(bi) needs and experience with cameras in radioactive e nvironment

(BI) Needs and Experience with

Cameras in Radioactive Environment

Stephane Burger BE BI-PM

BI review on Radiation development and testing 22nd of November 2013

• Projects involving camera in BI• Instrument locations• Camera types• BI infrastructure for video• Coping with radiation• Dosimetry• Remarks on optics• What next…

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(BI) Needs and Experience with Cameras in Radioactive Environment S.Burger

BI projects involving cameraBI mandate is to provide to OP parameters of the beam:

- Position- Size- Profile- Length- (intensity), etc…

Camera is one of the obvious detector used to determine these parameters.Beam related systems:

→ Beam Gaz Ionization (also known as IPM) x6→ Beam Synchrotron Radiation Telescope x6→ Beam TV ~200

Non beam related system (supervision):→ ISOLDE target area x5→ AD target area x2

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Instrument LocationsLocation Radiation level Observation system

Injection regionHigh

(or potentially high)

Rad Ejection region

Spectrometer lines

Target / Dump area

Transfer lines Low Any

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Camera types (1)Analogue CCD

From 0.001 and 0.1 lux minimum sensitivityBetween 50 and 56 dB S/NMax total dose is 0.01MRadsSANYO VCB-3385P → now out of the marketWATEC 902-H3 Ultimate(Mainly used in transfer lines or if needed and feasible with shielding)

DigitalPerformances are much higher (image rate, resolution, etc…)More digital electronics → More sensitive than CCD at least to SEUCommonly used for instrumentation in electron machines (synchrotron) but radiation is less a issueVery little experience

SANYO

WATEC~300CHF ~450CHF

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Camera types (2)ThermoScientific

CID8712MCID technology Sensitivity ~15 to 20x lower than analogue CCD47dB S/NMax total dose is 1MRads Remote head + Control Unit; max length 50 meters

SIRA APS250CMOS technologySensitivity 0.2 luxMax total dose between 5MRadsRemote head + Control Unit, max length 40 metersNot available anymore !

~10KCHF

B/W ~9KCHF

Color ~15KCHF

~4KCHF

CID8726DXCID technology Sensitivity 1lux ~10 time lower than analogue CCD45dB S/NMax total dose is 3MRads Remote head + Control Unit, max length 150 meters

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Camera types (3)DIAKONT

STAR Sensitivity 24 lux47dB S/N, 5KgMax total dose is 10MRads

AHLBERGN129ZMR colorMax total dose 1MRads13.5KgRemote control for zoom, focus and iris Compatible with the H250DC Pan & Tilt unit

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~35KCHF

With pan

and tilt unit

N71ZCMR colorMax total dose 0.13MRadsSensitivity 10 lux

D40Tube basedSensitivity 16 lux46dB S/NMax total dose is 200MRads

~80KCHF

With accessories

Source: Marco Calviani

Camera types (4)CERN homemade tube based camera

- 40 (?) years old design- Tube is VIDICON type 1293SF (front window made of non browning material) - Has been renewed for consolidation (components obsolescence) from time to time.- Sensitivity: 20 to 100x lower than CCD (~10 lux)- The most radiation hard (>100e6Rads) due to its design with no active component.

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Drawback: - VIDICON Tube limited lifetime (2000hrs)- Not produced anymore !!

Camera types (5)Camera ‘Map’

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BI infrastructure for videoWhatever type of camera used, the system is based on analogue video transmission:

Technical gallery Tunnel/Machine

VME based electronics(Control and Video acquisition)

CablingUp to 1200m

Interface box

CCDCCD box = electronics

Commercial RAD

CCD box = electronics

RAD box = Patch

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RAD tube

Coping with radiation3 parameters:- Rad Hard product (low

performance)- Shielding (not feasible

everywhere)- Distance (means optical

line to build → not feasible everywhere + costly)

Example in CTF3:- Need precise measurement that a

Radiation hard camera could not match

- Optical line to increase the beampipe / camera distance

- Shielding is feasible (effective with few cm of lead)

→ Compromise between performance, radiation level, space available, optical line length, etc…)BI

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We have put into place a radiation ‘survey’ on each BTV- A dosimeter is installed on each camera- This dosimeter is replaced:

- each time we replace a camera- every year during the shutdown

- This survey permits to:- have statistics- define whether we could /should go to

another type of observation system

- This system is in parallel with the RP general radiation survey

DosimetryBI

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Remarks on opticsWe want to avoid S/N degradation.

Noise ↗ electronics issue under radiation Signal ↘ optics issue under radiationUsing imaging system, it is important to take care of optics under radiation.Standard (glass) optical items (camera lenses, lenses, optical density filter, viewports, etc…) get brown under radiation, reducing the amount of light that is collected to the detector.Example in CTF3*.

CLS.MTV 0440 after 2 years of operation at 1-5 Hz→ More than 55% transmission losses

CLS.MTV1030 after 3 weeks at 33Hz operation→ More than 40% transmission losses

Example in CPS.Viewport ofBTP.BTV10

3 years of operation

Viewport of FT16.MTV107

4 years of operation

Fuse silicate or quartz material are commonly used to overcome this issue (budget impact).

*”On the Replacement of the Achromats in a Standard Beam Observation System at CTF3 by Fused Silicate Lenses.” CTF3-Note-077 C.P. Welsch, E. Bravin, T. LefèvreCERN, Geneva, Switzerland

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What next… BI

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- VIDICON issue to be solved (new production, new tube, etc… ?)

- Analogue cameras will also no longer be available on the market or difficult to procure

→ keep an eye on these products on the market

→ make large reserve→ think of building our own CCD camera

- Systematic measurements on cameras using the RADWG network

- Follow the market on RAD imaging system→ Homemade RAD hard camera ?

Thanks for your attention

(bi) needs and experience with cameras in radioactive e nvironment

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