berac meeting, 04/30/03 connecting bucks with the cosmos: six policy questions for the new fiscal...
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
Connecting Bucks with the Cosmos:Six Policy Questions for the New Fiscal Year
Joel ParriottOffice of Management and Budget
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
#1: What is the nature of the Executive Office of the President?
• Office of the Vice President*• Chief of Staff*• Council of Economic Advisers• Council on Environmental Quality• Domestic Policy Council• National Economic Council• National Security Council• Office of Homeland Security• Office of Management and Budget*• Office of National Drug Control Policy* • Office of Science & Technology Policy• Office of the United States Trade Representative*
* Cabinet rank members
EXOP includes:
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
OMB StructurePolitical
• Director & Deputy Directors
• Program Associate Directors – Run the RMOs (next slide)
Career
• Division Associate Directors
• Branch Chiefs
• Program Examiners
There are also important statutory & support offices.
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
OMB Resource Management Office Jurisdiction
• Natural Resource Programs– DOE, NASA, NSF, USDA, EPA
• Human Resource Programs– NIH, DoEd
• General Government Programs– DHS, NOAA, NIST
• National Security Programs– DOD, NNSA
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
#2: How is the President’s Budget sausage made each year?
• Agency internal reviews: March-August• OMB sends guidance to agencies: May/June• Agencies brief OMB: September-October• OMB internal reviews: October-November• OMB response (“passback”): Thanksgiving• Appeal and settling process: Early December-
Early January• Budget numbers & text locked: January• Budget sent to Congress: Early February
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
#3: Are there different colors of money?
OSTP’s Mike Holland (as quoted in Science): “It helps to think of the government as an insurance company with an army.”
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
Federal 2004 Budget($2.2 Trillion in Outlays)
Defense Discretionary
17%
Non-Defense Discretionary
19%
Interest8%Other Mandatory
16%
Medicare/Medicaid19%
Social Security21%
Federal S&T:$60 billion (~15%)
Homeland Security
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
#4: What are the Administration’s priorities for the 2004 Budget?
• Making our people safe
• Strengthening our economy
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
100
0
Baseline
Economic Growth Package
Defense andHomeland Security
Medicare
The Unwelcome Return of DeficitsS
urp
lus(
+)/
Def
icit
(-)
in b
illio
ns
of
do
llars
Education Veterans
Homeownership Global AIDS Initiative
Health Care for the Uninsured Other Priorities
NB: Does not include $79 billion Supplemental Bill for War on Terrorism
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
The 2004 Budget Increase Reflects the Nation’s Priorities
4
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Percentage growth 2003-2004 requests
Budget
Total (Discretionary)
Family Income
Homeland Security
Veterans
AffairsEducation EPA
Operating
Program
State & Int'l Assistance
Nat'l Science
Foundation
Defense
Millennium Challenge Account
Global AIDS
Foreign Military
Diplomatic & Consular
Famine
Other
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
The Big FivePercent Change in S&T Budgets
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
NSF NASA Energy All S&T NIH
Pe
rce
nt
Ch
an
ge
Fro
m 2
00
3 E
na
cte
d
Defense
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
#5: What about the “M” in OMB?
From Examiner Training Materials:“The fact that [a program] ‘serves’ a ‘needy’ population is immaterial to you, if the service is not effective, is not adequately or efficiently provided, or is not worth the investment.”
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
“Government should be results-oriented—guided not by process but by performance.” – George W. Bush
• Most sweeping assessment of federal programs - 234 programs ($494 billion)
• 20% of programs to be added each year
• Introduced this year: Performance Rating Assessment Tool (PART)
• Of the 234 programs, 32 were R&D.
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
Not Just How much but How wellRatings of Sample R&D Programs
EffectiveDOD: Basic ResearchNASA: Mars ExplorationNSF: Tools
Moderately EffectiveDOE: Solar EnergyNSF: Geosciences Directorate
AdequateDOC-NIST: Advanced Technology ProgramDOE: Geothermal EnergyHHS: Translating Research into Practice
Ineffective DOE: Oil Exploration and Production
Results Not DemonstratedDOE: High Energy PhysicsDOI-USGS: National MappingNASA: Space Station
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BERAC Meeting, 04/30/03
#6: Are there policy issues at exceedingly small dollar amounts?
• Priorities, priorities, priorities– If the science community doesn’t set them,
someone else will.
• OSTP-OMB Guidance Memo
• International context
• Interagency cooperation