bible overview part 2 - the new testament matt pritchard
Post on 21-Dec-2015
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TRANSCRIPT
Adam
Noah
AbrahamIsaacJacobJoseph
Moses
Joshua
Samuel
The main Old Testament characters…
Saul
David
Solomon
Israel (North)
Judah(South)
Destroyedby Assyria
Exile to Babylon
Daniel
Return
Nehemiah
4000BC 3000BC 2000BC 1000BC 0AD 1000AD 2000AD
??
Early times
Adam Abraham
Samuel
Time line
We are here
Kings
Nehemiah
Exodus & judges
Exile
Patriarchs
Moses
The Old Testament closes with the prophet Malachi looking ahead to the coming Messiah…
"This is the covenant I will make with the house of Israel after that time," declares the LORD. "I will put my law in their minds and write it on their hearts. I will be their God, and they will be my people. No longer will a man teach his neighbor, or a man his brother, saying, 'Know the LORD,' because they will all know me, from the least of them to the greatest," declares the LORD.
"For I will forgive their wickedness and will remember their sins no more."
Jeremiah 31:33-34
A new covenant is promised
Jesus
“The time has come," he said. "The kingdom of God is near. Repent and believe the good news!”
Mark 1v15
Old Testamentpoints towards
New Testamentreflects back on
ProphetPriestKing
Matthew
Mark
LukeJohnA
ctsR
omans
1 Corinthians
2 Corinthians
Galatians
Ephesians
Philippians
Colossians
1 Thessalonians
2 Thessalonians
1 Tim
othy2 T
imothy
Titus
Philem
onH
ebrews
James
1 Peter
2 Peter
1 John2 John3 JohnJudeR
evelation
History Letters (Epistles) Apocalypse
Gospels Paul General
New Testament
The Gospels
MatthewMarkLukeJohnActs
Jesusborn
ResurrectionJohnBaptist
“Good news” 1. Documents of faith2. Historical account
Matthew* – Jewish audience. Quotes OT. “Jesus is Messiah.” Emphasis on Jesus’ teaching.
Mark – Roman mindset. “Jesus is the perfect servant.” Emphasis on action rather than teaching.
Luke – Greek mindset. “Jesus is the perfect man.” Emphasis on the grace of God. Healings.
John* – Broad audience. “Jesus is the Son of God.” More reflective than the other 3 gospels.
Map of Jesus’ life
Jerusalem
NazarethSea of Galilee
Bethlehem
Capernaum
Dead sea
River Jordan
GoogleMaps
65 m
iles
Jesus’ life
Nativity
Baptism
40 days in the wilderness
Calling of the disciples
Teaching and Healing ministry
Teaching about his death
Palm Sunday
Passover meal
Arrest and trial
Crucifixion
Resurrection
Ascension
Disciples realise who Jesus is(cf. Mk 8:27-29)
Transfiguration (Mk 9)
“For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life.” John 3:16
Jesus prophesied in the OT
“You study the Scriptures diligently because you think that in them you have eternal life. These are the very Scriptures that testify about me, yet you refuse to come to me to have life.”
John 5:39-40
Key Messianic prophecy = Isaiah 53
“he was pierced for ourtransgressions” v5
Jesus prophesied in the OT (1)
•The Messiah will be born in Bethlehem – Micah 5:2-5a
•He will be King – Isaiah 9:6-7; Daniel 7:13-14; Zechariah 9:9
•He will be a descendent of David – 2 Samuel 7:12-16; Psalm 132:11; Jeremiah 23:5-6; Jeremiah 33:15; Isaiah 11:1; Numbers 24:17
•He will be born of a virgin – Isaiah 7:14;
•He will be a priest – Zechariah 6:11-13; Psalm 110:4
•He will be Lord – Psalm 110:1
•He will be God – Isaiah 9:6; Jeremiah 23:6
•He will bring salvation – Isaiah 49:6; Zechariah 9:9
•He will atone for sins – Isaiah 53:4-12
•He will heal the sick/preach the good news – Isaiah 61; Isaiah 35:5-6
•He will teach in parables – Psalm 78:2
Jesus prophesied in the OT (2)
•He will be a light to the Gentiles – Isaiah 42:6; Isaiah 49:6
•He will enter Jerusalem riding a donkey – Zechariah 9:9
•He will be rejected/mocked/suffer and die – Isaiah 53:1-12; Psalm 118:22; Psalm 22:7-8
•His enemies will pierce his hands and feet* – Psalm 22:16-18; Psalm 22:30
•He will be betrayed by a friend – Psalm 41:9
•He will be betrayed for 30 pieces of silver – Zechariah 11:13
•He will be beaten, mocked and spat upon – Isaiah 50:6
•His bones won’t be broken – Psalm 34:19-20
•His side will be pierced – Zechariah 12:10
•He will be raised from the dead - Isaiah 53:8-12; Psalm 16:10; Psalm 49:15
•He will ascend to heaven – Psalm 68:18
Acts of the Apostles
The great commission…
“Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age.”
Matthew 28v19-20
Ascension of Jesus
Pentecost (Ac 2)
Church growth
Paul’s conversion (Ac 9)
Peter’s vision (Ac 10-11)
Paul’s missions (Ac 13+)
Paul arrested (Ac 21)
Jerusalem Council (Ac 15)
Paul’s timeline
1st
Paul’s Conversion (Ac 9)
Stephen Martyred(Ac 7)
JerusalemConf. (Ac 15)
2nd 3rd
Arrested in Jerusalem
Caesareaprison
Romanprison (1)
Released
4th
Romanprison (2)
Executed
Shipwreckoff Malta
Galatians1 Thessalonians 2 Thessalonians
1 Corinth 2 Corinth
Romans Ephesians Colossians Philemon Philippians
1 Timothy Titus
2 TimothyPeriod covered by the book of Acts
Churches who received a letter from Paul
Rome
Jerusalem
Ephesus
Colossae
Thessalonica
CorinthGreece
ItalyMacedonia
GalatiaAsia Minor
Philippi
GoogleMaps
Paul’s missionary journey (1)
GoogleMaps
Jerusalem
Ephesus
ColossaeCorinth
Crete Cyprus
Macedonia
Galatia
Philippi
Antioch
Athens
Tarsus
Thessalonica
1st Mission (AD 46-48) to Galatia Paul and Barnabus (+ John Mark)Acts 13:4-14:28
Pisidian Antioch
Iconium
Derbe
Lystra
Perga
Paphos
John Markturns back
Paul’s missionary journey (2)
Jerusalem
Ephesus
Corinth
CreteCyprus
Macedonia Philippi
Tarsus
2nd Mission (AD 49-52) to Greece Paul and Silas Acts 15:39-18:22
GoogleMaps
AntiochBarnabus and John Mark
Paul andSilas
Derbe
Lystra
Caesarea
Timothy joins
Athens
Thessalonica
Colossae
Galatia
Paul’s missionary journey (3)
Jerusalem
Corinth
Crete
Macedonia
Galatia
Philippi
Antioch
Athens
Tarsus
3rd Mission (AD 53-57) to Greece Paul and ??Acts 18:23-21:17
GoogleMaps
Caesarea
Ephesus
Thessalonica
Cyprus
Colossae
Paul’s journey to Rome
Jerusalem
EphesusColossae
Thessalonica
Corinth
Crete
Cyprus
Greece
ItalyMacedonia
Galatia
Asia Minor
Philippi
Antioch
GoogleMaps
Athens
Journey to Rome (AD 59-60) PaulActs 27:1-28:16
Malta
Shipwreck! SidonMyra
Fair Haven
Caesarea
Rome
Romans – A theological essay. God’s plan of salvation and righteousness for all mankind (Gentile and Jew). Justification by faith. Paul wrote to prepare the way for his visit and to present the foundations of the Christian faith.
1 Corinthians – A very practical letter dealing with specific concerns that Paul has with the church (disunity & immorality) and answering specific questions posed to him.
2 Corinthians – Paul answers his critics (Judaisers and legalists), asserts his credentials as an apostle and warns of his readiness to use discipline if necessary. Lots of autographical details about Paul’s life.
Galatians – A defence of the truth that man is justified by faith in Christ and not legalistic works. Freedom in Christ. The fruit of the Spirit (ch 5).
Paul’s church letters – Romans to Galatians
Ephesians – Paul wrote to expand the horizons of his readers view of God’s eternal purpose and grace and to appreciate the high goals God has for the church. The armour of God (ch 6).
Philippians – An encouragement to stand firm in the face of persecution and rejoice regardless of circumstances. To imitate Christ’s humility, have no confidence in the flesh and be unified as a body of believers.
Colossians – Paul writes to combat false teaching. Presents the supremacy of Christ – he is all that we need. The second half of the book contains practical instruction on holy living.
1 Thessalonians – Paul had to leave Thessalonica abruptly due to persecution. This letter contains encouragement to new believers, instruction on godly living and teaching on Christ’s return.
2 Thessalonians – Similar themes to Paul’s previous letter as either there had been a misunderstanding or they hadn’t acted upon his instructions.
Paul’s church letters – Ephesians to 2 Thess
1 Timothy – Paul has left his young assistant to look after the church in Ephesus. The letter contains instruction on church leadership and organisation as well as personal encouragement for Timothy.
2 Timothy – Paul has been left alone and is in prison awaiting execution. He writes to Timothy a warning to guard the Gospel and to boldly pass it on to others just as Paul had devoted his life to.
Titus – Paul left Titus in charge of the church in Crete – an island reknown for it’s dishonesty, evil and laziness. As a church leader Titus should set a good example and develop other leaders there.
Paul’s pastoral letters – 1 Timothy to Philemon
Philemon - Paul writes a tactful letter pleading for leniency towards a runaway slave called Onesimus.
Hebrews (??) – Originally written to Jewish believers. The total supremacy and sufficiency of Christ. He is the fulfilment of the Old Testament promises and prophecies. Men and women of faith (ch 11). Don’t turn back or give up.
James (Jesus’ brother) – Possibly the earliest book of the New Testament. James was leader of the Jerusalem church. The letter shows how faith works out in practise. Both an encouragement and a warning.
1 Peter (Apostle) – Trouble from outside the church. To encourage those who are suffering for Christ because he is our strength and hope. It also contains teaching on Christian living and duties.
2 Peter (Apostle) – Trouble from inside the church. Warning against heresy coming from false teachers and evildoers within the community. The readers should aim to grow spiritually and be watchful as Jesus will return.
Non-Pauline letters – Hebrews to 2 Peter
1 John (Apostle) – He writes to combat Gnostic teaching that was creeping into the church and to give believers assurance of salvation (children of God). Love one another.
2 John (Apostle) – A warning not to accept false teachers and offer them hospitality.
3 John (Apostle) – A plea to accept teachers and evangelists and offer them hospitality.
Jude (Jesus’ brother) - Similar content to 2 Peter. Be on guard against false teachers and be prepared to oppose them with the truth about God’s saving grace.
Non-Pauline letters – 1 John to Jude
Revelation
Jesus Pentecost Evangelism 2nd Coming Victory
•An encouragement to keep going.
•God wins! Salvation will be completed. The world will be perfected.
Genesis 1-3 Revelation 21-22
We are here
Canon of Scripture – The Apocrypha
Why the Protestant church rejects the Apocrypha:
1. The writers of the books don’t claim themselves to have the same authority as the writers of the Old Testament.
2. They weren’t widely regarded by Jewish historians. “not… worthy of equal credit” - Josephus.
3. Not reference by Jesus or other New Testament writers. (There’s 295 OT references in the NT.)
4. There are factual errors and teaching that is inconsistent with the rest of the Bible.
“Those having been hidden away”
“Rule” or “measure”
Canon of Scripture – The New Testament
The New Testament Canon was finally agreed by the ‘Council of Carthage’ in AD 397.
“In the past God spoke to our ancestors through the prophets at many times and in various ways, but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son…” Hebrews 1v1-2a
Apostolic Origin
Universal Acceptance
Consistent Message
Reliability of the Bible
Do these differences in text matter?
• Obvious spelling mistake• Changes one word but not the meaning• Changes the meaning of the sentence
New testament 24,970
Iliad (Homer) 643
•Partial manuscripts exist that were written in the 2nd century.•We can reconstruct the originals with an accuracy of ~99%.•Eliminating mistakes and scribal changes.•No one spiritual doctrine rests upon a disputed text
Study tools
Pray to God before reading. Ask Him to speak to you.
Daily Bible notesRead the Bible in one year
Study guidesCommentariesConcordance
Reference books
MeditationSermons and pod casts Word live www.scriptureunion.org.uk/2981.id
Bible Gateway www.biblegateway.com