6-6

6-53 Existing Conditions: Study Area - Floral Park .............................................................. 6-6











TOC-28

6-63 Visual Assessment Location Map - Photo Simulations ............................................... 6-20

6-64 Existing and Proposed Conditions: View north of Sites A and B, from intersection of Huntley Road and 106th Avenue ................................................................................. 6-20

6-65 Existing and Proposed Conditions: View west of Site B, from intersection of 109th Avenue and Wellington Road ...................................................................................... 6-20

6-66 Existing and Proposed Conditions: View northwest toward Site A, from intersection of Hempstead Turnpike and Heathcote Road ................................................................... 6-20

6-67 Existing and Proposed Conditions: View east on Hempstead Turnpike, showing Site A to the left and Site B to the right ....................................................................................... 6-20

6-68 Existing and Proposed Conditions: View northwest toward Site A and Hempstead Bench Spread ........................................................................................................................... 6-20

6-69 Existing and Proposed Conditions: View east toward Site A and the Pat Williams Playground ................................................................................................................... 6-20

6-70 Existing and Proposed Conditions: View south from the playing fields behind Floral Park Bellerose School toward North Lot and Site A ............................................................ 6-20

6-71 Existing and Proposed Conditions: View southwest toward Site A from West Elder Street, between Spruce and Pine Avenues in the Long Island North Shore Heritage Area ..... 6-20

6-72 Proposed Project Lighting Zones ................................................................................. 6-26

7-1 Socioeconomic Study Area ............................................................................................ 7-8

7-2 Local Retail Trade Areas .............................................................................................. 7-22

7-3 Luxury Outlet Retail, Arenas, and Entertainment Venues Trade Area ........................ 7-24

7-4 Hotels Primary Trade Area ........................................................................................... 7-24

7-5 Local Retail Dining and Entertainment Concentrations within the Primary Trade Area ...... 7-26

7-6 Outlet Shopping Centers in the NY-NJ-PA MSA ........................................................ 7-28

7-7 Total Employment in Retail Trade: New York City Region (2000–2016) .................. 7-28

7-8 Potential Competitor Arenas and Stadiums .................................................................. 7-30

7-9 Total Employment in Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation: New York City Region (2000–2016) ................................................................................................................. 7-30

7-10 Hotels in the Primary Trade Area ................................................................................. 7-32

7-11 Total Employment in Accommodation and Food Services: Nassau County (2000–2016) ................................................................................................................. 7-32

9-1 Depth to Groundwater and Water Table Elevations ....................................................... 9-4

9-2 Hydrogeologic Zones ..................................................................................................... 9-6

9-3 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory ........................................ 9-6

10-1 Photograph Key ............................................................................................................ 10-4

10-2 Photographs .................................................................................................................. 10-4

Table of Contents

TOC-29

10-3 Photographs ................................................................................................................. 10-4

10-4 Photographs ................................................................................................................. 10-4

10-5 Photographs ................................................................................................................. 10-4

11-1 Traffic Study Area ..................................................................................................... 11-12

11-2 Traffic Study Area - Highway Network .................................................................... 11-14

11-3 Existing Long Island Rail Road Service .................................................................... 11-32

11-4 Study Area Bus Service ............................................................................................. 11-34

11-5 Existing Parking Areas .............................................................................................. 11-34

11-6 Proposed Project Site Plan ......................................................................................... 11-34

11-7 Auto Trip Assignments to/from New Parking Beneath the Retail Village ................ 11-56

11-8 Auto Trip Assignments to/from New Parking in the Hotel’s Podium ....................... 11-60

11-9 Auto Trip Assignments to/from South Lot ................................................................ 11-60

11-10 Auto Trip Assignments to/from North Lot ................................................................ 11-60

11-11 Auto Trip Assignments to/from East Lot ................................................................... 11-60

13-1 Noise Receptor Locations ............................................................................................ 13-8

15-1 Anticipated Construction Schedule .............................................................................. 15-6

15-2 Construction Noise Receptor Locations .................................................................... 15-32

16-1 No Retail Village Alternative .................................................................................... 16-38

16-2 Alternate Site Plan Alternative .................................................................................. 16-62

17-1 New LIRR Elmont Station ........................................................................................... 17-8

17-2 Photo Locations ......................................................................................................... 17-40

17-3 Mitigation — View southwest from Superior Road and 242nd Street ...................... 17-40

17-4 Mitigation — View west across the Floral Park-Bellerose School Recreation Grounds ................................................................................................... 17-40

17-5 Mitigation — View south from Superior Road and 240th Street .............................. 17-42

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