bhasma standardization
TRANSCRIPT
BHASMIKARAN AND STANDARDIZTION TECHNIQUE
DR. NILKANTH S. KHADTAR
M.D. (sch)
Purushoym Lokasmmit: ….. || Ch. Sh. 5/4
Elements IN Univerce = Body Elements
Lohanam Maranam Srestham Sarvesam Rasabhasmana||
CHRONOLOGYIn Vedic period: Atharvaveda :-Swarna(Dakshayani Hiranya) for
internal useIn Samhita Kala: CHARAK:-Lohadi Rasayana, Dwitiya Indrokta
Rasayana SUSRUT:-Ayaskriti A. HRIDAY:-Anjana Nirmana with incinerate Of
Sisaka, Gandhaka ,Tamra, Haratala, Vanga and Anjana IN Andhamusha
7th century to 14th century:golden age of Rasashastra
Rasarnava detailed description regarding the incineration method
DEFINATION Maran literally means killing
The process which converts the purified metals and minerals into Bhasma after subjecting them to levigation (Bhavana) with Swarasa (Juice) and Agni Samyoga (Puta) is called Marana (incineration)
Yadavji trikamji
Marana is a process of transformation by which purified and detoxified materials are transformed into absorbable, adaptable and assimable form.
Objectives :
Reduction in particle size. Elimination of certain unwanted elements. Transformation into suitable compound form. To make the material non-irritant to the G.I.
tract. To increase potency and quality of the
material. Conversion into absorbable, adaptable and
assimilable form. To make the material suitable for therapeutic
uses.
ACCOUTREMENTS FOR MARANA Yantras
Kharala Yantra - for Mardana and Bhavana Sarava Samputa - (putayantra) Andh Musa - Bhasma Yantra Kosthi
Puta: Mahaputa , gajaput etc.
Maraka Dravya: Herbal drugs, Gandhak,Ariloha.
METHADOLOGY1. Shodhana 2. Jarana 3. Bhavana 4. Chakrika Nirmana 5. Puta (Agni Samyoga)6. Swangasheeta (Self-cooling7. Kuttanam (pestling) 8. Samrakshana
Shodhana :
It is a process of purification and detoxification by which physical and chemical impurities and toxic materials are eliminated and substances are subjected for further processing.
It is the process bringing about physical and chemical changes
Eliminates : Natural impurities Physical impurities Chemical impurities
Jarana :To obtain powder form of Putiloha
Bhavana : process of wet grinding in which materials are ground with particular liquid media for a specific period facilitates in easy absorption or further processing.
Cakrika: Agglomeration process that converts fine powders or granules of bulk drugs into small free flowing spherical units ranging in size from 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
Puta: Device by which one can judge that Samyaka Paka of the drug is occurred. This Paka is achieved by Agni created with the help of Cowdung cakes.
Swangasheeta (Self-cooling): Kuttanam (pestling): Samrakshana:
Significance of Marana Process The process of Marana is having its own importance among all
other KalpanasSubstance before Marana
Substance after Marana
Heaviness Lightness Hardness SoftnessMacroform MicroformRoughness SmoothnessNot assimilable form
More assimilable form
Not potent form More potent form ,Enhance the property of substance,Stable for longer time, Lesser dose required,Rapid spreading through the body andrapid relief
CLASSICAL ANALYTICAL PARAMETERS OF BHASMA
SrNo.
Pattern of examination
Property of Bhasmato be examined
Quality of Bhasma
1 Darshana (inspection)
General features Nishchandra (metallic ustreless)
Colour As per molecule
2 Sparsha(touch)
Mardana (rubbing) Rekhapurnata (filling the furrows of inger tips) Slakshnatvam (smoothness). Anjanasannibha (as soft and smooth as collirium)
3 Rasa (taste) Taste GataRasatva (tastelessness)
4 Special test Water test Varitara (floats on water surface),Unam test.
contact with MitraPanchaka
Apunarbhavata (irreversible to original metallic state)
In contact with Rajata (silver coin)
Niruttha (cannot be retrieved
Physicochemical parameters
Physical parameters Chemical parameters
Varitara Varna
Unam test, GataRasatvam ,
Rekhapurnata Nishchandratvam
Slakshnatvam Apunarbhavata
Susukshma , Niruttha
Anjana Sannibha . Nirdhumatvam
Analytical tests
Organoleptic characters: Sound : The Bhasma should have
imperceptible sound on grinding the Bhasma between teeth.
Colour : depends Touch - Soft ~ Imperceptible coarseness in
the Bhasma Taste - The Bhasma should be tasteless Odour - The Bhasma should be odourless
Physico-chemical parameters
pH :
Ash Value (AV):
Acid Insoluble Ash (AIA) :
Particle Size Distribution
X-ray Diffraction
Inductively Coupled Plasma - Emission Spectroscopy
UV-Visible Spectrophotometry