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List the component of below elbow prosthesis

1. Terminal device (Hand) Passive device

Also known as cosmetic hands and are normally prescribed for purely cosmetic reasons.

Active deviceActive functional device that opens and closes.

o Voluntary control Mechanical hand- Voluntary opening mechanical hand

- Voluntary closing mechanical hand

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o Hook

o Pliers

2. Wrist Unit

o Rotation type- Most rotation wrist units provide pronation and supination of the terminal device with an

adjustable friction setting in the unit.

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o Rotation- Flexion Type

- This wrist unit provides both rotation and flexion of the terminal device.The rotation has an adjustable friction setting and the flexion has positive locking positions at O”, 30’ and 50’.

o Quick Change Type

- Quick change wrist units allow the hooks and hands to be interchanged without the need to unthread one and thread the other. They also are occasionally used to preposition the terminal device in rotation with the positive lock. With these units, one terminal device is popped out, and the other popped in.

3. Socket

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o The Strathclyde Supra Olecranon Socket

o Strathclyde Extended Cup Socket

4. Suspension

o Harnessed-based systems. o Self-suspending socketso Suction sockets.

List the suspension of below elbow prosthesis

• Harnessed-based systems.

Harnessed-based systems and their variants are the most commonly used systems. The strap in harness loops around the axilla on the sound side. This anchors the harness and provides the counterforce for suspension and control-cable forces. On the prosthetic side, the anterior (superior) strap carries the major suspending forces to the prosthesis by attaching directly to the socket in a transhumeral prosthesis or indirectly to a transradial socket through an intermediate Y-strap and triceps cuff. The posterior (inferior) strap on the prosthetic side attaches to the control cable.

• Self-suspending sockets

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Self-suspending sockets are largely limited to wrist or elbow disarticulations and to transradial amputations. This socket design is most commonly utilized with an externally powered, myoelectrically controlled transradial prosthesis. An example of this type is the Munster socket. Proper fit of this socket precludes full elbow extension.

• Suction sockets

Suction suspension is similar to lower extremity options. These sockets use an external, elastic suspension sleeve; a one-way air valve; or roll-on gel suspension liner with a pin-locking mechanism. Upper limb suction sockets (unlike nonsuction sockets) require a total contact socket design and ideally a residual limb with no skin invagination, scarring, and stable volume to avoid skin problems, such as a choke syndrome.