Bi-Weekly Safety MeetingOctober 30, 2015

OSHA Standard• The Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) is an

OSHA regulation intended to prevent adverse health effects of hazardous materials in the workplace.

• It requires chemical manufacturers, suppliers, and importers to assess the hazards of the chemicals they produce or import, and to inform employers, customers, and workers of these hazards.

OSHA StandardHCS specifies that information on chemical hazards be provided through the following:

access to safety data sheets (SDS)properly labeled chemical containersappropriate training on chemical hazards and safe work procedures

• Safety Data Sheets (SDS) - formerly Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) - are the backbone of the Hazardous Communication System.

• They provide comprehensive and specific information used not only by workplaces that manufacture, use, transport or store hazardous chemicals, but also by emergency responders, poison control centers, and transporters of dangerous goods.

MSDS = SDS

Safety Data SheetsThe information contained in the SDS is presented in a consistent user-friendly, 16-section format:• Sections 1 through 8

• contain general information about the chemical, identification, hazards, composition, safe handling practices, and emergency control measures (e.g., fire fighting).

• Sections 9 through 11, and 16 • contain other technical and scientific information, such as physical

and chemical properties, stability and reactivity information, toxicological information, and exposure control information

• Sections 12 through 15• to be consistent with the UN GHS system, but OSHA will not

enforce the content of these sections because they concern matters handled by other agencies.

PictogramsNine hazard pictograms that correspond with the health and physical hazards, and are intended to help workers determine chemical hazards at a glance.

Sample SDS

Chemicals are classified according to two types of hazards:

1. HEALTH• toxic effects on the body causing damage to skin, eyes,

or lungs through corrosion• encouraging the development of cancer or other serious

health conditions2. PHYSICAL

• fire, explosion, or other violent reaction

Hazard Classification

Health Hazards• Acute Toxicity• Skin Corrosion/Irritation• Serious Eye Damage/Eye

Irritation• Respiratory or Skin Sensitization• Germ Cell Mutagenicity• Carcinogenicity• Reproductive Toxicity• Target Organ Systemic Toxicity –

Single and Repeated Dose• Aspiration Toxicity

Health Hazards cont’d…

Health Effects can be Local or SystemicLocal The site on the body at which a toxic material makes

contact with a harmful effect.

Systemic Occurs when a toxic material is absorbed into the body and carried into the blood stream to produce a harmful effect on organs and body systems.

Health Effects can be Acute or ChronicAcute Effects that are severe and sudden in onset. They

appear immediately after an exposure of short duration.

Chronic Effects that develop slowly and do not appear for months or years after long-term exposure.

Health Hazards cont’d…

Health Hazards cont’d…• Routes of Entry

– Lungs (inhalation)– Skin (absorption)– Mouth (ingestion)– Eyes

Physical Hazards• Explosives• Flammability – gases, aerosols, liquids, solids• Oxidizers – liquid, solid, gases• Self-Reactive • Pyrophoric – liquids, solids• Self-Heating• Organic Peroxides• Corrosive to Metal• Gases Under Pressure• Water-Activated Flammable Gases

Labels• Labels are attached to containers to provide workers

with “at a glance” information about chemical hazards.

• They are limited in the amount of information they present and are designed to provide a brief summary of the more detailed information available on the SDS or MSDS.

Labels Should Contain:1. Product Identifier – Should match the product

identifier on the Safety Data Sheet2. Signal Word – Either use “Danger” (severe) or

“Warning” (less severe)

3. Hazard Statement – A phrase assigned to a hazard class that describes the nature of the product’s hazards

4. Precautionary Statements – Describes recommended measures to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure

5. Supplier Identification – Name, address, and telephone number of the manufacturer or supplier.

6. Pictograms – Graphical symbols intended to convey specific hazard information visually

Information & Definitions on Determining Exposure

Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)The PEL is the maximum concentration of an airborne contaminant to which an unprotected worker may be exposed during the course of workplace activities.

PEL Ceiling ValueThe concentration of a substance that should not be exceeded at any time.

Concentration – Parts Per Million (PPM)The concentration of a substance is a measure of the "strength" of that substance and can be measured different ways:

% = Parts per hundredPPM = Parts per millionPPB = Parts per billion

Information & Definitions on Determining Exposure cont’d…

Time Weighted Average (TWA)• PELs are based on a time weighted

average (TWA) exposure.• A TWA is the average exposure over a

specified period of time, usually a nominal eight hours.

• This means that, for limited periods, a worker may be exposed to concentrations higher than the PEL, so long as the average concentration over eight hours remains lower.

Below are some examples of hazardous substances found at Mangan’sclient sites, including their uses and health effects. Know the proper PPE, First Aid, and the site procedure to follow when working near or encountering hazardous chemicals:

BENZENE (C6H6)A colorless or light yellowish liquid with an aromatic odor. The highest concentrations of about 5% are found at the Reformers.

USES: Found in crude oil and refinery streams, as a component of gasoline and feedstock for the manufacture of plastics, detergents, pesticides, and other chemicals.

HEALTH EFFECTS:

Skin – irritation or dermatitisCentral Nervous System - headache, dizziness, drowsiness, unconsciousness, deathChronic (long-term) exposure - Cancer causing agent of the blood-forming system with blood changes, leukemia and aplastic anemia

AMMONIA (NH3)A colorless gas with a pungent, suffocating odor and is easily liquefied under pressure and stored in tanks.

USES: Neutralizing agent, corrosion control, air pollution control, de-waxing of lubrication oils, manufacture/recovery of cracking catalysts

HEALTH EFFECTS:

Inhalation: Throat and respiratory irritant (cough, chest tightness). Delayed symptoms: shortness of breath, pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs)Ammonia in Solution: Irritation and burns to the eye (corneal ulcers and opacity)

HYDROGEN SULFIDE (H2S)A colorless, flammable gas with an odor of rotten eggs – also called sewer or stink gas.

USES: A component in crude oil; an undesirable byproduct whenever sulfur or sulfur compounds are present with organic compounds at high temperatures; present in crude distillation, catalytic cracking and reforming, hydrogenation,

HEALTH EFFECTS:

Exposure to high concentrations can cause respiratory arrest in minutes. At low levels: headache; dizziness; nausea; eye, throat, skin and respiratory

irritation

CIP 100Proprietary blend of Potassium Hydroxide.

USES: Cleaning agent utilized in the biopharmaceutical industry.

HEALTH EFFECTS:

Corrosive to eyes, causes burns. Mists of dilution cause irritation.May cause severe irritation or burns.Corrosive to mouth, throat, and stomach.

Liquid NitrogenRefrigerated liquefied gas.

USES: Medical applications, industrial use, food applications.

HEALTH EFFECTS:

Contact with liquid may cause cold burns/frostbiteAsphyxiant in high concentrations

Your Right To Know…

• Our clients provide SDSs for the contractors and employees who work on their sites.

• It is every employee’s responsibility to know the location of the SDSs for the sites they work at.

• Site orientation, the project JSA, and personal SMART cards are tools to help us to remember to remain up to date on the location of this vital information.

Resources

Policies are located on the Google Safety Resource Center site.

• MSP-209, Hazard Communication– A , H2S– B, Asbestos– C, Benzene– D, Lead