Volume 25

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M~tter l~eowie§ Volume 25

Volume 25

Eduardo V Ludella Venezuelan institutefor Scientific Research , lVlC, Venezuela

Raymond F Bishop The University of Manchester, UK

Peter Iza SENAC YT, Ecuador

Editors

11» World Scientific NEW JERS EY · LONDON · SINGAP ORE · BE IJING· SHANGHAI · HONG KONG · TAIP EI · CH ENNAI

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CONDENSED MA TIER THEORIES Volume 25 Proceedings of the 33rd International Workshop

Copyright © 2011 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.

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PREFACE

The Thirty-Third International Workshop on Condensed Matter Theories (CMT33) was held in the city of Quito, the beautiful Andean capital of Ecuador, during the period 16-22 August 2009. Workshops in the CMT Series have taken place annually since 1977, when the inaugural meeting was held in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Subsequent meetings have been held thereafter in Trieste, Italy (1978), Buenos Aires, Argentina (1979), Caracas, Venezuela (1980), Mexico City, Mexico (1981), St. Louis, USA (1982), Altenberg, Federal Republic of Germany (1983), Granada, Spain (1984), San Francisco, USA (1985), Argonne, USA (1986), Oulu, Finland (1987), Taxco, Mexico (1988), Campos do Jordao, Brazil (1989), Isle of Elba, Italy (1990), Mar del Plata, Argentina (1991), San Juan, Puerto Rico (1992), Nathiagali, Pakistan (1993), Valencia, Spain (1994), Caracas, Venezuela (1995), Pune, India (1996), Luso, Portugal (1997), Nashville, USA (1998), Isle of Ithaca, Greece (1999), Buenos Aires, Argentina (2000), Canberra, Australia (2001), Luso, Portugal (2002), Toulouse, France (2003), St. Louis, USA (2004), Kyoto, Japan (2005), Dresden, Germany (2006), Bangkok, Thailand (2007), and Loughborough, UK (2008). The present volume contains the Proceedings of the 2009 Workshop, CMT33.

The primary aims of the CMT Workshops have remained unchanged since the

inception of the Series, namely: to encourage cross-fertilization between different

approaches to many-body systemsj to promote continuing collaborative efforts in­

volving groups of Workshop participantsj and to foster communication and coopera­

tion between scientists in developed and developing nations. An important objective

throughout has been to work against the ever-present trend for physics to fragment

into increasingly narrow fields of specialization, between which communication is

difficult. The CMT Workshops have traditionally sought to emphasize the unity of physics, and CMT33 fully subscribed to that ideal, as the present volume of the Proceedings will amply attest.

From their Pan-American origins, the Workshops in the CMT Series rapidly

developed into the significant scientific meetings that they have now become, and

where work at the forefronts of the fields covered is presented by leading experts

from around the world. This last Workshop, CMT33 in Ecuador, for example, had

participants from more than 15 different countries. The Workshops have thus suc­

cessfully fostered truly international collaborations between scientists divided not

only by interdisciplinary barriers but also by geographical and political boundaries.

As we have already pointed out, the orientation and the physical context of the

CMT Series of Workshops have always been cross-disciplinary, but with an emphasis

placed on the common concerns of theorists applying many-particle concepts and

v

vi Preface

formalisms in such diverse areas as solid-state, low-temperature, atomic, nuclear,

particle, chemical, statistical and biological physics, as well as in quantum field

theory, quantum optics, quantum information theory, strongly correlated electronic systems and the theory of complex systems. While adhering strongly to this tradi­

tion as an over-arching principle, the organizers of each particular CMT Workshop

have traditionally been encouraged to highlight specific areas of topical and/or local

interest. In this spirit CMT33 chose to focus special attention on exotic fermionic

and bosonic systems, quantum magnets and their quantum and thermal phase tran­

sitions, novel condensed matter systems for renewable energy sources, the physics

of nanosystems and nanotechnology, and applications of molecular dynamics and

density functional theory.

The Series Editorial Board, on behalf of all the participants, wishes to express its

gratitude to the many people who contributed to the choice of scientific programme

and in other ways to the success of the CMT33 Workshop. The main sponsor of

CMT33, to whom a huge debt of gratitude is owed for its very generous financial

support, for its gracious hospitality and for the provision of excellent secretarial

and organizational support, was the Secretaria N acional de Ciencia y Tecnologia

(SENACYT) of Ecuador. Particular thanks are due to our SENACYT colleagues Pedro Montalvo (National Secretary) and Peter Iza (Director of Scientific Research). We are grateful to Pedro for opening the meeting and for welcoming delegates on behalf of SENACYT, and to Peter for acting as Chair of the Local Organizing Committee. Huge thanks are also due to Catalina Diaz of SENACYT, who acted with great skill and diplomacy as the Secretary to the Workshop and to its Local

Organizing Committee. It was largely due to her capable hands and cool head that

the meeting ran as smoothly as it undoubtedly did. Perhaps most thanks of all,

however, are due to Eduardo V. Ludena for suggesting Quito in the first place as a

venue for CMT33. Without his dogged perseverance and his formidable negotiating

skills, however, the Workshop would not have taken place. It is fitting, therefore,

that he was also chosen to act as Chair of the Scientific Programme Committee

(SPC), a job which he performed with his customary enthusiasm and skill, as the

final list of speakers and attendees clearly demonstrates. He was aided in that task

by Raymond Bishop. Khandker Quader and Bilal Tanatar, who acted as the other members of the SPC. Without the active participation of all of them, the meeting

would not have been the undoubted success it so clearly was. Our grateful thanks

are due to each of them, as well as to all of the speakers and participants, for making CMT33 such a high-quality and memorable Workshop.

R.F. Bishop (On behalf of the Editorial Board for the Series of International Workshops on Condensed Matter Theories)

Manchester, U.K.

31 March 2010

ORGANIZING COMMITTEES

Series Editorial Board for the Series of International Workshops on

Condensed Matter Theories

R. F. Bishop J. W. Clark M. de Llano F. B. Malik

- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK - Washington University, St. Louis, USA - UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico - Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, USA

International Advisory Committee

H. Akai (Japan) G. Anagnostatos (Greece) R. F. Bishop (United Kingdom) L. Blum (Puerto Rico) C. E. Campbell (USA) M. Ciftan (USA) J. W. Clark (USA) J. Dabroski (Poland) J. da Providencia (Portugal) M.P. Das (Australia) M. de Llano (Mexico) D. Ems (USA) R. Guardiola (Spain) E. V. Ludeiia (Venezuela) F. B. Malik (USA) J. Navarro (Spain) A. Plastino (Argentine) A. N. Proto (Argentine) S. Rosati (Italy) E. Suraud (France) P. Vashishta (USA) C. W. Woo (China)

vii

viii Organizing Committees

Scientific Program Committee for the XXXIII International Workshop on

Condensed Matter Theories

Raymond F. Bishop Eduardo V. L udeiia Khandker F. Quader Bilal Tanatar

- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK - lVlC, Caracas, Venezuela - Kent State University, Kent, USA - Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey

Local Organizing Committee for the XXXIII International Workshop on

Condensed Matter Theories

Peter Iza (Chair) Catalina Diaz (Secretary)

- SENACYT, Quito, Ecuador - SENACYT, Quito, Ecuador

Editorial Committee for the XXXIII International Workshop on

Condensed Matter Theories

Eduardo V. Ludena - lVlC, Caracas, Venezuela Raymond F. Bishop - The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Peter Iza - SENACYT, Quito, Ecuador

HOST INSTITUTION AND MAIN SPONSOR for the XXXIII International Workshop on

Condensed Matter Theories

Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, SENACYT (National Secretariat for Science and Technology, SENACYT) National Secretary: Eeon. Pedro Montalvo

Quito, Ecuador

Other Sponsoring Institutions

• Centro Latinoamericano de Fisica, CLAF (Latin American Physics Center, CLAF) CBPF-Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

• lOP Publishing Dirac House, Temple back

Bristol BS 1 6BE, UK • Ministerio de Turismo del Ecuador

(Ministry of Tourism, Ecuador) Quito, Ecuador

• Escuela Superior Politecnica del Ejercito, ESPE (High Polytechnic Army School, ESPE) Quito, Ecuador

• Escuela Politecnica Nacional, EPN (National Polytechnic School, EPN) Quito, Ecuador

• U niversidad Andina Simon Bilivar, U ASB (Simon Bolivar Andean University, UASB) Quito, Ecuador

• Ecuadorian Paxi & Rupay Travel Quito, Ecuador

ix

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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

XXXIII International Workshop on Condensed Matter Theories

Quito, Ecuador, August 16-22, 2009

xi

xii Organizing Committees

(1) ALBARRACIN, Patricia CFA, Quito, Ecuador

(2) ALDAS, Oswaldo Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuadorj

oswaldo.aldas@epn.edu.ec

(3) ALVARADO, Juan SENPLADES, Quito, Ecuador; jalvarado@senplades.gov.ec

(4) ANDREI, Eva Rutgers University,

New Jersey, USAj eandrei@physics.rutgers.edu

(5) ARMAS, Pablo Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador

(6) ARMIJOS, Eduardo COMCIEC-ANC, Guayaquil, Ecuadorj eduarmijos@hotmaiLcom

(7) AVENDANO, Maribel Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador

(8) AYALA, Luis Alfonso Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro,

Manta, Ecuadorj alfonsoayalacastro(Q)yahoo.es

(9) AYERS, Paul McMaster University,

Hamilton, Ontario, Canadaj ayers@mcmaster.ca

(10) BISHOP, Lev Yale University,

New Haven, Connecticut, USAj lev. bishop@gmail.com

(11) BISHOP, Raymond F. University of Manchester,

Manchester, United Kingdomj

raymond. bishop@manchester.ac.uk (12) BOEHM, Helga

Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austriaj

helga.boehm@jku.at (13) BURGOS, Armando

Escuela Politecnica Nacional,

Quito, Ecuadorj armandoburgos14@hotmaiLcom

(14) BURGOS, Meri Fernanda Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador.

(15) CABEZAS, Roberto Colegio San Gabriel, Quito, Ecuador

(16) CAICEDO, Pal Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuadorj

poulmack@hotmaiLcom

(17) CALDERON, Juan Universidad de Guayaquil,

Guayaquil, Ecuadorj jtcalderon(QjgmaiLcom

(18) CAMACHO, Ana Cecilia Colegio 23 de J unio,

Manab, Ecuadorj anace.1960@hotmail.es

(19) CAMPBELL, Charles E. University of Minnesota,

Minneapolis, Minnesota. USAj campbell@umn.edu

(20) CAMPOZANO, Lenin U niversidad del Azuay,

Cuenca, Ecuadorj lenin_camp@yahoo.com

(21) CAMPUZANO, Bayardo Universidad Politecnica Salesiana, Quito, Ecuadorj

gbcampuzano@yahoo.com

(22) CARDENAS, Luisa Mara Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador.

(23) CARDENAS, Victor Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuadorj

victor .cardenas@epn.edu.ec

(24) CHIMBORAZO, Johnny Universidad Politecnica Salesiana,

Quito. Ecuador jchimborazo@yahoo.com.mx

(25) CIFUENTES, Jos Escuela Politecnica Nacional,

Quito, Ecuador.

(26) CLARK, John University of Washington,

St. Louis, Missouri, USAj jwc@wuphys.wustl.edu

(27) COLE, Milton University of Pennsylvania,

University Park, Pennsylvania,

USA; miltoncole@aol.com

(28) CUEVA, Diego SENACYT, Quito, Ecuador; dcueva@senacyt.gov.ec

(29) DAVILA, 1Cichard EPR Travel, Quito, Ecuadorj infor@eprtravel.com

(30) DAS, Mukunda Australian National University,

Canberra, Australiaj mpdl05@physics.anu.edu.au

(31) DE LA CRUZ, Gonzalo Galpagos 439 y Venezuela, Quito, Ecuador.

(32) DE LlANO, Manuel Universidad Autnoma de Mxico,

Mexico City, Mexicoj dellano@servidor.unam.mx

(33) DIAZ, Catalina SENACYT, Quito, Ecuador; cadiaz@senacyt.gov.ec

(34) DIEZ, Natasha lOP Publishing, Mxicoj diez@ioppubusa.com

(35) EISFELD, Alexander Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems,

Dresden, Germanyj eisfeld@pks.mpg.de

(36) ESCOBAR, Carlos

Organizing Committees xiii

Colegio Fiscal Seis de Octubre,

Ventanas, Los Ros, Ecuador

(37) ESTEVES, Carlos Colegio 23 de J unio,

Manab, Ecuadorj carlosesteves@hotmail.com

(38) FAITHFUL, Melanie lOP Publishing, Mxico; faithful@ioppubusa.com

(39) FAZZIO, Adalberto Universidad de Sao Paulo,

Sao Paulo, Brazilj fazzio@if.usp.br

(40) FLORES, Andrea Escuela Politecnica Nacional,

Quito, Ecuador. (41) GONZALEZ, Silvia

Universidad Tecnica Particular,

Loja, Ecuador sgonzalez@utpl.edu.ec

(42) GRANDA, Juan Colegio Nacionalll de Octubre,

Babahoyo, Los Ros, Ecuador.

(43) GUANO, Sonia Universidad Politecnica Salesiana, Quito, Ecuadorj sguano@ups.edu.ec

(44) GUARDERAS, Pedro Escuela Politcnica Nacional,

Quito, Ecuadorj nampfgo@hotmail.com

(45) GUZMAN, Angela Florida Atlantic University,

Miami, Florida, USAj guzman@physics.fau.edu

(46) HALLBERG, Karen Centro At6mico Bariloche,

Bariloche, Argentinej karenhallberg@gmail.com

(47) HERNANDEZ, Guillermo Universidad San Francisco de Quito,

Cumbaya, Ecuadorj

xiv Organizing Committees

ghernandez@usfq.edu.ec

(48) HERNANDEZ, Susana Universidad de Buenos Aires,

Buenos Aires, Argentinej shernand@df.uba.ar

(49) HUREL, Jorge Escuela Superior P olitcnica

Litoral, Guayaquil, Ecuadorj jhurel@espol.edu.ec

(50) IZA, Peter SENACYT, Quito, Ecuador; peter .iza@senacyt.gov.ec

(51) JERVES, Alex Universidad del Azuay,

Cuenca, Ecuadorj

aj erves@uazuay.edu.ec

(52) KOINOV, Zlatko University of Texas,

San Antonio, Texas, USAj

zlatko.koinov@utsa.edu (53) KONNO, Rikio

(59) MALIK, F. Bary University of Illinois at Carbondale,

Carbondale, Illinois, USAj fbmalik@physics.siu.edu

(60) MAMEDOV, Tofik Baskent University,

del Ankara, Turkeyj tmamedov@baskent.edu.tr

(61) MENDEZ, Guillermo Escuela Superior Politcnica del

Ejrcito, Quito, Ecuador. guimencam@hotmaiLcom

(62) MONTENEGRO, Luis Colegio Fiscal Tcnico Agr.j

Mocache, Los Rios, Ecuadorj arturo-montenegro@Yahoo.com

(63) MORALES, Leonardo Pontificia Universidad Catlica,

Quito, Ecuador.

(64) MORALES, Eddie del

Kinki University, 2800 Arima-cho

Kumano-shi, Mie 519-4395,

Escuela Superior Politecnica

Ejrcito, Quito, Ecuador. raulmorales52@hotmail.com

Japanj r-konno@ktc.ac.jp

(54) KROTSCHECK, Eckhard Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austriaj kro@grizzly.tphys.uni-linz.ac.at

(55) LAGOS, Daniel Escuela Politecnica Nacional,

Quito, Ecuadorj daniellagos@hotmaiLcom

(56) LEE, M. Howard University of Georgia,

Athens, Georgia, USAj mhlee@uga.edu

(57) LEMA, Jenny EPR Travel, Quito, Ecuadorj info@eprtraveLcom

(58) LUDENA, Eduardo V. Centro de Qumica, IVIC, Caracas, Venezuelaj popluabe@yahoo.es

(65) MORENO, Carlos Escuela Superior Politecnica del

Litoral, Guayaquil, Ecuadorj cmoreno@espol.eciu.ec

(66) MORETA, Alfonso Privada de Construcciones,

Quito, Ecuadorj

alfonsomoreta@Yahoo.es

(67) NEILSON, David University of Camerino,

Camerino, Italyj david.neilson@unicam.it

(6~) OCAMPO, Galo SENACYT, Quito, Ecuador; gocampo@senacyt.gov.ec

(69) 0 LA, Nelson OLACORPORATION CEO, Quito, Ecuadorj olacorp@email.com