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Wireless Technologies-A short study…..

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Information Search Analysis & Seminar Skills

Venue : NIIT Ltd, Agra.

Faculty : Miss Gunjan Chauhan

Course : Semester 3, Information System Management.

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Compiled by:

Amol Shrivastava

Gopal Punj

Amla Sharma

Divya Mohania

Pawan

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Content modules1

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Wi-Fi a WLAN

technology

UWB an emerging technology

WiMAX a WMAN technology

Wibree a WPAN

technology

Introduction

to

Wireless

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Introduction to wireless!!!

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Conventional Wiring V. Wireless

Solutions with wireless

Completes the access technology portfolio

Goes where cable and fiber cannot

Involves reduced time to revenue

Provides broadband access extension

Problems with wiring

Complexity of installation and use

Cost Cables, cables, cables Aesthetics Bandwidth Lack of Mobility

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•Wide area networks that the cellular carriers create •Wireless local area networks, that you create, and

•Wireless Metropolitan area networks are type of wireless network that connects several Wireless LANs.

•Personal area networks, that create themselves.

Different Types of Wireless Network

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Wireless technology comparison

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1 Wi-Fi – a WLAN technology

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Wi-Fi

• Wireless Technology is an alternative to Wired Technology, which is commonly used, for connecting devices in wireless mode.

• Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a generic term that refers to the IEEE 802.11 communications standard for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs).

• Wi-Fi Network connect computers to each other, to the internet and to the wired network.

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The Wi-Fi Standards

IEEE 802.11b

Operates at 2.4GHz radio spectrum11 Mbps (theoretical speed) - within 30 m Range4-6 Mbps (actual speed)100 -150 feet rangeMost popular, Least ExpensiveInterference from mobile phones and Bluetooth devices which can reduce the transmission speed.

IEEE 802.11a

Introduced in 2001Operates at 5 GHz (less popular) 54 Mbps (theoretical speed)15-20 Mbps (Actual speed)50-75 feet rangeMore expensiveNot compatible with 802.11b

IEEE 802.11g

Introduced in 2003Combine the feature of both standards (a, b)100-150 feet range54 Mbps Speed2.4 GHz radio frequenciesCompatible with ‘b’

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Working of Wi-Fi

Wireless adapter

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Wi-Fi Network Setup

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Strength V. Weakness Simplicity and ease of deployment since it uses

unlicensed radio spectrum which does not require regulatory approval.

Cost of rolling out this wireless solution is low.

Users are able to be mobile for up to 300 feet from the access point.

There are many Wi-Fi compatible products that are available at a low cost and can interoperate with other network technologies along with minimal configuration.

Privacy features like WEP, WPA, Media Access MAC address etc and security features like user authentication and server authentication provides reliability.

Limited level of mobility.

Susceptible to interference.

Designed technically for short-range operations and basically an indoors technology.

Security threats (like Eavesdropping, Man-in-the-middle attacks, Denial of Service are common)

Lacking high-quality media streaming

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2 UWB – an emerging wireless technology

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UWB Technology

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology based on the WiMedia standard, delivers the necessary bandwidth to wirelessly move large data files and enriched digital media.

UWB is positioned to address the market for a high-speed WPAN (up to 10 meters, or 30 feet).

UWB radio transmissions can legally operate in the range from 3.1 GHz up to 10.6 GHz, at a limited transmit power of -41dBm/MHz. UWB provides dramatic channel capacity at short range that limits interference.

Intel is poised to deliver the key components needed for successful UWB solutions with the introduction of Intel Wireless UWB Link 1480 Media Access Controller (MAC).

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UWB Applications

Replacing cables between portable multimedia CE devices with wireless connectivity

Enabling high-speed wireless universal serial bus (WUSB) connectivity for PCs and PC peripherals, including printers, scanners, and external storage devices by providing speeds up to 480 Mbps (equivalent to wired USB 2.0) within a 10-meter range.

Creating ad-hoc high-bit-rate wireless connectivity for CE, PC, and mobile devices

Cable replacement and network access for mobile computing devices

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Benefit

Challenges Interoperability Ease of product integration and certification Overall solution cost Global spectrum allocation

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3 WiMAX – a WMAN technology

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WiMAX

WiMAX stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

WiMAX refers to broadband wireless networks that are based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, which ensures compatibility and interoperability between broadband wireless access equipment

WiMAX, which will have a range of up to 31 miles, is primarily aimed at making broadband network access widely available without the expense of stringing wires (as in cable-access broadband) or the distance limitations of Digital Subscriber Line.

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Features of WiMAX

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Scalability

Quality of Service

Range

Coverage

• The 802.16 standard supports flexible radio frequency (RF) channel bandwidths.

• The standard supports hundreds or even thousands of users within one RF channel

• As the number of subscribers grow the spectrum can be reallocated with process of sectoring.

• A configuration and registration function to pre configure SS based QoS service flows and traffic parameters

• Utilization of MAC scheduling and QoS traffic parameters for uplink service flows

• Utilization of QoS traffic parameters for downlink service flows• Optimized for up to 50 Km

• Designed to handle many users spread out over kilometres

• Designed to tolerate greater multi-path delay spread (signal reflections) up to 10.0μs

• PHY and MAC designed with multi-mile range in mind• Standard supports mesh network topology• Optimized for outdoor NLOS performance• Standard supports advanced antenna techniques

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BENEFITS OF WIMAX

Speed Faster than

broadband service

Wireless Not having to lay cables

reduces cost Easier to extend to suburban

and rural areas

Broad Coverage Much wider coverage than

WiFi hotspot.

Benefits to Service Providers delivering high throughput

broadband based services, reduce capital expenditures for network expansion, Providing improved performance and extended range

Benefits to Customers Range of technology and

service level choices from both fixed and wireless broadband operators, declining fixed broadband prices, No DSL “installation” fees from incumbent

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Limitations & Disadvantages

LIMITATION

RF Interference: Disrupts a transmission and

decreases performance. Overlapping interference generate random noise.

Infrastructure Placement: The physical structure that

houses or supports the base station must be RF friendly. A metal farm silo, tree swaying in the wind may distort signals, or change signal strength. Or block signal paths.

DISADVANTAGES

Line of sight is needed for longer connections.

Weather conditions like rain could interrupt the signal.

Other wireless equipment could cause interference.

Multiplied frequencies are used.

WiMAX and requires strong electrical support.

Big installation and operational cost.

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4 Wibree - a WPAN technology

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Wibree (Baby Bluetooth)

Wibree is an ultra low power, short range radio technology offering connectivity between mobile devices and small, button cell battery powered devices

Interoperable radio technology for small devices : Developed by Nokia Complements other PAN connectivity technologies

First open technology offering connectivity between mobile devices/ personal computers, and products such as watches, wireless keyboards, gaming and sports sensors.

Wibree forum merges with the Bluetooth SIG in June 2007: Wibree becomes part of the Bluetooth specification as an ultra low power Bluetooth technology to enable ultra low power PAN applications.

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Benefits

The need of a technology optimized for ultra low power radio.

A lack of interoperability due to the domination of propriety technologies in ultra low power market.

Ultra low peak, average & idle mode power consumption.

Ultra low cost & small size for accessories & human interface devices.

Minimal cost & size addition to mobile phones & PCs.

Global, intuitive & secure multi vendor interoperability.

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ULP Bluetooth technology Uses & connectivity.

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“Things that think…don’t make sense unless they

link.”

-Nicholas Negroponte, MIT Media Laboratory