• Bias: unfairly favoring something/someone over something/one else

• Culture: everything made, learned, shared by members of a society

• Discrimination: the treatment of a person based on the group/class/category to which he/she belongs

• Diversity: recognizing and appreciating the variety of characteristics that make individuals unique

• Ethnicity: classification based on a shared common culture • Race: classification based on physical appearance• Prejudice: an unfavorable opinion or feeling formed

beforehand or without knowledge, thought or reason.

Intro to SociologyIntro to Sociology

Essential QuestionsEssential Questions Copy on a separate sheet of paper

EQ 1: Comparison: How are natural sciences and social sciences different?

True or FalseTrue or FalseOn same sheet, copy and answer

after you take your notes:◦Sociologists concentrate on the

individual not the group.◦Sociology has little in common with

other social sciences.

In groups, try to define the In groups, try to define the following wordsfollowing wordsNatural Science-Social Science-

Natural Science v. Social ScienceNatural Science v. Social Science(T-Chart in your notes)(T-Chart in your notes)

Natural Science Social Science

PPut these words in the T-Chartut these words in the T-ChartUsing your own knowledge, try to determine which are Using your own knowledge, try to determine which are social and which are natural sciences. social and which are natural sciences.

BiologyAnthropologyEconomicsPsychologyChemistryPhysicsHistoryGeologyPolitical scienceSociology

Social Science: the study of various aspects of human social behavior

Anthropology: the study of humans, past & present

Economics: study of the choices people make in an effort to satisfy their wants and needs

Psychology: study of behavior and mental functions

History: study of past events

Political science: study of the state, government and politics

Sociology: the study of human society

Section 1Section 1Why are you the way that you

are?◦Write 5 words to describe you!

Our daily lives shape our view of the world.◦Makes us Diverse

Sociology- study of society (behavior, interaction, relationships). ◦Why do you think sociology is

important? (Pair-Share)

Section 1-Notes Section 1-Notes Society: collection of people with

territory, interaction, and cultureSociologists- mainly interested in

social interaction. Sociologists focus on group

rather than the individual. Sociologists examine social

phenomena- observable facts or events that involve human society.

Section I NotesSection I Notes

By adopting a sociological perspective- you can look beyond commonly held beliefs to the hidden meanings behind human actions.◦Tells you that your behavior is influenced by social factors and that you have learned your behavior from others.

◦Help you find acceptable balance between your personal desires and your social environment.

• Seeing the general in the particular. Sociologists seek out general patterns in the behavior of particular people.

• Although every individual is unique, a society shapes the lives of its members (marrying for love in the US vs. a traditional village in rural Pakistan)

• Seeing the strange in the familiar: challenging the idea that we live our lives in terms of what we decide, considering instead the initially strange notion that society shapes our experiences.

• Ex: If we said: “You fit all the right social categories; that means you would make a wonderful husband!”

• When we ask why someone “chose” to go to a certain college. Isn’t it strange to assume that college is simply a matter of personal choice? Especially because someone who comes from a family earning $75,000/yr is 3x more likely to go to college than someone from a family that earns less than $20,000

Section 1 Notes Section 1 Notes Sociological imagination- The

ability to see the connection between the larger world and your personal life◦Developed by C. Wright Mills:

American sociologist◦“The capacity to range from the

most personal topics to the most intimate features of the human self-and to see the relationships between the two.”

Sociological Imagination is a mindset for “doing” sociology. It stresses connecting individual experiences to societal relationships.

Sociologists must "translate private troubles into public issues," which is something that is very difficult for ordinary citizens to do.

EQs and True/False statements

http://youtu.be/y-2iDdR9ihg

SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGE OF THE DAY

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Homework: • Write about a “private trouble” that

should be a public issue. The DNC is in town and there’ll be a lot of politicians talking about a variety of different issues. What is one issue that you’d want them to talk about? How does it relate to your life? (1 Paragraph)

Wednesday/ThursdayWednesday/ThursdayChapter 1 Section 2Chapter 1 Section 2PreviewingAnalysis: Outline the 5 sociologists

and categorize them by their theories as group study or individuals

Inference: Based on your readings what can you conclude about current perspectives compared to early perspective of sociology?

Sociological Imagination Sociological Imagination Activity Activity Complete the Following Activator Activity in Your

Notes IN YOUR WORDS:1.  What is a peer group?

2.  What role does the peer group play in adolescence?3.  What contributes to the formation of peer groups?4.  Name two common peer groups observed during adolescence. Explain the difference between the two.5.  Describe a clique and a crowd that you observe at your school. How do these affect you and your own peer group? Write a four sentence paragraph discussing your experiences.◦S 1-Introduction of two peer groups◦S 2- describe group one◦S 3- describe group two◦S 4- describe why you are a member of either

or are not a member

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Section 2-NotesSection 2-NotesSociology developed in 1800s.Factors that led to development of

Sociology◦Rapid social and political changes in Europe

◦Industrial Revolution◦Factory replaced home manufacturing

◦Urban populations◦Housing shortages◦Crime increased◦Pollution◦Demand for individual liberty and rights

◦American and French Revolutions

Section 2Section 2Complete the chart to compare

the main “Early Sociologists”

Read p. 10-14 and take DETAILED notes on these Sociologists and their theories

August Comte

Herbert Spencer

Karl Marx Emile Durkheim

Max Webber

Current PerspectivesCurrent PerspectivesTheory- explanation of relationships

among a particular phenomenon. Sociologists develop theories to guide their work.

Theoretical Perspective- (school of thought) provide a foundation for their inquiries. Outlines specific ideas about the nature of life.

Three Theoretical Three Theoretical PerspectivesPerspectives1. Functionalist

2. Conflict

3. Interactionist

Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist PerspectiveBased on ideas of Comte, Spencer,

Durkheim.View society as a set of interrelated

parts that work together to produce a stable social system.

Society is held together through consensus.

Dysfunction-the negative consequence an element has for the stability of the social system (crime). Disrupt society, not stabilize it.

Manifest function- intended and recognized consequence of some element of society. (car provided speedy transportation)

Latent function- unintended and unrecognized consequence of an element of society. (car provided social status or popularity)

Conflict PerspectiveConflict PerspectiveFocuses on the forces in society

that promote competition and change

Relationships among racial groups

Disputes - disagreementsCompetition over scarce

resources (power/wealth) is at the basis of social conflicts

Those in power tend to establish rules and procedures to protect their interests.

Those with less power tend to try to gain access to those resources they desire

Functionalists and conflict theorists usually focus on society in general or on specific groups within society.

Sociologists who use an interactionist perspective focus on how individuals interact with each other in society.

Interactionist PerspectiveInteractionist PerspectiveInterested in how individuals

respond to each other

Symbol - anything that represents something else, but members in society must agree on the symbol (middle finger)

Symbolic interaction- how people use these symbols when interacting

Something as simple as…a Something as simple as…a license platelicense plate

Functionalism: •manifest function:  license plates were created to track vehicle registrations •latent function: license plates are collectibles

Conflict:•The state makes car owners and renters have plates to keep track of us--that shows us the power of the state.  •If we have some higher economic power, we can obtain personalized plates

Interactionism:•every car is supposed to have one--if we have a generic one created by the state, we are simply illustrating our conformity to the role of auto-owner or renter.  •If we have a personalized plate style, we are symbolically communicating our support of whatever cause the plate is showing the world.  •If we have a personalized plate the has unique letter/number combinations that spell something such as "SOCTCHR," we are sending a symbolic message about who we are and that we are rich enough and clever enough to have this special plate.

As a sociologist, you see:A rich man driving an expensive vehicle.

How would a Functionalist view it?

How would a Conflict theorist view it?

How would an Interactionist view it?

Assessment PromptAssessment PromptTURN TO P.3 in your textWhich of the 3 theoretical

perspective should you use?Select one of the issues from p. 3

in “Life In Society”. Choose 1 of the paragraphs to read

and write 3 Sentences about the topic◦1st how would a functionalist focus on

the topic?◦2nd what would a conflict theorist be

interested?◦3rd what would an interactionist focus

on?

Exploring Cultural Diversity Exploring Cultural Diversity Activity Activity Read p 18-19 and compare and contrast

Harriet Martineau and Jane Addams.Option #1 You are newspaper columnists

and you have traveled back in time to interview one of these two women. Partner up. One of you will write 5 questions for Martineau and one of you will write 5 questions for Addams.