History of architecture

Architecture of Bernard Tschumi Of spaces and events.

Prashant chavanS.Y.BArch

Bernard Tschumi

Bernard Tschumi is widely recognized as one of today’s foremost architects. First known as a theorist,

In the 1970s he taught at the Architectural Association school in London and during this period he developed the ‘strategy of disjunctions’, a theory based on his belief that contemporary culture and architecture were best expressed by fragmentation as opposed to the classical ideal of unity.

 Tschumi often references other disciplines in his work, such as literature and film, proving that architecture must participate in culture’s polemics and question its foundations. 

Glass video gallery-1990

• The video gallery was the first work to deal with the concept of the envelope. It is about the movement of the body as it travels through the exhibition space and about the enclosure, which is made entirely out of glass held by clips, including its vertical supports and horizontal beams.

Glass video gallery

•  The resulting structure gives priority to the image. The monitors inside provide unstable facades, while the glass reflections create mirages that suggest limitless space. At night, the space becomes an ensemble of mirrors and reflections

Bridge City Lausanne, 1988

• Programmatic and spatial transformations are the basis of the intervention. Instead of adopting the conservative strategy of concentrating only on the lower level of the valley, the project takes advantage of Lausanne's existing bridge typologies by radically extending them

Bridge city-1988

The concept of the urban generator not only creates the possibility of new spatial links within the existing city, but also encourages unpredictable programmatic factors or new urban events, that will inevitably appear in coming decades

Along the valley's north-south axis, the inhabited bridge-cities use the program to link two parts of the city that conflict in both scale and character.

Bridge city

Each bridge accommodates two categories of use: in the core element, public or commercial use, and at the deck level, pedestrian traffic and related uses

Acropolis museum-2001-2009

• Located at the foot of the Acropolis, the site confronted with sensitive archeological excavations, the presence of the contemporary city and its street grid, and the Parthenon itself.

Acropolis museum

Combined with a hot climate in an earthquake region, these conditions moved us to design a simple and precise museum with the mathematical and conceptual clarity of ancient Greece.

Acropolis museum- Plans

Acropolis museum-section and views

Parc de la Villette- 1982-1998

• During the early 1980s, after President Mitterand took office, Paris was undergoing an urban redevelopment as part of city beautification, as well as making Paris a more tourist influenced city. In 1982-3, the Parc de la Villette competition was organized to redevelop the abandoned land from the meat market and slaughterhouses that dated back to 1860

•  La Villette has become known as an unprecedented type of park, one based on “culture” rather than “nature.”

•  Unlike other entries in the competition, Tschumi did not design the park in a traditional mindset where landscape and nature are the predominant forces behind the design [i.e. Central Park].  Rather he envisioned Parc de la Villette as a place of culture where natural and artificial [man-made] are forced together into a state of constant reconfiguration and discovery.

Parc de la Villette• A system of dispersed “points”—the red

enameled steel folies that support different cultural and leisure activities—is superimposed on a system of lines that emphasizes movement through the park

• La Villette could be conceived of as one of the largest buildings ever constructed — a discontinuous building but a single structure nevertheless, overlapping the site’s existing features and articulating new activities

• It opposes the landscape notion of Olmstead, widespread during the 19th century, that “in the park, the city is not supposed to exist.”

• Instead, it proposes a social and cultural park with activities that include workshops, gymnasium and bath facilities, playgrounds, exhibitions, concerts, science experiments, games and competitions

Parc de la VilletteHe designed a number of small experimental constructions that he called ‘follies’, playing on the double meaning of the French word folie as a state of mental imbalance into the pavilion.

Bibliography

• http://www.tschumi.com/projects/17/#• http://www.archdaily.com/61898/new-acropolis-museum-bernard-tschumi-architects/

• http://www.tschumi.com/projects/2/• http://www.tschumi.com/projects/3/

• http://www.archdaily.com/92321/ad-classics-parc-de-la-villette-bernard-tschumi/• http://www.artfact.com/artist/tschumi-bernard-i8y5fdnmw6

• http://www.tschumi.com/bernard-tschumi/

Thank you