BENGKEL PENYELENGGARAN KOMPUTER

6 OKTOBER 2006 (JUMAAT)8.30 AM – 12.30 PM

TEMPAT: DEWAN TAKLIMAT FTM

Prof Madya Azizi ZakariaFakulti Teknologi Maklumat

zizi1199@uum.edu.myPejabat: FTM 3030

HP: 013-4811990 or 017-4699120http://azportal.uum.edu.my

mailto:zizi1199@uum.edu.my

Agenda

IntroductionFormatting PCInstalling and Configuring Windows XP SP2Software InstallationPC Protection From Malicious ProgramsBasic Troubleshooting TechniquesExploring Computer Hardware

While installing, I will talk on:Component of System Unit

Windows XP License Key

D366C-VX7WR-V448P-FGV4T-Y98XT

Back to Agenda

SOFTWARE IN THE CD

The are 20 software in the CD (700MB):1. ACDSee PRO2. Active Desktop Calendar3. Adobe Reader (PDF)4. Checkit (Checking hardware)5. Cyberlink Power DVD6. Karspersky Anti-Virus 7. Nero Burning (CD Burning software)8. Microsoft Office 20039. Norton Partition Magic 10. Perfect Disk V7 (Defragmentation software)11. Quicktime (Play quicktime video)

Back To Agenda

SOFTWARE IN THE CD

The are 20 software in the CD (700MB):12. Realplayer Plus 9 13. Tuneup Utilities 2006 (Fine tune windows)14. Vista Transformation Pack (Transform XP GUI to Vista)15. Waktu Solat16. Web Browser (Mozilla and Opera)17. WinRAR (Compression Software)18. WinAMP (MP3 Player)19. Winzip (Compression Software)20. Xoftspy (Anti-spyware)21. Hacking Windows XP (E-BOOK)Back To Agenda

Malicious Software

Malicious software or malware is software designed specifically to damage or disrupt a system, such as a virus or a Trojan horse.

Malicious Software

VIRUSA virus is a piece of computer code that attaches itself to a program or file so it can spread from computer to computer, infecting as it travels. Viruses can damage your software, your hardware, and your files.

Malicious Software

WORMA worm generally spreads without user action and distributes complete copies (possibly modified) of itself across networks. A worm can consume memory or network bandwidth, thus causing a computer to stop responding.

Malicious Software

SPYWARESpyware is any technology that aids in gathering information about a person or organization without their knowledge. It can overload your system and shutdown other services.

Malicious Software

SPYWARESpyware is any technology that aids in gathering information about a person or organization without their knowledge. It can overload your system and shutdown other services.

Malicious Software

TROJAN HORSEA Trojan Horse is a computer program that appears to be useful software, but instead compromises your security and causes a lot of damage.

Back to Agenda

The Components of the System Unit

The System Unit

What is the system unit?

p. 184 Fig. 4-1 Next

Case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data

Sometimes called the chassis

The System Unit

What are common components inside the system unit?

p. 185 Fig. 4-2 Next

MemoryAdapter cards

Sound cardVideo card

PortsDrive baysPower supply

power supply

ports

drive bays

processor

memory

sound cardvideo card

Processor

The System Unit

What is the motherboard?

p. 186 Fig. 4-3 Next

Main circuit board in system unitContains adapter cards, processor chips, andmemory chipsAlso calledsystem board

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 4, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Motherboards below Chapter

Processor

Which processor should you select?

p. 191 Fig. 4-7 Next

The faster the processor, the more expensive the computer

Celeron

Itanium or Xeon

Pentium family

1.3 GHz and up

3.0 GHz and up

2.4 GHz to 3.0 GHz

Up to 2.4 GHz

2.2 GHz and up

Intel Processor Desired Clock Speed

Processor

What is the system clock?

p. 189 Next

Each tick Each tick is a is a

clock cycleclock cycle

Pace of system Pace of system clock is clock is clock speedclock speed

Most clock speeds are Most clock speeds are in the gigahertz (GHz) in the gigahertz (GHz)

range (1 GHz = one range (1 GHz = one billion ticks of system billion ticks of system

clock per second)clock per second)

Processor speed can Processor speed can also be measured in also be measured in

mmillions of illions of iinstructions nstructions pper er ssecond econd (MIPS)(MIPS)

Controls timing of all computer operationsGenerates regular electronic pulses, or ticks, that set operating pace of components of system unit

Processor

What are the guidelines for selecting a processor?

Next

Processor

What are heat sinks, heat pipes, and liquid cooling?

p. 193 Fig. 4-9 Next

Heat sink—component with fins that cools processorHeat pipee—smaller device for notebook computersLiquid cooling—uses a continuous flow of fluids to transfer heat away

Memory

What is memory?

p. 197 Fig. 4-15 Next

Electronic components that store instructions, data, and resultsConsists of one or more chips on motherboard orother circuit boardEach byte stored in unique location called an address, similar to seats in a concert hall

Memory

How is memory measured?

p. 197 Fig. 4-16 Next

Term Abbreviation Approximate Size

Kilobyte KB or K 1 thousand bytes

Megabyte MB 1 million bytes

Gigabyte GB 1 billion bytes

Terabyte TB 1 trillion bytes

By number of bytes available for storage

Memory

What is random access memory (RAM)?

p. 198 Next

The more RAM a The more RAM a computer has, the computer has, the faster it respondsfaster it responds

Also called Also called main memory main memory

or primary or primary storagestorage

Most RAM is Most RAM is volatile, it is lost volatile, it is lost when computerwhen computer’’s s

power is power is turned offturned off

Memory chips that can be Memory chips that can be read from and written read from and written

to by processorto by processor

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 4, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click RAM below Chapter

Memory

Where does memory reside?

p. 199 Fig. 4-18 Next

Resides on small circuit board called memory moduleMemory slots on motherboard hold memory modules

memory chip

memory slot

dual inline memory module

Memory

p. 199 Next

How much RAM does an application require?Depends on the types of software you plan to useFor optimal performance, you need more than minimum specifications

Memory

How much RAM do you need?

p. 200 Fig. 4-19 Next

Depends on type of applications you intend to runon your computer

RAM

Use

256 MB to 1 GB 512 MB to 2 GB 2 GB and up

• Home and business

users managing

personal finance

• Using standard

application software

such as word processing

• Using educational

or entertainment

CD-ROMs

• Communicating with

others on the Web

• Users requiring more advanced

multimedia capabilities

• Running number-intensive

accounting, financial, or

spreadsheet programs

• Using voice recognition

• Working with videos, music, and

digital imaging

• Creating Web sites

• Participating in video conferences

• Playing Internet games

• Power users creating

professional Web sites

• Running sophisticated

CAD, 3D design, or

other graphics-intensive

software

Memory

What is cache?

p. 201 Fig. 4-20 Next

L1 cache built into processorL2 cache slower but has larger capacityL2 advanced transfer cache is faster, built directly on processor chipL3 cache is separate from processor chip on motherboard (L3 is only on computers that use L2 advanced transfer cache)

Helps speed computer processes by storing frequently used instructions and dataAlso called memory cache

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 4, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Cache below Chapter

Memory

What is CMOS?

p. 203 Next

Uses battery power to retain

information when other power is

turned off

Stores date, time, and

computer’s startup

information

Complementary metal-oxide

semiconductor memory

Used in some RAM chips, flash

memory chips, and other types of memory chips

Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards

What is an adapter card?

p. 204 Fig. 4-24 Next

Enhances system unit or provides connections to external devices called peripheralsAlso called an expansion card

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 4, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Sound Cards below Chapter 4

Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards

What is an expansion slot?

p. 204 - 205 Fig. 4-25 Next

An opening, or socket, on the motherboard that can hold an adapter cardWith Plug and Play, the computer automatically configures cardsand other devices as you install them

Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards

What are PC cards, and flash memory cards?

p. 205 Fig. 4-26–4-27 Next

A PC card adds memory, storage, sound, fax/modem, communications, and other capabilities to notebook computersA flash memory card allows users to transfer data from mobile devices to desktop computers

USB Flash drive

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 4, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Removable Flash Memory Devices below Chapter 4

Ports and Connectors

What are ports and connectors?

p. 206 Fig. 4-28 Next

Port connects external devices to system unitConnector joins cable to peripheral

Available in one of two genders: male and female

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 4, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Ports and Connectors below Chapter 4

Ports and Connectors

What are different types of connectors?

p. 207 Fig. 4-29 Next

Third USB device connects to second USB

device, and so on

Third USB device connects to second USB

device, and so on

Second USB device connects

to first USB device

Second USB device connects

to first USB deviceFirst USB

device connects to USB port on computer

First USB device connects

to USB port on computer

Single USB port can be used to attach

multiple peripherals in a daisy chain

Single USB port can be used to attach

multiple peripherals in a daisy chain

PCs typically have six to eight USB ports

on front or back of the system unit

PCs typically have six to eight USB ports

on front or back of the system unit

Ports and Connectors

What are USB ports?

p. 208 Next

USB (universal serial bus) port can connect up to 127 different peripherals together

with a single connector type

USB (universal serial bus) port can connect up to 127 different peripherals together

with a single connector type

USB 2.0

External peripherals might use an AC

adapter, which is an external power supply

Power Supply

What is a power supply?

p. 213 Next

ConvertsAC Power

intoDC Power

Fan keepssystem unit components

cool

Mobile Computers and Devices

What is a mobile computer?

p. 213 - 214 Fig. 4-37 Next

Notebook, weighing between 2.5 and 9 pounds, or mobile device such as a PDA

Mobile Computers and Devices

What ports are on a notebook computer?

p. 214 Fig. 4-38 Next

Mobile Computers and Devices

What ports and slots are on a tablet PC?

p. 214 Fig. 4-39 Next

Putting It All Together

What are suggested processor, clock speed, and RAM requirements based on the needs of various types of users?

p. 215 Fig. 4-40 Next

Keeping Your Computer Clean

Over time, the system unit collects dust – even in a clean environment

p. 216 Fig. 4-41 Next

Preventative maintenance requires a few basic products:

Storage

What is storage?

p. 354 Fig. 7-1 Next

Holds data, instructions, and information for future useStorage medium is physical material used for storage

Also called secondary storage

Storage

What is capacity?

p. 356 Next

Kilobyte (KB) 1 thousand

Megabyte (MB) 1 million

Gigabyte (GB) 1 billion

Terabyte (TB) 1 trillion

Petabyte (PB) 1 quadrillion

Number of bytes (characters) a storage medium can hold

Exabyte (EB) 1 quintillion

Zettabyte (ZB) 1 sextillion

Yottabyte (YB) 1 septillion

Floppy Disk Small files to be transported

Secondary Storage

Primary Storage

Hard Disk

Flash Memory Cards and USB Flash Drives

CDs and DVDs

Tape

Items waiting to be interpretedand executed by the processor

Operating system, applicationsoftware, user data and information

Digital pictures or files to be transported

Software, backups, movies, music

Backups

Memory (most RAM)

Stores …Transfer rates

What is access time?Time it takes storage device to locate item on storage medium

Storage

p. 357 Fig. 7-4 Next

Time required to deliver item from memory to processor

fastertransfer

rates

slowertransfer

rates

Perpendicular recording

Magnetic Disks

What is a hard disk?

p. 358 Fig. 7-6 Next

hard disk installedin system unit

High-capacity storageConsists of several inflexible, circular platters that store items electronicallyComponents enclosed in airtight, sealed case for protection

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 7, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Perpendicular Recording below Chapter 7

Longitudinal recording

Optical Discs

What are CD-Rs and CD-RWs?

p. 371 Next

Must haveCD recorder

or CD-R drive

Cannot erasedisc’s contents

CD-R (compact disc-recordable)—cdisc you can write on once

CD-RW (compact disc-rewritable)—ceerasable disc you can write on

multiple timesMust have

CD-RW softwareand CD-RW drive

Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 7, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click CD-Rs and CD-RWsbelow Chapter 7

Optical Discs

What is a DVD-ROM (digital versatile disc-ROM or digital video disc-ROM)?

p. 372 Fig. 7-24 Next

Must have DVD-ROM drive or DVD player to read DVD-ROMStores databases, music, complex software, and moviesBlu-ray discs have storage capacity of up to 27 GBHD-DVD discs have storage capacity of up to 45 GBUMD can store up to 1.8 GB

Optical Discs

How does a DVD-ROM store data?

p. 372 Fig. 7-25 Next

Two layers of pits are used, lower layer is semitransparent so laser can read throughSome are double-sidedMany types of recordable and rewritable DVDs are available

DVD-R and DVD+RDVD-RW and DVD+RW

Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 7, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click DVDsbelow Chapter 7

AgendaWindows XP License KeySOFTWARE IN THE CDSOFTWARE IN THE CDMalicious SoftwareMalicious SoftwareMalicious SoftwareMalicious SoftwareMalicious SoftwareMalicious SoftwareThe System UnitThe System UnitThe System UnitProcessorProcessorProcessorProcessorMemoryMemoryMemoryMemoryMemoryMemoryMemoryMemoryExpansion Slots and Adapter CardsExpansion Slots and Adapter CardsExpansion Slots and Adapter CardsPorts and ConnectorsPorts and ConnectorsPorts and ConnectorsPower SupplyMobile Computers and DevicesMobile Computers and DevicesMobile Computers and DevicesPutting It All TogetherKeeping Your Computer CleanStorageStorageStorageMagnetic DisksOptical DiscsOptical DiscsOptical Discs