CATALOGUES, COLLECTIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES

ABKHAZIJA I ABKHAZY V SREDNEVEKOVYKH GRUZINSKIKH POVESTVOVATEL'NYKH ISTOCHNIKAKH [Abkhazia and the Abkhazians in Georgian narrative sources of the Middle Ages]. G. AMICHBA. TBILISI, 1988.A COMPREHENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE KABARDIAN LANGUAGE. COLLECTED AND PREPARED BY AMJAD JAIMOUKHA. PUBLISHED ON THE NET. {Only works in Western European languages are included}A COMPREHENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORKS ABOUT THE KHAZARS 1895-1999. KEVIN BROOK. PUBLISHED ON THE NET. {"Includes citations and summaries of books and articles in the field of Khazar studies, examining issues like Khazar culture, North Caucasian trade routes, medieval documents, and the structure of Khazar settlements and fortresses in the North Caucasus... This is still under development, but all data will be online in April. Eventually there will be several hundred entries." These comments were received from the author by e-mail. This work bridges a gaping chasm in North Caucasian history. Hopefully it would spur more interest in, and research on, the Khazar Empire}A COMPREHENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORKS ON KABARDIAN PROVERBS AND SAYINGS. COLLECTED AND PREPARED BY AMJAD JAIMOUKHA. PUBLISHED ON THE NET AT THE END OF CIRCASSIAN PROVERBS AND SAYINGS. {Includes 13 works: one in English, Kabardian and Russian, four in Kabardian and Russian, the rest in Kabardian}ADIGII, BALKARTSE I KARACHAIVTSE V IZVESTIYAKH EVROPEISKIKH AVTOROV XIII-XIX vv. COLLECTED BY V. G. KARDAN. NAL'CHIK, 1974. {Circassians, Balkars and Karachais in (the Works of) Famous European Writers. Comments by collector. 634 pages}A SHORT BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SOME RECENT ARTICLES ON OIL, GAS AND ECOLOGY IN THE CAUCASUS AND CASPIAN LITTORAL. PUBLISHED ON THE NET AS AN ADJUNCT TO THE CONFERENCE: THE GEOPOLITICS OF OIL, GAS AND ECOLOGY IN THE CAUCASUS AND CASPIAN SEA, BY THE BERKELEY PROGRAM IN SOVIET & POST-SOVIET STUDIES AND THE CENTER FOR SLAVIC & EAST EUROPEAN STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY, 1998.BIBLIOGRAFIA CAUCASICA ET TRANSCAUCASICA. M. M. MIANSAROV. OPYT SPRAVOCHNOGO SISTEMATICHESKOGO KATALOGA PECHATNYM SOCHINENIIAM O KAVKAZE, ZAKAVKAZ'I I PLEMENACH ETI KRAIA NASELIAIUSHCHIK. St. PETERSBURG: TIPOGRAFIIA O.I. BAKSTA I GOGENFEL'DEN I KOMP., 1874-76. T. 1, OTD. 1, 2. SPB., 1967. (848 pages). {No more published. Still a fundamental bibliography. The volume published covers geography, ethnography, travels, antiquities, numismatics and history.}BIBLIOGRAFICHESKII UKAZATEL' LITERATURY O KUBANSKOI OBLASTI, KUBANSKOMKAZACH'EM VOISKE I CHERNOMORSKOI GUBERNII [KUBANSKII SBORNIK, 5-6, EKATERINODAR, 1899-1900], E. D. FELITSYN.BIBLIOGRAFICHESKII UKAZATEL' RUSSKOI ETNOGRAFICHESKOI LITERATURY O VNESHNEMBYTE NARODOV ROSSI, 1700-1910, D. K. ZELENIN. ZAPISKI IMPERATORSKOGO RUSSKOGO GEOGRAFICHESKOGO OBSHCHESTVA PO OTDELENIIU ETNOGRAFII, Vol. 40: 1, SPb., 1913. {CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO SUBJECTS AND SECONDARILY TO PEOPLES, THOSE OF THE CAUCASUS BEING CONSIDERED TOGETHER; ONLY THE SECTION ON ECONOMY HAS A BREAKDOWN ACCORDING TO POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS. ENTRIES 804-21: BIBLIOGRAPHIES ON THE PEOPLES OF THE CAUCASUS}BIBLIOGRAFIIA IAZYKOVEDCHESKOI LITERATURY OB IBERIISKO-KAV-KAZSKIKH IAZYKAKH, I. IZD. KAF. KAVK. IAZ. TBIL. GOS. UNIV. IM STALINA. TIFLIS, 1958.BIBLIOGRAFIIA KUBANSKOGO KRAIA [SISTEMATICHESKII UKAZATEL' LITERATURY O KUBANSKOI OBLASTI S RETSENZIIAMI I REFERATAMI, VYP. 1-4, EKATERINODAR, 1918-19], B. M. GORODETSKII."BIBLIOGRAFIIA PO ETNOGRAFII I LINGVISTIKE KAVKAZA", KUL'TURA I PIS'MENNOST' GORSKIKH NARODOV SEVERNOGO KAVKAZA. BELIAEV. ROSTOV, 1931, PP. 71-145. {Bibliography of the Ethnography and Linguistics of the Caucasus. The Culture and Literature of the Mountain Peoples of the Northern Caucasus. "Not all Russian and other authors are indicated" - R. Traho}BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LITERATURE WRITTEN UNDER THE MAMLUKS. REFER TO DONALD P. LITTLE'S AN INTRODUCTION TO MAMLUK HISTORIOGRAPHY. WIESBADEN: FRANZ STEINER VERLAG, 1970.BIBLIOGRAPHIE. DEPARTMENT OF CAUCASIAN STUDIES, HEIDELBERG UNIVERSITY. PUBLISHED ON THE NET.BIBLIOGRAPHIE (Monographien). Neue Kaukasische Post, Nummer 4, August 1997.BIBLIOGRAPHIE ANALYTIQUE DES OUVRAGES DE M. MARIE-FELICITE BROSSET. SPb., 1887. {Lists not only works by Brosset but also a large number of West European and Russian publications. Annotated}BIBLIOGRAPHIE DE LA CAUCAS(I)E. T. I, PAR LE COMITE DES MIGRS CIRCASSIENS. CONSTANTINOPLE, 1919.BIBLIOGRAPHIE DER TSCHERKESSEN. zbek, Batray. Ankara 1997. (= Ethnographie der Tscherkessen 5). {Laut ihrer Einleitung umfasst die Bibliographie ca. 3000 Titel. Sie ist zusammengestellt aus der Datensammlung Dr. Landmanns (Heidelberg), die dem Autor zur Verfgung gestellt wurde, sowie aus Ergnzungen, die der Autor aus folgenden Quellen zusammengetragen hat: 1. Bibliographischen Verffentlichungen: Miansorof, M.: Bibliographia Caucasica et Transcaucasica. St. Petersburg, 1874-1876. Nachdruck Amsterdam, 1967; Orientalische Bibliographie. Berlin, 1881-1911, 25 Bde.; Bibliographie Nationale, 1897-1981; British Museum General Cataloge. London 1965-1966; Traho, Ramazan: Literature on Circassia and the Circassians. In: CR 1, S. 145-162 Mnchen, 1955; Berzig, Vedat: Trkiyede Kuzey Kafkasya ilgili yaynlar bibliyorafyas 1, 1928-1966, Samsun 1986. 2. den Universittsbibliotheken, Institutsbibliotheken und Staatsbibliotheken von Heidelberg, Gttingen, Hamburg, Berlin, Freiburg und Wien, der Bibliothek des British Museum und des in Amman/Jordanien ttigen tscherkessischen Kulturvereins. 3. den Bibliographien zahlreicher wissenschaftlicher Werke und Zeitschriften, unter anderem, Luzbetak, Lois J. Lavrova, L.I. Klimov, G.V. Caucasica, Caucasian Revue, Yeni Kafkasya und Kafkasya usw... Es wurden nur solche Publikationen ausgewhlt, die sich mit dem Nordwestkaukasus bzw. Nordkaukasus beschftigen. Als Orientierung dienten geographischen Namen wie Tuaps, Kuban, Abzib, Anapa, Schwarzes Meer und Namen von Stmmen wie Abedzech, Beslenej, Abchaz, Tapanta usw... Als Tscherkessen verstehe ich vorrangig die Adygejisch sprechenden Vlkerschaften. Dazu gehren selbstverstndlich auch die Ubychen, die ihre Sprache verlernt haben, aber mehrheitlich die adygejische Sprache und zum Teil auch die abchasische sprechen. [...] Ferner habe ich die Publikationen ber Abchasen, Osseten, Tschetschenen und Inguschen, Lesgier und Dagestaner aufgenommen. Diese werden im offiziellen Gebrauch in der Trkei als Tscherkessen aufgefhrt. Gegenber Fremden geben sie sich auch als Tscherkessen aus und arbeiten in den Nordkaukasischen Vereinen in der Diaspora zusammen [...]. (Einleitung, S. V)... Die Bibliographie enthlt ausserdem Verffentlichungen aus dem zaristischen Russland, aus osmanischer Zeit sowie die Publikationen der tscherkessischen Diaspora und in verschiedenen europischen Sprachen bis 1996."- BIBLIOGRAPHIE (Monographien). Neue Kaukasische Post, Nummer 4, August 1997}BIBLIOGRAPHIE FRANCAIS DE LA GEORGIE [REVUE DES BIBLIOTHEQUES, Vol. 38-39. PARIS, 1931-32], SH. BERIDZE.BIBLIOGRAPHY. COMPILED AND EDITED BY KLAUS RASMUSSEN, DANISH ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH ON THE CAUCASUS, DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN. PUBLISHED ON THE NET. {About 700 books, articles and other sources mainly on Georgia, Abkhazia and South Ossetia. 35 pages of print}BIBLIOGRAPHY -- GEORGIA (CAUCASUS). LIBRARY OF COONGRESS. FEDERAL RESEARCH DIVISION, COUNTRY STUDIES, AREA HANDBOOK.BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MUSIC ON KABARDIAN THEMES. APPENDED TO KABARDINO-BALKAR MUSIC. H. HAKHUPASHA. KABARDINO-BALKAR BOOK PRESS, NALCHIK, 1963, PP. 143-47. {This is a very valuable work for research into music history of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic. The works referred to are by Kabardian and Russian composers}BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE CIRCASSIANS [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 1, 1955, pp. 145-62], R[AMAZAN] TRAHO.BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE NART EPOS AND NORTH CAUCASIAN MYTHOLOGY. COLLECTED AND PREPARED BY AMJAD JAIMOUKHA. PUBLISHED ON THE NET. {Includes 47 entries in Western European languages}BOOKS ABOUT GEORGIA & CAUCASUS (IN ENGLISH, FRENCH, GERMAN, ITALIAN). PIERRE-YVES BERTRAND. PUBLISHED ON THE NET. {306 ENTRIES}BOOKS IN ENGLISH ON THE SOVIET UNION, 1917-1973: A BIBLIOGRAPHY. DAVID L. JONES (COMPILER). NEW YORK: GARLAND, 1975. {Refer to pages 238-54, "The Nationalities"}BOOKS RELATED TO CHECHNYA (IN ENGLISH). PUBLISHED ON THE NET.BOOKS RELATED TO CHECHNYA (IN RUSSIAN). PUBLISHED ON THE NET.BULLETIN BIBLIOGRAPHIQUE SPELEOLOGIQUE. SPELEOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS. UNION INTERNATIONALE DE SPELEOLOGIE. INTERNATIONAL UNION OF SPELEOLOGY. THE RELEVANT SECTIONS ON THE CAUCASUS ARE THE FOLLOWING: 89 / 2.12, 90 / 2.12, 91 / 2.12, 92 / 2.12, 93 / 2.12, 94 / 2.12.CATALOGUE OF GEORGIAN AND OTHER CAUCASIAN PRINTED BOOKS IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM. COMPILED BY DAVID MARSHALL LANG. PUBLISHED BY THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM, LONDON, 1962. (Pp. XI, 430).CATALOGUE OF THE WARDROP COLLECTION AND OF OTHER GEORGIAN BOOKS AND MANUSCRIPTS IN THE BODLEIAN LIBRARY. DAVID BARRET, DEPARTMENT OF ORIENTAL BOOKS, BODLEIAN LIBRARY, OXFORD.DER KAUKASUS IN DER DEUTSCHEN WISSENSCHAFTLICHEN LITERATURE. HERAUGEGEBEN VON B. BRENTJES. KONGRESS- UND TAGUNGSBERICHTE DER MARTIN-LUTHER-UNIVERSITAT HALLE-WITTENBERG. HALLE (SAALE): MARTIN-LUTHER UNIVERSITAT HALLE-WITTENBERG, 1982. {Caucasus Civilization Congresses. Caucasus Antiquities Congresses. Caucasus Discovery and Exploration Congresses}ETHNIC SEPARATISM IN A CONSOLIDATING RUSSIA - TO 1923. A WORKING MILITARY HISTORY INSTITUTE (MHI) BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MHI SOURCES. MILITARY HISTORY INSTITUTE, US ARMY. PUBLISHED ON THE NET.For a bibliography on North-West Caucasian languages, refer to pp. 11-22 of Georges Dumezil's ETUDES COMPARATIVES SUR LES LANGUES CAUCASIENNES DU NORD-OUEST (MORPHOLOGIE), PARIS, 1932 and to pp. 142-51 of W. K. Matthews' LANGUAGES OF THE USSR, CAMBRIDGE, 1951.For a bibliography on Shamil and the Murid Movement, refer to SHAMIL AND THE MURID MOVEMENT, 1830-1859: AN ATTEMPT AT A COMPREHENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY [CENTRAL ASIAN SURVEY (SPECIAL NORTH CAUCASUS ISSUE), Vol. 10, No. 1/2, 1991, pp. 189-247], MOSHE GAMMER. And THE CENTENNIAL OF THE CAPTURE OF SHAMIL: A SHAMIL BIBLIOGRAPHY [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH, No. 8, 1959, pp. 83-91, and 101-2], T. TATLOK.For a bibliography on Sufism, refer to SUFISM IN THE USSR: A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SOVIET SOURCES [CENTRAL ASIAN SURVEY, Vol. 2, No. 4, 1983, pp. 81-108], ALEXANDRE BENNIGSEN.For an extensive bibliography on the Russian-Caucasian War, refer to CENTRAL ASIAN SURVEY, Vol. X, No. 1-2.For a list of archival sources on the Caucasian War, refer to Moshe Gammer's work MUSLIM RESISTANCE TO THE TSAR: SHAMIL AND THE CONQUEST OF CHECHNIA AND DAGHESTAN. LONDON: FRANK CASS, 1994. PP. 434-435.For a bibliography on the Circassian Nart Epic, refer to pp. 16-18 of Georges Dumezil's LEGENDES SUR LES NARTES, SUIVIES DE CINQ NOTES MYTHOLOGIQUES. PARIS, 1930.GEORGIAN BLACK SEA - GEOLOGICAL MAPS CATALOG. EASTERNOIL SERVICES, INC. EASTERNOIL SERVICES, INC.INOSTRANNAIA LITERATURA PO ETNOGRAFII KAVKAZA ZA POSLEDNIE 10 LET [SOVETSKAIA ETNOGRAFIIA, 1936: 4-5, PP. 274-277], E. G. KAGAROV. {Ethnographic literature on the Caucasus in the Periodical}ISTORIIA VOINY I VLADYCHESTVA RUSSKIKH NA KAVKAZE. T. 1, Kn. 3: BIBLIOGRAFICHESKII UKAZATEL' ISTOCHNIKOV K DVUM PERVYM KNIGAM. SPb., N. F. DUBROVIN, 1871. {The history of the War and Russian rule in the Caucasus. Contains 2355 titles. Annotated. Indexes of authors and subjects}IZDANIYA INSTITUTA ISTORII, YAZIKA I LITERATURY, IM. G. TSADASY ZA 60 LET 1924-1984. L. N. SEBOVA (Ed.). MAKHACHKALA: THE DAGHESTAN FILIAL OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 1986.KATALOG PECHATNYKH KNIG I PUBLIKATSII NA YAZYKAKH NARODOV DAGESTANA - DOREVOLYUTSIONNYI PERIOD. A. A.. ISAEV (Ed.). MAKHACHKALA: THE DAGHESTAN FILIAL OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 1989.KAVKAZSKAIA VOINA: XIX VEK (NEIZVESTNYE STRANITSY) [RODINA, 3-4, 1994, pp. 10-151]. {"A recent collection of essays by Russian scholars on the North Caucasian Wars" - Bulent Gokay}KAVKAZSKII SBORNIK.LITERATURE ON ABKHAZIA AND THE ABKHAZIAN-ABAZINIANS (ABAZES) [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 7, 1958, pp. 125-43], T. ABKHAZIAN. {Has some 270 entries. Essential for research on Abkhazia, the Abkhazians and Abazas. There is also a recent bibliographic work with some 300 entries collected by Professor Brian George Hewitt THE ABKHAZIANS: REFERENCES & GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. See below}LITERATURE ON CIRCASSIA AND THE CIRCASSIANS [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM). JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF USSR, No. 1 (14), 1955, pp. 145-62], R[AMAZAN] TRAHO. {English edition of Russian original. For bibliographical information on Traho, refer toCAUCASIAN REVIEW, No. 3, MUNICH, GERMANY, 1956, AUGUSTENSTRASSE 46, P. 135}LITERATURE ON DAGHESTAN AND ITS PEOPLE [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 4, MUNICH, 1957, PP. 101-18], R. ADIGHE (pseud. R. Traho).LITERATURE ON OSSETIA AND THE OSSETIANS [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 6, 1958, PP. 107-26], T. TRILATI. {Includes some 224 entries}LITERATURE ON THE CHECHEN-INGUSH AND KARACHAI-BALKARS [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 5, 1957, pp. 76-96], R[AMAZAN] TRAHO.LITERATURE ON THE HEALTH RESORTS, TOURISM, AND MOUNTAIN CLIMBING IN THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 9, 1959, PP. 152-7], T. TATLOK.MAMLUK BIBLIOGRAPHY: SUBJECT GUIDE. PUBLISHED BY THE MIDDLE EAST DOCUMENTATION CENTER, THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. {THERE IS A VERY USEFUL SEARCH FACILITY SEARCH THE MAMLUK BIBLIOGRAPHY}MATERIALY PO ISTORII DAGESTANA I CHECHNI. G. E. GRUMBERG AND S. K. BUSHUEV (Eds.).NARODNAIA SLOVESNOST' KAVKAZA (MATERIALY DLIA BIBLIOGRAFICHESKOGO UKAZATELIA), A. V. BAGRII, IZV. VOST. FAK. AZERB. GOS. UNIVERSITETA. VOSTOKOVEDENIE, I. BAKU, 1926, PP. 203-330.NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY. {CIRCASSIAN LANGUAGE COLLECTION: 1. Q ZS n.c. 17, 35; 2. Q ZS (CIRCASSIAN) n.c. 1-3-4; 3. Q ZS n.c. 16; 4. Q ZS (KABARDIAN) n.c. 1.ORIENTALISCHE BIBLIOGRAPHIE, BEGRUNDET VON Dr. A. MULLER. BERLIN, 1887-1926. {For literature on the Paleocaucasian peoples see section "Armenien und Kaukasuslander"}Periodicals Published in the Caucasus [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 2, 1956, P. 135 ff.].Photographs in the Wardrop Collection. {WARDR. 13.25, 13.34, 13.69}Recent Literature on the Caucasus Published in the USSR and Abroad [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 3, 1956, P. 128 ff.].Recent Literature Published in Soviet Georgia [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 5, 1957, P. 150 ff.].Recent Soviet Literature on Georgia [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 2, 1956, P. 144 ff.].REFER TO "MARRIAGE AND THE FAMILY IN CAUCASIA," IN THE ANTHROPOLOGY SECTION BELOW FOR A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF BIBLIOGRAPHIES.SCYTHICA ET CAUCASICA, IZVESTIIA DREVNIKH PISATELEI GRECHESKIKH I LATINSKIKH O SKIFII I KAVKAZE. V. V. LATYSHEV. 2 Vols. SPb., 1890. {Reprinted in the 1947-9 issues of the Vestnik Drevnei Istorii, Moscow. The new edition contains additions and copious footnotes but lacks the original texts, which are given in the first edition}SHORT BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORKS ON THE CAUCASUS (IN ENGLISH). GRADUATE TRAINING AND RESEARCH PROGRAM ON THE CONTEMPORARY CAUCASUS, PROGRAM IN SOVIET AND POST-SOVIET STUDIES, THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY. PUBLISHED ON THE NET. (8 pages of print).SVEDIENIIA ARABSKIKH PISATELEI O KAVKAZE, ARMENII I AZERBAIDZHANE, N. A. KARAULOV, SBORNIK MATERIALOV DLIA OPISANIIA MESTNOSTEI I PLEMEN KAVKAZA, Vol. 29, 1901, Vol. 31, 1902, Vol. 32, 1903, Vol. 38, 1908.THE ABKHAZIANS: REFERENCES & GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. Pp. 251-62 in THE ABKHAZIANS: A HANDBOOK. [Brian] GEORGE HEWITT (Ed.). IN THE SERIES CAUCASUS WORLD: PEOPLES OF THE CAUCASUS & THE BLACK SEA. SERIES EDITOR NICHOLAS AWDE. RICHMOND, SURREY, ENGLAND: CURZON PRESS, 1999. {Has some 300 entries. See also LITERATURE ON ABKHAZIA AND THE ABKHAZIAN-ABAZINIANS (ABAZES) above}THE COLLECTION OF DATA ABOUT CAUCASIAN MOUNTAIN PEOPLES.UKAZATEL' STATEI PO KAVKAZOVEDENIIU, POMESHCHENNYKH V GAZETE " TERSKIE VEDOMOSTI" (s 1883 po 1916 god). G. A. DZAGUROV. VLADIKAVKAZ, 1923.Yeni Kafkas [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 4, 1957, P. 157 ff.].

2JOURNALS, SERIALS, PERIODICALS AND NEWSLETTERS

ABKHAZIAN NEWSLETTER (APSNYT'VYI ADYRRAKVA). Prepared by The International Documentation and Information Centre for Abkhazia (IDICA) [Aduneizhvlarbzhjarat'vyi Apsny Arshahatganc'arei Adyrratarei Rygvta (AAAAR)]. The Netherlands. {This publication is a demonstration of the realization by the Abkhazians of the power of the media in making their views accessible to the outside world. To subscribe, send an-e-mail to with the word "SUBSCRIBE" as the subject of the message. To unsubscribe, send an-e-mail to with the word "UNSUBSCRIBE" as the subject of the message. You can ask for back issues of the Newsletter}AKTY SOBRANNYE KAVKAZSKOI ARKHEOGRAFICHESKOI KOMMISSIEI (AKAK). [Acts gathered by the Caucasian Archaeographical Commission]. Vols. 1-12, 1866-1904. {Another source transcribes the title as follows: Akty, sobrannye Kavkazskoj arkheograficheskoj komissiej}ANNUAL FOR THE STUDY OF CAUCASIA, CHICAGO.BEDI KARTLISA. REVUE DE KARTVELOLOGIE, PARIS, 1957-84. THEREAFTER: REVUE DES ETUDES GEORGIENNES ET CAUCASIENNES. PARIS: PEETERS FRANCE, 1985-. / WARDROP COLLECTION.BULLETIN DE L'OBSERVATOIRE DE L'ASIE CENTRALE ET DU CAUCASE. ISTANBUL, TURQUIE: OAC, 1996 - .BULLETIN D'INFORMATION DU PARTI DU PEUPLE DES MONTAGNARDS DU CAUCASE. PARIS.BULLETIN DU COMITE DE L'INDEPENDANCE DU CAUCASE. PARIS: EDITIONS MAISONNEUVE FRERES.BULLETIN OF THE SPECIAL ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY -- NORTH CAUCASUS. USSR ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY SERIES. NEW YORK, NEW YORK: ALLERTON PRESS. ISSN 0190-2709. ? CEASED IN 1992. {TRANSLATION OF RUSSIAN PERIODICAL}BULLETIN OF THE SPECIAL ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY NORTH-CAUCASUS (Akademiia Nauk Sssr. Spetsial'Naia Astrofizicheskaia Observatoriia)CAHIERS DU MONDE RUSSE ET SOVIETIQUE. PARIS, LA HAYE. (PERIODICAL).CASPIAN CROSSROADS MAGAZINE. PUBLISHED BY THE US-AZERBAIJAN COUNCIL. ISSN 1091-4900. {DEALS MAINLY WITH ISSUES CONCERNING CASPIAN OIL}CAUCASIAN QUARTERLY. / WARDROP COLLECTIONCAUCASIAN REGIONAL STUDIES. THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR CAUCASIAN REGIONAL STUDIES (IACRS): LAW, POLITICS, SOCIOLOGY, ECONOMICS, MODERN HISTORY, AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS. {BASED IN TBILISI, GEORGIA. ESTABLISHED IN 1995. HOSTED BY THE CENTRE FOR POLITICAL SCIENCE OF THE VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL, BELGIUM. ENGLISH EDITION IS ONLY PUBLISHED ELECTRONICALLY. BOTH Vol. 1, ISSUE 1, 1996 AND Vol. 2, ISSUE 1, 1997 ARE PUBLISHED ON THE NET. ARTICLES ON ANY ASPECT ON THE CAUCASUS ARE SOLICITED FOR INCLUSION IN UPCOMING ISSUES. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, E-MAIL: iacrs@iacrs.org.ge. Editor: Stephen Jones}CAUCASIAN REVIEW (CRM). PERIODICAL PUBLICATION. MUNCHEN: INSTITUT ZUR ERFORSCHUNG DER UdSSR (MUNICH: INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF THE USSR), 1955-1960. {ABSORBED BY STUDIES ON THE SOVIET UNION}CAUCASICA. PERIODICAL PUBLICATION. FASC. 1-11, LEIPZIG, 1924-1934. / BRIT. MUS. / WARDROP COLLECTIONCAUCASUS REPORT. A WEEKLY REVIEW OF POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS AND TRANSCAUCASIA FROM RADIO FREE EUROPE / RADIO LIBERTY. FIRST ISSUE MARCH 3rd, 1998. {VERY CONCISE AND UP-TO-DATE REPORTING. SITE CONTAINS ALL ISSUES OF THE WEEKLY. TO SUBSCRIBE, SEND E-MAIL TO CAUCASUS-REPORT@LIST.RFERL.ORG WITH THE WORD SUBSCRIBE IN THE SUBJECT LINE OR IN THE BODY OF THE MESSAGE}CAUCASUS WORLD. GENERAL EDITOR: NICHOLAS AWDE. {"Caucasus World with Nicholas Awde as its General Editor, is a new imprint established by Curzon Press. It is dedicated exclusively to providing for the growing international interest in the Caucasus - a crossroads of politics, people, cultures and religions - both contemporary and historical. ... This list offers authoritative treatments of major issues and themes concerning the Caucasus, with special emphasis on providing background material and handbooks. Books, collections of papers and reference works by leading indigenous as well as western experts will provide fresh perspectives on this rapidly changing region, with equal emphasis on the past, the present and the future. ... Subject encompass the rage of history, politics, economics, religion, ethnography, language and linguistics, art and architecture. Caucasus World will include not only new books, but also reprints of important works previously unavailable or difficult to find. Proposals for books are welcomed, especially those designed to serve the needs of students and those with strong international appeal."}CENTRAL ASIA AND CAUCASUS CHRONICLE. PUBLISHED BIMONTHLY BY THE SOCIETY FOR CENTRAL ASIAN STUDIES, LONDON, 1989-1990. ISSN 0956-7208. CEASED IN 1990. CONTINUED FROM: THE CENTRAL ASIAN NEWSLETTER. OXFORD: SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF CENTRAL ASIA (1981-89).CENTRAL ASIA AND CAUCASUS UPDATE. THE CENTER FOR POLITICAL AND STRATEGIC STUDIES, WASHINGTON, DC. {"A MONTHLY UPDATE ON NEWS AND EVENTS ON CONFLICTS IN CENTRAL ASIA AND THE SOUTHERN CAUCASUS"}CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS IN WORLD AFFAIRS. HASTINGS: CENTRAL ASIA INFORMATION SERVICE, 1992- . (ISSN 09678689).CENTRAL ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS REVIEW. A QUARTERLY PUBLISHED BY THE CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF CENTRAL ASIA & THE CAUCASUS, INSTITUTE FOR POLITICAL AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN.CENTRAL ASIAN SURVEY. ISSN 0263-4937. EDITED BY MARIE BENNIGSEN BROXUP. PUBLISHED BY CARFAX PUBLISHING LIMITED. {Central Asian Survey is the only established journal in the world concerned primarily with the history, politics, cultures, religions and economics of the Central Asian and Caucasian regions. These include those territories and predominantly Muslim Irano-Turkic populations from western China to western Anatolia sharing a common historical, ethnic, cultural and linguistic heritage and in some cases communist experience. Foremost among these are the republics of former Soviet Central Asia, Azerbaijan, Crimea, and the Muslim Ibero-Caucasian and Turkic peoples of the North Caucasus, Middle Volga and Urals whose territories are included in the Russian Federation. Also covered are Chinese Xinjiang, Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey, Armenia and Georgia. ... The recent unfolding of political, demographic, economic and military events which have precipitated new strategic linkages, raise the spectre of important local and regional change and make Central Asia and the Caucasus an area of significant contemporary interest}CIRCASSIAN STAR. K. I. NATHO (Ed.). NEW YORK: G. A. PRESS. MAGAZINE.CONFLICTS & NEGOTIATIONS. PUBLISHED BY THE INTERNATIONAL CENTER ON CONFLICT AND NEGOTIATION, TBILISI, REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA. EDITED BY GEORGE KHUTSISHVILI.CONTEMPORARY CAUCASUS NEWSLETTER, THE BERKELEY PROGRAM IN SOVIET & POST-SOVIET STUDIES, GRADUATE TRAINING AND RESEARCH PROGRAM ON THE CONTEMPORARY CAUCASUS, THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. {ALSO LISTED UNDER NEWSLETTER}GEORGICA: A JOURNAL OF GEORGIAN AND CAUCASIAN STUDIES. ISSN 0232-4490. / WARDROP COLLECTION. {ANNUAL ON GEORGIAN AND CAUCASIAN ISSUES}GEORGIE. / WARDROP COLLECTIONIAZYKI SEVERNOGO KAVKAZA I DAGESTANA. SBORNIK LINGVISTICHESKIKH ISSLEDOVANII. MOSCOW, Vol. 1, 1935, Vol. 2, 1949.IBERO-CAUCASICA. TIFLIS, 1946-.IZVESTIIA KAVKAZSKOGO OTDELA IMPERATORSKOGO (LATER: GOSUDARSTVENNOGO) RUSSKOGO GEOGRAFICHESKOGO OBSHCHESTVA. Vol. 1-29, TIFLIS, 1872-1906.JOURNAL FOR THE STUDY OF CAUCASIA.KAVKAZ. TIFLIS, 1846-1876. {Newspaper; Until 1849 daily, later twice a week}KAVKAZ. LE CAUCASE. PARIS, 1934-39. / BRIT MUS.KAVKAZSKII ETNOGRAFICHESKII SBORNIK, I (= TRUDY INSTITUTA ETNOGRAFII IM. N. N. MIKLUKHO-MAKLAIA, N.S., T. 26), MOSCOW, 1955.KAVKAZSKII KALENDAR'. TIFLIS, 1854-1916.KAVKAZSKII SBORNIK. No. 1-30, TIFLIS, 1876-1910.KHAZARIA.COM NEWS. (Khazaria Info Center's opt-in news service. To unsubscribe from this mailing list, or to change the e-mail address you receive these bulletins at, please write to: kbrook@khazaria.com. To submit a news bulletin for possible inclusion in The Khazaria Info Center News, please write to: kbrook@khazaria.com. This Newsletter is prepared by Kevin Alan Brook of Connecticut, USA)KUBANSKII SBORNIK. EKATERINODAR, 1883 ff. (Vol. 18, 1913).LE CAUCASE. ORGANE DE LA PENSEE NATIONALE INDEPENDANTE. REVUE MENSUELLE. PARIS, 1937-.LES MONTAGNARDS DU CAUCASE. ORGANE DU PARTI POPULAIRE DES MONTAGNARDS DU CAUCASE.MAMLUK STUDIES REVIEW. AN ANNUAL JOURNAL PUBLISHED BY THE MIDDLE EAST DOCUMENTATION CENTER, THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. ISSN 1086-170X.MATERIALY PO ARKHEOLOGII KAVKAZA. Vol. 1-14, MOSCOW, 1888-1916.MONDE RUSSE ET SOVIETIQUE.NEWSLETTER OF THE BERKELEY PROGRAM IN SOVIET & POST-SOVIET STUDIES, GRADUATE TRAINING AND RESEARCH PROGRAM ON THE CONTEMPORARY CAUCASUS, THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. {ALSO LISTED UNDER CONTEMPORARY CAUCASUS NEWSLETTER}OBSERVATOIRE DU CAUCASE ET DE L'ASIE CENTRALE. INSTITUT FRANCAIS D'ETUDES ANATOLIENNES (IFEA).Periodicals Published in the Caucasus [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 2, 1956, p. 135 ff.].PERSPECTIVE. PUBLISHED BY THE INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF CONFLICT, IDEOLOGY, AND POLICY, BOSTON UNIVERSITY.PROMETHEE. ORGANE DE DEFENSE NATIONALE DES PEUPLES DU CAUCASE, DE L'UKRAINE ET DU TURKESTAN, PARIS. / WARDROP COLLECTIONREVUE DES ETUDES GEORGIENNES ET CAUCASIENNES. ASSOCIATION DES ETUDES GEORGIENNES ET CAUCASIENNES. PARIS: PEETERS FRANCE, 1985-. ISSN 0373-1537. {ANNUAL DEVOTED TO LINGUISTIC, LITERARY, HISTORICAL, ARCHAELOGICAL AND CULTURAL MATERIALS ON THE CAUCASUS}RUSSIAN REGIONAL REPORT (RRR), OPEN MEDIA RESEARCH INSTITUTE (OMRI). {Russian Regional Report provides weekly updates on political and social developments in the 89 regions of the Russian Federation}SBORNIK GAZETY KAVKAZ.SBORNIK MATERIALOV DLIA OPISANIIA MESTNOSTEI I PLEMEN KAVKAZA. Vol. 1-44, TIFLIS, 1881-1915; Vol. 45, MAKHACH-KALA, 1926.SBORNIK SVEDENII O KAVKAZE. Vol. 1-9, TIFLIS, 1871-1885.SBORNIK SVEDENII O KAVKAZSKIKH GORTSAKH. Vol. 1-10, TIFLIS, 1868-1881.SOVETSKAYA ETNOGRAFIIA. {Soviet Ethnography}SOVIET ANTHROPOLOGY AND ARCHAEOLOGY.SOVIET STUDIES.STUDIA CAUCASICA. PERIODICAL. THE HAGUE: MOUTON, 1963- , 1-. ISSN 0081-6345. {Articles chiefly in English, some in Russian with English summaries}STUDIA CAUCASOLOGICA.STUDIES ON THE SOVIET UNION.SVOBODNII KAVKAZ. THE FREE CAUCASUS. DER FREIE KAUKASUS. CAUCASE LIBRE. MUNICH, 1952. / BRIT. MUS.TERSKIE VEDOMOSTI. VLADIKAVKAZ, 1883-1916.THE ANNUAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF CAUCASIA. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS: THE SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF CAUCASIA, 1989 - . (ISSN 10736255).THE CAUCASIAN QUARTERLY. PERIODICAL PUBLICATION.THE CAUCASUS & TRANSCAUCASIA. MOSCOW: WPS / RADIO FREE EUROPE / RADIO LIBERTY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, SLAVIC, BALTIC AND EURASIAN ARCHIVE, 1992- .THE CAUCASUS. DER KAUKASUS. ORGAN OF INDEPENDENT NATIONAL THOUGHT. UNITED CAUCASUS. VEREINIGTES KAUKASIEN. PERIODICAL PUBLICATION. MUNICH, 1953-. / BRIT. MUS.THE CURRENT DIGEST OF POST-SOVIET PRESS. {Weekly review of the Russian press, carrying English translations of articles from major Russian newspapers and magazines. It is headed by Robert S. Ehlers, Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of Slavic and East European Languages and Literatures, Ohio State University}THE GEORGIAN CHRONICLE. A MONTHLY BULLETIN COVERING MAJOR EVENTS AND TRENDS IN THE POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL LIFE OF THE REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA. IT IS PUBLISHED BY THE CAUCASIAN INSTITUTE FOR PEACE, DEMOCRACY AND DEVELOPMENT (CIPDD), TBILISI, GEORGIA. ISSN 1022-6702.THE JOURNAL OF CENTRAL ASIAN AND CAUCASIA REVIEW. TEHRAN: CENTER FOR CENTRAL ASIA AND CAUCASIA RESEARCH, INSTITUTE FOR POLITICAL AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, 1993- .THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF CAUCASIA.THE KEBZEH REVIEW NEWSLETTER. PUBLISHED 4 TIMES A YEAR. IT FEATURES ARTICLES, STORIES, COMMENTARY, POEMS AND DRAWINGS ALL BASED ON THE APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF KEBZEH. AVAILABLE BY JOINING THE KEBZEH FOUNDATION OR BY SUBSCRIPTION FOR $25 A YEAR. ADDRESS: P.O. BOX 1207-W, VERNON, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA V1T 6N6.The Study of the Caucasus in Western Europe [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 2, 1956, P. 135 ff.].TURCICA.UNITED CAUCASUS. ORGAN OF THE NORTH CAUCASIAN NATIONAL THOUGHTS. A PERIODICAL. (IN RUSSIAN).ZAPISKI KAVKAZSKOGO OTDELA IMPERATORSKOGO (LATER: GOSUDARSTVENNOGO) RUSSKOGO GEOGRAFICHESKOGO OBSHCHESTVA. Vol. 1-30, TIFLIS, 1852-1916.

3ENCYCLOPAEDIAS

BOL'SHAIA SOVIETSKAIA ENTSIKLOPEDIIA. 1st Ed., MOSCOW, 1926; 2nd Ed., MOSCOW, 1949-.ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA.ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF ISLAM. LEYDEN-LONDON, 1908-1934.ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF RELIGION AND ETHICS. J. HASTINGS (Ed.). NEW YORK, EDINBURG, 1908-1927.ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF WORLD CULTURES, Vol. VI: RUSSIA AND EURASIA/CHINA. PAUL FRIEDRICH AND NORMA DIAMOND (Eds.). BOSTON: G. K. HALL & CO., 1994.INONU ANSIKLOPEDISI (FROM FASC. 34 ON: TURK ANSIKLOPEDISI). ANKARA, 1946-.ISLAM ANSIKLOPEDISI. ISTANBUL, 1940-. {THE LATTER TWO ENCYCLOPEDIAS CONTAIN IMPORTANT ARTICLES AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES ON THE TURKIC AND OTHER ISLAMIC PEOPLES OF THE CAUCASUS}THE MODERN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RELIGIONS IN RUSSIA AND THE SOVIET UNION. V. 1- 1988- .

4TRAVELS, GEOGRAPHYAND GENERAL WORKS

ABKHASES. W. BARTHOLD. DANS L'ENCYCLOPEDIE DE L'ISLAM.A CAPTIVE OF THE CAUCASUS. ANDREI BITOV (1937- ). LONDON: WEIDENFELD & NICOLSON, 1992; NEW YORK: FARRAR, STRAUS & GIROUX, 1992; LONDON: HARPER COLLINS, 1994. (323 PAGES. 24 cm. ISBN 0297840541). {"THE AUTHOR WRITES THAT RUSSIANS VISIT THE CAUCASUS WITH A SENSE OF HOMECOMING, RECOGNISING THE LANDSCAPES DESCRIBED BY LERMONTOV, PUSHKIN AND TOLSTOY. IN THE FIRST MEMOIR LESSONS OF ARMENIA (OUT OF PRINT), BITOV EXPLORES THE RUSSIANS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE CAUCASUS AND THE IDEA OF HOMELAND, AND IN THE SECOND, CHOOSING A LOCATION (OUT OF PRINT), HE DESCRIBES HIS JOURNEY THROUGH SOVIET GEORGIA." TRANSLATED FROM RUSSIAN BY SUSAN BROWNSBERGER}ACCOUNT OF CAUCASIAN NATIONS. GEORGE ELLIS ESQ. F.R.S. (1753-1815). {MAP OF CAUCASUS. VOCABULARY. ACCOUNT OF CAUCASIAN WAR}ACROSS THE CAUCASUS. MICHAEL PEREIRA (1928-). LONDON: GEOFFREY BLES, 1973. (272 PAGES. 23cm.). {16 PAGES OF ILLUSTRATIONS. INCLUDES MAPS. HAS BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PP. 265-6}A DRY SHIP TO THE MOUNTAINS: DOWN THE VOLGA AND ACROSS THE CAUCASUS IN MY FATHER'S FOOTSTEPS. DANIEL FARSON (1927- ). LONDON: MICHAEL JOSEPH, 1994; LONDON: PENGUIN, 1995. (246 pages. ISBN 0718135881. Available from ZORA BOOKS. Price: 15.99). {Author is son of Negley Farson. See CAUCASIAN JOURNEY, below}ADVENTURE IN CIRCASSIA. W. WICKENDEN.ADVENTURES IN CAUCASIA. ALEXANDRE DUMAS (THE ELDER). WESTPORT, CONNECTICUT: GREENWOOD PRESS, 1962. REPRINTED IN UK, 1975. (Translated and edited by A. E. Murch. Available from ZORA BOOKS. Hardback. Price: 39.95).ADVENTURES IN THE CAUCASUS. ALEXANDRE DUMAS (THE ELDER). PETER OWEN, 1962.A GENERAL, HISTORICAL, AND TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF MOUNT CAUCASUS. WITH A CATALOGUE OF PLANTS INDIGENOUS TO THE COUNTRY. TRANSLATED FROM THE WORKS OF Dr. REINEGGS AND MARSHAL BIEBERSTEIN BY CHARLES WILKINSON. LONDON, 1807. (TWO VOLUMES. Vol. 1: 407 PAGES. Vol. 2: 240 PAGES PLUS NOTES ON THE TWO VOLUMES. WITH A MAP AND PLATES. SEE ALSO BIEBERSTEIN'S WORK FLORA TAURICO-CAUCASICA EXHIBENS STIRPES PHAENOGAMAS, IN CHERSONESO TAURICA ET REGIONIBUS CAUCASICIS SPONTE CRESCENTES ... , BELOW}A GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF NON-RUSSIAN MINORITIES IN RUSSIA AND ITS ETHNIC HOMELANDS [POST-SOVIET GEOGRAPHY, Vol. 34, No. 9, NOVEMBER 1993, PP. 543-97], C. D. HARRIS.A JOURNEY FROM LONDON TO PERSEPOLIS INCLUDING WANDERINGS IN DAGHESTAN, GEORGIA, ARMENIA, KURDISTAN, MESOPOTAMIA AND PERSIA. JOHN USSHER. LONDON: HURST AND BLACKETT, 1865.A JOURNEY IN SOVIET TRANSCAUCASIA. DAVID RODEN BUXTON. LONDON: BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE, 1933.A JOURNEY THROUGH THE CAUCASUS AND THE INTERIOR OF PERSIA. AUGUSTUS HENRY MOUNSEY. LONDON, 1872.ALEXANDER'S GATE, GOG AND MAGOG, AND THE INCLOSED NATIONS. A. R. ANDERSON.ALLGEMEINE HISTORISCH-TOPOGRAPHISCHE BESCHREIBUNG DES KAUKASUS. JAKOB [CHRISTIAN RUDOLF EHLICH] REINEGGS. AUS DESSEN NACHGELASSENEN PAPIEREN GESAMMELT UND HERAUSGEGEBEN VON F. E. SCHROEDER. GOTHA UND St. PETERSBURG, 1796-1797. 2 Vols.ALL THE RUSSIAS. TRAVELS AND STUDIES IN CONTEMPORARY EUROPEAN RUSSIA, FINLAND, SIBERIA, THE CAUCASUS, & CENTRAL ASIA. HENRY NORMAN, M.P. LONDON: WILLIAM HEINEMANN, 1902. (XII, 476 PAGES). {WITH 137 ILLUSTRATIONS CHIEFLY FROM THE AUTHOR'S PHOTOGRAPHS AND 4 MAPS. SOME REFERENCES GIVE SCRIBNER FOR THE PUBLISHER}ALTE GEOGRAPHIE DES KASPISCHEN MEERES, DES KAUKASUS UND DES SUDLICHENRUSSLANDS. Dr. EDUARD EICHWALD. BERLIN, 1838.AMMAN. G. LANKESTER HARDING. ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF ISLAM, NEW EDITION, Vol. 1. {Account of Circassian settlement on p. 447}AN OVERVIEW OF THE NORTH CAUCASIAN PEOPLES. LARS FUNCH AND HELEN KRAG. IN CAUCASUS: WAR AND PEACE: NEW WORLD DISORDER IN CAUCASIA. MEHMET TUTUNCU (Ed.). HAARLEM, HOLLAND: FOUNDATION FOR THE RESEARCH OF TURKISTAN, AZERBAIJAN, CRIMEA, CAUCASUS AND SIBERIA (SOTA), 1998.ARGONAUTICON. APOLLONII RHODII (242 B.C.). LUGD. BAT., 1641, in-8. {FOR AN ENGLISH VERSION SEE THE ARGONAUTICA BELOW}ARISTOCRATS AND SERVITORS. ROBERT O. CRUMMEY. / UNI. MAN. {ACCOUNT OF THE CHERKASSKII PRINCELY FAMILY. THEY CAME FROM KABARDA TO THE RUSSIAN COURT IN THE 1550'S AND 1560'S AND IMMEDIATELY OCCUPIED PROMINENT POSITIONS IN THE ARMY AND AT COURT. " THE CHERKASSKII'S WERE A LARGE SPRAWLING CLAN, A LOOSE COALITION OF COMPARATIVELY DISTANT RELATIVES "}AROUND THE BLACK SEA. ASIA MINOR, ARMENIA, CAUCASUS, CIRCASSIA, DAGHESTAN, THE CRIMEA, ROUMANIA. WILLIAM ELEROY CURTIS. HODDER & STOUGHTON, NEW YORK, GEORGE H. DORAN COMPANY, 1911. (264 PAGES). {"THIS VOLUME IS COMPOSED OF NEWSPAPER LETTERS WRITTEN DURING THE SUMMER AND AUTUMN OF 1910." ... "THE CAUCASUS MOUNTAINS ARE NOT AS BEAUTIFUL AS THE ALPS, BUT ARE MORE IMPOSING AND MAJESTIC. ... AND THE STORY OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE IS NOT A LEGEND, BECAUSE EVEN TO-DAY THE MOUNTAINEERS ARE IN THE HABIT OF ANCHORING FLEECES OF WOOL FROM THEIR SHEEP IN THE STREAMS, AS TRAPS TO CATCH GRAINS OF GOLD THAT FLOAT DOWN IN THE WATER. ... THE CAUCASIANS HAVE ALWAYS BEEN FAMOUS AS GOLDSMITHS AND SILVERSMITHS, AND IN EVERY MUSEUM OF EUROPE YOU CAN FIND EXAMPLES OF THEIR SKILL AND TASTE." CHAPTER XI: DAGHESTAN, AND ITS ANCIENT PEOPLES, PP. 228-51. CHAPTER XII: THE CIRCASSIANS AND THE COSSACKS, PP. 252-64. SOME FACTUAL MISTAKES, AS WHEN THE OSSETS ARE CLASSIFIED AS A CIRCASSIAN TRIBE. A MAP IS INCLUDED}ASIA; ODER, AUSFUHRLICHE BESCHREIBUNG DES REICHS DES GROSSEN MOGOLS UND EINES GROSSEN THEILS VON INDIEN, IN SICH HALTEND DIE LANDSCHAFFTEN KANDAHAR, KABUL ... NEBENST EINER VOLLKOMMENEN VORSTELLUNG DES KONIGREICHS PERSIEN, WIE AUCH GEORGIEN, MENGRELIEN CIRKASSIEN, UND ANDERER BENACHBARTEN LANDER. ZUSAMMT DEREN VERSCHIEDNEN NAMEN, GREUZEN, STADTEN, GEWACHSEN, THIEREN, SITTEN, TRACHTEN, REGIERUNG UND GOTTESDIENST. AUS UNTERSCHIEDLICHEN ALTEN UND NEUEN LAND- UND REISE-BESCHREIBUNGEN ANFANGS IN NIEDERLANDISCHER SPRACHE ZUSAMMENGETRAGEN DURCH O. DAPPER D. ANITZO ABER INS HOCHTEUTSCHE GETREULICHST UBERSETZT VON JOHANN CHRISTOFF BEERN. OLFERT DAPPER (1639-1689). NURNBERG: J. HOFFMANN GEDRUCKT BEY C. S. FROBERG, 1681. (2 Vols. IN 1. 33 cm.). {ADDED t.-p., ENGR. PART 2 (PAGED SEPARATELY) HAS TITLE: BESCHREIBUNG DES KONIGREICHS PERSIEN ... WITH HIS UMBSTANDLICHE UND EIGENTLICHE BESCHREIBUNG VON ASIA. NURNBERG, 1681. ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES (PART DOUBLE) AND DOUBLE MAPS}ASIE RUSSE. E. RECLUS. {POPULATION DU CAUCASE EN 1880: LESGHIENS ET AUTRES MONTAGNARDS, 1,050,000; TARTARES ET TURCS, 1,330,000; GEORGIENS, 150,000; ARMENIENS, 720,000; RUSSES, 1,400,000; PERSANS (TATES ET TATICKES), 120,000; AUTRES PEUPLES, 90,000}ATLAS DES PEUPLES D'ORIENT: MOYEN-ORIENT, CAUCASE, ASIE CENTRALE. JEAN SELLIER, ANDRE SELLIER; CARTOGRAPHIE: ANNE LE FUR. PARIS: EDITIONS LA DECOUVERTE, 1993. (200 PAGES. 24 cm. ISBN 270712222X). {COLOUR MAPS. INCLUDES BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES}A TRAVERS LE CAUCASE, NOTES ET IMPRESSIONS D'UN BOTANISTE. EMILE LEVIER. NEUCHATEL: ATTINGER FRERES EDITEURS, 1897.A TRIP IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS. DIMITRI IVANOVITCH TROUNOV. MOSCOW: PROGRESS PUBLISHERS, 1965. {TRANSLATED BY DAVID FIDLON).A TRIP THROUGH THE EASTERN CAUCASUS. JOHN ABERCROMBY. LONDON: EDWARD STANFORD, 1889.AU CAUCASE. EUGENE DE GROOTE. BRUXELLES-PARIS-GENEVE, 1891. (XXXV, 182 PAGES). {DESSINS ORIGINAUX DE DANIEL DE HAENE. TABLE: PREFACE, NOGAIS DE CRIMEE, COSAQUES DU KOUBAN, CIRCASSIENS, GEORGIENS, LES OSSES, LES KAISOURIS, ERIWAN. ... "LES AMIS DE MES ENNEMIS SONT MES ENNEMIS." MAXIME CIRCASSIENNE. ... "NULLE PART, ON NE TROUVERAIT UN GROUPE D'HOMMES AYANT CONSERVE AUSSI PUR LE MEME SUPERBE TYPE. ILS ONT TOUS LA MEME STATURE MOYENNE, LE MEME VISAGE OVALE, LA BARBE FINE, L'OEIL GENERALEMENT NOIR, INTELLIGENT, UN PEU HUMIDE. ... CELUI QUI N'A PAS VU LES CIRCASSIENS NE POURRAIT COMPRENDRE JUSQU'A QUELLE SUPREME ELEGANCE PEUT ATTEINDRE LE CORPS DE L'HOMME. LA TETE HAUTE, LES EPAULES TRES LARGES, MAIS SANS LA RAIDEUR QUI ACCOMPAGNE SOUVENT LA CARRURE, LES REINS FINS ET SOUPLES ADMIRABLEMENT CAMBRES, ET DANS TOUTE L'ALLURE UNE SOUPLESSE FELINE, DANS TOUTE LA PERSONNE UNE DISTINCTION SUPERIEURE, QUI SE TRADUIT DANS LE PORT DE TETE, LE GESTE, LA DEMARCHE. CE NE SONT PAS SEULEMENT, COMME DANS CERTAINES AUTRES RACES, DES BETES PUISSANTES, A FORTE ENCOLURE, AU RABLE ENORME DONT ON ADMIRE LA VIGUEUR - COMME ON ADMIRE UN BUFFLE - OU BIEN DES TRRAVAILLEURS COMME NOS PAYSANS, QUI, DANS L'ASSIDUITE D'UN MEME LABEUR, ONT DEVELOPPE SANS PROPORTION LES MUSCLES EMPLOYES: LEUR BEAUTE EST PLUS HAUTE, ELLE EST PLUS D'UN HOMME - ETRE INTELLIGENT, DONT TOUS LES DEHORS DOIIVENT REFLETER L'AME, QUI, PAR LA SOUPLESSE ET L'ENERGIE DES MEMBRES, LE PORT HAUTAIN DU BUSTE ET DE LA TETE, LA NOBLESSE DU REGARD ET DES TRAITS, MERITE D'ETRE LE ROI DU MONDE. ET LES PLUS DELICATS, LES PLUS RAFFINES MONDAINS QUI HANTENT LES BALS DE PETERSBOURG POURRAIENT PRENDRE DES LECON DE TENUE AU DERNIER DE CES SAUVAGES. ... LEUR COSTUME AUSSI EST ADMIRABLEMENT ET ESTHETIQUEMENT CHOISI POUR FAIRE VALOIR LA BEAUTE DE LA FORME: UN PANTALON COLLANT PRENANT BIEN LA JAMBE; LA TCHERKESSA, REDINGOTE QUI DESCEND JUSQU'A MI-CUISSE, EN COULEUR CLAIRE, MOULANT LE TORSE ET ORNEE SUR LA POITRINE D'UNE RANGEE DE CARTOUCHES EN ARGENT NIELLE. COMME ILS EMPLOIENT ENCORE TOUS LE FUSIL A PIERRE, ILS METTENT DANS CHAQUE ETUI UNE CHARGE DE POUDRE ET DE PLOMB. LE COSTUME SE COMPLETE PAR LE POIGNARD ET LE LONG FUSIL. ... LES TCHERKESSES SONT D'UNE MERVEILLEUSE INTELLIGENCE; ILS ONT LE GESTE TRES EXPRESSIF. ... LEUR INTELLIGENCE FRAPPE ENCORE PLUS QUE LEUR BEAUTE. ... LES FEMMES CONFECTIONNENT DES TISSUS RARES ET LES ARMURIERS DES ARMES DE PRIX. LE SABRE CIRCASSIEN ETAIT CONSIDERE AU CAUCASE COMME UNE VALEUR DE TRANSACTION ET VALAIT TROIS BOEUFS CHEZ LEURS VOISINS, LES OSSETES. ... JADIS, ILS OCCUPAIENT TOUT LE PAYS QUI S'ETEND AU NORD DU CAUCASE, DE LA MER NOIRE AU KASBEK. A L'EST, ILS AVAIENT POUR VOISINS LES TCHETCHENES, PLUS LOIN VENAIENT LES LESGHIENS - TROIS RACES SOEURS AYANT LES MEMES HABITUDES D'INDEPENDANCE ET DE BRAVOURE. ... LES TCHERKESSES FURENT LES ROIS DU CAUCASE, ET TOUT CE QUI LES TOUCHAIT AVAIT UNE ALLURE SI ELEGANTE ET SI ORIGINALE QUE LE CAUCASE ENTIER LES IMITA. TOUTES LES TRIBUS ADOPTERENT LEUR MERVEILLEUX COSTUME, LA TCHERKESSA AUX RANGEES DE CARTOUCHES NIELLEES, MAIS LEUR DECALQUAGE FUT, - COMME TOUTE IMITATION, - MALADROIT. ET C'EST AINSI QU'ON VOIT LES PAISIBLES GEORGIENS AFFUBLES DE LA REDINGOTE, MAIS LEURS CARTOUCHES N'ONT JAMAIS ETE SALIES AU CONTACT DU PLOMB ET DE LA TCHERKESSA, AUX FORMES SI BIEN PROPORTIONNEES, EST CHEZ EUX DEVENUE LONGUE, TOMBE JUSQU'A MI-JAMBE ET EMPETRE LEUR MARCHE, DEJA LOURDE. ILS SE SONT IMPOSES D'UNE FACON SI IMPERIEUSE QUE LEURS ENNEMIS HEREDITAIRES EUX-MEMES, LES COSAQUES, ADOPTERENT LEUR COSTUME, SE VETIRENT DE LA TCHERKESSA, PORTERENT LE PAPAK REJETE DANS NUQUE ET SE MIRENT A PARLER TARTARE. ... PENDANT LA GUERRE CONTRE LES MONTAGNARDS, LES COSAQUES TROUVAIENT ELEGANT DE PARLER LA LANGUE DES CIRCASSIENS ET DONNERENT AINSI A LEURS ADVERAIRES LE TEMOIGNAGE D'ESTIME LE PLUS SPONTANE ET LE PLUS INCONTESTABLE, CELUI D'ETRE ADMIRE ET IMITE PAR SES ENNEMIS. ... L'OBSERVATEUR IMPARTIAL QUI CONSIDERE CETTE DESOLATION SE DEMANDE SI C'EST AINSI QUE DOIT PROCEDER LA CIVILISATION ET QUELS BESOINS LES RUSSES AVAIENT DE DETRUIRE CETTE PEUPLADE SI COURAGEUSE."}AU CAUCASE ET EN CHINE: (1797-1806). JAN POTOCKI. PARIS: PHEBUS, 1991. (264 PAGES. ISBN 2-85940-166-0). {AVEC SIX DESSINS DE L'AUTEUR. ILLUSTRE}AU NORD DE LA CHAINE DU CAUCASE, SOUVENIRS D'UNE MISSION. BARON J. DE BAYE. PARIS: LIBRAIRIE NILSSON, 1899.AU PAYS DE LA TOISON D'OR. ODETTE KEUN. PARIS: FLAMMARION, 1922. {THERE IS AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION IN THE LAND OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE: THROUGH INDEPENDENT MENCHEVIST GEORGIA BELOW}AUS DEM KAUKASUS. C. VON HAHN. LEIPZIG.AUS DEN HOCHREGIONEN DES KAUKASUS. GOTTFRIED MERZBACHER. 2 Bde., LEIPZIG, 1901.AU SUD DE LA CHAINE DU CAUCASE. BARON J. DE BAYE. PARIS: LIBRAIRIE NILSSON, 1899.A VAGABOND IN THE CAUCASUS, WITH SOME NOTES OF HIS EXPERIENCES AMONG THE RUSSIANS. STEPHEN GRAHAM. LONDON: JOHN LANE, THE BODLEY HEAD; NEW YORK: JOHN LANE COMPANY MCMXI, 1911. (311 PAGES). {WITH SIXTEEN ILLUSTRATIONS AND TWO MAPS}A WINTER JOURNEY THROUGH RUSSIA, THE CAUCASIAN ALPS, AND GEORGIAN. THENCE ACROSS MOUNT ZAGROS, BY THE PASS OF XENOPHON AND THE TEN THOUSAND GREEKS, INTO KOORDISTAN. CAPTAIN R. MIGNAN. LONDON: REIHARD BENTLEY, 1839. IN TWO VOLUMES.A YEAR AMONG THE CIRCASSIANS. JOHN AUGUSTUS LONGWORTH. LONDON: HENRY COLBURN, 1840. (IN TWO VOLUMES. Vol. 2: 351 PAGES). {IN Vol. 2 THERE IS AN ACCOUNT OF THE KABARDIAN STRUGGLE AGAINST RUSSIAN DOMINATION. THE AUTHOR WAS A CORRESPONDENT OF THE TIMES. HE STAYED A YEAR WITH THE CIRCASSIANS TOGETHER WITH JAMES STANISLAUS BELL (SEE A JOURNAL OF RESIDENCE IN CIRCASSIA BELOW)}BEMERKUNGEN AUF EINER REISE IN DIE SUDLICHEN STATTHALTERSCHAFTEN DES RUSSISCHEN REICHS IN DEN JAHREN 1793 UND 1794. P. S. PALLAS. LEIPZIG, 1799-1801, 2 Vols, AND 1803 (illustrated edition). {"Vol. I gives a brief account of the Adygheis, Abazins, Nogais, Ossetians, Ingushes, Chechens and Svans. It is a compilation based on literary sources and on the testimony of well-informed persons such as Lieutenant-Colonel Steder, who was senior quartermaster on the Caucasian Line in the 1790's." - T. Trilati, p. 121 in LITERATURE ON OSSETIA AND THE OSSETIANS [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, Vol. 1, No. 6, MUNICH, 1958, PP. 107-126]}BESCHREIBUNG ALLER NATIONEN DES RUSSISCHEN REICHES ETC. JOHANN GOTTLIEB GEORGI. St. PETERSBURG, 1776-1780. 4 Vols.BESCHREIBUNG DER KAUKASISCHEN LAENDER, HRGG. VON J. KLAPROTH. I. A. GUELDENSTEDT. BERLIN, 1834.BESCHREIBUNG DES KAUKASUS. Dr. REINEGGS. {TRANSLATION OF REINEGGS' WORKS IN A GENERAL, HISTORICAL, AND TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF MOUNT CAUCASUS. LONDON, 1807 BY CHARLES WILKINSON}BILDER AUS DEM KAUKASUS. C. VON HAHN. LEIPZIG.BLACK SEA: THE BIRTHPLACE OF CIVILISATION AND BARBARISM. NEAL ASCHERSON. LONDON: JONATHAN CAPE, 1995; VINTAGE, 1996, NEW YORK: HILL AND WANG, 1996. (306 PAGES). {JOINT WINNER OF THE 1995 SALTIRE SCOTTISH BOOK OF THE YEAR AWARD. "BLACK SEA IS A BOOK ABOUT A GREAT INLAND SEA, AND ABOUT EUROPEAN HISTORY FROM THE TIME OF HERODOTUS TO THE FALL OF COMMUNISM AND THE NEW WORLD ORDER. IT IS FULL OF TRAGIC DISAPPEARANCES AND UNFORGETTABLE STORIES." "HISTORY INTERSPERSED WITH PERSONAL REMINISCENCES. A MARVELLOUS BBOK." IN CHAPTER TEN THERE IS AN ACCOUNT OF THE 1992-3 ABKHAZ-GEORGIAN WAR, WHICH RESULTED IN DE FACTO INDEPENDENCE FOR ABKHAZIA. NEAL ASCHERSON WAS BORN IN EDINBURGH. HE REPORTED FROM ASIA, AFRICA AND CENTRAL EUROPE FOR THE OBSERVER, WHERE HE LATER BEGAN THE CELEBRATED WEEKLY COLUMN THAT NOW APPEARS IN THE INDEPENDENT ON SUNDAY. HE WAS JOURNALIST OF THE YEAR IN 1986. REVIEWED BY ANTHONY HYMAN IN CENTRAL ASIAN SURVEY, Vol. 15, No. 1, 1996, P. 135 ff., AND BY DIANNE E. FARRELL IN SLAVIC REVIEW, Vol. 55, No. 2, SUMMER 1996, P. 477}BRUXELLE OU LE CAUCASE? [JEUNE AFRIQUE (ISSN 0021-6089), No. 1792, 1995, P. 28 ff.], M. BUFFARD.CAPTIVITY. E. A. VERDEREVSKY, 1857.CASUALS IN THE CAUCASUS. THE DIARY OF A SPORTING HOLIDAY. AGNES HERBERT. LONDON: JOHN LANE, THE BODLEY HEAD. NEW YORK: JOHN LANE COMPANY MCMXII. 1912. (331 PAGES). {WITH 22 ILLUSTRATIONS}CAUCASE. ANDRE BEUCLER. Ed. EMILE-PAUL, PARIS, 1931.CAUCASE. ARMAND GASPARD. LAUSANNE, 1969.CAUCASIA. IN ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA.CAUCASIA. F. GILLE, 1859.CAUCASIA: A HANDBOOK. LONDON, 1920. IN THE FOREIGN OFFICE, THE HISTORICAL SECTION.CAUCASIAN JOURNEY. NEGLEY FARSON, 1951; LONDON: EVANS BROTHERS LTD, 1952; LONDON: TRAVEL BOOK CLUB, 1952. (162 PAGES. ASIN: 0140095810). / UNI. MAN. {A REPRINT OF THIS BOOK IS AVAILABLE UNDER THE TITLE THE LOST WORLD OF THE CAUCASUS}CAUCASIAN MOUNTAIN FOLK: OLD WAYS AND NEW. AKHMET PSHEMAKHOVICH MALSAGOV. MOSCOW: NOVOSTI PRESS AGENCY PUBLISHING HOUSE, 1984. (TRANSLATED BY PETER TEMPEST).CAUCASIANS ONLY. C. G. VOSE. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS, 1969.Caucasian Territory at the End of the Eighteenth Century: A Map [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 2, 1956, P. 156].CAUCASUS WORLD TRAVEL MAP.CERKES. C[HANTAL] QUELQUEJAY, DAVID AYALON AND H. INALCIK. IN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ISLAM, 1971 EDITION.CHANTS X ET XI DE L'ODYSSEE. HOMERE (900 B.C.).CIRCASSIA [CENTRAL ASIAN SURVEY, Vol. 14, No. 1, (March) 1995, pp. 107-25], RIEKS SMEETS.CIRCASSIA. JOHN CHARDIN.CIRCASSIA: DESCRIPTION AND TRAVEL. GEORGE PAULETT CAMERON. LONDON: H. COLBURN, 1845.CIRCASSIAN. KADIR NATHO.CIRCASSIANS: A TOUR TO THE CAUCASUS. GEORGE LEIGHTON DITSON (1812-1894). LONDON: T. C. NEWBY, NEW YORK: STRINGER-TOWNSHEND, 1850. {THE AUTHOR, AN AMERICAN, VISITED THE CAUCASUS IN 1848. HIS SYMPATHIES WERE WHOLY WITH THE RUSSIANS. HE DEDICATED HIS PUBLISHED ACCOUNT OF HIS TRAVELS TO PRINCE MICHAEL VORONTSOV, THEN IN HIS FOURTH YEAR AS VICEROY OF THE CAUCASUS. ALTHOUGH HE HAD NO CONTACT WITH INDEPENDENT CIRCASSIANS, AND MOST OF HIS BOOK DEALS WITH THE CRIMEA, GEORGIA AND REPORTS OF SHAMIL'S STRUGGLE, DITSON'S CHOICE OF TITLE DEMONSTRATES THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE CIRCASSIANS AS A PEOPLE HAD COME TO SYMBOLISE CAUCASIAN RESISTANCE TO THE RUSSIANS. THE BOOK CONFIRMS THE EXISTENCE OF A STALEMATE IN THE WESTERN CAUCASUS AT THIS TIME. PRINCE KOCHUBEY IS CITED THUS: THESE CIRCASSIANS ARE JUST LIKE YOUR AMERICAN INDIANS -- AS UNTAMABLE AND UNCIVILIZED .. AND, OWING TO THEIR NATURAL ENERGY OF CHARACTER, EXTERMINATION ONLY WOULD KEEP THEM QUIET, OR ... IF THEY CAME UNDER RUSSIAN RULE, THE ONLY SAFE POLICY WOULD BE TO EMPLOY THEIR WILD AND WARLIKE TASTES AGAINST OTHERS}CIRCASSIANS. JOHN COLARUSSO. IN THE CULTURES OF THE SOVIET UNION. PAUL FRIEDRICH (Ed.), IN THE SERIES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF WORLD CULTURES. DAVID LEVINSON (Ed.). NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT: HUMAN RELATION AREA FILES, Inc.CIRCASSIANS, NORTHERN CAUCASIANS. R. TRAKHO. MUNICH, 1956. / WARDROP COLLECTION.CIRCASSIA: OR A TOUR TO THE CAUCASUS. GEORGE LEIGHTON DITSON (1812-1894). LIBRARY OF AMERICAN CIVILIZATION. LAC 11539. NEW YORK: STRINGERT AND TOWNSEND, 1850. (453 PAGES).CIRCASSIE. S. E. ROLLAND, 1862. (747 PAGES).CRIMEE, CIRCASSIE ET GEORGIE. CESAR FAMIN. {THE CRIMEA, CIRCASSIA AND GEORGIA}DAGESTAN: LAND AND PEOPLE ON THE LAND [THE VASH VIBOR, No. 3, 1994], VLADIMIR BOBROVNIKOV. {THE WRITER IS A FELLOW OF THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES AT THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES}DAS ASIATISCHE RUSSLAND. HERMANN ROSKOSCHNY. LEIPZIG. 2 Vol.DE ADMINISTRANDO IMPERIO. CONSTANTINUS PORPHYR. (952 A.D.). LUGD. BAT., ELZEVIRI, 1611.DE LA REUNION DE LA MER CASPIENNE A LA MER NOIRE PAR M. LE DOCTEUR BERGSTRAESSER, CONSEILLER D'ETAT ET DIRECTEUR DES SALINES DU GOUVERNEMENT D'ASTRAKHAN. PARIS: ARTHUS BERTRAND, 1899. In-8 AVEC GRANDE CARTE.DE MURO CAUCASICO, P. 430, DES COMMENTAIRES DE L'ACADEMIE DE SAINT-PETERSBOURG, T. I. BOYER.DE NOORD-KAUKASUS [KOLOKOLCHIK 4, 1994, pp. 13-23], RIEKS SMEETS.DER KAUKASUS. ESSAD BEY, 1930.DER KAUKASUS: EINE NATURHISTORISCHE SOWIE LAND- UND VOLKSWIRTSCHAFTLICHE STUDIE AUSGEFURT IM JAHRE 1863 UND 1864. ALEXANDER PETZHOLDT. LEIPZIG: VERLAG VON HERMAN FRIES, ERSTER BAND (Vol. I), 1866, 387 S., ZWEITER BAND (Vol. II), 1867, 386 S.DER KAUKASUS, PHYSISCH-GEOGRAPHISCH, STATISTISCH, ETNOGRAPHISCH, UND STRATEGISCH. N. DANILEWSKI. LEIPZIG, 1847. {Some sources give R. Danilevsky. "A description of the peoples of the Northwest and Central Caucasus and Daghestan. Contains numerous errors, which gave rise to much criticism at the time." - T. Trilati, p. 113 in LITERATURE ON OSSETIA AND THE OSSETIANS [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, Vol. 1, No. 6, MUNICH, 1958, pp. 107-26]}DER KAUKASUS. Russlands offene Wunde. Neef, Christian. Hg. Wilhelm Sternburg. Berlin: Aufbau Taschenbuch Verlag, 1997. (127 S., 12 DM.)DER KAUKASUS UND SEINE VOLKER. R. VON ERCKERT. LEIPZIG, 1887 (1888).DER NORDFUS DES DAGESTAN UND DAS VORLAGERNDE TIEFLAND BIS ZUR KUMA: VORLAUFIGER BERICHT UBER DIE IM SOMMER 1894 AUSGEFUHRTEN REISEN. GUSTAV RADDE UND E. KOENIG. GOTHA: PERTHES, 1895. (65 S.). {ERGANZUNGSHEFT ... ZU "PETERMANNS MITTEILUNGEN"; 117. (WEITERE) EINTRAGE PERSONENNAMEN: KOENIG, E.}DESCRIPTION DU CAUCASE ET DES PAYS AVOISINANT LA MER NOIRE ET LA MER CASPIENNE, PAR MASSOUDI, TRADUIT DANS LE MAGASIN ASIATIQUE DE KLAPROTH. PARIS, 1835, P. 258. {ACCOUNT OF MASSOUDI'S TRAVELS IN THE CAUCASUS CIRCA 943 A. D.}DESCRIPTION OF MOUNT CAUCASUS. CHARLES WILKINSON. LONDON, 1807. {SEE A GENERAL, HISTORICAL, ETC. ABOVE}DE SITU ORBIS. STRABO (29 A.D.). BASIL, 1549.DES PEUPLES DU CAUCASE ET DES PAYS AU NORD DE LA MER NOIRE ET DE LA MER CASPIENNE AU X SIECLE, OU VOYAGE D'ABOU-EL-CASSIM. BARON ABRAHAM KONSTANTIN MOURADGEA D'HOSSON. PARIS, 1828. / WARDROP COLLECTION.DIE ABCHASEN [GLOBUS, LXVI, pp. 17, 54, 73. BRAUNSCHWEIG, 1894], N. VON SEIDLITZ.DIE BERGOSSEN UND IHR LAND. GEORG NIORADZE. BERLIN, 1923.DIE EISZEITLICHEN GLETSCHER OSSETIENS (ZENTRALER KAUKASUS). ANATOLY L. VON REINHARD. STUTTGART: J. ENGELHORNS NACHF., 1931.DIE KAUKASISCHEN LAENDER UND ARMENIEN IN REISESCHILDERUNGEN VON GURZEN. C. KOCH. LEIPZIG, 1855; 2nd Edition, 1865; 3rd Edition, 1867.DIE KAUKASISCHEN VOLKER. A. BYHAN. IN BUSCHAN'S ILLUSTRIERTER VOLKERKUNDE Bd. II, 2. TEIL.DIE TSCHETSCHENEN. FORSCHUNGEN ZUR VOLKERKUNDE DER NORDOSTLICHEN KAUKAZUSAUF GRUND VON REISEN IN DEN JAHREN 1918-20 UND 1927-8. BRUNO PLAETSCHKE. HAMBURG, 1929. {THE CHECHENS. WITH 68 PLATES, A MAP AND 24 PHOTOGRAPHS. AN ARABIC TRANSLATION BY Dr. AHMAD R. ZANDAQI IS AVAILABLE, PUBLISHED BY HAMEED YUNIS, AMMAN-JORDAN}DIE VOLKER DAS KAUKASUS [ASIEN-BERICHTE, V, 1944], R[OBERT] BLEICHSTEINER.DIE VOLKER DES KAUKASUS NACH DEN BERICHTEN DER REISEBESCHREIBER NEBST EIN ANHANG ZUR GESCHICHTE DES KAUKASUS, V. C. ROMMEL, AVEC UNE CARTE DES PEUPLES DU CAUCASE. WEIMAR, 1808. AUSDEM ARCHIV FUR ETHNOGRAPHIE UND LINGUISTIK BESONDERS ABGEDRUCHT (1 BANDS, St.).DIE VOLKER DES KAUKASUS UND IHRE FREIHEITSKAMPFE GEGEN DIE RUSSEN. FRIEDRICH BODENSTEDT. FRANKFURT/MAIN: VERLAG LIZIUS, 1849; PARIS, 1859.DIE VORHALLE EUROAPISCHER VOLKER-GESCHICHTEN VOR HERODOTUS, UM DEN KAUKASUS UND AN DEN GESTADEN DES PONTUS, V. CARL RITTER. BERLIN, 1820.Dr. JACOB REINEGGS, ALLGEMEINE HISTORICHE, TOPOGRAPHISCHE BESCHREIBUNG DES KAUKASUS, HERAUSG. VON FR. ENOCH SCHRODER. S.-PETERSBOURG UND GOTHA, 1796. TWO VOLUMES. {SEE A GENERAL, HISTORICAL, ETC. ABOVE FOR AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION}Dr J.-A. GULDENSTADT'S, BESCHREIBUNG DER KAUKASISCHEN LANDER, VON J. KLAPROTH, BERLIN, 1834. 1 Vol. in-8.DU CAUCASE AUX MONTS ALAI (TRANSCASPIE, BOUKHARIE, FERGANAH). JULES LECLERQ. PARIS: PLON, 1890.DU DANUBE AU CAUCASE. VOYAGES ET LITTERATURE. X. MARNIER. PARIS, 1854.DURCH DEN KAUKASUS ZUR VOLGA. FRIDTJOF NANSEN, 1932. {ENGLISH TRANSLATION THROUGH THE CAUCASUS TO THE VOLGA BELOW. THE ORIGINAL IS IN NORWEGIAN}EGYPT FOR THE EGYPTIANS. ALEXANDER SCHOLCH. / UNI MAN. {ACCOUNT OF ROLE OF CIRCASSIANS IN THE DISTURBANCES OF 1882. VERY INTERESTING}EIN OPFERFEST BEI DEN ADIGHE IM KAUKASUS [GLOBUS, BAND 2, pp. 378-80. HILDBURGSHAUSEN, 1862], THEODOR LAPINSKI.EN CAUCASE. A. E. MURCH. / UNI. MAN.ENCORE SUR LES CONTEMPORAINS, LEURS OEUVRES ET LEURS MOEURS. V. E. P CHASLES. ROLLIN Vol. V, P 601. {INTERESTING BIT ABOUT CIRCASSIA IN WAR}EN GEORGIE. BARON J. DE BAYE. EXTRAIT DE LA REVUE DE GEOGRAPHIE. LIBRAIRIE NILSSON, PARIS, 1898.ERSTER VERSUCH EINER ERKLARUNG KAUKASISCHER NAMEN. C. VON HAHN. STUTTGART, 1910.ESQUISSES CIRCASSIENNES - ESQUISSES SUR LE CAUCASE. ALEXANDER MARLINSKY. PARIS, 1854.ETRANGE CAUCASE -- RECITS ET COUTUMES. ALEXANDRE GRIGORIANTZ. FAYARD, 1978.ETUDE GEOGRAPHIQUE SUR LE CAUCASE PAR STRABON [NOUVELLES ANNALES DES VOYAGES, PARIS, Vol. 132], VIVIEN SAINT-MARTIN.EXCURSION AU SAMOURZAKAN ET EN ABKASIE, 1881. CARLA SERENA. PARIS: LE TOUR DU MONDE, 1885.{Other sources give Excursion en Samourzacan et en Abkhazie, 1882}EXCURSION DANS LE CAUCASE, DE LA MER NOIRE A LA MER CASPIENNE. L'IMERETHIE,PROVINCE DU CAUCASE. CARLA SERENA. PARIS: LE TOUR DU MONDE, 1880.FIRE AND SWORD IN THE CAUCASUS. LUIGI VILLARI, 1906. (480 PAGES).FLORA TAURICO-CAUCASICA EXHIBENS STIRPES PHAENOGAMAS, IN CHERSONESO TAURICA ET REGIONIBUS CAUCASICIS SPONTE CRESCENTES. AUCTORE L.B. FRIDERICO MARSCHALL A BIEBERSTEIN ... CHARKOUIAE, TYPIS ACADEMICIS, 1808-19. (3 Vols. 24 cm.). {Vol. 3 HAS TITLE: FLORA TAURICO-CAUCASICA ... SUPPLEMENTUM CONTINENS PLANTAS PHANEROGAMAS ... POST EDITA PRIORA VOLUMINA DETECTAS, ET IN PRISTINAS ANIMADUERSIONES}GARNERED SHEAVES. SIR J. G. FRAZER. [Essays, addresses, etc.] {RELATES HOW CIRCASSIANS USED TO TREAT THE ILL BY KEEPING HIM AWAKE}GEOGR. CL. PTOLEMEI (211 A.D.). Ed. MERCAT.GEOGRAPHIA, TABULA XVIII, EXHIBENS ARMENIAM, ARRAN ET AZEIRBEIGAN. ABULFEDAE (1200 A.D.). BUSCHING'S MAGAZ., 5ter THEIL, P. 305. {ABULFEDA'S ACCOUNT OF THE CAUCASUS}GEOGRAPHIE. ABOULFEDA. TR. FR. PAR REINAUD, PARIS, 1848-1883.GEOGRAPHIE. SCYMNUS DE CHIO (92 B.C.). Ed. HUDSON, II, P. 46.GEOGRAPHIE. STRABON. TRAD. FR. DE TARDIEU, T. II, PARIS, 1873.GEOGRAPHIE DE MOISE DE COREANE. Ps.-MOSES OF KHORENE. Ed. A. SOUKRY, VENICE, 1881.GEOGRAPHISCHE MITTHEILUNGEN (GOTHA), 26, 1880. A. PETERMANN (Ed.).GEOGRAPHY. STRABO. CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS AND LONDON, 1983.GEOGRAPHY OF BLACK SEA COAST [SCOTTISH GEOGRAPHICAL MAGAZINE, V. 20, PP. 285-305]. / UNI. MAN.GEOGRAPHY OF THE USSR: A REGIONAL SURVEY. THEODORE SHABAD. NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1951.GEORGIA, ARMENIA, AND AZERBAIJAN. ELIZABETH ROBERTS. BROOKFIELD, CONNECTICT: MILLBROOK PRESS, 1992.GEORGIA: IN THE MOUNTAINS OF POETRY. PETER NASMYTH. IN THE SERIES: CAUCASUS WORLD. SERIES EDITOR: NICHOLAS AWDE. RICHMOND, SURREY, ENGLAND: CURZON PRESS, ?GEORGIE, TERRE GENEREUSE. G. DJAVAKHICHVILI. PARIS: C.D.L.P., 1960.GESCHICHTE DER ORIENTALISCHEN VOLKER RUSSLANDS BIS 1917. E. SARKISYANZ. MUNCHEN, 1961.GESCHICHTE DER STAATEN VON GEORGIEN, ENTWORFEN VON GEORG. AUG. VON BREITENBAUCH, 1788.GIORGIO INTERIANO, GENOVESE A M. ALDO MANUTIO ROMANO, DELLA VITA DE ZYCHI CHIAMATI CIRCASSI. RAMUSIO, RACCOLTA DI VIAGGI, t. II, P. 197. VENETIA, 1583.{ACCOUNT OF INTERIANO'S TRAVELS IN CIRCASSIA IN 1551 A.D.}GUEST OF THE SOVIETS. JOYCE DUNSHEATH. LONDON, 1959. {MOUNTAINEERING AND EXPLORATION OF THE CAUCASUS}HEROES: THE ARGONAUTS. KINGSLEY. {ALSO ENTERED UNDER THE ARGONAUTS BELOW. "AND AT DAY-DAWN THEY LOOKED EASTWARD, AND MIDWAY BETWEEN THE SEA AND THE SKY THEY SAW WHITE SNOW-PEAKS HANGING, GLITTERING SHARP AND BRIGHT ABOVE THE CLOUDS. AND THEY KNEW THAT THEY WERE COME TO THE CAUCASUS AT THE END OF ALL THE EARTH: CAUCASUS THE HIGHEST OF ALL MOUNTAINS, THE FATHER OF THE RIVERS OF THE EAST. ON HIS PEAK IS CHAINED THE TITAN, WHILE A VULTURE TEARS HIS HEART; AND AT HIS FEET ARE PILED DARK FORESTS ROUND THE MAGIC COLCHIAN LAND"}HIGHLANDERS; TRAVELS IN THE CAUCASUS. YO'AV KARNY. FARRAR STRAUS GIROUX, SEPTEMBER 1999. (320 pages. Hardcover, ISBN: 0374226024)HIST. NATURALIS. PLINII (74 A.D.). Ed. DALECAMPII, 1606.HISTORICAL-GEOGRAPHIC ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT AND SETTLEMENT OF THE BLACK SEA COAST OF THE CAUCASUS [SOVIET GEOGRAPHY, Vol. 15, No. 3, MARCH 1974, PP. 156-63], Iu. T. PYSHNOVA.HOPE AGAINST HOPE, A MEMOIR. NADEZHDA MANDELSTAM. LONDON: COLLINS HARVILL, 1989. (TRANSLATED BY MAX HAYWARD). {A BIT ON ABKHAZIA ON PP. 323-4}I COME FROM BEHIND KAF MOUNTAIN; THE SPIRITUAL AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF MURAT YAGAN. VERNON, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA: KEBZEH PUBLICATIONS, 1997. (177 PAGES). {"I WAS FASCINATED BY MURAT YAGAN'S AUTO BIOGRAPHY, "I COME FROM BEHIND KAF MOUNTAIN," IT RELATES HIS INITIATION INTO THE WORLD OF SUFISM THROUGH EQUESTRIAN TRAINING IN A REMOTE AND MOUNTAINOUS PART OF THE CAUCASUS." LOREENA McKENNITT'S COMMENT ON NIGHT RIDE ACROSS THE CAUCASUS IN THE BOOK OF SECRETS}IM KAUKASUS (BERGBESTEIGUNGEN UND REISEERLEBNISSE IM SOMMER 1914). CARL [VON] EGGER. BASEL: FROBENIUS, 1915. (144 PAGES). {Mountaineering in the Caucasus. With 78 illustrations and two panoramic views of the Caucasus Range}IM KAUKASUS. PRINCE ALBERT DE PRUSSE, 1862. {LES PRINCES ABAZES LOOU DESCENDENT D'UN CROISE PRUSSIEN, LE BARON LOE}IMPERIUM. RYSZARD KAPUSCINSKI. NEW YORK: KNOPF, 1994. {"Kapuscinski is a Polish journalist who contrasts his former travels in the U.S.S.R. with his current travels in the same lands today, Abkhazia included," - JonArno Lawson (Canadian poet)}IMPRESSIONS DE VOYAGE, LE CAUCASE. ALEXANDRE DUMAS. PARIS: CALMANN-LEVY, EDITEURS. (290 pages).INDUSTRIE ET ECONOMIE DES ABAZES, PAR PAUL GUIBAL, COURRIER DE LA NOUVELLE-RUSSIE, 25 DECEMBRE 1831, 6 JANVIER 1832. No. 103.IN THE LAND OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE: THROUGH INDEPENDENT MENCHEVIST GEORGIA. ODETTE KEUN. LONDON: JOHN LANE, 1924. {THIS IS A TRANSLATION OF FRENCH ORIGINAL AU PAYS DE LA TOISON D'OR ABOVE}INTRODUCTION TO THE GEORGIAN REPUBLIC. ROGER ROSEN. HONG KONG: ODYSSEY, THE GUIDEBOOK COMPANY LTD, 1991.JOURNAL DU VOYAGE DE CH. J. CHARDIN, EN PERSE ET AUX INDES ORIENTALES PAR LA MER-NOIRE ET LA COLCHIDE. LONDRES, 1686, in-folio. N'A QU'UN PREMIER VOLUME. PARIS, 1883.{ACCOUNT OF CHARDIN'S VOYAGES MADE IN 1671-2 A.D.}JOURNAL OF A RESIDENCE IN CIRCASSIA DURING THE YEARS 1837, 1838 AND 1839. JAMES STANISLAUS BELL. LONDON: EDWARD MOXON, 1840. (TWO VOLUMES. Vol. 1: XXIV, 453 PAGES. Vol. 2: VIII, 488 PAGES). / UNI. MAN. {THE AUTHOR IS A BRITISH MERCHANT. HE DESCRIBES THE PEOPLE AND TRADE PROSPECTS WITH APPENDIX ON THE IMPACT OF RUSSIAN CONTROL OF THE CIRCASSIANS. IT IS THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE FIRST-HAND ACCOUNT OF THE RUSSO-CIRCASSIAN WARS IN THE LATTER PART OF THE 1830s. "IN 1837 A CIRCASSIAN PRINCE POINTED OUT THE SACRED SPOT (AS THEY JUSTLY ESTEEM IT) WHERE DAUD BEY [DAVID URQUHART] HAD HELD (JUST THREE YEARS AGO [IN 1834]) HIS MEETING WITH THE CHIEFTAINS OF THIS NEIGHBOURHOOD, AND FIRST INSPIRED THEM WITH THE IDEA OF COMBINING THEMSELVES WITH THE OTHER INHABITANTS OF THE MOUNTAIN PROVINCES AS A NATION, UNDER ONE GOVERNMENT AND STANDARD." BELL CHARTERED A VESSEL, THE VIXEN, WHICH WAS CAPTURED LATE IN 1836 BY THE RUSSIANS WHEN IT WAS TRYING TO RUN THEIR BLOCKADE OF THE CIRCASSIAN COAST WITH A CARGO OF SALT. HE REMAINED ACTIVE IN THE CIRCASSIAN CAUSE UNTIL 1840. HE STAYED IN CIRCASSIA FOR LONG PERIODS DURING 1837-9, ACCOMPANYING THE CIRCASSIANS ON RAIDS BEHIND THE RUSSIAN LINES. THERE IS AN ABSTRACT OF TREATIES BETWEEN RUSSIA AND TURKEY RELATING TO CIRCASSIA, PP. 460-81 OF THE APPENDIX. THE FOLLOWING ENTRY IS A FRENCH TRANSLATION. THERE ARE ALSO GERMAN AND DANISH TRANSLATIONS}JOURNAL D'UNE RESIDENCE EN CIRCASSIE PENDANT LES ANNEES 1837-1839. JAMES STANISLAUS BELL. PARIS: ARTHUS BERTRAND, LIBRAIRE, 1841. TWO VOLUMES. {TRANSLATED BY LOUIS VIVIEN. TRADUIT DE L'ANGLAIS, AUGMENTE D'UNE INTRODUCTION HISTORIQUE ET GEOGRAPHIQUE, ET DE NOTES TIREES D'OUVRAGES RECENTS ET NON TRADUITS. ACCOMPAGNES DE PLUSIEURS PLANCHES ET CARTE. A BIBLIOGRAPHY IS PROVIDED IN THE PREFACE}JOURNEY. SIR HENRY NORMAN. / UNI. MAN.JOURNEY IN THE CAUCASUS, PERSIA AND TURKEY IN ASIA. MAX GUIDO FRANZ, FREIHERR VON THIELMAN. LONDON: JOHN MURRAY, 1875. TWO VOLUMES. / UNI. MAN. {This is a translation from originalSTREIFZUGE IM KAUKASUS, IN PERSIEN UND IN DER ASIATISCHEN TURKEI(see below), by Charles Heneage}? JOURNEY. ADVENTURES IN CIRCASSIA. GEORGE POULETT CAMERON.JOURNEY IN THE CAUCASUS, THE ASCENT OF KASBEK AND ELBRUZ [ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL, LONDON, 8. V. 39, 1869, pp. 50-77], DOUGLAS W. FRESHFIELD.JOURNEY TO ARMENIA. CRITICAL PROSE AND LETTERS. OSIP MANDELSTAM. EDITED BY JANE G. HARRIS. ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN: ARDIS PUBLISHERS, 1990. (Translated by Jane G. Harris and Constance Link). {"In the 1930's the Russian poet Osip Mandelstam travelled to Armenia and he wrote a long essay about it. One section of it deals with Abkhazia - pp. 360-2 and 384-8" - JonArno Lawson (Canadian poet)}KAUKASIEN. I. ERHORN. BERLIN, 1942.KAUKASISCHE VOLKER. ROBERT BLEICHSTEINER. IN REALLEX. OF EBERT. {"The Circassians, Mingrelians, Svans and Gourians are Nordic Indo-Europeans who sojourned in the Caucasus during their migration"}KAUKASUS. REISEN UND FORSCHUNGEN IM KAUKASISCHEN HOCHGEBIRGE. MORIZ VON DECHY. BERLIN. 2 Volumes.KAUKAZ. SKIC GEOGRAFICZNO-OPISOWY. WALERIAN TEWZADZE. WARSAW, 1933.KHINALUG. RONALD WIXMAN. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ISLAM, 3rd Edition. {"One of the North-Eastern (NE) Caucasian peoples. Self-designation: Kttitturdur. Russian designation: Khinalugi. According to the 1926 Russian census, there were 105 ethnic Khinalug, and 1,540 spoke the language. The Khinalug are located in the Shakhdag area, aul Khinalug on the upper right arm of the Kudialchai (rayon Konakhkend, Azerbaidzhan). Khinalug (Kttid mits) is one of the six main divisions of NE Caucasian, the others being Avar-Andi-Dido, Lak-Dargwa, Samurian, Udi, and Veinakh. It is not written, Azeri being used as the literary language. The traditional economy consists of cattle-breeding. The Khinalug are Sunni Muslims." - PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS: A SYNOPSIS. BERNARD GEIGER, TIBOR HALASI-KUN, AERT H. KUIPERS AND KARL H. MENGES. JANUA LINGUARUM SERIES, V, No. 6. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. THE HAGUE: MOUTON & CO., 1959}KHUNZAL. RONALD WIXMAN. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ISLAM, 3rd Edition. {"One of the North-Eastern (NE) Caucasian peoples. Self-designation: (R:) Khunzami. Russian designations: Khunzaly, Gun(d)zaly, Gunzebi, Gunzibtsy, Enzebi, Nakhada. According to the 1926 Russian census, there were 106 ethnic Khunzal, and 129 spoke the language. The Khinalug are located in auls Khunzib and Garbutl (with former Nakhada) (rayon Tliarata, Dagestan). Khunzal forms with Khvarshi, Dido, Kapucha, and Ginukh, the Dido sub-group of the Avaro-Ando-Dido group of the NE Caucasian languages. Khunzal, Kapucha and Ginukh are now regarded as dialects of the same language. It is not written, Avar being used as the literary language. The traditional economy consists of cattle-breeding, agriculture and crafts. The Khunzal are Sunni Muslims." - PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS: A SYNOPSIS. BERNARD GEIGER, TIBOR HALASI-KUN, AERT H. KUIPERS AND KARL H. MENGES. JANUA LINGUARUM SERIES, V, No. 6. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. THE HAGUE: MOUTON & CO., 1959}KHVARSI. RONALD WIXMAN. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ISLAM, 3rd Edition. {"One of the North-Eastern (NE) Caucasian peoples. Self-designation: Kedaes hikwa; (R:) Khuani, Khvarshal. Russian designations: Khvarshiny, Khvarshintsy. According to the 1926 Russian census, there were 1,019 ethnic Khvarshi, and 1,018 spoke the language. The Khvarshi live in rayon Vedeno, Dagestan, to which they were removed in 1944. Formerly they are located on a southern tributary of the Andiiskoe Koisu, south west of the Bagulal area (auls Khvarshi, Inkhokari, etc., Dagestan). Khvarshi (Kedaes mits, Inkhies mits, depending on village) forms with Khunzal, Dido, Kapucha, and Ginukh, the Dido sub-group of the Avaro-Ando-Dido group of the NE Caucasian languages. It is not written, Avar being used as the literary language. The traditional economy consists mainly of cattle-breeding and agriculture. The Khvarshi are Sunni Muslims." - PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS: A SYNOPSIS. BERNARD GEIGER, TIBOR HALASI-KUN, AERT H. KUIPERS AND KARL H. MENGES. JANUA LINGUARUM SERIES, V, No. 6. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. THE HAGUE: MOUTON & CO., 1959}KRIZ. RONALD WIXMAN. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ISLAM, 3rd Edition. {"One of the North-Eastern (NE) Caucasian peoples. Self-designation: There is no general appellation. Russian designation: Kryzy. They form one people with the Dzhek and Khaput. According to the 1926 Russian census, there were 5!? ethnic Kryz, and 4,348 spoke the generic language, Dzhek. The Kryz live in the village Kryz in the Mt. Shakhdag area, in the basin of the upper right arm of the Kudialchai (Konakhkend rayon, Azerbaidzhan). The Kryz language is a subdivision of Dzhek, which forms with Lezghian, Agul, Tsakhur, Tabasaran, Budukh, and Rutul, the Samurian subdivision of the NE Caucasian languages. It is not written, Azeri being used as the literary language. The traditional economy consists of cattle-breeding, agriculture and horticulture. The Kryz are Sunni Muslims." - PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS: A SYNOPSIS. BERNARD GEIGER, TIBOR HALASI-KUN, AERT H. KUIPERS AND KARL H. MENGES. JANUA LINGUARUM SERIES, V, No. 6. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. THE HAGUE: MOUTON & CO., 1959}KUBACHI. RONALD WIXMAN. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ISLAM, 3rd Edition. {"One of the North-Eastern (NE) Caucasian peoples. Self-designation: Ughbug; (R:) Ogbuk. Russian designation: Kubachintsy. According to the 1926 Russian census, there were 2,322 ethnic Kubachi, and 2,470 spoke the language. The Kubachi live in aul Kubachi in rayon Dakhadaev, Dagestan. The Kubachi language (Ughbughan hub) forms with the closely related Dargwa and Kaitak the Dargwa sub-group of the Lak-Dargwa group of the NE Caucasian languages. It is now regarded as a Dargwa dialect, Aqusha Dargwa being used as the literary language. The traditional economy consists of cattle-breeding, goldsmithing, incrustation work and weapon-making. The Kubachi are Sunni Muslims." - PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS: A SYNOPSIS. BERNARD GEIGER, TIBOR HALASI-KUN, AERT H. KUIPERS AND KARL H. MENGES. JANUA LINGUARUM SERIES, V, No. 6. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. THE HAGUE: MOUTON & CO., 1959}LA COTE D'AZURE RUSSE (RIVIERA DU CAUCASE). VOYAGE EN RUSSIE MERIDIONALE, AU CAUCASE OCCIDENTAL ET EN TRANSCAUCASIE (MISSION DU GOUVERNEMENT RUSSE, 1903). E. A. MARTEL. PARIS: LIBRAIRIE CH. DELAGRAVE. (358 pages). {Avec 388 gravures, 34 plans et coupes et 1 carte en couleurs}LA GEORGIE. S. AND N. GOUGOUCHVILI AND D. AND O. ZOURABICHVILI. PARIS: PRESSES UNIVERSITAIRES DE FRANCE, COLLECTION "QUE SAIS-JE?", 1983.LAK. RONALD WIXMAN. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ISLAM, 3rd Edition. {"One of the North-Eastern (NE) Caucasian peoples. Self-designation: Lak, Lakuchu. Russian designations: Laki, Laktsy, Kazikumukhtsy. Other designations: (Avar:) Tumaw, pl. Tumal; (Lezgian:) Yakholshu. According to the 1926 Russian census, there were 40,380 ethnic Lak, and 40,336 spoke the language. In 1955, the number of Lak went well over 55,000 (estimate, Zhirkov). The Lak live in the basin of the upper Tleuserakh, Khatar, and Kazikumukhskoe Koisu (rayons Lak and Kula, separate villages in rayons Tsudakhar, Akusha, Rutul, Kurakh, Charoda, and Dakhadaev). Since 1944 also in the foothills of the Andi ridge (Novo-Lak rayon, Dagestan). The Lak language (Laku maz) forms with the Dargwa group of languages the Lak-Dargwa subdivision of the NE Caucasian languages, which include also Veinakh, Avaro-Ando-Dido, Samurian, Khinalug, and Udi. Lak has the status of a literary language in Dagestan; the written language is based on the Kumukh dialect. The traditional economy consists of cattle-breeding, production of leather goods and pottery, metal-work (weapons), and agriculture. The Lak are Sunni Muslims." - PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS: A SYNOPSIS. BERNARD GEIGER, TIBOR HALASI-KUN, AERT H. KUIPERS AND KARL H. MENGES. JANUA LINGUARUM SERIES, V, No. 6. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. THE HAGUE: MOUTON & CO., 1959}LA MINGRELIE. JULES MOURIER. PARIS, 1883.LA RUSSIE DANS L'ASIE MINEURE. F. FONTON. PARIS, 1840. {"A cursory survey of the peoples of the Caucasus, compiled from a number of other well-known publications which appeared in the 1830's." - T. Trilati, p. 113 in LITERATURE ON OSSETIA AND THE OSSETIANS [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, Vol. 1, No. 6, MUNICH, 1958, PP. 107-126]}L'ASIE RUSSE. E. RECLUS. IN GEOGRAPHIE UNIVERSELLE. SEE ASIE RUSSE.LA SVANETHIE LIBRE. R. BERNOUVILLE. PARIS, 1875.LA TRANSCAUCASIE ET LA PENINSULE D'APCHERON. CALOUSTE S. GULBENKIAN. PARIS, 1891.LA VITA ET SITO DE ZYCHI, CHIAMATI CIRCASSI, HISTORIA NOTABILE. GIORGIO INTERIANO. IN RAMUSIO, RACCOLTA DI VIAGGI, t. II, P. 197. VENETIA, 1583.LE CAUCASE ET LA PERSE. E. ORSOLLE. PARIS: PLON, 1885.LE CAUCASE GLACE - PROMENADE A TRAVERS UNE PARTIE DE LA CHAINE ET ASCENSION DU MONT ELBROUZ. PARIS, 1881. (Translated from English by Jules Leclerq).LE CAUCASE. JOURNAL DE VOYAGES ET ROMANS 19, pp. 147-50. DUMAS PERE (THE ELDER). PARIS, 1853.LE CAUCASE, LA PERSE ET LA TURQUIE D'ASIE, D'APRES LA RELATION DE M. LE BARON DE THIELMANN. BARON ERNOUF. PARIS: PLON, 1876. (in-12, (2)-367 pp., 16 gravures et 1 cart repliee, chag. noir (Rel. d'ep.)){See Thielman's work STREIFZUGE IM KAUKASUS, IN PERSIEN UND IN DER ASIATISCHEN TURKEI Below. There is an English translation JOURNEY IN THE CAUCASUS, PERSIA AND TURKEY IN ASIA above}LE CAUCASE PITTORESQUE, DESSINE D'APRES NATURE. PRINCE GRIGORI GRIGORIEVITCH GAGARINE. TEXTE PAR LE COMTE ERNEST STACKELBERG. PARIS, 1847.LE CAUCASE. TERRE DE LEGENDES ET DE RICHESSES. BORIS WARTANOFF. GENEVE: LIBRAIRIE ET EDITION J.-H. JEHEBER, S. A. (215 PAGES). / MY COLLECTION. {THE AUTHOR IS AN ARMENIAN BORN IN TIFLIS. HIS OBSERVATIONS WERE MADE ON A TRIP BACK TO HIS NATIVE COUNTRY IN 1934. IN THE PREFACE, THE EDITORS WROTE:"IL Y A TROIS MILLE ANS, CETTE CONTREE FABULEUSEMENT RICHE ETAIT LE FOYER ET LE CENTRE DU MONDE OCCIDENTAL, CEPENDANT QUE L'EUROPE, PARCOURUE PAR DES TRIBUS NOMADES, ETAIT L'OMBRE, L'ESPACE INCONNU. C'EST CETTE REGION DES ORIGINES OU LA LEGENDE PLACE LES PREMIERS HOMMES ET OU NAQUIT DU MOINS NOTRE CIVILISATION, C'EST CETTE TERRE SACREE OU, VERS L'AURORE DE L'HISTOIRE, LES POETES NOUS CONTENT LES COMBATS DES HOMMES ET DES DIEUX, QUI RETIENT AUJOURD'HUI L'ATTENTION DE L'UNIVERS ENTIER. ... LE CAUCASE, SANS CONTREDIT, EST AUSSI VIVANT PAR SON PASSE QUE PAR SON PRESENT}LE CAUCASE, UNE TRES GRANDE MONTAGNE A LA CROISEE DES PLAQUES [HERODOTE (ISSN 0038-487X), No. 81, 1996, P. 25 ff.], C. LECOEUR.LE PAYS DES COSAQUES (VOYAGE ET LITTERATURE). MARMIER.LE PEUPLEMENT ET LA COLONISATION AU CAUCASE [REVUE DE GEOGRAPHIE, AOUT 1902], P. BARRE.LES CIRCASSIENS ET LE CAUCASE [REVUE NATIONALE, T. 17, 63e], E. RAYNOULD.LES DEFILES AUX TRESORS. DIMITRI IVANOVITCH TROUNOV. MOSCOU: EDITIONS DU PROGRES, 1966. (TRANSLATED BY L. PIATIGORSKI).LES DEUX ROUTES DU CAUCASE. JEAN CAROL. PARIS, 1899.LES HERITIERS DE LA TOISON D'OR. LOUIS COQUET (COLONEL BREVETE D'ETAT-MAJOR EN RETRAITE). PARIS: MAISONNEUVE FRERE, 1931, in-16 Br. DE 256 PP. {TABLE DES MATIERES: PREFACE DE JEROME ET JEAN THARAUD; INTRODUCTION; I. LA GEORGIE DANS L'EUROPE MODERNE; II. GUERRES PERSANES; III. INVASION DES PERSES; IV. INVASIONS MUSULMANES; V. INVASION DES TURCS; VI. INVASION DES MONGOLS; VII. INVASION DOUBLE. ENTRE DEUX FEUX; VIII. LA GEORGIE SOUS LES TZARS. IX. LA GEORGIE CONTEMPORAINE; X. LE DRAME RUSSO-GEORGIEN; XI. LES MONTAGNARDS. SOULEVEMENT DE 1924; XII. LA GEORGIE SOCIALE ET RELIGIEUSE; XIII. LA GEORGIE ECONOMIQUE; XIV. LA DIPLOMATIE EUROPEENNE ET LA GEORGIE; CONCLUSION A LA QUESTION GEORGIENNE; ANNEXE - UNE FEDERATION CAUCASIENNE AUTOUR DU NOYAU GEORGIEN}LES MAHUZIER AU CAUCASE. KATIA ET ALAIN MAHUZIER. PARIS: PRESSES DE LA CITE, 1982. / SOAS. {ROMANTIC ACCOUNT OF THE CAUCASUS}LES SIX VOYAGES DE TAVERNIER. PARIS, 1676.LES STEPPES DE LA MER CASPIENNE. LE CAUCASE, LA CRIMEE ET LA RUSSIE MERIDIONALE, HISTORIQUE ET SCIENTIFIQUE. XAVIER HOMMAIRE DE HELL. PARIS, 1843-1845. {THERE IS AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION TRAVELS IN THE STEPPES OF THE CASPIAN SEA ... BELOW}LES STEPPES DE LA MER CASPIENNE, VOYAGE DANS LA RUSSIE MERIDIONALE. Mme ADELE HOMMAIRE DE HELL. PARIS: DIDIER & CIE, 1868.LES VOYAGES DE JEAN STRUYS EN MOSCOVIE, EN TATARIE, EN PERSE, ETC. AMSTERDAM, 1720. 3 Vol. in-12. {MADE IN THE PERIOD 1648-73. THE AUTHOR DIED IN 1694}LE TERRITOIRE DES TCHERNOMORTSES OU COSAQUES DE LA MER NOIRE [NOUVELLES ANNALES DES VOYAGES, T. 49, 1831], M. D'ENGELHARDT & PARROT.LETTRES SUR LA CAUCASE. ALEXANDRE DUMAS THE ELDER.LETTRES SUR LA CAUCASIE. F. GILLE.1859. / UNI. MAN.LETTRES SUR LE CAUCASE ET LA CRIMEE. GIDE, LIBRAIRE-EDITEUR, PARIS, 1859.LETTRES SUR LE CAUCASE ET LA GEORGIE, SUIVIES D'UNE RELATION D'UN VOYAGE EN PERSE, EN 1812, PAR M. ET Mme FREYGANG. HAMBOURG, 1816.1 Vol. in-8.LEZGH. RONALD WIXMAN. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ISLAM, 3rd Edition. {"One of the North-Eastern (NE) Caucasian peoples. Self-designation: Lezgi, pl. Lezgiar. English variants: Lezg(h)i, Lezg(h)ians. Russian designations: Lezginy, Kiurintsy, for the language: Kiurinskii iazyk. The name Lezginy has often been used to refer to the Dagestan mountaineers in general. Other designations: (Georgian:) Lek'i (in a wider sense referring to the Dagestan mountaineers in general); (German:) for the language: Krinisch. According to the 1897 Russian census, there were 159,213 Lezgians. In 1926, the number of ethnic Lezgians dropped to 134,529, and the number of Lezgian speakers was 164,763. The Lezgians live along the basins of the Giulgeri-chai, Middle and Lower Samur and Shakh-Nabad rivers, i.e. the whole south-eastern part of Dagestan and the adjoining part of north Azerbaidzhan. Lezgian (Lezgi ch'al) forms with Agul, Rutul, Tsakhur, Tabasaran, Budukh, and Dzhek (Kryz), the Samurian subdivision of the NE Caucasian languages, which include also Veinakh, Avaro-Ando-Dido, Lak-Dargwa, Khinalug and Udi. Lak has the status of a literary language in Dagestan; the written language is based on the Kiuri dialect. Lezgian is subdivided into three dialects: Kiuri, Akhty, Kuba. The traditional economy consists of cattle-breeding, agriculture, horticulture, home industry (tapestry-weaving, smith's craft. The Lezgians are Sunni Muslims." - PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS: A SYNOPSIS. BERNARD GEIGER, TIBOR HALASI-KUN, AERT H. KUIPERS AND KARL H. MENGES. JANUA LINGUARUM SERIES, V, No. 6. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. THE HAGUE: MOUTON & CO., 1959}Map of the Caucasus [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 2, 1956, p. 16].MEINE REISE NACH GRUSIEN IM IAHRE 1827, VON J.-CH.-W. VETTER, HOF UND LANDSGERICHTS ADVOCAT. LEIPSIG, 1829.MEMOIRE SUR LE COMMERCE DES PORTS DE LA NOUVELLE-RUSSIE, DE LA MOLDAVIE ET DE LA VALACHIE. J. DE HAGEMEISTER. ODESSA, 1835.MEMOIRE SUR UN NOUVEAU PERIPLE DU PONT-EUXIN, PAR LE COMTE JEAN POTOCKI. VIENNE, 1796.MEMOIR OF A MAP OF THE COUNTRIES COMPREHENDED BETWEEN THE BLACK SEA AND THE CASPIAN; WITH AN ACCOUNT OF THE CAUCASIAN NATIONS AND VOCABULARIES OF THEIR LANGUAGES. GEORGE ELLIS ESQ. F. R. S. (1753-1815). LONDON: J. EDWARDS, 1788.MEMOIRS OF A CAUCASIAN OFFICER. COUNT F. F. TORNAU. OF 1835, KATKOV.MEMOIRS OF THE COURT OF SOLOMON. ARABIAN MANUSCRIPT FOUND IN PALMYRA, NOW IN THE UNIVERSITY OF LEYDEN. PRESENTED BY Dr. HERMANNUS HOFFMAN. {MENTION OF A VERY BEAUTIFUL CIRCASSIAN SLAVE CAPTURED ON THE COAST OF CIRCASSIA BY A CORSAIR OF HIRAM KING OF TYRE AND BROUGHT TO JERUSALEM. TADMOR NINTH SERAGLIO. THE ROYAL POET USED TO SING AND RAPTURE ABOUT HER. IT IS CLAIMED CONTENT OF BOOK IS A DESCRIPTION OF THIS CIRCASSIAN SAPHIRA. VERY EXPLICIT LOVE TALK}MEMORIA POPULORUM OLIM AD DANUBIUM, PONTUM EUXINUM, PALI[U]DEM MEOTIDUM, CAUCASUM, MARE CASPIUM, ET INDE MAGIS AD SEPTENTRIONES INCOLENTIUM. JEAN GOTTHILF STRITTER. St. PETERSBURG, 1771-79.MEMORIA SULLE COLONIE DEL MAR NERO NEI SECOLI DI MEZZO, ACCOMPAGNATA DA CARTE GEOGRAFICHE, PAR LE Cte L. S., 26 PAGES in-8.MISSION SCIENTIFIQUE AU CAUCASE. J. DE MORGAN. PARIS, 1889. TWO VOLUMES. / UNI. MAN.MOUNT CAUCASUS AND BLACK SEA COMMERCE. CHARLES WILKINSON.MUSLIM EURASIA: CONFLICTING LEGACIES. YAACOV RO'I (Editor). CUMMINGS CENTER. FRANK CASS & Co., JUNE 1995. (Paperback, ISBN: 0714641421. Hardcover, ISBN: 0714646156).MY CLIMBS IN THE ALPS AND CAUCASUS. ALBERT FREDERICK MUMMERY. LONDON: T. F. UNWIN; NEW YORK: C. SCRIBNER'S SONS, 1895. REPRINTED BY QUATERMAN PUBLISHERS, LAWRENCE, MASSACHUSETTS, 1974. (XII, 360 PAGES). TWO EDITIONS. / UNI. MAN. {ILLUSTRATED. INCLUDES PLATES}NACHRICHTEN VON TCHIRKASSIEN ODER VON DEN KABARDINISCHEN LANDEN, AUFGESEZT VON JACOB VON STAHLIN. RUSS. KAIS. STAATSRATH, FUR DEN St-PETERB. GEOGR. KALANDER AUF DAS IAHR 1772. BUSCHING'S MAGAZIN, 6ter THEIL, 451.NARRATIVE OF DON HUAN VAN HALEN'S IMPRISONMENT IN THE DUNGEONS OF THE INQUISITION AT MADRID AND HIS ESCAPE IN 1817 AND 1818, TO WHICH ARE ADDED HIS JOURNEY TO RUSSIA, HIS CAMPAIGNS WITH THE ARMY OF THE CAUCASUS AND HIS RETURN TO SPAIN IN 1821. JUAN VAN HALEN (1788-1864). LONDON: H. COLBURN, 1827. 2 Vols. 22cm. {WITH ILLUSTRATIONS, PORTRAITS, FOLD MAP AND FACSIMILES}NATIONS OF TODAY. J. BUCHAN. / UNI. MAN.NATURAL REGIONS OF THE USSR. LEV SEMONOVICH BERG. NEW YORK, 1950.NAVIGATIONI ET VIAGGI. Vol. II. G. B. RAMUSIO. VENICE, 1574. {FIND WITHIN: IL VIAGGIO DELLA TANA, ETC. I. BARBARO, P. 92 ff., AND DELLA VITA DE ZYCHI CHIAMATI CIARCASSI. G. INTERIANO. P. 196 ff.}NEUE KAUKASISCHE REISEN UND STUDIEN. C. VON HAHN. LEIPZIG.NOORD EN OOST TARTARYE, OFTE BONDIG ONTWERP VAN EENIGE DIER LANDEN EN VOLKEN, WELKE VOORMAALS BEKENT ZIJN GEWEEST. N. C. WITSEN. AMSTERDAM, 1705. {GIVES THE OLDEST KABARDIAN WORD-LIST ON PP. 526-8}NOTES DE VOYAGE D'UN HUSSARD. UN RAID EN ASIE. AVEC UN LETTRE DE FREDERIC MISTRAL ET UNE CARTE DE L'ITINERAIRE. JEAN DE PONTEVES DE SABRAN. PARIS: CALMANN LEVY, 1890. (in-8, x-445 pp., 1 carte, demi bas. rouge, dos a n. orne (Rel. d'ep.)). {"VOYAGE A TRAVERS LA TURQUIE, LE CAUCASE, LA PERSE, L'AFGHANISTAN, LE TURKESTAN"}NOTES ON A HALF-PAY IN SEARCH OF HEALTH. W. JESSE CAPTAIN.NOTES ON THE CAUCASUS. RICHARD [E.] PIPES. CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PRESS, 1958.NOTES ON THE CAUCASUS. WANDERER. LONDON: MACMILLAN AND CO., 1883. (280 PAGES). {CHAPTER II - CAUCASIAN MOUNTAINEERS: CIRCASSIANS, ABKHASIANS, SVANETIANS, OSSETTES, DAGHESTANS, ETC. PP. 19-39. "CIRCASSIA IS A COUNTRY LYING ALONG THE EASTERN SHORE OF THE BLACK SEA FOR A COUPLE OF HUNDRED MILES, BETWEEN ANAPA (CLOSE TO KERTCH AND THE SEA OF AZOV) AND GAGRA, WHERE ABKHAZIA COMMENCES. IT DIVIDES THE BLACK SEA FROM THE KOUBAN AND KABARDIAN STEPPES, AND IS IN THE SHAPE OF AN ISOSCELES TRIANGLE; THE SIERRA AND SUBJACENT MOUNTAIN RANGE, COMPARATIVELY LOW, NARROW, AND UNDULATING AT ITS NORTHERN EXTREMITY, BECOMING BROAD, LOFTY, AND PRECIPITOUS AS IT TRENDS SOUTH AND SOUTH-EAST, UNTIL TOWARDS THE ABKHASIAN BOUNDARY IT REACHES AN ALTITUDE OF 10,000 TO 12,000 FEET AND A CONTINUOUS BREADTH OF 100 MILES OR THEREABOUTS. ... CIRCASSIA, WHICH IS PERHAPS THE MOST BEAUTIFUL MOUNTAIN COUNTRY IN THE WORLD - A RICH SOIL, SPLENDID FORESTS OF OAK, ASH, CHESTNUT, WALNUT, BEECH, AND OTHER EXCLUSIVELY EUROPEAN TIMBER, FINE CLEAR MOUNTAIN STREAMS AND RIVERS FULL OF TROUT AND OTHER FISH - IS NOW UNINHABITED, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF A FEW INSIGNIFICANT STATIONS AND POSTS ALONG THE COAST, POPULATED MAINLY BY HORSE-STEALERS, LOAFERS, AND DRUNKARDS FROM VARIOUS PARTS OF THE CAUCASUS (CHIEFLY MINGRELIA), MANY OF WHOM HAVE PERMANENTLY MADE THEIR NATIVE TOWNS AND VILLAGES TOO HOT FOR THEM. ... THE CIRCASSIANS, WHO WERE ORIGINALLY A BRAVE MANLY PEOPLE, LIVING IN A SORT OF REPUBLIC, MUCH GIVEN TO RAIDING UPON THEIR NEIGHBOURS AND EACH OTHER (MORE APPARENTLY WITH THE OBJECT OF KEEPING UP WAR-LIKE HABITS AND GENERAL EFFICIENCY THAN FOR THE LOOT OBTAINED, WHICH WAS OFTEN OF TRIFLING INTRINSIC VALUE), AFTER HEROICALLY SUPPORTING NEARLY HALF A CENTURY OF INCESSANT WARFARE WITH RUSSIA, WERE FINALLY BLOCKADED AND STARVED INTO SUBMISSION. ... THEY THEN DECIDED, SOONER THAN LIVE UNDER RUSSIAN DOMINATION, TO QUIT THEIR COUNTRY AND EMIGRATE TO TURKEY, WHERE LAND, RENT FREE, AND OTHER ADVANTAGES, HAD BEEN PROMISED THEM BY THE GOVERNMENT. WHEN IT IS CONSIDERED THAT THE IMMEDIATE EFFECT OF THIS RESOLUTION WAS VIRTUALLY TO REDUCE THE WHOLE POPULATION TO BEGGARY, THE REPULSION FELT BY ASIATICS TOWARDS 'CIVILISING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE' MAY BE ADEQUATELY ESTIMATED. ... ON THEIR ARRIVAL IN ANATOLIA NO ARRANGEMENTS FOR THEIR RECEPTION HAD BEEN MADE BY THE OTTOMAN GOVERNMENT; CONSEQUENTLY THEY HAD TO ENCAMP IN INCLEMENT WEATHER IN THE OPEN (ON THE SEA-SHORE, OR WHEREVER THEY COULD GET PERMISSION), AND, BEING PENNILESS, THOUSANDS MORE DIED OF STARVATION, DISEASE, AND EXPOSURE. ... ALTOGETHER TWO-THIRDS OF THE POPULATION OF CIRCASSIA ARE COMPUTED TO HAVE PERISHED DURING THIS EXODUS. SOME OF THE CHIEFS COMMITTED SUICIDE FROM DESPAIR, RIDING INTO THE SEA MOUNTED AND ARMED AND DROWNING THEMSELVES. ... THE CIRCASSIAN 'COMMONWEALTH,' i.e. WHILE THE CIRCASSIANS WERE A NATION OR PEOPLE, WAS, LIKE THOSE OF OTHER INDEPENDENT MOUNTAIN TRIBES STILL OR LATELY EXISTING IN THE CAUCASUS, GROUNDED ON A BASIS OF COMPLETE PERSONAL EQUALITY, AND TO A CERTAIN EXTENT ON COMMUNITY OF PROPERTY. ... THE POPULATION WAS DIVIDED INTO THREE RANKS OR CASTES, viz. CHIEFS, GENTLEMEN RETAINERS, AND PEASANTS; BUT THEY HAD NO KING, AND, EXCEPT IN TIME OF WAR, NO ACCREDITED AUTHORITY OR RULERS. ... THE THREE RANKS NEVER INTERMARRIED. PEASANTS WERE NOT ALLOWED TO WEAR COATS OF MAIL, AND FOUGHT ON FOOT. PERSONAL INDEPENDENCE WAS CARRIED TO SUCH A PITCH THAT SONS WERE NOT SUPPOSED EVEN TO OBEY THEIR PARENTS. ... NATIONAL QUESTIONS WERE DELIBERATED ON AND DECIDED BY A SORT OF 'CONGRESS OR PARLIAMENT, PRESIDED OVER BY THE OLDEST CHIEF. THERE WERE TWO HOUSES OR 'CHAMBERS,' THAT OF THE CHIEFS AND THAT OF THE RETAINERS, ANSWERING TO LORDS AND COMMONS. ... THE 'PROCEEDINGS WERE CONDUCTED WITH DIGNITY. EACH 'HOUSE' HAD ITS SPOKESMEN OR ORATORS, AND DEPUTATIONS FREQUENTLY PASSED FROM THE ONE TO THE OTHER. ... THEY POSSESSED CERTAIN SACRED GROVES, AND 'DEOTAS' OR SHRINES, AND USED A SORT OF OCCASIONAL WORSHIP, SUPPOSED TO PROPITIATE LOCAL DIVINITIES, PROCURE GOOD WEATHER FOR THE HARVEST, GOOD LUCK IN EXPEDITIONS, ETC. ... THE TCHERKESS, BESIDES BEING WARRIORS, WERE CAPITAL CRAFTSMEN, EXCELLENT HUNTERS AND TRAPPERS; IN FACT, 'GOOD MEN' ALL ROUND. ... THE ARMS, SADDLERY, AND ACCOUTREMENTS FABRICATED BY THE CIRCASSIANS AND TCHETTCHENTZ WERE THE BEST OF THEIR KIND IN THE CAUCASUS, ALL OTHERS BEING INFERIOR COPIES OF THEIR PATTERNS. THEY POSSESSED A FIRST-RATE BREED OF MOUNTAIN HORSES (NOW EXTINCT), VERY CLEVER ON ROCKY AND DIFFICULT GROUND, AND, THOUGH SMALL, STOUT AND UNTIRING." THERE IS AN ACCOUNT OF THE ABKHAZIAN REVOLT OF 1866}NOTES STATISTIQUES SUR LE LITTORAL DE LA MER NOIRE, RELATIVES A LA GEOGRAPHIE, A LA POPULATION, A LA NAVIGATION, AU COMMERCE, PAR LE COMTE L. S., COLONEL D'ETAT-MAJOR EN RETRAITE. VIENNE, 1832, 22 PAGES.NOTES SUR LES PROVINCES RUSSES AU-DELA DU CAUCASE, ECRITES DANS LES ANNEES 1823 ET 1824, PAR LE COMTE SERRISTORI. ODESSA, 1829.NOTICE SUR LA GEORGIE [BEDI KARTLISA (BK), XXX, PARIS, 1972], KALISTRAT SALIA.NOTIONS SUR SOUKHOUM-KALE ET SUR LES ABAZES, DONNEES PAR R. DE SCASSI. {"Scassi's data provide a conspicuously negative and hostile description of the Abkhazian people. The document can only serve as evidence of the scanty and defective information on Abkhazia possessed by certain foreign and Russian travelers and historians." T. Abkhazian on p. 139 in Literature on Abkhazia and the Abkhazian-Abazinians, Caucasian Review, Munich (CRM), No. 7, 1958, pp. 125-43}NOUVEAUX VOYAGES DANS LES GOUVERNEMENTS DE L'EMPIRE DE RUSSIE DANS LES ANNEES 1793-1794. PETER-SIMON PALLAS. KOENIG, PARIS.? PALLAS' TRAVELS. PETER SIMON PALLAS (1741-1811). {KABARDIAN REVOLT AGAINST NICHOLAS II IN 1912. INCLUDES PHOTOGRAPHS OF CIRCASSIANS}PATRIOTS AND FILIBUSTERS. L. OLIPHANT. / UNI. MAN.PEOPLES OF THE CAUCASUS. B[RIAN] G[EORGE] HEWITT. Pp. 366-84 in THE TIMES GUIDE TO THE PEOPLES OF EUROPE. F. FERNANDEZ-ARMESTO (Ed.). LONDON: TIMES BOOKS, 1994. PAPERBACK EDITION 1997.PERIPLUS. SCYLACIS CARYAND (522 B.C.). Ed. HUDSON, T. I.PERSONAL ADVENTURES AND EXCURSIONS IN GEORGIA, CIRCASSIA AND RUSSIA. G. P. CAMERON [G. POULLET-CAMERON] . LONDON: H. COLBURN, 1845. 2 Vols.PETROFKA: ZWEI JUNGE SCHWEIZERINNEN IM KAUKASUS. TRUDI HILTBRUNNER. BERN: BLAUKREUZ-VERLAG, 1992.PLEASE DON'T CALL IT SOVIET GEORGIA. MARY RUSSEL, 1991. {"THE AUTHOR HAD THOUGHT OF HER TRIP TO GEORGIA AS A 'JAUNT' SINCE SHE WAS USED TO VISITING PLACES OF CONFLICT. IRONICALLY BY THE TIME SHE HAD PLANNED HER JOURNEY, GEORGIA WAS ALSO SUFFERING FROM CONFLICT AND WHEN SHE CAME TO WRITE THE BOOK MANY CHANGES HAD OCCURRED IN GEORGIA. SHE TRAVELLED ALL OVER THE AREA MEETING AND STAYING WITH LOCAL PEOPLE."}PONTI EUXINI ET MARIS ERYTHRAEI PERIPLUS, AD ADRIANUM CAESAREM. ARRIANI. GENEV., 1577. {VOYAGE MADE IN 110 A.D.}PORTULAN DE LA MER NOIRE ET DE LA MER D'AZOF, PAR E. TAITBOUT DE MARIGNY (1793-1852). ODESSA, 1830. {WITH ATLAS}RACOLTA DI VIAGGI. RAMUSIO. VENEZIA, 1559.REGION CAUCASIENNE (CIRCASSIE ET GEORGIE). STANISLAS MARIE CESAR FAMIN. 1838. / WARDROP COLLECTION.REISE AUF DEM KASPISCHEN MEERE UND IN DEM KAUKASUS INTERNOMMEN IN DEN JAHREN 1825-1826. EDUARD I. EICHWALD. STUTTGART AND TUBINGEN, 1834-37. (2 vols.). {"Mostly about natural history, but also contains a great deal of archeological and ethnographical information." - T. Trilati, p. 114 in LITERATURE ON OSSETIA AND THE OSSETIANS [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, Vol. 1, No. 6, MUNICH, 1958, PP. 107-126]}REISE DURCH RUSSLAND NACH DEM KAUKASISCHEN ISTHMUS IM JAHRE 1836-38. C. KOCH. STUTTGART UND TUEBINGEN, 1842, NOUVELLES ANNALES DES VOYAGES, t. 4, 1849, t. 2, 1850.REISE IN DEN KAUKASUS UND NACH GEORGIEN, UNTERNOMMEN IN DEN JAHREN 1807 UND 1808. JULES VON KLAPROTH (1783-1835). HALLE UND BERLIN, Bd. I, 1812, Bd. II, 1814. (TWO VOLUMES). {THERE IS A FRENCH TRANSLATION VOYAGE AU MONT CAUCASE ET EN GEORGIE BY CH. GOSSELIN, BELOW}REISE IN DIE KRYMM UND DEN KAUKASUS. VON MORITZ VON ENGELHARDT UND FRIEDRICH PARROT. BERLIN, 1815. {JOURNEY MADE IN 1815}REISE NACH PERSIEN, IM IAHR 1817. MORITZ V. KOTZEBUE.REISEN DURCH RUSSLAND UND IM CAUCASISCHEN GEBURGE. J. A. GULDENSTAEDT. St. PETERSBURG, 1787.REISEN NACH GEORGIEN UND IMERETHI. JOHANN-ANTON GOLDENSTEDT. BERLIN, 1815. {TRAVELLS IN GEORGIA AND IMERITIA}REISEN UND FORSCHUNGEN IM KAUKASISCHEN HOCHGEBIRGE. M. VON DECHY. 3 Bde., BERLIN, 1905-1907.REISE VON St. PETERSBURG IN DIE KRIM UND DIE LANDER DES KAUKASUS IM JAHRE 1825. VON B. JAGER. LEIPZIG, 1830.RELATION DE LA COLCHIDE ET DE LA MINGRELIE, PAR LE PERE DOM JOSEPH-MARIE ZAMPI, MISSIONNAIRE EN COLCHIDE. RECUEIL DE VOYAGES AU NORD, T. VII, P. 198. {ACCOUNT OF A MISSIONARY IN COLCHIS (ROUGHLY MODERN DAY ABKHAZIA) IN 1620 A.D. THE ITALIAN ORIGINAL IS TITLED RELAZIONE DELLA COLCHIDA BELOW}RELATION DE LA COLCHIDE, OU MINGRELIE, PAR LE PERE ARCHANGE LAMBERTI, MISSIONNAIRE DE LA CONGREGATION DE LA PROPAGATION DE LA FOI. RECUEIL DE VOYAGES AU NORD, T. VII, P. 136. {ACCOUNT OF FATHER LAMBERTI IN COLCHIS (1620-30A.D.). FOR ORIGINAL WORK IN ITALIAN SEE NEXT ENTRY}RELATIONE DELLA COLCHIDA, POGGI DELLA MENGRELIA NELLA QUALE SI TRATE DELL'ORIGINE, COSTUMI E COSI NATURALI DI QUEI PAESI. ARCH. LAMBERTI. NAPOLI, 1654.RELAZIONE DELLA COLCHIDA. G. ZAMPI. ROME, 1920. {FRENCH VERSION RELATION DE LA COLCHIDE ... ABOVE}Review of Cerkesy (The Circassians) by R. Traho [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 4, 1957, P. 128 ff.], M. LASHAURI.Review of Kavkazskie zapiski (Caucasian Notes) by V. Zakrutkin [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 1, 1955, p. 165 ff.], B. B.Review of Sovetskaya Kuban (Soviet Kuban), January 20, 1957 [CAUCASIAN REVIEW, MUNICH (CRM), No. 4, 1957, p. 129 ff.], B. BARASBI.RUSSIA AND ASIA: ESSAYS . W. S. VUCINICH.RUSSIA AND CIRCASSIA. W. JESSE, CAPTAIN.RUSSIA IN DIVISION. ?. / UNI. MAN.RUTUL. RONALD WIXMAN. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ISLAM, 3rd Edition. {"One of the North-Eastern (NE) Caucasian peoples. Self-designation: There is no general appellation; the inhabitants of the aul Rutul (Mykhad) call themselves Mykhashura. Russian designations: Rutuly, Rutul'tsy. According to the 1926 Russian census, there were 10,495 ethnic Rutul, and 10,356 spoke the language. The Rutul live in the area of confluence of Samur and Kara-Samur (18 villages) (Rutul rayon; village Khnov in Akhty rayon, Dagestan; village Shin and Kainar in Nukha rayon, Azerbaidzhan. Rutul (Mykhanidy ch'l) forms with Lezghian, Agul, Tsakhur, Tabasaran, Budukh, and Dzhek, the Samurian subdivision of the NE Caucasian language-group. It is not written, Russian (formerly Lezghian) being used as the literary language. The traditional economy consists of cattle-breeding and home industry (production of cloth, tapestries, felt cloaks). The Rutul are Sunni Muslims." - PEOPLES AND LANGUAGES OF THE CAUCASUS: A SYNOPSIS. BERNARD GEIGER, TIBOR HALASI-KUN, AERT H. KUIPERS AND KARL H. MENGES. JANUA LINGUARUM SERIES, V, No. 6. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. THE HAGUE: MOUTON & CO., 1959}SAVAGE SQUADRONS. SERGEI KOURNAKOFF. LONDON-BOMBAY-SYDNEY: GEORGE G. HARRAP & CO. LTD. (359 pages). {Illustrated}SAVAGE SVANETIA. CLIVE PHILLIPS-WOLLEY. LONDON: R. BENTLEY, 1883.SCHWARTZES MEER. JOSEPH VON HAMMER. VIENNE, 183...SIX VOYAGES EN TURQUIE, EN PERSE ET AUX INDES. J.-B. TAVERNIER (1605-1689). ROUEN, 1724. 6 Vol. in-8. {MADE IN THE YEARS 1663-69}SOUVENIRS DE VOYAGE AU CAUCASE [REVUE DE GEOGRAPHIE, AVRIL-MAI ET AOUT-OCTOBRE 1901], BARON J. DE BAYE.SOUVENIRS INTIMES D'UNE CAMPAGNE AU CAUCASE PENDANT L'ETE DE 1845. CONSTANTINE BENCKENDORFF. PARIS, 1858.SOVIET JOURNEY. LOUIS FISCHER.SPORT IN THE CRIMEA AND CAUCASUS. CLIVE PHILLIPS-WOLLEY (1854-1918). LONDON: R. BENTLEY, 1881. (ISBN 0665158890 POSITIVE COPY). {FOWLING AND HUNTING IN THE CAUCASUS AND CRIMEA}SPRINGTIME IN SAKEN. GEORGII GULIA. MOSCOW: FOREIGN LANGUAGES PUBLISHING HOUSE, 1952.STORM OVER THE CAUCASUS. BARBARA ? BARTOS-HOPPNER. NEW YORK, 1968. (TRANSLATED FROM GERMAN BY ANTHEA BELL).STRATIGRAPHIE COMPAREE . C. SHAEFFER. / UNI. MAN.STREIFZUGE IM KAUKASUS, IN PERSIEN UND IN DER ASIATISCHEN TURKEI. MAX GUIDO FRANZ, FREIHERR VON THIELMAN. {FOR AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION REFER TO JOURNEY IN THE CAUCASUS, PERSIA AND TURKEY IN ASIA ABOVE}TABLEAU DES PROVINCES SITUEES SUR LA COTE OCCIDENTALE DE LA MER-CASPIENNE, ENTRE LES FLEUVES TEREK ET KOUR. MARSCHAL DE BI(E)BERSTEIN. SAINT-PETERSBOURG, 1798. 1 Vol. in-4.TABLEAU HISTORIQUE, GEOGRAPHIQUE ET ETHNOGRAPHIQUE DES PEUPLES DU CAUCASE. JULES VON KLAPROTH (1783-1835). PARIS, 1827. {See next entry}TABLEAU HISTORIQUE, GEOGRAPHIQUE, ETHNOGRAPHIQUE ET POLITIQUE DU CAUCASE ET DES PROV