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Beyond Agile Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - [email protected] Willem van den Ende – [email protected] 12 March 2008, QCon, London, UK © 2007-2008 Living Software & Piecemeal Growth – Some Rights Reserved Piecemeal Growth Piecemeal Growth Living Software B.V. Living Software B.V. *

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Page 1: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

Beyond AgileBeyond Agile

Cultural Patterns of Software OrganizationsCultural Patterns of Software Organizations

Marc Evers - [email protected] van den Ende – [email protected]

12 March 2008, QCon, London, UK

© 2007-2008 Living Software & Piecemeal Growth – Some Rights Reserved

Piecemeal GrowthPiecemeal GrowthLiving Software B.V.Living Software B.V.

*

Page 2: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

BenefitsBenefits

● Make sense of what's happening Make sense of what's happening ● Understand (sub)culturesUnderstand (sub)cultures

– predict conflictspredict conflicts● Agile in perspectiveAgile in perspective● Situational change strategySituational change strategy● Communication toolCommunication tool

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Page 3: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

About Us

6 Cultural Patterns & Choreographies

Summary

*

Page 4: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

Who we areWho we are

● Willem van den Ende● Puzzling on

– Effective software development– Effective teams

● Independent (Living Software B.V.)– All-hands person– Software development coach– Trainer– Consultant

● Blog: me.andering.com

*

Page 5: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

Who we areWho we are

● Marc EversMarc Evers● IndependentIndependent

– Software development coachSoftware development coach– TrainerTrainer– ConsultantConsultant

● Blog: blog.piecemealgrowth.netBlog: blog.piecemealgrowth.net

www.agileopen.netwww.agileopen.net

Page 6: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

What we doWhat we do

Increase business value from software developmentIncrease business value from software development

andand

helping others do ithelping others do it

throughthrough

Coaching & mentoringCoaching & mentoring

TrainingTraining

FacilitationFacilitation

Organizing conferencesOrganizing conferences

Page 7: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

OriginsOrigins

● Jerry Weinberg - Jerry Weinberg - Quality Software ManagementQuality Software Management – Based on Philip Crosby, Based on Philip Crosby, Quality is FreeQuality is Free

● Systems thinking & systems dynamicsSystems thinking & systems dynamics● Virginia SatirVirginia Satir

Page 8: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

RoutineRoutine

we follow our standard procedureswe follow our standard procedures(except when we panic)(except when we panic)

Page 9: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

RoutineRoutine

● Feedforward control, well known contextFeedforward control, well known context● There is a best way to develop softwareThere is a best way to develop software

– Silver bulletsSilver bullets– MethodologiesMethodologies– We need a tool!We need a tool!

● Management by controllingManagement by controlling● Process orientedProcess oriented

Page 10: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

VariableVariable

we do whatever we feel like at the momentwe do whatever we feel like at the moment

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Page 11: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

VariableVariable

● Close cooperation between customers and Close cooperation between customers and developersdevelopers

● CraftsmanshipCraftsmanship● Hands off managementHands off management● Performance and quality totally dependent on Performance and quality totally dependent on

individualsindividuals● HeroesHeroes

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Page 12: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

Individuals and interactions over processes and tools

Working software over comprehensive documentation

Customer collaboration over contract negotiation

Responding to change over following a plan

*

Page 13: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

VariableVariable RoutineRoutine

*

Page 14: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

SteeringSteering

we choose among our we choose among our routines by the result routines by the result

they producethey produce

Page 15: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

SteeringSteering

● Feedback controlFeedback control● Results orientedResults oriented● Trust basedTrust based● Testing and feedbackTesting and feedback● Act early, act smallAct early, act small● XP, Scrum XP, Scrum

Page 16: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

*

Page 17: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

VariableVariable RoutineRoutine

SteeringSteering

Page 18: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

Towards SteeringTowards Steering

Mental models

VisibilityVisibility

StabilityStability

Page 19: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

Mental modelsMental models

VisibilityVisibility

StabilityStability

Towards SteeringTowards Steering

Page 20: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

Mental modelsMental models

VisibilityVisibility

StabilityStability

Too much deviation: Too much deviation: remove special causes of troubleremove special causes of troubleBut: need deviations for improvement!But: need deviations for improvement!

Towards SteeringTowards Steering

Page 21: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

ObliviousOblivious

we’re not aware that we’re developing softwarewe’re not aware that we’re developing software

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Page 22: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

ObliviousOblivious

● No separation between user and developerNo separation between user and developer● Highly adaptive, highly customer orientedHighly adaptive, highly customer oriented

*

Page 23: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

ObliviousOblivious

VariableVariable RoutineRoutine

SteeringSteering

*

Page 24: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

AnticipatingAnticipating

we establish routines based on our past we establish routines based on our past experience with themexperience with them

Page 25: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

AnticipatingAnticipating

● Consciously managing changeConsciously managing change● Process orientedProcess oriented● Always improving your processesAlways improving your processes

– If it ain't broke, fix itIf it ain't broke, fix it● PracticesPractices

– Retrospectives, scenario planning, risk managementRetrospectives, scenario planning, risk management● Lean Software DevelopmentLean Software Development

Page 26: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

RoutineRoutine

SteeringSteering

AnticipatingAnticipating

ObliviousOblivious

VariableVariable

Page 27: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

ObliviousOblivious

SteeringSteering

AnticipatingAnticipating

VariableVariable RoutineRoutine

**

Page 28: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

AnticipatingAnticipating

being conscious of the different patterns, knowing when they fit and

when it's time to switch

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Page 29: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

CongruentCongruent

everyone is involved in improving everything all everyone is involved in improving everything all the timethe time

culture of ongoing reflection and improvementculture of ongoing reflection and improvement

*

??

Page 30: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

ObliviousOblivious

CongruentCongruentVariableVariable RoutineRoutine

SteeringSteering

AnticipatingAnticipating

Page 31: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

SummarySummary● Routine – bring order to disorderRoutine – bring order to disorder● Variable – value craftsmanship, foster innovationVariable – value craftsmanship, foster innovation● Steering – make extraordinary things ordinarySteering – make extraordinary things ordinary● Oblivious – DIYOblivious – DIY● Anticipating – the art of the long viewAnticipating – the art of the long view● Congruent – transferable cultural practicesCongruent – transferable cultural practices

Find the pattern(s) that fit your contextFind the pattern(s) that fit your context

Page 32: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

Sources & more informationSources & more information● Gerald M. Weinberg, Gerald M. Weinberg, Quality Software ManagementQuality Software Management series series (1991-1997)(1991-1997)

● Gerald M. Weinberg, Gerald M. Weinberg, Secrets of ConsultingSecrets of Consulting (1985) (1985)

● Argyris & SchArgyris & Schöön, n, Organizational Learning IIOrganizational Learning II (1995) (1995)

● Peter M. Senge, Peter M. Senge, The 5The 5thth Discipline Discipline (1994) (1994)

● Virginia Satir et. al., Virginia Satir et. al., The new peoplemakingThe new peoplemaking (1988) (1988)

● www.satirworkshops.com www.satirworkshops.com

check out our forthcoming whitepaper on cultural patterns:check out our forthcoming whitepaper on cultural patterns:

www.systemsthinking.net/publications www.systemsthinking.net/publications

Page 33: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

CopyrightCopyrightThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Netherlands license - This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Netherlands license -

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/nl/http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/nl/

Oblivious © James Craig (CC Attribution) Oblivious © James Craig (CC Attribution) http://flickr.com/photos/peculium_o_jacoba/158710409http://flickr.com/photos/peculium_o_jacoba/158710409

DSCN1528.JPG © Su-Laine (CC Attribution-Share Alike)DSCN1528.JPG © Su-Laine (CC Attribution-Share Alike)http://flickr.com/photos/syeo/150916440/http://flickr.com/photos/syeo/150916440/

Train Ride in Czech Republic © a4gpa (CC Attribution-Share Alike)Train Ride in Czech Republic © a4gpa (CC Attribution-Share Alike)http://flickr.com/photos/a4gpa/1361680149/http://flickr.com/photos/a4gpa/1361680149/

Arvid drives 2 © jimmyrog (CC Attribution-Share Alike)Arvid drives 2 © jimmyrog (CC Attribution-Share Alike)http://flickr.com/photos/jimmyroq/230062873/http://flickr.com/photos/jimmyroq/230062873/

Approach © trekkyandy (CC Attribution-Share Alike)Approach © trekkyandy (CC Attribution-Share Alike)http://flickr.com/photos/trekkyandy/1639793903/http://flickr.com/photos/trekkyandy/1639793903/

Page 34: Beyond Agile - jaoo.dkjaoo.dk/.../MarcEvers_PeopleVsProcess-BeyondAgile.pdf · Beyond Agile Cultural Patterns of Software Organizations Marc Evers - marc@piecemealgrowth.nl Willem

CMM?CMM?ObliviousOblivious

CongruentCongruentVariableVariable

SteeringSteering

AnticipatingAnticipating

55

00

33

11

44

RoutineRoutine22