bibliografia de ecuador de hammerly

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Ecuadorian Studies / Estudios ecuatorianos No. 2 (Dec. 2002)

FOREWORD

by

Michael T. Hamerly

No. 1 of Ecuadorian Studies / Estudios ecuatorianos appeared in Sept. 2001. It featured three

articles by four ecuatorianistas: (1) “Barricades and Ballots: Ecuador’s Indians and the Pachakutik

Political Movement” by Scott H. Beck and Kenneth J. Mijeski; (2) “Entre el bolero y el Internet:

Reflexiones desde la mitad del mundo” by Michael Handelsman; and (3) “International NGOs and

Sustainable Agricultural Development: A Methodological Analysis with Examples from Highland

Ecuador” by James R. Keese.

This, the second number, constitutes the first monographic issue of Ecuadorian Studies / Estudios

ecuatorianos. It consists of a lengthy review of the historical development and contemporary stateof bibliography in and on Ecuador together with an annotated list of 316 bibliographies and

related works by Michael T. Hamerly and Miguel Díaz Cueva. It also marks the first

collaboration, hopefully the first of many, in the pages of Ecuadorian Studies / Estudios

ecuatorianos between an ecuatorianista and an Ecuadorian scholar.

“Bibliography of Ecuadorian Bibliographies” revises, augments, and updates the first edition of

Hamerly’s Bibliography of Ecuadorian Bibliographies published by the Seminar on the

Acquisition of Latin American Library Materials in 2001. Whereas the first edition described and

commented upon 252 bibliographies of ecuatoriana, this version features 64 additional

bibliographies and related works. It also offers the most substantial reconstruction of the

development of bibliography in and on Ecuador yet attempted.

This issue inaugurates the book review and notice section of Ecuadorian Studies / Estudios

ecuatorianos. Although the editors are not in a position to solicit or offer review copies, we hope

that our colleagues will submit critical reviews and brief notices of new and recent works in the

field on a continuing basis. If we do not help keep one another abreast of the literature, who will?

Although reviews and notices are not subject to referral, the senior editor of Ecuadorian Studies /

Estudios ecuatorianos will copy edit them. The authors of the reviews and notices are solely

responsible for their content, however, as are also the authors of articles and monographic issues.




BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ECUADORIAN BIBLIOGRAPHIES

by

Michael T. Hamerly and Miguel Díaz Cueva

INTRODUCTION

This work lists every bibliography and related study of ecuatoriana in the humanities, the social

sciences, and the natural sciences published through Dec. 2001, including those that were/are

available online, for which the authors were able to obtain or to establish a satisfactory description

as of July 2002 (altogether 316 items).1 Except in the case of a few exceptionally elusive items,

the descriptions, annotations, and evaluations are based on examination of the actual materials.

Those items that neither author has been able to see, are identified in the text and notes.

Bibliografía de bibliografías ecuatorianas revises, augments, and updates the first edition of this

work, published by Michael T. Hamerly in 2001 (entry 148), which described and discussed 252

items,2 and the “Bibliographies” or first section of Hamerly’s Historical Bibliography of Ecuador

(entry 150), the publication cutoff date for which was 1995. Since 1995 at least 30 bibliographies

have appeared, and, not surprisingly, the authors have encountered several additional pre–1996

bibliographies. In this regard, it should be noted that when Hamerly compiled Historical

Bibliography of Ecuador , he did not have access to OCLC or RLIN, among other resources.

Understandably, therefore, some materials eluded him as a consequence of which the first sectionof Historical Bibliography of Ecuador listed only 200 items.3

The preliminary essay (“Ecuadorian Bibliography: Historical Development and Present State”) of

this version of Bibliografía de bibliografías ecuatorianas examines the historical development of

bibliography and related developments in and on Ecuador in considerably more detail than the

English or first edition. Unfortunately, not all that much may be said about the history of printing

or of the book in Ecuador after its separation from Colombia in 1830 because almost everything

remains to be found out about both.

This work is limited to bibliographies per se. Therefore catalogs of manuscripts and guides to

research collections do not appear here within. Historiographic and related studies, includingreview articles, are also excluded for the most part. To wit, Gerhard Drekonja’s 1978 “Ecuador:

ensayo bibliográfico” is excluded because it is primarily an historiographic, not a bibliographic,

essay,4 but Jorge Núñez Sánchez’s 1994 La historiografía ecuatoriana contemporánea (entry

230) is included because it features a substantial bibliographic component. Librarians and scholars

seeking guides to and studies of archives, libraries, museums, and private collections in Ecuador

and repositories located elsewhere in the world that have materials on Ecuador and/or

historiographic and related studies should consult the “Research Aids” and “Historiographic and



Related Studies” sections of Hamerly’s Historical Bibliography of Ecuador (entry 150).

Although we have endeavored to be comprehensive, no doubt one or more relevant bibliographies

have eluded us. But we take consolation in what Bernard Lavalle, a fellow historian,

ecuatorianista, and bibliographer has to say in this regard:

Por supuesto, la ambición de todo trabajo de este tipo es la de ser lo más completo

posible. Sin embargo, al mismo tiempo, no dejó de acompañarnos el

convencimiento íntimo de que la meta propuesta, la exhaustividad, no era sino

ilusoria y que al final no faltarán algunos trabajos que, desgraciadamente, hayan

escapado de nuestra vigilancia.5

Works cited in footnotes and listed under “Bibliografías y obras relacionadas” are described in

their respective language(s) of publication. The citation system is that employed in the humanities

as spelled out in chapter 15, “Documentation 1: Notes and Bibliographies,” of The Chicago

Manual of Style,6 and by David William Foster, Daniel Altamiranda, and Carmen de Urioste in

The Writer’s Reference Guide to Spanish.7 Among other considerations, this means that parentheses employed by author or publisher within titles have been retained. Three-em dashes for

repeated names, however, have not been used because it is the authors’s firm belief that each

bibliographic entry should stand on its own. This is not a matter of whimsey but of practicality. It

is much easier to consult bibliographies in which entries are independent of one another.8

Although not required, multiple publishers are given. The number of pages or leaves for books

and contributions in anthologies is also specified.

Dates have been added to personal names whenever ascertainable because such information is not

only important but often difficult to obtain. When an author lives not only determines the

resources and tools available to him/her but also has much to do with the questions he/she asks

and tries to answer. Furthermore, such information is not always easy to come by. Also insofar asnames are concerned, Ecuadorian usage has been respected.

Unless otherwise noted the country of publication is Ecuador. Abbreviations of months are those

specified in the English and Spanish versions of Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules.9

This is a main entry bibliography. This means that the entries are in alphabetical order by author

(including responsible corporate body) when there is only one author, by first author named if

there are two or three authors, and by title if there are more than four authors—to oversimplify

the rules of main entry. Access to secondary authors, multiple authors, compilers, contributors,

and editors, however, is provided through the “Added Author Index.” The entries are

enumerated. They are not subdivided by subjects because this bibliography is country driven

rather than discipline oriented. Thematic access, however, is available through the “Subject

Index.” A “Chronological Index” has been added to this edition. The latter is not an index of the

years which the bibliographies cover but of the years in which the bibliographies themselves were

published. The numbers in the indices refer to the entries, not to the pages on which they appear.

Modified Library of Congress subject headings have been used. Ecuador has not been included in



1. 363 items including the additional bibliographies and related materials cited in the text and in

notes.

2. It also corrects a number of infelicitous errors in Bibliography of Ecuadorian Bibliographies,

for which Hamerly begs the reader’s indulgence.

3. Nonetheless, it cannot be overemphasized that not even the most comprehensive online search

will yield all relevant materials.

4. In Ecuador hoy, edición de Gerhard Drekonja ... [et al.], 1ª ed. (Bogotá: Siglo Veintiuno,

1978), 281–313.

5. Bibliografía francesa sobre el Ecuador (1968–1993) (entry 195), 4.

6. 14th ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993).

7. 1st ed. (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1999). The Writer’s Reference Guide to Spanish

provides comprehensive information on how Spanish languages works may be prepared or edited

for publication in accordance with The Chicago Manual of Style and The MLA Style Manual ,

taking into account differences in language usage and bibliographic formats.

8. What will probably turn out to be the most comprehensive bibliography of ecuatoriana ever

compiled, the eight vol. to date Diccionario bibliográfico ecuatoriano (entry 46) is difficult to

use because it employs three-em dashes for multiple entries under the same author, rendering it

almost impossible to consult as a “dictionary.” It also uses the author-date system of citation. To

find a specific entry, therefore, one has to open a volume more or less at random and scan pages,

sometimes many pages, backward or forward, to find the desired author and/or title(s).

9. Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, prepared under the direction of the Joint Steering

Committee for Revision of AACR, 2nd ed., 1998 rev. (Chicago: American Library Association,

1998); Reglas de catalogación angloamericanas, preparadas por The [sic] American Library

Association ... [et al.], editadas en español por Nelly Kopper y María Julia Vargas, revisadas por

Michael T. Hamerly

John Carter Brown Library

Brown University

Providence

Rhode Island and Providence Plantation

August 2002

Miguel Díaz Cueva

Biblioteca Miguel Díaz Cueva

Santa Ana de los Ríos de Cuenca

República del Ecuador

Julio 2002

NOTES



Carmen Rovira, 2a ed. (Washington, D.C.: Organización de Estados Americanos; San José, C.R.:

Biblioteca, Documentación e Información, Universidad de Costa Rica, 1983).

10. The Handbook of Latin American Studies is published by the University of Texas Press for

the Hispanic Division of the Library of Congress. It is also available online at

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/hlas/

11. A publication of the Section on Ecuadorian Studies of the Latin American Studies

Association, the online address of which is: http://www.yachana.org/ecuatorianistas/

12. The Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit” is the largest, but it is institutional, not

personal.

13. For more information regarding Díaz Cueva, see the entry in Rodolfo Pérez Pimentel,

Diccionario biográfico del Ecuador , <22> vols. [to date] (Guayaquil: Editorial de la Universidad

de Guayaquil, 1987–<2002>), 14: 157–162.





by


ECUADORIAN BIBLIOGRAPHY:

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND PRESENT STATE

Heretofore the only attempts to establish some of the benchmarks in the development of

bibliographical coverage of ecuatoriana have been: (1) Alfredo Chaves’s considerably dated but

still indispensable 1958 Fuentes principales de la bibliografía ecuatoriana (entry 79); (2) Alonso

Altamirano Silva and Carmen Carrillo’s 1978 “Bibliografía y bibliotecología en el Ecuador” (entry

7); and (3) Michael T. Hamerly’s 2001 Bibliography of Ecuadorian Bibliographies or the firstedition of this work (entry 148). Fortunately, bibliography is better developed and more robust in

Ecuador than it was when Chaves initially surveyed the scene in the late 1950s, or when

Altamirano and Carrillo partially updated Chaves twenty years later.

Chaves (1902–1963) was the founder and the first president of the Asociación Ecuatoriana de

Bibliotecarios (1945–). Chaves was the first and until 1965, the only professionally trained

librarian in the country. Altamirano (1936–) too was professionally trained and also president of

the Asociación Ecuatoriana de Bibliotecarios for a time. More importantly, he was the driving

force behind the Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central’s Bibliografía ecuatoriana (entry

30) and its successor Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano y Bibliografía ecuatoriana (entries

16–18).1 Together Bibliografía ecuatoriana and Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano y Bibliografía ecuatoriana constituted one of the two most important attempts to date to establish

continuous bibliographic control of ecuatoriana. The other was that of the Cuenca branch of the

Banco Central’s Centro de Investigación y Cultura, beginning with its Ecuador, bibliografía

analítica (entry 108).

Bibliography was slow to develop in Ecuador. Apparently only six bibliographies appeared in the

nineteenth century, and a mere 13 during the first quarter of the twentieth. 2 It was not until the

second quarter of the twentieth century that bibliographies began to appear in appreciable

numbers (66 altogether between 1926 and 1950), and it was not until 1975 that the first, albeit

only temporary, ongoing attempt to register new and recent publications began to be published,

the Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central’s Bibliografía ecuatoriana (entry 30).

Unfortunately, none of the several attempts to date to achieve bibliographic control of national

publications have lasted for more than a few years.

According to Chaves, and Altamirano and Carrillo, the first bibliography realized in the country

was Juan de Velasco’s Catálogo de algunos escritores antiguos y modernos del Perú y Quito

(entry 306), which appeared in 1885, nearly a century after the author’s death. Velasco



(1727–1792), was a riobambeño, a Jesuit, and one of the expulsos of 1767. The Catálogo de

algunos escritores was not a bibliography of ecuatoriana per se, however. Nominally a “catalog of

ancient and modern writers of Peru and Quito,” in reality it was an annotated list of early accounts

of Spanish America, especially of Spanish South America.

It was also unreliable inasmuch as it suffers from descriptive errors. Velasco’s second entry, for example, is the 1535 Seville imprint by Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés which Velasco

refers to as Historia general natural de las Indias, and which Velasco maintained “se imprimió

junta con la de Jerez, en un solo cuerpo.” Not only was Velasco mistaken as to the title, he was

wrong as to its contents. The Seville imprint was actually entitled Historia general delas [sic]

Indias —a distinct work from Oviedo’s earlier De la natural hystoria de las Indias (Toledo,

1526)—and it appeared on its own. The version that included Francisco de Xerez’s Conquista del

Perú did not appear until 1547, and it was printed in Salamanca, not in Seville. There was a

Seville 1534 printing of Xerez’s Uerdadera relacion de la conquista del Peru y prouincia del

Cuzco llamada la nueua Castilla, however. Velasco also neglected to specify the printers and

extent of the works of the 55 authors he “analyzed.” In this regard, it should be noted that it had

long since become customary for the bibliographically adept to include printer and collationstatements.3

As to Velasco’s bibliography having been the first “realizado en el Ecuador,” Chaves, and

Altamirano and Carrillo were mistaken. Chaves was unaware of the relationship of Velasco’s

Catálogo de algunos escritores to his previously, but also posthumously, published Historia del

Reino de Quito en la América Meridional , and Altamirano and Carrillo limited themselves to

repeating their predecesor’s assertion. Velasco’s Catálogo de algunos escritores does not appear

in the first nominally complete version of his Historia del Reino de Quito as edited by Agustín

Yeroví.4 (Velasco’s Historia del Reino de Quito consists of three parts, Historia natural , Historia

antigua, and Historia moderna. The previously published French version corresponds only to the

Historia antigua.5) The “Catálogo de algunos escritores” does appear, however, in the first trulycomplete and scholarly acceptable version of the Historia del Reino de Quito, entitled Padre Juan

de Velasco, S.I ., as transcribed and edited by Aurelio Espinosa Pólit, at the end of book four of

the Historia natural .6 It also appears in the same place in the only other scholarly acceptable

version of the Historia del Reino de Quito, that of the Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana.7 The

version of the Historia del Reino de Quito available to Chaves, however, was that from which

Yeroví had expunged the “Catálogo de algunos escritores.”

As published in both the Espinosa Pólit and the Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana versions, the text

of the “Catálogo de algunos escritores” leaves no doubt that it was never intended to be a

separate monograph, but that it constituted the bibliographic apparatus or what today would be

called “references” and, therefore, was as an integral part of Velasco’s Historia del Reino de

Quito. What happened is that in deleting the “Catálogo de algunos escritores” from what was

supposed to have been the first complete edition of the Jesuit expatriate’s Historia del Reino de

Quito, Yerovi prepared the ground for the emergence of a bibliographic ghost when the

“Catálogo de algunos escritores” finally appeared in print as a disembodied separate 44 years

later. (Yerovi also modified Velasco’s prose in order to render it more intelligible to “modern”

readers, thus doing scholars a double disservice.) Although nowadays a bibliographic oddity, the



Catálogo de algunos escritores remains historiographically important because it specifies some of

the authorities on whom Velasco relied and what he thought of them.8

Instead of Velasco’s Catálogo de algunos escritores, it could be argued that the first Ecuadorian

bibliography was Antonio de Alcedo y Bejarano’s 1807 Bibliotheca americana (entry 4), which is

generally reliable and descriptively acceptable for the most part. But there are difficulties with thiscontention too. Although born in Quito, Alcedo (1736–1812) was a Spaniard in every sense that

mattered, and his subject was the Americas at large, not the colony of his birth. Furthermore,

Alcedo’s opus magnus was not published until many years after his death too, not until

1964–1965, to be specific. Nonetheless, his Bibliotheca americana constitutes a major source of

bibliographic information on the New World, including the future Ecuador, during the colonial

period.9

It could also be argued, if one wanted to stretch the definition of bibliography, that the first

bibliographic work published in Ecuador was the 1858 Catálogo de libros pertenecientes a la

testamentaría del Sr. Dr. Pio Bravo, que se venderán en remate público a mediados de julio.10

Although not a bibliography per se, the 1858 Catálogo de libros does constitute an importantsource for the reconstruction of the history of libraries and private collections in the country.

Apparently, therefore, the earliest bibliography of ecuatoriana was Nicolás Anrique Reyes’s 1891

Noticia de algunas publicaciones ecuatorianas anteriores a 1792 (entry 15). It was probably also

the first register of Ecuadorian imprints of any period—“apparently” and “probably” because it is

possible that an earlier bibliography of ecuatoriana might surface some day, for reasons that will

become obvious shortly.11 Appropriately, Anrique Reyes (d. 1904) was Chilean, a country that

gave us several great bibliographers during the early national period, including not just José

Toribio Medina (1852–1930) but also the Bolivian expatriate Gabriel René Moreno (1836–1908),

the compiler of Biblioteca boliviana (1879) and Biblioteca peruana (1896), the latter of which

continues to be of importance to ecuatorianistas as well as Peruvianists, given the substantial bodyof materials relating to the future Ecuador printed in Lima and elsewhere in Peru during the

colonial, independence, and early national periods.12

Not yet enough is known to give a full account of bibliographic developments in Ecuador. But

enough can be pieced together to establish some of the milestones in the rocky course of

descriptive and enumerative bibliography and related developments in and on the country.

The first press in the then Audiencia of Quito was established by the Jesuits in Ambato in 1755. It

was transferred to San Francisco de Quito in 1759. The first work and the first book, respectively,

to have been printed in the country were: the Catalogus personarum et officorum Provinciae

Quitensis Societatis Jesu (Ambato: Typis ejusdem Societatis, 1754); and the anonymous Pissima

erga del genitricem devotio (Ambato: Typis Soc. Jesu, 1755). Guayaquil, the second most

important city in the country, did not acquire a press of its own until 1821, not, that is to say, until

after it had declared its independence from Spain. Cuenca, which was more populous than the

port city during the colonial period and the more accomplished of the two as a cultural,

ecclesiastical, and educational center, had to wait even longer, until 1828, by which time the

whole of the future Ecuador had been liberated. Ambato, the home of the first press in the



country, would not have a press of its own again until 1835.

The most comprehensive bibliography of early ecuatoriana is Alexandre A. M. Stols’s 1956

Historia de la imprenta en el Ecuador de 1755 a 1830 (entry 288). Stols’s Historia de la

imprenta has been supplemented by the first (1956) and second (1982) editions of Abel Romeo

Castillo’s La imprenta de Guayaquil independiente (entries 71 and 72). N.B. Neither Stols nor Castillo are exhaustive registers of the pre–1830 imprints of Ambato, Quito, Guayaquil, and

Cuenca.13 For other early imprints of Cuenca see Juan Cordero Iñiguez and Bernarda Crespo

Cordero’s 1989 Bibliografía azuaya del siglo XIX (entry 91) and Alfonso Andrade Chiriboga’s

1950 Hemeroteca azuaya (entry 13). Nonetheless, Stols’s and Castillo’s works are solid histories

of the first presses in Ambato, Quito, Guayaquil, and Cuenca, and model accounts of much of

their output.

Stols (1900–1973) was a Dutch scholar and a specialist in the early history of the press in Spanish

America. Castillo (1904–1996) was a guayaquileño and a scion of the family that owned and

edited the port city daily, El Telégrafo. Castillo was also the first Ecuadorian to earn a doctorate

in history.14

The history of the press in Ecuador after its separation from Bolívar’s chimeric Gran Colombia

remains to be written for the most part. Although Camilo Destruge’s Historia de la prensa de

Guayaquil (entries 100 and 101) includes considerable data on printers and publishers, his study is

not a history of printing but of newspapers in the port city. The first and only work to date to

attempt country wide, diachronic coverage of printing events and developments after 1830 is

Carlos Enrique Sánchez’s 1935 La imprenta en el Ecuador (entry 280). The importance of

Sánchez’s account cannot be overemphasized. It is rich in insider information, especially on

composition, press work, and binding in Quito during the late nineteenth century and the first

third of the twentieth. Sánchez was a linotypist, one of the first in the country, and an employee of

the Imprenta Nacional. Sánchez’s La imprenta en el Ecuador is somewhat sketchy when it comesto the rest of the country, however, and it has yet to be supplemented, let alone supplanted.15

The bibliographic roster of 1831–1900 ecuatoriana is incomplete.16 Cordero Iñiguez and Crespo

Cordero’s Bibliografía azuaya (entry 91) is the only attempt to register the publishing output of

books and articles of any of the publishing centers for the entire, or, rather almost the entire

nineteenth century, inasmuch as the Corderos ended coverage with 1899, instead of 1900. Their

work appears to be virtually complete. The bibliographic landscape of the nineteenth century,

however, is not as bleak as the penultimate remark implies. Destruge’s Historia de la prensa de

Guayaquil provides solid coverage of nineteenth- and early-twentieth century newspapers and

periodicals of the port city. Leonardo J. Muñoz (1898–1987) affords some coverage of

broadsides and other fliers published between 1790 and 1920 (see entry 223), and Germán Solano

de la Sala Veintemilla’s Indice de folletos lists some of the pamphlet literature of the 1800s

relating to economic and social developments and events (entry 287), specifically for 1824

onward. In this regard, it should be noted that the latter includes a chronological index.

Carlos Manuel Larrea’s classic Bibliografía científica del Ecuador (entries 180–182) and the

Diccionario bibliográfico ecuatoriano (entry 46), both of which are discussed below, list many



separates of the nineteenth century too. Furthermore, as will also be seen below, almost all, if not

all, of the newspapers of the nineteenth century have been registered. Nonetheless, a country

wide, chronologically complete bibliography of separates and/or serials of the 1800s has yet to be

attempted. Moreover, the only attempt to establish registers of contemporary national

publications during the nineteenth century appears to have been César Villavicencio’s 1893–1895

Anuario de la prensa ecuatoriana for 1892–1894 (entry 308).17

Insofar as diachronic coverage of imprints is concerned, the twentieth century has fared somewhat

better. Almost all of the publications of the 1900s have been registered in one bibliography of

another. Nonetheless, it was not until 1938 that the next attempt to register coeval national

publications on a more or less comprehensive basis appears to have been made. In 1938 the Inter-

American Book Exchange in cooperation with the National Library of Ecuador produced A

General Bibliography of Ecuadorian Publications for 1936–1937 , and the following year A

General Bibliography of Ecuadorian Publications for 1938.18 There was also an unrelated

attempt to report new and recent books in the 1930s, by Antonio Montullo’s through his column

“Mirador bibliográfico” in the Grupo de América’s América: revista mensual ilustrada, which he

maintained for seven years (1934–1940). Montullo, however, limited himself to annotating workshe considered to be of importance.19

Nearly two decades expired before the next register of national publications was forthcoming,

“Bibliografía ecuatoriana” in the 1959 Revista de la Biblioteca Municipal de Quito.

Unfortunately, the Revista de la Biblioteca Municipal de Quito was virtually stillborn; it died with

its inaugural issue (entry 29). Eight more years elapsed before yet another attempt to achieve

national bibliographic control was made, the Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana’s 1967 Boletín

bibliográfico ecuatoriano (entry 54). It survived slightly longer than its predecessor, appearing in

a total of two issues. But in the mid 1970s, the situation improved dramatically.

Beginning in 1975, the Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central del Ecuador registered newand recent national publications (including articles and contributions to anthologies), more or less

comprehensively, for a five year period (1975–1979), initially through its Bibliografía

ecuatoriana = Ecuadorian bibliography = Bibliographie del’Equateur [sic] = Ecuadorianisch

Bibliographie (entry 30) and subsequently through its Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano y

Bibliografía ecuatoriana (entries 16–18). The first issue of Bibliografía ecuatoriana was that of

año 1, no. 1 (ene./feb. 1975). Nominally a bimonthly, Bibliografía ecuatoriana continued to

appear as a separate through año 1, no. 5 (sept./oct. 1975). No. 6 appeared as an integral part of

the first issue of the Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central del Ecuador’s bibliographic

annual, entitled Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano 1975 y Bibliografía ecuatoriana no. 6 (entry

16). No. 7 (1976) marked the last appearance of Bibliografía ecuatoriana, now nominally a

semiannual, as a separate. Nos. 8–9 appeared as integral parts of the second bibliographic annual,

Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano 1976–1977 y Bibliografía ecuatoriana nos. 8–9 (entry 17).

Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano 1976–1977 also cumulated no. 7 of Bibliografía ecuatoriana.

No. 10 of Bibliografía ecuatoriana appeared as an integral part of the third bibliographic annual

of the Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central del Ecuador, Anuario bibliográfico

ecuatoriano 1978–1979 y Bibliografía ecuatoriana no. 10 (entry 18). There were no further

issues of either.



N.B. Bibliografía ecuatoriana and Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano y Bibliografía ecuatoriana

list only those new and recent publications acquired by the Biblioteca General de la Universidad

Central del Ecuador. They owned their existence to the dynamic director of the Library, Alfonso

Altamirano, a professionally trained librarian. It is not known which came first, the cessation of

publication of Bibliografía ecuatoriana and its successor Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano y

Bibliografía ecuatoriana or Altamirano’s resignation from his position and departure from thecountry. What is known is that the Universidad Central had its budget drastically slashed in the

late 1970s. Whether Altamirano might have been able to have revived Bibliografía ecuatoriana

and/or the Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano y Bibliografía ecuatoriana had he remained at the

helm of the Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central del Ecuador is moot.

Fortunately, the Cuenca branch of the Banco Central del Ecuador’s Centro de Investigación y

Cultura picked up the slack. See its Ecuador, bibliografía analítica (entry 108), which appeared

every four months and covered the years 1979–1982. The Cuenca Centro de Investigación y

Cultura followed its Ecuador, bibliografía analítica with its own Anuario bibliográfico

ecuatoriano, beginning in 1984 for 1982 and continuing through 1991 for 1987 (entry 19). The

Cuenca Centro de Investigación y Cultura also issued a remarkable Bibliografía retrospectivaecuatoriana e índice acumulativo for 1978–1985 (entry 33). Bibliografía retrospectiva

ecuatoriana even addressed the issue of name authority control, not just for persons but also for

entities. The bibliographic efforts of the Cuenca Centro de Investigación y Cultura were

discontinued in the early 1990s because of the adverse economic circumstances of that decade and

concurrent changes in the political culture of the Banco Central.

The national bibliographic scene was not entirely bleak following the demise of the Quito and

Cuenca Anuarios bibliográficos ecuatorianos. Even before the cessation of the Cuenca Centro de

Investigación y Cultura’s Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano, the bookseller Edgar Freire Rubio,

a remarkable autodidact, had begun to provide current coverage through his monthly list of new

and recent publications in various dailies of the capital city. Until recently Freire Rubio was themanager of the Librería Cima in Quito, one of the most important outlets for the acquisition of

national publications in the country. He is now the manager of the Librería Española.

Freire Rubio periodically reissued his lists and related writings in compilations. His El libro

nacional (entry 133) and Desde el mostrador del librero (entry 132)—three volumes of the latter

of which had appeared as of July 2002—provide month-by-month listings of national books and

periodicals for Jan. 1986 through Dec. 1995. Unfortunately, Freire’s monthly newspaper column

and periodic compilations consisted simply of announcements of new and recent publications in

the humanities, social sciences, and sciences; that is to say, they lack collation statements and

more importantly content specific indicators. Nonetheless, his monthly lists and periodic

compilations were preferable to the alternative that now prevails, a quasi bibliographic void. 20

Freire Rubio continues to compile periodic lists of new and recent publications, but,

unfortunately, none of the capitaline newspapers permit him to publish them any longer, preferring

to give the space over to “more important matters” and advertisements. Similarly he has

accumulated enough material to publish two or three additional volumes of Desde el mostrador

del librero, but has been unable to find a publisher and cannot himself afford the printing, binding,



and distribution costs.21

Essential to the compilation of current and retrospective bibliographies is the formation of

libraries and collections.22 During the colonial period almost the only libraries were those of the

religious orders. Especially important were those of the Dominicans and the Jesuits. The

Dominican Universidad de Santo Tomas became the Universidad de Quito in 1826, and its library,at least in part, what is now the Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central del Ecuador. 23 Some

of the Jesuits’s holdings, however, became part of what is now the Biblioteca Nacional del

Ecuador “Eugenio Espejo,” in 1792, and yet others also part of the eventual Biblioteca General de

la Universidad Central. The surviving colonial period holdings of the Biblioteca Nacional del

Ecuador “Eugenio Espejo” are described in entry 50, and those of the Biblioteca General de la

Universidad Central in entries 64, 111, and 112.24

Notwithstanding the neglect of the Biblioteca Nacional by the majority of national

administrations, it probably had substantial holdings of nineteenth-century materials at one time or

another, but judging by its 1977 catalog of national authors (entry 49), few have survived. Its

twentieth-century holdings, however, are more or less substantial albeit somewhat spotty.Regarding the neglect of the National Library, a 1986 statement by Plutarco Naranjo (1921–), a

medical doctor and one of the bibliographers listed below, is apropos: “Ni Quito ni toda la nación

ecuatoriana cuenta con una sola biblioteca digna de la época. Ninguna dispone de un presupuesto

apropiado para la adquisición de nuevos libros. Ninguna cuenta con partidas suficientes para

mantener una buena hemeroteca. Del siglo XVIII hasta finales del siglo XX hemos recorrido un

trágico camino de descenso.”25

The Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central has never made the totality of its holdings

known. The Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central, nonetheless, played a significant role on

the national bibliographic scene in the second half of the 1970s, as already noted.26 Two of the

Universidad Central’s other libraries, however, the Biblioteca de la Facultad de Derecho and theBiblioteca del Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas, did produce printed catalogs of their

holdings, in 1957 and 1955, respectively (see entries 40 and 44).

The earliest printed library catalog as well as the only catalog of a pre-twentieth-century library to

have been published was that of the Biblioteca Pública del Azuay, each volume of which was

individually entitled: I, Ciencias eclesiásticas (Cuenca: Impr. la Universidad, 1890); II,

Jurisprudencia (1890); III, Ciencias políticas y económicas (1890); IV, Historia (1890); V,

Literatura (1891); VI, Ciencias (1891); VII, Medicina (1891); VIII, Artes y oficios (1891); IX,

Apéndice (1892). For additional information see entry 51.27 The Biblioteca Pública del Azuay,

sometimes referred to as Biblioteca Pública de Cuenca, was also the library of the Universidad del

Azuay.

The most recent printed library catalog is the hopefully only temporarily discontinued Diccionario

bibliográfico ecuatoriano of the Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit” (entry 46). It is

also the most important retrospective bibliography ever likely to be published in and on Ecuador

inasmuch as the Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit” houses the most extensive

collection of ecuatoriana anywhere in the world. The first eight vols. of the Diccionario



bibliográfico ecuatoriano feature 48,156 entries, remarkably few of which are redundant. The

Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit” also began to publish a periodical in 1998,

Primicias: revista de la Fundación Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit,” which in

part, at least, is supposed to be or to have been devoted to bibliography.28

Several nineteenth-century scholars undoubtedly amassed sizeable working collections of their own. Obvious candidates are the archbishop-historian Federico González Suárez, and the

multifaceted Pablo Herrera, Juan León Mera, and Pedro Moncayo. Although González Suárez

(1844–1917) is better known as a historian than a bibliographer, he was responsible for the

second study of early ecuatoriana, the 1892 “Bibliografía ecuatoriana: la imprenta en el Ecuador

durante el tiempo de la colonia” (entry 139). Herrera (1820–1896), Mera (1832–1894), and

Moncayo (1807–1888) were pioneering historians and critics of national letters.29

From the point of view of bibliographic developments, however, the twentieth-century collectors

Carlos A. Rolando (1881–1969), Carlos Manuel Larrea (1887–1983), Aurelio Espinosa Pólit

(1894–1961), Nicolás Espinosa Cordero (b. 1902), Miguel Angel Jaramillo (1874–1953), and

Miguel Díaz Cueva (1919–) are much more important. The guayaquileño Rolando developed theBiblioteca de Autores Nacionales “Carlos A. Rolando,” which he donated to the Municipality of

Guayaquil in 1933. The Rolando collection has been housed in the Biblioteca Municipal de

Guayaquil ever since and its integrity respected. Rolando published two catalogs of his collection,

both of which are major registers of ecuatoriana: the 1913 Catálogo de la bibliografía nacional:

(Biblioteca de Autores Nacionales de Carlos A. Rolando) (entry 259), and the 1947 Catálogo

decimal de la Biblioteca de Autores Nacionales (entry 260).

Rolando’s prize winning 11,000 item “Bibliografía ecuatoriana,” compiled in the 1920s would

have been the first comprehensive retrospective bibliography of ecuatoriana, but it was never

published. Instead that distinction fell to Carlos Manuel Larrea’s 1948–1953 Bibliografía

científica del Ecuador (entry 180). Bibliografía científica del Ecuador was based on Larrea’sown extensive holdings and many years of research abroad. A quiteño, Larrea published a second,

at the time more extensive, edition of his bibliography in 1952 in Spain (entry 181) even before

the first had appeared in its entirety in Ecuador, and began to publish a third, considerably

enlarged edition in 1968 (entry 182). Upon its completion, however, the first edition of the

Bibliografía científica became more extensive than the second inasmuch as vol. 5 of the first

edition added 1,077 entries, bringing the total to 9,800, whereas the second edition registered 500

fewer (9,300 items). Also the updated first edition advanced coverage through 1950, whereas the

second stopped with 1949 publications.

At the same time, the three editions of Larrea’s Bibliografía científica constitute quasi-catalogs

of an exceptionally important collection of ecuatoriana. Posthumously acquired by the Banco

Central del Ecuador, Larrea’s collection is now housed in the Banco Central’s Centro de

Investigación y Cultura in Quito. Rolando and Larrea also published a number of specialized

bibliographies (see entries 254–258, 261–269, and 179, 183–189, respectively).

Aurelio Espinosa Pólit was responsible for the establishment of the magnificent collection of

ecuatoriana that now bears his name. In part it was based on holdings of his Jesuit predecessors.30



As a scholar, however, Espinosa Pólit was much more of a classicist and an editor than a

bibliographer. See, nonetheless, his bibliography of his maternal uncle Monseigneur Manuel María

Pólit Laso (entry 118).

The authors have yet to ascertain the postmortem disposition of the Nicolás Espinosa Cordero

collection. It is known, however, that Espinosa Cordero sold the majority of his holdings in life.31

His heirs probably disposed of the rest. Espinosa Cordero’s personal collection may have been

remarkable. Some idea of its holdings may be had through the 29 page Catálogo de las obras

antiguas, raras y curiosas que se hallan en la Biblioteca de Nicolás Espinosa Cordero (entry

114).32

Espinosa Cordero has the distinction of having produced the first bibliography of works on the

history of his country, the 1934 Bibliografía ecuatoriana: noticias de las obras literarias y

científicas que forman el caudal bibliográfico de la Real Audiencia de Quito, hoy República del

Ecuador, con breves datos biográficos de sus autores, 1534–1809 (entry 113). This work

remains indispensable to students of the colonial period inasmuch as Espinosa Cordero is the only

scholar as of the early 2000s, to have attempted to describe and analyze imprints of the colonial period relating to the future Ecuador regardless of where they were published. Of course, he did

not succeed as fully or as well as would have been optimum, but his yet to be surpassed

Bibliografía ecuatoriana was a well done and substantial piece of work by any standard.33

Miguel Angel Jaramillo’s collection of national publications was acquired in life by the Casa de la

Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Azuay, where it has been maintained to this day. Jaramillo

prepared four catalogs thereof, of which only two were published: the 1932 Indice bibliográfico

de la Biblioteca “Jaramillo” de Escritos Nacionales (entry 175); and the posthumous 1953

Indice bibliográfico de las revistas de la Biblioteca “Jaramillo” de Escritos Nacionales (entry

176). Parenthetically, given the relative isolation of Cuenca during the first half of the twentieth

century and the virtual none existence of bibliographic control and standards in the country, it isall the more remarkable and very much to their credit that Espinosa Cordero and Jaramillo

managed to develop such substantial holdings and to produce such major, timeless, well done

bibliographies.

Miguel Díaz Cueva’s private collection is exceptionally important because he has been making

every effort to collect national publications, including government documents and serials,

systematically as well as comprehensively. His serial holdings as well as his monographs, including

many from the late colonial, independence, and early national periods, are extraordinarily

extensive. He has not been collecting as systematically of late, however, because of health

problems and heavy medical expenses. As of July 2002, Díaz Cueva (1919–) estimated that he

held between 20 and 25,000 volumes and nearly as many titles. Hopefully one of the options for

the future maintenance of his collection that he has been exploring will be realized.

Although Díaz Cueva has turned to biographical studies in recent years,34 initially he made his

mark as a bibliographer. His 1955 Bibliografía de Honorato Vázquez (entry 104) and 1965

Bibliografía de fray Vicente Solano (entry 103) are models of historical bibliography.35



No matter how well developed bibliographic control of books and articles may be, control of

serials usually lags behind and tends to be less than complete, regardless of country. As of July

2002, the only bibliographies and related studies of Ecuadorian serials, except for newspapers,

were: (1) César Villavicencio’s 1893–1895 Anuario de la prensa ecuatoriana for 1892–1894

(entry 308); (2) Miguel Angel Jaramillo’s posthumously published 1953 Indice bibliográfico de

las revistas de la Biblioteca “Jaramillo” (entry 176); (3) Rosa Quintero Mesa’s 1973 Ecuador ,vol. 8 of her “Latin American Serial Documents” (entry 217); and (4) Edwing Guerrero Blum’s

2001 Sociedades ecuatorianas de escritores y artistas (entry 143).36

Although Villavicencio’s Anuario registers some monographs, it is mostly given over to

periodicals and newspapers. Jaramillo’s bibliography of periodicals is an exemplary piece of

work; it is an issue by issue account. Mesa’s Ecuador is an invaluable guide to government

sponsored as well as official serials of the nineteenth and the first three fourths of the twentieth

centuries. It cannot be overemphasized that Mesa registered many virtually unknown and barely

known periodicals. Guerrero Blum’s history of literary and artistic societies in the country is rich

in bibliographic information. In the case of most of the corporate entities in question, Sociedades

ecuatorianas de escritores y artistas includes a complete account of their revistas and other publications, data that are otherwise difficult to obtain.

The roster of newspapers is virtually complete for the late-eighteenth, the nineteenth, and the

early-twentieth centuries, beginning with the first newspaper published in the country, the 1792

Primicias de la cultura de Quito. For the country at large see Alejandro Ojeda V.’s dated, not

altogether reliable, but exceptionally replete 1941 chronological checklist “Estadística de la prensa

nacional ...” (entry 231), and Rolando’s bibliographically much more reliable and acceptable, but

regrettably never completed 1947–1955 Crónica del periodismo ... (entries 263 and 264).

Rolando advanced only as far as 1869. For the newspapers of Guayaquil, see Castillo’s several

studies, especially entries 72–75, and Destruge’s superb 1924–1925 Historia de la prensa de

Guayaquil (entries 100 and 101). Also of considerable importance, especially for nineteenth andearly-twentieth-century newspapers are: (1) Andrade Chiriboga’s previously mentioned 1950

Hemeroteca azuaya (entry 13); (2) Luis F. Madera’s 1927 Periódicos ibarreños (entry 206); and

(3) Máximo A. Rodríguez’s 1948 El periodismo lojano (entry 253). N.B. Andrade Chiriboga’s

Hemeroteca azuaya covers only the nineteenth century. Andrade Chiriboga (1881–1954) had

planned to add a volume on twentieth-century newspapers of his native Cuenca, but died before

he could complete the project.

The history of newspapers is more or less well known too. Guayaquileños have been especially

active in this regard, almost from the beginning of bibliographic and “scientific” historical studies

in the country. In addition to Destruge, Rolando, and Castillo, see Juan B. Cerriola’s pioneering

1909 Compendio de la historia del periodismo en el Ecuador ,37 and José Antonio Gómez

Iturralde’s 1998 Los periódicos guayaquileños en la historia, 1821–1997 .38

Insofar as Ecuadorian studies per se are concerned, there are no current bibliographies. The only

true retrospective bibliographies are the first and second editions of Larrea’s Bibliografía

científica (entries 180 and 181) and Hamerly’s Historical Bibliography of Ecuador (entry 150).



The traditional disciplines of history and literature, law and medicine, on the other hand, have

been well served. Several major bibliographies exist for history. The earliest bibliography of works

on the history of Ecuador, albeit only of the colonial period, was Espinosa Cordero’s classic 1934

Bibliografía ecuatoriana (entry 113). The 1948–1953 and 1952 editions of Larrea’s Bibliografía

científica (entries 180 and 181) are, of course, especially comprehensive when it comes to

historical materials. Until recently, the most complete bibliography of materials on the history of Ecuador, was Robert E. Norris’s 1978 Guía bibliográfica para el estudio de la historia

ecuatoriana (entry 229).

Norris claimed to have superseded Larrea, but the descriptively incomplete entries in Larrea’s

Bibliografía científica tend to be more reliable than Norris’s descriptively more acceptable

entries. The substantial bibliographic component (pp. 57–132) of Jorge Núñez Sánchez’s 1994 La

historiografía ecuatoriana contemporánea (1970–1994) (entry 230) supplements and to an

appreciable extent updates Larrea and Norris. Hamerly’s Historical Bibliography of Ecuador

provides the most recent and comprehensive coverage.

Larrea and Espinosa Cordero were autodidacts. As bibliographers it could not have beenotherwise inasmuch as neither descriptive nor enumerative bibliography were taught in Ecuador

and are still not being taught. Núñez Sánchez (1947–) is a professionally trained historian as are

also Norris (1939–) and Hamerly (1940–). Núñez Sánchez holds a doctorate in geography and

history from the Universidad de Huelva in Spain.

Three very solid general bibliographies of belles-lettres, each increasingly more complete and “up-

to-date” than its predecessor(s), have appeared over the course of the past 68 years. But Carlos

A. Rolando’s 1944 bibliography (entry 255), and Thomas L. Welch and René L. Gutiérrez’s 1989

bibliography (entry 313) tend to complement rather than supersede Guillermo Rivera’s pioneering

1934 bibliography (entry 250) and one another. Several solid specialized bibliographies such as

Michael H. Handelsman’s 1981 El modernismo en las revistas literarias (entry 152), FranciscoDelgado Santos’s 1984 historical survey and bibliography of children’s literature (entry 99), and

Hubert Pöppel’s 1999 bibliography and anthology of avant-garde authors (entry 243) also exist.

The legal literature of the country has been ably served by Juan Larrea Holguín who has

periodically reissued his Bibliografía jurídica del Ecuador , beginning in 1969, each edition of

which has been more comprehensive than the previous (entries 190–193). Larrea Holguín (1927–)

is the son of the late Carlos Manuel Larrea, professionally trained in civil and canon law, and the

current archbishop of Guayaquil. Furthermore, Larrea Holguín has given us the most

comprehensive index to date of Ecuadorian legislation.39 Also significant are Miguel Díaz Cueva’s

magisterial 1979 survey of corporate law materials (entry 105) and Graciela Egas de Venegas’s

1999 bibliography of Supreme Court decisions and studies (entry 109).

The history of medicine has been well cultivated in Ecuador. It is not surprising therefore that the

bibliography of medicine is correspondingly substantial. There are five major bibliographies, all of

which were compiled by well qualified individuals, the first of which was Carlos A. Rolando’s

pioneering 1953 Bibliografía médica ecuatoriana (entry 258), and the second Mauro Madero

Moreira and Francisco Parra Gil’s indispensable 1971 Indice de la bibliografía médica



ecuatoriana (entry 207). Although the other three bibliographies are more recent, they

supplement but do not wholly update Madero Moreira and Parra Gil’s vade mecum: (3) Rodrigo

Fierro Benítez, Jaime Breilh, and Eduardo Estrella’s 1995 Catálogo del libro ecuatoriano de

medicina (entry 126); (4) Rodrigo Fierro Benítez, Magdalena de Carrera, and Jorge Revelo

Rosero’s 1995 Bibliografía científica médica ecuatoriana publicada en el exterior (entry 128);

and (5) Rolando Costa, Eduardo Estrella, and Fernando Cabieses’s 1998 Bibliografía andina demedicinal tradicional (entry 93).40 Also important is Estrella’s brief but exceptionally informative

1988 Principales fuentes de la bibliografía médica ecuatoriana (entry 119).41

Rolando was a pharmacist turned bibliophile and bibliographer, whereas Madero Moreira (d.

1973) and Parra Gil were physicians who cultivated the history of medicine in their spare time and

retirement. As scholars, however, they were anything but amateurs.42 Estrella (1941–1996), also a

physician, abandoned medicine for history in an exceptionally promising but truncated career as a

man of letters.43 Fierro Benítez (1930–) is the founding director of the Centro Nacional de

Documentos Científicos Ecuatorianos (1972–).

The Centro Nacional de Documentos Científicos Ecuatorianos, housed in the new building of theCasa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana “Benjamín Carrión” in Quito, is one of the most important

repositories of scientific publications in the country. In addition to the Bibliografía científica

médica ecuatoriana publicada en el exterior , Fierro Benítez together with Jorge Revelo Rosero

and Flor María Hidalgo produced the 1997 Bibliografía científica ecuatoriana sobre las Islas

Galápagos (entry 127). Hopefully the series in which both appeared, “Colección Bibliografía

científica ecuatoriana”—as nos. 1 and 2, respectively—will flourish.

The social sciences have also been well served bibliographically, especially the older disciplines of

anthropology and archaeology, beginning with Marshall Howard Saville’s 1907 “Bibliography of

the Anthropology of Ecuador” in his The Antiquities of Manabi, Ecuador (entry 283) and

continuing with Paul Rivet’s 1922 “Index bibliographique de l’ethnographie ancienne del’Equateur” (entry 251). The first separately conceived, written, and published bibliography of

Ecuadorian “antiquities,” however, was Max Uhle’s 1926 “Bibliografía sobre etnología y

arqueología del Ecuador” (entry 229), which he began to update almost immediately (entry 290),

and which he reissued in a substantially enlarged edition three years later (entry 291). It should

also be noted that Saville’s, Rivet’s, and Uhle’s bibliographies focused primarily on the

prehispanic period inasmuch as hardly any ethnographic research had yet been conducted in the

country.

All three men knew the literature well, especially Uhle. Saville (1867-1935), a North American

archaeologist, pioneered the systematic and scientific study of the “prehistory” of the central

coast.44 The Frenchman Rivet (1876–1958), an anthropologist as well as an archaeologist, was the

first professional to undertake ethnographic research in Ecuador.45 Uhle (1856–1944), a German

scholar, was himself a major contributor to archaeological studies of the country where he spent

thirteen years (1919–1933) and engaged in considerable field work on the coast and in the

highlands.46

As of July 2002, the most comprehensive bibliography of anthropological and archaeological



materials continued to be the third edition of Carlos Manuel Larrea’s Bibliografía científica

(entry 182), to which the late Danish archaeologist and ecuatorianista Olaf Holm added periodic

updates (see entries 158–163).47 Other “supplements” to Larrea include: (1) Marc Becker’s 1997

essay Indians in the Ecuadorian highlands (entry 26); (2) Karus Watiunk’ (i.e., Juan Carlos

Zanutto) and Juan Bottasso’s 1978 Bibliografía general de la nación jívaro (entry 310); and (3)

Jim and Linda Belote’s ongoing web site on the Saraguros (entry 27). In this regard it should benoted that the Shuar, Achuar, and Saraguros appear to be the only ethnic groups for which

specific bibliographies exist. Also important is Gertraud Itzstein and Heiko Prumers’s 1981

Einführende Bibliographie zur Archäologie Ecuador = Bibliografía básica sobre la arqueología

del Ecuador (entry 179). For folklore studies see the Brazilian scholar Paulo de Carvalho-Neto’s

contributions (entries 65–67).

Economics, geography, government and politics, and international relations, also appear to be

more or less well covered. The most comprehensive and/or “recent” bibliographies on economic

and social conditions are: (1) the 1977 edition of Lucía Alzamora’s Ecuador, aspectos socio-

económicos: bibliografía (entry 11); (2) Germán Solano de la Sala Veintemilla’s 1991 Indice de

folletos sobre temas económicos y sociales (entry 287); (3) the two volume 1973 Bibliografía social, económica y política del Ecuador (entry 35); and (4) in its own way Bernard Lavalle’s

1995 Bibliografía francesa sobre el Ecuador (1968–1993) (entry 195).

Lavalle’s bibliography is doubly important, given the substantial contributions of French scholars

to Ecuadorian studies in recent decades. In this regard, see also Pierre Gondard’s Repertorio

bibliográfico de los trabajos realizados con la participación de ORSTOM: Ecuador 1962–1986

(entry 138), and the more recent Contribución al conocimiento de una zona de encuentro entre

los Andes ecuatorianos y peruanos, compiled by Anne Marie Hocquenghem and Zaida Lanning,

with the collaboration of Pierre Gondard (entry 156).

In addition to the general bibliographies of economic and social conditions, there are severalrelatively recent bibliographies of studies of artisans (entries 90 and 241), small and medium

enterprises (entry 94), agriculture (entries 107 ,146, 166, and 245), industries (entry 129), the

informal sector or “underground economy” (entry 220), and rural life and agrarian reform (entry

226).48 A major guide to theses in economics done at national universities was also forthcoming

(entry 167).

At least six bibliographies and discussions of geographic and geologic studies in and of Ecuador

exist, in addition to the relevant sections in the first and second editions of Larrea’s Bibliografía

científica and Hamerly’s Historical Bibliography of Ecuador . The earliest was Luis Telmo Paz y

Miño’s 1927 Bibliografía geográfica ecuatoriana (entry 237), and the most recent (again as of

July 2002) is the 1990 Guía bibliográfica de geografía física del Ecuador (entry 145), the

compilers of which interpreted their charge liberally. The others are entries 14, 56, 84, 276, and

315. Several specialized bibliographies also exist. Especially important are: (1) Robert Gerardus

Maria Hofstede’s 1998 Geografía, ecología y forestación de la sierra alta ... (entry 157); (2) the

two vol. 1993–1994 Areas protegidas del Ecuador (entry 21); (3) the 1994 Biodiversidad y

areas protegidas (entry 52); and (4) Sergio Lasso and Cristina Borja’s 1990 Bibliografía básica

sobre los principales problemas ambientales del Ecuador (entry 194). There does not appear to



be a separate bibliography of travel accounts of the country, but this genre has been well covered

by Larrea in Bibliografía científica, Norris in Guía bibliográfica, and Hamerly in Historical

Bibliography of Ecuador .

As for politics and government, there is now a bibliography of violence in Ecuador (see entry 1).

One of the best bibliographies of the literature on political developments of the 1930s through the1990s is the Oxford trained historian Enrique Ayala Mora’s essay (entry 22). Also useful in this

regard, especially for materials in English, is David Corkill’s 1989 Ecuador (entry 92). For

materials on political parties see James B. Johnson and Kenneth Janda’s 1968 bibliography (entry

177) and Flavia Freidenberg and Manuel Alcántara Sáez’s more recent online Guía bibliográfica

(entry 130).

Although a separately published bibliography on the international relations of Ecuador does not

appear to exist, there are several solid bibliographies of the Ecuador-Peru boundary dispute,

all—somewhat embarrassingly from the Ecuadorian point of view—authored by Peruvians. By far

the best of these is Juan Miguel Bákula’s monumental 1992 Perú y Ecuador (entry 23).

As a discipline sociology does not appear to have made much headway in Ecuador. Not

surprisingly, therefore, there are no general bibliographies of sociological studies. Two

bibliographies of population materials exist, however, one of contemporary demographic studies

by the French scholar Daniel Delaunay (entry 98), and the other of historical demographic and

related materials by Hamerly (entry 149). There are also two bibliographies of women’s

studies—late in developing in Ecuador—the first by two national scholars, Rocío Rosero Jácome

and Jackeline Contreras (entry 273), and the second of which is Gioconda Herrera’s online

Bibliografía sobre estudios de la mujer y el género en el Ecuador (entry 155). For rural studies

see especially entries 205 and 294. Urban studies have also finally come into their own, resulting

in the production of several significant guides to various aspects of this important field (see

especially entries 220, 252, 274, and 275). There was even a periodical devoted to the bibliography of urban studies, Ciudad de papel (entry 81). Unfortunately, however, it seems to

have succumbed within a few years of its birth (1994).

Government publications of Ecuador are inadequately known. The last general guide to separately

published documents appeared more than half a century ago, John de Noia’s 1947 Ecuador (entry

227). Rosa Quintero Mesa, however, provided us with a somewhat more recent (1973) list of

serial documents (entry 217). Nonetheless, her work too is now considerably dated as is also the

Junta Nacional de Planificación y Coordinación Económica’s 1974 Inventario de estadísticas

demográficas y socioeconómicas (entry 168). The Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos,

however, maintains a web site at http://www.inec.gov.ec/ that features a catalog of its currently

available publications.49 Also useful in this regard because it includes a checklist of government

entities of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and their annual reports is Cecilia Durán C.’s “El

Archivo-Biblioteca de la Función Legislativa: visión general del fondo.”50

Returning to the humanities, bibliographic coverage of art has been less than optimum. Thus far

there appears to have been only one general bibliography, Alfredo Chaves’s considerably dated

1942 Primer registro bibliográfico de arts plásticas (entry 80). There is a more recent



bibliography of folk or popular art, however, Juan Cordero Iñiguez’s 1980 Bibliografía

ecuatoriana de artesanías y arts populares (entry 90). Architecture has been slighted,

notwithstanding the late twentieth-century spate of important publications on the historic as well

as contemporary architecture of the country. Vol. 2 of Hamerly’s Historical Bibliography of

Ecuador , however, includes a section on art and architecture, albeit only through 1995 imprints.

The Summer Institute of Linguistics has published two editions of its Bibliografía del Instituto

Lingüístico de Verano en el Ecuador (entries 212 and 213), but there does not appear to be a

comprehensive bibliography of Ecuadorian language and linguistic materials. Certainly, there is

nothing current. Manuel T. Orejuela’s “Communication relative à la Bibliographie de la

linguistique équatorienne ...” (entry 234) dates from 1934, and the third edition of Carlos Manuel

Larrea’s Bibliografía científica (entry 182) provides coverage of linguistic materials only

through the mid 1960s. Fortunately, vol. 2 of Hamerly’s Historical Bibliography of Ecuador also

covers language and linguistic studies.

No separate bibliography of Ecuadorian music appears to exist, at least not of this writing, and

only one of the theater (entry 203)—two if one counts the preliminary sample thereof (entry 202).Again some coverage of studies of Ecuadorian music is to be found in vol. 2 of Hamerly’s

Historical Bibliography of Ecuador . Discographies are lacking for the most part. But, at least,

one now exists for pasillos.51 Filmography appears to be in better shape, a comprehensive catalog

of moving pictures produced through 1996 having appeared (entry 77). Philosophy and the

history of ideas have also gone begging for Larreas, but see entries 3, 76, and once again, vol. 2

of Hamerly’s Historical Bibliography of Ecuador (especially for history of ideas materials).

Regional bibliography is as uneven in coverage as regional development, but in reverse. There are

three substantial guides to published materials on the Galápagos: (1) Carlos Manuel Larrea’s

pioneering 1960 El Archipiélago de Colón (Galápagos) (entry 179); (2) the exceptionally

comprehensive 1996 Bibliografía de Galápagos, 1535–1995 = Galápagos Bibliographycompiled by Heidi M. Snell and others (entry 32), which lists 7,498 items;52 and (3) the solid but

not quite as comprehensive albeit better indexed Rodrigo Fierro Benítez, Jorge Revelo Rosero,

and Flor María Hidalgo’s 1997 Bibliografía científica ecuatoriana sobre las Islas Galápagos

(entry 127). Interestingly enough but not surprisingly, the 1996 and 1997 bibliographies on the

Galápagos were not only produced independently of one another but apparently without any

knowledge by either team of compilers that a parallel work was in progress. Among other reasons

this is because a clearing house of ideas, information, new and recent publications, and research in

progress does not yet exist for Ecuadorian studies. (Hopefully the “yet” in the previous statement

is not unduly optimistic.)

There are several major bibliographies of articles, books, and theses on the Oriente or the six

eastern provinces of the country,53 the most comprehensive of which appears to be Marco

Restrepo’s 1992 Amazonia ecuatoriana (entry 248). But bibliographies of the other major, much

more developed and heavily populated regions (the north coast, the central-south coast, the north-

central highlands, and the southern highlands) and their component provinces are lacking except

for Azuay and Loja. There is, however, a bibliography of studies of economic conditions in the

Province of Manabí (entry 242).



Also incredible as it may seem, there are hardly any city- or town-specific bibliographies. Again

Cuenca, the capital of Azuay, constitutes the primary exception. Although appreciably fewer in

numbers than guayaquileños or quiteños, cuencanos have produced a very substantial body of

literature and scholarship. For Cuenca and Azuay see especially entries 13, 91, 116, 125, 174, and

224, and for the city as well as the province of Loja, Emmanuel Fauroux’s impressive 1983 “Las

fuentes impresas para el estudio histórico, político, económico y social de la Provincia de Loja”(entry 124), and the 1999 Contribución al conocimiento de una zona de encuentro entre los

Andes ecuatorianos y peruanos (entry 156).

The paucity of regional and local bibliographies might not seem to be a major problem, but

publications from the smaller cities and towns do not always reach the major cities and therefore

go unnoticed for all practical purposes. Consequently, it is not always possible to obtain

information on regional and local titles. Julio Estupiñán Tello, a well known Afro-Ecuadorian

author, for example, is supposed to have published a Historia de Esmeraldas in 1958, and new

editions in 1977 and 1983, but the authors have been unable to find a full description or to obtain

a copy of any of the three. The first edition was apparently printed in Esmeraldas (the town), the

second in Portoviejo, and the third in Santo Domingo de los Colorados.

At the same time it should be noted that not all of the publications of Guayaquil and Cuenca reach

North America or Europe. Therefore it is just as difficult for ecuatorianistas to maintain

themselves abreast of new and recent articles, books, and contributions to anthologies as it is for

Ecuadorians.

There is no need, however, to be concerned about the relative lack of bibliographies of individual

authors. The hopefully only temporarily discontinued Diccionario bibliográfico ecuatoriano of

the Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit,” had been providing author-by-author

coverage (entry 46). Furthermore, Wilson C. Vega y Vega, heretofore the principal compiler of

the Diccionario bibliográfico ecuatoriano, has been issuing a number of separate bibliographiesof the works of lesser known as well as prominent intellectuals (see entries 295–305).

Nonetheless, separate bibliographies of articles, books, published sources, and theses on persons

of Ecuador are noticeably lacking. Except for bibliographies of materials on a handful of “great

men” such as Eloy Alfaro (entry 257) or Gabriel García Moreno (entry 184) and of some scholars

(especially as compiled by Vega y Vega), they simply do not exist for the most part. 54 But

Norris’s Guía bibliográfica (entry 229) as well as Hamerly’s Historical Bibliography of Ecuador

compensate to some extent for the gaps in coverage of biographical materials.

Yet to be verified and described in full are: Edison Calvache’s Bibliografía médica nacional ,55

and Alexandra Kennedy Troya’s “Bibliografía sugerida para el estudio del arte colonial en

Ecuador”;56 and several periodicals: (1) the Boletín de la Biblioteca Municipal de Guayaquil , the

first issue of which appeared in March 1910; (2) the Biblioteca General of the Banco Central del

Ecuador’s Boletín bibliográfico;57 (3) the Fundación Natura’s Boletín bibliográfico; (4) the

Instituto Andino de Arts Populares del Convenio Andrés Bello’s Diablo huma; (5) the Instituto

Ecuatoriano de Folklore’s Boletín bibliográfico; and (6) the Universidad de Cuenca’s (or del

Azuay’s) post World War II Boletín bibliográfico.58 Diablo huma (1 [1992]–) is supposed to be,



or, to have been, a semiannual covering new and recent works in the fields of folklore, popular

culture, and social life and customs.

The authors may be doing fellow ecuatorianistas a disservice by offering such a comprehensive

bibliography as it is no easy matter to lay hands on some of the bibliographies listed below. On the

problems of book and journal production in the country and the difficulty of procuring copiesthereof see: (1) David Block’s “Current Trends in Andean Scholarly Publishing: Ecuador, Peru,

and Bolivia”;59 (3) Francisco Delgado Santos’s El libro en el Ecuador ;60 (3) Carl W. Deal’s

Academic Publishing in Ecuador ;61 (4) Carlos Calderón Chico’s El libro ecuatoriano en el

umbral de un nuevo siglo;62 and (5) Freire Rubio’s Desde el mostrador del librero (entry 132).

Many of the bibliographies discussed above and described below are dated, considerably dated in

some instances. In this regard, it should be noted that almost half were published before 1976

(148 or 46.7 percent of the 316 listed below). The retrospective bibliographies are incomplete.

Comprehensive bibliographies are lacking for some disciplines and fields of study. Yet

publications in and on Ecuador continue to proliferate. The demise of the Cuenca branch of the

Centro de Investigación y Cultura’s Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano is all the more lamentable,therefore. Given the volatility of politics, including cultural, in the country and the ongoing

economic crisis, it is unlikely that the Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano will be revived or a true

successor appear, at least not in the foreseeable future. Bibliographic control of ecuatoriana,

therefore, continues to be badly needed, more so now than ever.

Nonetheless, the gains of the second half of the twentieth century, especially of the last quarter

century, are impressive. Indicative of this is the sheer number of bibliographies that appeared

between 1976 and 2000, at least 165 or 52.4 per cent of the total listed below. Bibliographies

published during the last quarter century also tended to be descriptively more complete and

appreciably better indexed than their predecessors. Hopefully the quantitative and qualitative gains

of the current quarter century will be even more impressive than those of the last.



1. All that we have been able to ascertain anything about Altamirano’s coauthor Carrillo is that

she too was a professionally trained librarian.

2. These statistics do not reflect the additional materials cited in the text and notes.

3. On the emergence and development of bibliographic canons during the early modern period,

see Luigi Balsamo’s magisterial survey, La bibliografia: storia di una tradizione (Florence:

Sansoni Editore, 1984), also available as Bibliography: History of a Tradition, translated from

the Italian by William A. Pettas (Berkeley: Bernard M. Rosenthal, Inc., 1990).

4. 3 vols. (Quito: Impr. del Gobierno, 1841–1844). Reprinted: 3 vols. Quito: Empresa Editora “El

Comercio,” 1946.

5. Historie du Royaume de Quito, 2 vols., Voyages, relations et mémoires originaux pour servir a

l’histoire de la découverte de l’Amérique, publiés pour la première fois en français par H.

Ternaux-Compans, XVIII–XIX (Paris: Arthus Bertrand, 1840). Arturo Andrés Roig maintains

that “En 1837 salió en París una versión castellana que incluye tan solo una parte de la Historia

antigua,” but he neglects to provide the corresponding reference, and we have been unable to find

a description of the edition in question: “Juan de Velasco,” Histora de las literaturas del Ecuador

(Quito: Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Sede Ecuador: Corporación Editora Nacional,

2001–), 2:184.

6. With an introduction by Julio Tobar Donoso, 2 vols., Biblioteca ecuatoriana mínima, [9–10]

(Puebla, México: Cajica, 1960), 1:403–418. Prepared from the ms. obtained by José Modesto

Larrea in Europe from Father Velasco’s heirs—apparently sometime between 1822 and 1825—as

was also the version mutilated by Yerovi.

NOTES



7. 3 vols. Quito, 1977–1979. See vol. 1, pp. 426–439. This version was prepared from microfilm

copies of the ms. originals held by the Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit” in

Cotocollao and the Real Academia de la Historia in Madrid by Juan Freile Granizo (1941–) and

others. Velasco’s Historia del Reino de Quito en la América Meridional , as edited by Alfredo

Pareja Diezcanseco, Biblioteca Ayacucho, 82 (Caracas: Editorial Arte, 1981) excludes the

Historia natural and therefore also the “Catálogo de algunos escritores,” and in many respects, isalmost as flawed as Yerovi’s version.

8. A satisfactory biography and critical assessment of Velasco has yet to be written, but see

Carlos Manuel Larrea, Tres historiadores: Velasco, González Suárez, Jijón y Caamaño, prólogo

de Jorge Salvador Lara (Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana “Benjamín Carrión,” 1988); and

vol. 1 of Arturo Andrés Roig, El humanismo ecuatoriano de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII , 2

vols., Biblioteca básica del pensamiento ecuatoriano, 18–19 (Quito: Banco Central del Ecuador;

Corporación Editora Nacional, 1984).

9. The bibliographic labors of Antonio de Alcedo have been inadequately studied and wrongfully

denigrated. Henry Harrisse (1829–1910), for example, dismissed Alcedo’s work, then availableonly in ms., as a “bulky compilation [that] seems to be based entirely upon Pinelo-Barcia [i.e.,

Antonio de León Pinelo’s Epitome de la biblioteca Oriental i Occidental, nautica y geografica

(Madrid: Iuan Gonzalez, 1629), and under the same title Andrés González de Barcia Carbadillo y

Zúñiga’s 3 vol. rev. and aug. version (Madrid: Oficina de Francisco Martinez Abad, 1737–1738)],

with the addition of a few biographical notes, which are of interest only when referring to modern

American authors”: Bibliotheca americana vetustissima: a description of works relating to

America published between the years 1492 and 1551 (New York: Gep P. Philes Publisher,

MDCCCLXVI [1866]), xxiv. Somewhat surprisingly, this egregious as well as erroneous

assertion is repeated by José Toribio Medina in his Biblioteca hispanoamericana, 1493–1810, 7

vols. (Santiago de Chile: Impreso y grabado en casa del autor, 1898–1907), 6:cxvi.

10. Cuenca, 19 de mayo de 1858: Impreso por Joaquín Maya; 26 p.

11. Two candidates for which may be: Bookworm, “Bibliografía ecuatoriana,” Diez de agosto,

1:9 (25 mayo 1881): 264–272; and “Revista bibliográfica,” Revista literaria de El Progreso

(Cuenca), 1:3 (mar. 1885): 33–38. These citations were taken from the Diccionario bibliográfico

ecuatoriano (item 46). They remain to be verified and their nature and contents ascertained.

12. Biblioteca boliviana (1869), 2ª ed. facsim., 2 vols. (La Paz: Fundación Humberto Vázquez-

Machicado, 1991–1996), which includes Moreno’s supplements of 1900 and 1908, Valentín

Abecia’s Adiciones a la Biblioteca boliviana de Gabriel René-Moreno (Santiago de Chile, 1899),

and an added subject index; Biblioteca peruana: apuntes para un catálogo de impresos (1896), 2vols. (Naarden: Anton W. Van Bekhoven, Publisher, 1970). See also José Toribio Medina, La

imprenta en Lima, 1584–1824, 4 vols. (Santiago de Chile: Impreso y grabado en casa del autor,

1904–1907; reprinted: Amsterdam: N. Israel, 1965) and Rubén Vargas Ugarte, Impresos

peruanos, 6 vols., Biblioteca peruana, 7–12 (Lima: R. Vargas Ugarte, 1953–1957).

Unfortunately, Medina and Vargas Ugarte’s vade mecum lack subject indexes. Also Vargas

Ugarte’s Impresos peruanos does not entirely supplant Medina’s La imprenta en Lima inasmuch

as the former did not incorporate all of the latter’s entries. Therefore researchers need to work



their way systematically through both. One final caveat is in order. Although Vargas Ugarte

nearly doubled the known output for the colonial period presses of Lima and Juli, an assiduous

search of North American and European repositories will turn up several hundred items unknown

to Moreno, Medina, and Vargas Ugarte.

13. In addition to Stols’s account see Francisco Miranda Ribadeneira, La primera imprentaecuatoriana, su primer promotor, el primer impresor, 1755–1955 (Ambato: Publicación del Muy

Ilustre Concejo Municipal de Ambato, 1955), which reprints “La primera obra literaria de

importancia publicada en la primera imprenta: Carta pastoral del Obispo Polo del Aguila,

compuesta por el P. Juan Bautista de Aguirre” (pp. 47–61) and includes a “Bibliografía de obras

editadas en la primera imprenta de Ambato” (pp. 41–45).

14. Castillo’s doctoral dissertation was published as Los gobernadores de Guayaquil del siglo

XVIII: notas para la historia de la ciudad durante los años de 1763 a 1803 (Madrid: Impr. de

Galo Sáez, 1931) and reprinted in 1978 by the Archivo Histórico del Guayas.

15. Some additional information, however, appears in Francisco Delgado Santos’s El libro en el Ecuador: situación y perspectivas (Bogotá: Centro Regional para el Fomento del Libro en

América Latina y el Caribe, 1987), 12-14.

16. Insofar as the history of printing per se is concerned, it could be argued that 1906, at the

earliest, would be a better cutoff date for the registration of nineteenth-century imprints inasmuch

as it was not until that year that mechanized typography was introduced, initially in Guayaquil. At

the earliest, because the rest of the country lagged behind the port city. Linotypes did not begin

tobe used in the capital until 1914, for example. Cylinder presses, on the other hand, were

introduced as early as the first half of the 1870s. Although Sánchez does not tell us what kind of

cylinder presses or how they were operated, undoubtedly they were worked by hand.

17. Víctor León Vivar Correa’s 1892 “Hombres y cosas del Ecuador: noticia de algunas

publicaciones ecuatorianas” (entry 310) erroneously reported as “apparently the first attempt to

register national publications” in Hamerly’s Bibliography of Ecuadorian Bibliographies (entry

246), is in reality is a bibliographic essay on the reformer bishop of Quito José Pérez Calama and

the physician, pensador , and precursor Eugenio Espejo.

18. Bibliographical series, no. 1 (Washington, D.C.: Inter-American Book Exchange, 1938);

Bibliographical series, no. 4 (Washington, D.C.: Inter-American Book Exchange, 1939), both of

which were mimeographed. See also the related ten page, also mimeographed Producción

bibliográfica ecuatoriana, 1938, produced by the Biblioteca Nacional del Ecuador in 1939. It is

not known if the National Library issued a Producción bibliográfica ecuatoriana for 1936–1937.

19. Edwing Guerrero Blum, Sociedades ecuatorianas de escritores y artistas (entry 143), 72.

20. Freire Rubio has also given us a history of booksellers in Quito (the only one for any city or

town in the country to date): ¡Esas viejas librerías de Quito!, 1ª ed (Quito: Cámara Ecuatoriana

del Libro, Núcleo de Pichincha, 1993; 100 pp.).

21. Personal communication of Edgar Freire Rubio of 23 July 2002.



22. For directories of libraries in the country as of the 1970s and 1980s see: André Preibish,

Directorio-guía de las bibliotecas en Ecuador (Ottawa: National Library of Canada, Collections

Development Branch, 1979; vii, 117 pp.); and Fernando Carrión, Centros de investigación y

bibliotecas: directorio ecuatoriano, 1ª ed. (Quito: Centro de Investigaciones CIUDAD-

CONUEP, 1988; 306 pp.).

23. For a guide to and discussion of the limited literature on universities in Quito during the

colonial period see: Pilar Ponce Leiva, “La educación disputada: repaso bibliográfico sobre la

enseñanza universitaria en la Audiencia de Quito” (entry 244).

24. Regarding the introduction of European, especially peninsular, imprints into the colony, see

Pedro José Rueda Ramírez, “La circulación de libros desde Europa a Quito en los siglos

XVI–XVII,” Procesos: revista ecuatoriana de historia, 15 (I–II semestres 2000): 3–20.

25. Quoted in Rodrigo Fierro Benítez, Magdalena de Carrera, and Jorge Revelo Rosero.

Bibliografía científica médica ecuatoriana publicada en el exterior (entry 128), ix. In this

regard, it should also be noted that publishers are not required by law to deposit copies of imprints with the National Library. There is a ministerial decree to that effect (no. 10,284 of the

Ministerio de Educación y Cultura), but it has neither been observed nor enforced.

26. The catalogs of the majority of university libraries in Ecuador are now on the Web. Some

have restricted access, including those of the Universidad Central. Although important as

indicators of the holdings of said libraries, their utility as bibliographies (at least the online

catalogs that the author has been able to access), is virtually nonexistent. Hopefully, some day,

however, they will serve as bases for the creation of a national online union list. For a discussion

of movement in this direction, see entry 83.

27. Chaves erroneously reported vol. III as never having been published and was unaware of the

Apéndice (entry 79, p. 12).

28. No. 1 (mayo de 1998)–. Probably discontinued after the subsequent removal of the team that

had been producing the Diccionario bibliográfico ecuatoriano.

29. See especially: Pablo Herrera’s Antología de prosistas ecuatorianos, 2 vols. (Quito: Impr. del

Gobierno, 1895–1896) and his Ensayo sobre la historia de la literatura ecuatoriana (Quito:

Impr. del Gobierno, 1860; 149 pp.); Mera’s Ojeada histórico-crítica sobre la poesía

ecuatoriana: desde su época más remota hasta nuestros días, 2ª ed. (Barcelona: Impr. y Litogr.

de José Cunil Sala, 1893; x, 633, ii pp.), the 1st ed. of which was published in Quito in 1868; and

Moncayo’s “Ensayo sobre la Historia de la literatura ecuatoriana, por Pablo Herrera,” Museo

Histórico, 17:51 (abr./jun. 1971): 1–65, originally published: Santiago de Chile: Impr. y Librería

del Mercurio de Santos Tornero, 1861. Although not of any great bibliographic importance, these

four works contain considerable information on authors of the colonial, independence, and early

national periods. Two other pioneering, nowadays all but forgotten, but still important works in

this regard are the guayaquileño Vicente Emilio Molestina’s Lira ecuatoriana: colección de

poesías líricas nacionales, escojidas i ordenadas con apuntamientos biográficos (Guayaquil:

Impr. y Encuad. de Calvo i Cª, 1866; ix, 340 pp.) and his Literature ecuatoriana: colección de



antigüedades literarias, fábulas, epigramas, sátiras y cuadros descriptivos de costumbres

nacionales, escogidas y ordenadas con apuntamientos biográficos (Lima: Tip. y Encuad. de A.

Alfaro y Cª, 1868; 163 pp.). Molestina was much shorter lived than his highland colleagues; his

dates are 1846–1875.

30. On the formation and subject trajectory of the Espinosa Pólit Library see Julián G. Bravo, LaBiblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit, S.I.” (Quito: Instituto Superior de Humanidades

de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, 1967; 27 pp.) and Biblioteca Ecuatoriana

“Aurelio Espinosa Pólit,” 1929–1979: Biblioteca – archivo de escritores y asuntos ecuatorianos

y museo de arte e historia (Quito: Talleres Gráficos “Minerva,” [1979?]; 140 pp.).

31. The year of Espinosa Cordero’s birth is sometimes given as 1901 instead of 1902; the latter,

however, appears to be correct. The authors have not yet been able to ascertain what year he

died.

32. Díaz Cueva doubts that Espinosa Cordero personally held copies of the majority of early and

rare books that he described in his several bibliographies.

33. Espinosa Cordero himself considered his Bibliografía ecuatoriana to have been no more than

a preliminary effort. Unfortunately, adverse circumstances precluded his publishing the more

definitive work he had in mind and apparently had begun to prepare.

34. María Cristina Cárdenas Reyes, Miguel Díaz Cueva, and Alberto Luna Tobar, Cultura

política e iglesia: Fray Vicente Solano y la formación del estado nacional ecuatoriano (Cuenca:

Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Azuay: Universidad de Cuenca, 1996; 525 pp.); and

Miguel Díaz Cueva and Fernando Jurado Noboa, Alfaro y su tiempo, 1ª ed., Colección SAG, 118

(Quito: Fundación Cultural del Ecuador, 1999; 315 pp.).

35. Díaz Cueva’s bibliography of Solano has been updated and supplemented by María CristinaCárdenas Reyes’s Fray Vicente Solano y su época: fuentes documentales (entry 61), with

considerable input from Díaz Cueva himself.

36. See also, however, the sections on “Serials” in the present author’s Historical Bibliography of

Ecuador (entry 150) and on “Ecuador” in Gabriela Sonntag, Serial Publications Available by

Exchange: South America, Bibliography and Reference Series, 37 (Albuquerque: SALALM

Secretariat, General Library, University of New Mexico, 1995), 120–132.

37. Guayaquil: Impr. de “El Grito del Pueblo,” 1909; 233 pp.

38. 1ª ed., 3 vols. Colección Guayaquil. (Guayaquil: Archivo Histórico del Guayas, 1998).

39. 145 años de legislación ecuatoriana, 1830-1975, 2 vols. (Quito: Corporación de Estudios y

Publicaciones, 1977).

40. The section on Ecuador, compiled by Estrella, is extensive (pp. 19–81). See also Rolando

Costa Ardúz’s Bibliografía sobre medicinal tradicional del area andina (La Paz: Instituto

Internacional de Integración, 1987; xxxvi, 178 pp.), which includes Ecuadorian materials.



Unfortunately, it consists of a simple list of works in alphabetical order by authors, and is not

indexed by countries or subjects.

41. According to Estrella, Principales fuentes (p. 16), the Banco de Información Científico-

Médica de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Central del Ecuador published three

vols. of Bibliografía médica nacional between 1979 and 1983, consisting of 134, 160, 85 pp.,respectively, but the authors have not yet been able to verify their particulars. They have,

however, seen No. 4 (1989; 283 pp.). It and apparently also nos. 1–3 are indexed by authors,

titles, and subjects. Nos. 1–4 register a total of 8,389 items. Also useful is Estrella’s section 4 (pp.

18–20) in which he lists bibliographies of theses in medicine done at the universities of Quito,

Guayaquil, Cuenca, and Loja, and sections 5.1 (pp. 21–22) of “Estudios bibliográficos [médicos]

por tema,” 5.2 (pp. 22–23), “Estudios bibliográficos [de médicos],” and 5.3 (pp. 23–25),

“Bibliografías individuales.”

42. See, for example, Madero’s classic Historia de la medicina en la Provincia del Guayas

(Guayaquil: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Guayas, 1955).

43. Estrella was particularly interested in the history of natural science, which had been little

cultivated in his country. He rescued from quasi oblivion and edited with extensive introductions

the exceptionally important Juan José Tafalla, Flora Huayaquilensis: sive descriptiones et icones

plantarum huayaquilensium secundum systema linnaeanum digestae, 2 v. in 1 case (cvi, 283, ccv

pp.) (Matritii [i.e., Madrid]: Instituto ad Conservandam Naturam (ICONA, M.A.P.A.); Horto

Regio Matritense, 1989.); and Antonio Pineda Ramírez’s not forgot ten but inadequately known

Trabajos zoológicos, geológicos, químicos y físicos en Guayaquil (Barcelona: Lunwerg Editores,

1996; 237 p.). Pineda Ramírez was a member of the Alejandro Malaspina Expedition. The tome in

question constitutes vol. 8 of the “Expedición Malaspina” series.

44. Saville awaits a full scale biographical treatment, but see Segundo E. Moreno Yánez, Antropología ecuatoriana: pasado y presente (Quito: Edit. Ediguías, 1992; 136 p.) on the

contributions of international as well as national scholars to the emergence of anthropology,

archaeology, and ethnohistory as disciplines in the country.

45. For an appreciation of Rivet’s contributions to the archaeology and ethnography of Ecuador,

see Paul Rivet, 1876–1976: selección de estudios científicos y biográficos (Quito: Casa de la

Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1977; 365 p.).

46. Jorge G. Marcos, “Max Uhle y la arqueología en el Ecuador: precursor, investigador y

profesor,” in Estudios andinos: Max Uhle, su obra, y su repercusión, herausgegeben von Ursula

Thiemer-Sachse ... [et al.], Indiana (Berlin, Germany), 15 (Berlin: Gebr. Mann Verlag, 1998),

197–215; Michael Tellenbach, “Acerca de las investigaciones de Max Uhle sobre las culturas

tempranas de Surecuador” in ibid., 269–353.

47. For an appreciation of the bibliographic and other labors of Olaf Holm, see Susana Guimaraes,

“Olaf Holm (1915–1996),” Journal de la Société des Américanistes 83 (1997): 316–320.



48. For a partial guide to other bibliographies of agriculture see Armando Cardoza’s two leaf

Bibliografía de bibliografías agrícolas del Ecuador, 1965–1972 (Quito: Instituto Interamericano

de Ciencias Agrícolas de la OEA, 1973). Cardoza (1928–) is a Bolivian agronomist.

49. It seems that INEC expects foreign governments and libraries to make up its budget deficit,

judging by its outrageous prices. The three vols. of the “Serie Descentralización,” for example,sell for $480 inside of Ecuador, but for $810 elsewhere in Latin America, and for $1,200 in “the

rest of the world.” No wonder libraries in North America and Europe bought only the first vol.,

Compendio de las necesidades básicas insatisfechas de la población ecuatoriana: mapa de la

pobreza (Guayaquil: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos, 1995). The other two vols. in the

set, also published in 1995, are: Propuesta para descentralizar las rentas del Estado (II) and

Dinero descentralizado convertido en bienestar (III).

50. Memoria, MARKA, Instituto de Historia y Antropología Andina, 1 (nov. 1990): 189–256.

51. Alejandro Pro Meneses, Discografía del pasillo ecuatoriano (entry 246).

52. The way in which the Snell bibliography came to the authors’s attention highlights one of the

problems of online searching, knowing under which subject headings to look. The Snell

bibliography shows up under “Galapagos Islands – Bibliography” sans country qualifier and

therefore does not appear under any search qualified by the term “Ecuador” regardless of how

employed.

53. From North to South, the eastern provinces are: Sucumbios, Orellana, Napo, Pastana,

Morona-Santiago, and Zamora-Chinchipe.

54. To which should be added Santos A. Himiob’s Sucre, época & épica, 1795–1995:

bibliografía del general en jefe y gran mariscal de Ayacucho Antonio José de Sucre: homenaje

en el bicentenario de su nacimiento (Caracas: Biblioteca Nacional, 1995; 145 pp.), which consistsof 1,680 entries. Indexed chronologically and thematically.

55. Quito: Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de

Investigaciones, Banco de Información Científica Médica Ecuatoriana, 1989.

56. Apparently published in Caspicara, 5 (1995).

57. The only issues the authors have seen are: Año XVII, número 53, consisting of 480 pages,

and corresponding to “Libros ingresados durante el período de enero a dic. de 1974”; and Año

XVIII, número 55, consisting of 75 pages, and corresponding to “Libros ingresados durante el

período de julio a diciembre de 1975.” The materials acquired during said periods are describedminimally and listed in accordance with the Universal Decimal System.

58. The latter of which is supposed to have included in its title in one way or another “Juan

Bautista Vázquez.” In this regard, it should be noted that pre-AACR2 serial records in OCLC

tend to be bibliographically worthless. AACR2 serial records are not much better, not so much

because libraries tend to catalog from copy in hand, usually incomplete, which is understandable

enough, but because far too few cataloguers make an effort to obtain more complete information,



admittedly not always easy, more often than not because their institutions do not provide them

with the time or the resources, which is again understandable but, nonetheless, deplorable.

59. Revista interamericana de bibliografía = Inter-American Review of Bibliography, 36 (1986):

129–144.

60. Bogotá: Centro Regional para el Fomento del Libro en América Latina y el Caribe, 1987; 65

pp.

61. Latin American Information Series, 4. Albuquerque: SALAAM Secretariat, General Library,

University of New Mexico, 1994; 34 pp.

62. Of which there are two editions: Guayaquil: C. Calderón Chico, 2000; 74 pp.; and 2ª ed. corr.

y aum. (Guayaquil: C. Calderón Chico, 2000; 79 pp).





by


BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND RELATED WORKS

1. “Acercamiento bibliográfico al fenómeno de la violencia en Ecuador.” In Violencia en laregión andina: el caso de Ecuador , edited by Julio Echeverría and Amparo Menéndez-Carrión. 1ª ed. Serie Estudios. Ciencias políticas (Quito: Facultad Latinoamericana deCiencias Sociales, Sede Ecuador, 1994), 261–273.

As the political and economic climates of the country deteriorated during the late twentiethcentury, acts of violence, including the use of force by the state, became more commonplace. Atimely guide, therefore, to some of the coeval literature on this major political and social phenomenon.1

2. Acosta Solís, Misael (1910–1994). Bibliografía científica del Dr. M. Acosta Solís de1928 a 1972. Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1972. [34] pp.

Apparently the most complete of the several “autobibliographies” of the prolific Acosta Solís, oneof the most important twentieth-century botanists and natural historians of the country, if not themost important. He was certainly the most prolific.2 Among his several important works, the threein five vol. Los recursos naturales del Ecuador y su conservación (México, D.F.: InstitutoPanamericano de Geografía e Historia, 1965–1969) deserves special mention because the fifthvol. is given over to Bibliografía sobre la naturaleza ecuatoriana.

3. Albán, María Elena. “Bibliografía de filosofía ecuatoriana.” Revista de historia de lasideas 2ª época, 4 (1983): 263–275.

An alphabetical list of works by authors that express philosophical views of Ecuadorians. See alsoentry 76.

4. Alcedo y Bejarano, Antonio de (1736–1812). Bibliotheca americana: catálogo de losautores que han escrito de la América en diferentes idiomas, y noticia de su vida y patria, años en que vivieron, y obras que escribieron (1807), introducción [y edición] deJorge A. Garcés G. 2 vols. Publicaciones del Museo Municipal de Arte e Historia, vol. 32,t. 1–2. Quito: Museo Municipal de Arte e Historia, 1964–1965.



The first complete publication of this basic reference work, previously virtually unknown.Transcribed from the 1807 holographic revision in the New York Public Library.3 Includesinformation not always to be found in later bibliographies on authors of the colonial period andtheir output. Descriptively and enumeratively acceptable.

5. Alcedo y Bejarano, Antonio de (1735–1812). “El diccionario inédito de Alcedo [1791],”transcribed with an introduction by Gonzalo Zaldumbide, Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia, 2:3/4 (ene./abr. 1921): 71–93.4

Reproduces only “lo concerniente a autores que, por haber escrito algo relacionado con el antiguoReino y Presidencia de Quito, o por haber nacido o simplemente pasado por ahí ejerciendo algúncargo o misión, o por cualquier otro motivo, interesan al Ecuador de algún modo particular.”Extracted from the 1791 ms. in the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris and therefore from an earlier,substantially less complete version of the Bibliotheca americana (entry 4). In this regard,however, it should be noted that the 1807 revision is also incomplete: it too contains elipses for eventual inclusion of additional data.

6. Alcina Franch, José. Bibliografía de trabajo. Trabajos preparatorios, vol. 3. Madrid:Departamento de Antropología y Etnología de América, Universidad Complutense deMadrid, 1974. iii, 74 leaves.

At head of title: Proyecto “Arqueología de Esmeraldas” (Ecuador). A working bibliography of 715 items on the anthropology and archaeology of Ecuador, especially of the Province of Esmeraldas. Organized thematically and by authors. Indicates holding libraries in Spain andEcuador.

7. Altamirano Silva, Alonso (1936–), and Carmen Carrillo. “Bibliografía y bibliotecología en

el Ecuador.” Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano 1976–1977 y Bibliografía ecuatorianano. 8–9 (1978): 9–31.5

Partially updates and adds to Chaves’s Fuentes principales de la bibliografía ecuatoriana (entry79). Includes some citations, especially of older works, not previously known to the authors.6 Atthe same time, however, it should be noted that some of the citations are erroneous and that notall of them correspond to bibliographies. Also of interest is Altamirano and Carrillo’s sketch of the history of libraries and library science in the country (pp. 27–31), both of which topics remainin need of elaboration and elucidation.

8. Alvarado, Rafael (1893–1964)). Indice de traducciones ecuatorianas. 2ª ed., corr. y aum.con un apéndice sobre traducciones mundiales. Quito: Editorial Casa de la CulturaEcuatoriana, 1957. 54 pp.

A revised and augmented edition of item nine. Also published in Revista (Quito: Casa de laCultura Ecuatoriana) 11:17 (1956): 349–388.

9. Alvarado, Rafael (1893–1964). “Indice de traducciones ecuatorianas para el repertorio



internacional de traducciones Index translationum de la UNESCO.” Boletín deinformaciones científicas nacionales (Quito) 6:59 (1954): 505–528.

The first edition of item eight. Lists published translations from their original languages into other European languages (e.g., from Spanish into English and from English into Spanish) of works on

Ecuador regardless of discipline by national and foreign authors through 1953.

Also published as a separate: Indice de traducciones ecuatorianas (Quito: Casa de la CulturaEcuatoriana, 1954; 31 pp.).7

10. Alvarez Mantilla, Mauro, and Irving Iván Zapater. “Periódicos ecuatorianos en laBiblioteca Nacional de Colombia,” Cultura, 7:19 (mayo/ago. 1984): 309–327.

Covers the years 1822 through 1888. Specifies issues held.

11. Alzamora C., Lucía. Ecuador, aspectos socio-económicos: bibliografía. 2ª ed. Serie

Materiales de trabajo, no. 14. Quito: Junta Nacional de Planificación y CoordinaciónEconómica: Instituto Latinoamericano de Investigaciones Sociales, 1977.8 212 pp.

A revised and considerably augmented edition of entry 12. Lists 2,043 articles, books,contributions to anthologies, and theses. See also the comment under entry 12.

12. Alzamora C., Lucía. Ecuador, aspectos socio-económicos e integración económica:bibliografía. Serie Materiales de trabajo, no. 7. Quito: Junta Nacional de Planificación yCoordinación Económica: Instituto Latinoamericano de Investigaciones Sociales, 1976. ii,182 pp.

A bibliography of materials on social and economic conditions. Lists 1,522 articles, books,contributions to anthologies, and theses. The first edition of item 11. Although both items 11 and12 are organized thematically, neither is indexed. Entries marked by an asterisk were/are held bythe Biblioteca of the Instituto Latinoamericano de Investigaciones Sociales in Quito.

13. Andrade Chiriboga, Alfonso (1881–1954). Hemeroteca azuaya. 2 vols. (287, 245 pp.)Cuenca: Edit. El Mercurio, 1950.9

A comprehensive, chronological account of nearly all, if not all, newspapers published in Cuencaduring the nineteenth century. Specifies banner, format, number of pages and of columns, whenthe newspaper began to be published and if known, when it ceased publication, the number of issues, the printers, the editors, the collaborators or contributors, and highlights their coverage.Based on complete collections in the majority of instances. Andrade Chiriboga also summarizesand comments on the contents of the 132 newspapers covered.

14. Andrade Marín, Luciano (1893–1972). “La bibliografía geográfica ecuatoriana y losgeógrafos ecuatorianos.” Anales de la Universidad Central 23:328 (1949): 19–38.



A bibliography of works on the geography of the country and of works by national geographers.Emphasizes the contributions of the pioneers of the late colonial and early national periods, PedroVicente Maldonado, Juan de Velasco, Antonio de Alcedo, and Manuel Villavicencio.

15. Anrique Reyes, Nicolás (d. 1904). Noticia de algunas publicaciones ecuatorianas

anteriores a 1792. Santiago de Chile: Imprenta Nacional, 1891. 23 pp.

Insofar as can yet be determined, the first bibliography of ecuatoriana per se as well as the first bibliography of early Ecuadorian imprints. It registered four Ambato and fifteen Quito titles.Includes facsimiles of title pages. Also published in Revista ecuatoriana 4:3:39 (mar. 1892):112–122.

16. Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano 1975 y Bibliografía ecuatoriana no. 6 . Quito:Universidad Central del Ecuador, Biblioteca General, 1976. 374 pp.

Constituted vol. 1 of Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano 1975, which cumulated the first five

issues of Bibliografía ecuatoriana, a bimonthly that began with año 1, no. 1 (ene./feb. 1975), andat the same time corresponded to no. 6 thereof (see entry 30). Registered 1,324 articles, books,and contributions to anthologies published during the first half of the 1970s. Indexed. See also thecomment under entry 18.

17. Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano 1976–1977 y Bibliografía ecuatoriana nos 8–9.Quito: Universidad Central del Ecuador, Biblioteca General, 1978. 427 pp.

Constituted vol. 2 of Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano, and corresponded to nos. 8–9 of Bibliografía ecuatoriana. It also cumulated no. 7 of Bibliografía ecuatoriana (entry 30), nownominally a “semestral,” but in reality an irregular. Added 808 books, articles, and contributions

to anthologies to the register. Indexed. The only issue to include a book review section. See alsothe comment under entry 18.

18. Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano 1978–1979 y Bibliografía ecuatoriana no. 10. Quito:Universidad Central del Ecuador, Biblioteca General, 1981. 143 pp.

Constituted vol. 3 of Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano, corresponded to no. 10 of Bibliografíaecuatoriana (entry 30), and was the last issue of either published. Described 316 books, articles,and contributions to anthologies bringing the total number of publications registered by the Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano and Bibliografía ecuatoriana to 2,448. Indexed.

Items 16–18 were annual/biennials and therefore constitute a serial. All three volumes areorganized in accordance with the universal decimal system of classification and include author,title, subject, and relevant corporate body indexes. This annual/biennial, together with its predecessor Bibliografía ecuatoriana (originally a bimonthly) constituted a notable attempt toestablish control over national publications. Copies of all the materials described were to befound in the Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central del Ecuador, the director of which wasAlonso Altamirano Silva (1936–), a professionally trained librarian. Not related to items 19, 33,



and 108.

19. Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano ... 1982–1987. 7 vols. Cuenca: Banco Central delEcuador, Centro de Investigación y Cultura, 1984–1991.

Not to be confused with items 16–18. The Anuario for 1983 appeared in two vols. Indispensablefor materials published in the 1980s. Each vol. includes an author index. The vol. for 1982registered 2,278 items; for 1983, 7,206 items; for 1984, 2,216 items; 985, 2,687 items; for 1986,3,581 items; and for 1987, 3,481 items, excluding periodical issues, which were listed separatelyand note enumerated. Continues Ecuador, bibliografía analítica (entry 108). See also Bibliografía retrospectiva ecuatoriana (entry 33).

20. Arcos, Gualberto. “Aporte para la bibliografía del Archipiélago de las Galápagos.” Analesde la Universidad Central 56:296 (abr./jun. 1936): 629–644.

A bibliography of works on the Galápagos Islands. See also entries 32, 127, and 179.

21. Areas protegidas del Ecuador: bibliografía básica, editor: Enrique Abad R. 2 vols.Quito: INEFAN: Fundación Natura, 1993–1994.

Registers 1,600 articles and books, the majority—but not all of which—have to do with the floraand fauna of Ecuador and the conservation thereof. Exceptionally well indexed by subjects,authors, titles, and countries of coverage.

22. Ayala Mora, Enrique (1950–). “Ecuador.” In Bibliographic Essays. Vol. 11 of TheCambridge History of Latin America, edited by Leslie Bethell. (Cambridge: CambridgeUniversity Press, 1995), 826–832.

A revised version of the bibliographic essay (pp. 854–859) that accompanied Enrique AyalaMora’s “Ecuador Since 1930” in Latin America since 1930: Spanish America, vol. 8 of TheCambridge History of Latin America, ed. Leslie Bethell (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,1991), 687–725.

23. Bákula, Juan Miguel. Perú y Ecuador: tiempos y testimonios de una vecindad . 1ª ed. 3vols. Lima: CEPEI : FOMCIENCIAS, 1992.

Vol. 1 (410 pp.) is entirely given over to bibliography. References to numerous other, relatedPeruvian and Ecuadorian publications are to be found in the copious notes to vols. 2 and 3, towhich access is had via the “Indice onomástico” at the end of vol. 3. Vols. 2–3 also constitute a balanced, comprehensive, more or less objective, and scholarly treatment of the boundary dispute between Ecuador and Peru, the history of the Upper Amazon Basin, and relations in general between the two countries.

24. Barrera B., Jaime (1910–1977). “Bibliografía para el estudio de la prehistoriaecuatoriana.” Anales de la Universidad Central 58:299 (ene./mayo 1937): 99–149.



A bibliographic essay on the prehispanic period. Arranged chronologically. Reprinted in Indianistas, indianófilos, indigenistas: entre el enigma y la fascinación: una antología de textos sobre el ‘problema’ indígena , ed. Jorge Trujillo (Quito: ILDIS: Abya-Yala, 1993), 63–116.

25. Bayle, Constantino (b. 1882). “Notas sobre bibliografía jesuítica de Mainas.” Missionalia

hispánica 6:17 (1949): 277–317.

More a historiographic than a bibliographic essay on Jesuit accounts of their missions in theUpper Amazon Basin during the colonial period. Includes manuscript as well as publishedmaterials. Somewhat chatty and definitedly biased. Yet insofar as the Ecuadorian Oriente isconcerned, the only specific guide to and discussion of Jesuit mission literature. These reports arealso studies of and sources on the ethnography, geography, and history of the Oriente.

Reprinted as the “Introducción” to vol. 2 of Bayle’s edition of Manuel J. Uriarte, Diario de unmisionero de Mainas, Biblioteca “Missionalia Hispanica,” vol. 9 (Madrid: Consejo Superior deInvestigaciones Científicas, Instituto Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, 1952; 2 vols.), xi–lii.

26. Becker, Marc. Indians in the Ecuadorian highlands. Latin American Studies AssociationSection on Ecuador, 1997. http://www.yachana.org/ecuatorianistas/

Describes and annotates fifty books, most of which appeared in the 1980s and 1990s, on theethnography of the highlands and indigenous issues.

27. Belote, James Dalby, and Linda Smith Belote. Saraguro, Provincia de Loja, Ecuador .2001. http://www.saraguro.org/

A multifaceted web site that includes comprehensive bibliographies on this distinct ethnic group in

the Province of Loja (e.g., “Etnohistoria de los Saraguros antes de 1850: documentos y libros”and “Etnohistoria de los Saraguros entre 1850 y 1950: documentos y libros”).10 The Belotes have been studying the Saraguros since the early 1960s. Updated periodically.

28. “Bibliografía de Pablo Muñoz Vega.” Cultura 9:25 (mayo/ago. 1986):121–143.

A register of writings of and on Muñoz Vega (1903–1994), who was archbishop of Quito(1967–1984) and an exceptionally important churchman. He was made a cardinal in 1969.

29. “Bibliografía ecuatoriana.” Revista de la Biblioteca Municipal de Quito 1 (dic. 1959):69–75.

The only installment. Reviewed 26 works published between 1956 and 1959.

30. Bibliografía ecuatoriana = Ecuadorian bibliography = Bibliographie del’Equateur [sic]= Ecuadorianisch Bibliographie.11 Año 1, no. 1 (ene./feb. 1975)–No. 7 (1976). 6 nos.Quito: Universidad Central del Ecuador, Biblioteca General, 1975–1976.

http://www.yachana.org/ecuatorianistas/

http://www.saraguro.org/

http://www.saraguro.org/




Compiled by Gonzalo Abad with the assistance of Alfredo Breilh, Nicanor Jácome, PatricioMoncayo, Gretha Muñoz, Alicia Naranjo, Fabián Sandoval, and Angel Serrano. A major bibliography of social scientific materials, including historical studies. It must be used with care,however, as authors’s names are frequently misspelled. Annotated, but not indexed.

36. Bibliographie sur l’Equateur = Bibliography on Ecuador . Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Development Centre, 1985. iii, 85 pp.

Compiled for the “Seminario sobre Desarrollo Económico” held in Quito in Aug., 1965, with thecooperation and support of the Union Française des Organismes de Documentation and theUniversität Kiel. Consists mostly of materials published in Europe on Ecuador and the country’seconomic development. See also entries 137 and 194.

37. Bibliography of agricultural credit materials from Ecuador . Columbus: AgriculturalFinance Center, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Ohio StateUniversity, 1967. 6 leaves.

A bare bones listing of agricultural credit and related materials available at the Arnold AgriculturalCredit Library of the Agricultural Finance Center at Ohio State University. Presumably theholdings of the Arnold Agricultural Credit Library on Ecuador have increased significantly sincethis list was compiled.

38. Biblioteca de Autores Nacionales “Carlos A. Rolando.” XXV aniversario de la fundaciónde la Biblioteca de Autores Nacionales “Carlos A. Rolando,” 1913–1938. Guayaquil:Imprenta i Talleres Municipales, 1938. 104 pp.13

A list of works of national authors in one of the most important collections of ecuatoriana. N.B.

The Rolando Library holds materials not found in other collections of ecuatoriana, a considerationthat applies to the Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit,” the Jaramillo collection in theBiblioteca de la Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Azuay, and the Larrea collection inQuito’s Centro de la Investigación y Cultura as well.

39. Biblioteca de la Comisión Legislativa (Ecuador). Catálogo de la Biblioteca de laComisión Legislativa. Quito: Talleres Gráficos Nacionales, 1954. 113 pp.

A partial guide to the library holdings of one of the oldest and most important researchrepositories in the country, the Archivo-Biblioteca de la Función Legislativa, which dates from1886. The Biblioteca de la Comisión Legislativa was a separate entity between 1945, when theComisión Legislativa Nacional was established, and 1975, when its library was incorporated intothe Departamento de Biblioteca of the Archivo-Biblioteca de la Función Legislativa.

40. Biblioteca de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Central del Ecuador. Catálogo deobras de la Biblioteca de la Facultad de Derecho. Quito: Edit. Universitaria, 1957. 100 pp.



A register of works in the Law Library of the Central University.

41. Biblioteca de la Superintendencia de Compañías de Guayaquil (Ecuador). Boletínbibliográfico y cultural . Nº 1 (agosto, 1983)–. Guayaquil: Biblioteca de laSuperintendencia de Compañías de Guayaquil, Difusión Técnica y Promoción, Biblioteca,

1983–.

Only issue seen. See also the comment under following entry.

42. Biblioteca de la Superintendencia de Compañías del Ecuador, “Dr. Ricardo CornejoRosales.” Boletín bibliográfico y cultural . Nº 1 (nov. de 1.981)–. Quito: Biblioteca de laSuperintendencia de Compañías del Ecuador, Difusión Técnica y Promoción, Biblioteca,1981–.

At least five issues appeared, the latest of which corresponds to “enero de 1984.” Given over tolegal, economic, and administrative materials, including Ecuadorian, held by the issuing library.

43. Biblioteca del Club de la Unión. Catálogo decimal de la Biblioteca del Club de la Unión.Guayaquil: Imprenta Luis Zea C., 1933. 126 pp.

A catalog of the library of the most prestigious private club in the port city.

44. Biblioteca del Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas de la Universidad Central delEcuador. Catálogo de obras de la Biblioteca del Instituto de Investigaciones Económicasde la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Central . Quito: Impr. de laUniversidad Central, 1955. 105 pp.

A register of works in the Institute of Economic Research Library of the Central University.Divided into national and foreign works and arranged according to the Universal DecimalClassification.

45. Biblioteca del Maestro (Cuenca, Ecuador). Catálogo general y reglamento de la“Biblioteca del Maestro.” Cuenca: Tip. de la Universidad, 1933. 16 pp.

At head of title: Dirección de Estudios del Azuay. An alphabetical list by authors and titles.Organized by subjects.

46. Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit.” Diccionario bibliográfico ecuatoriano.<8> vols. Quito: Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit,” 1989–<1999>.

Tomos 1–2 and 4: “Dirigido por Julián G. Bravo Santillán, S.J. con la colaboración de Wilson C.Vega Vega y Víctor H. Vaca Bravo”; t. 3: “... con la colaboración de Wilson C. Vega Vega yMartha Llumiquinga Nieto”; t. 5: “Dirección: Julián G. Bravo Santillán, S.J. Preparación WilsonC. Vega y Vega.” Regardless of how the credits read, Vega y Vega has been doing almost all of the actual work. Although not listed in the credits, Carlos A. Cartagenova also collaborated in the



production of this bibliography, at least of vol. 1.

An exceptionally comprehensive bibliography of national authors as well as a catalog of thelargest collection of ecuatoriana in the world. It includes newspaper articles, pamphlets, and other ephemera. Indexed by author, subject, and year of publication. Tomo 1, A–An, consists of 6,347

entries; t. 2, An–Ba, of 8,387 entries; t. 3, Ba–Cam, of 8,339 entries; t. 4, Can–Coh, of 8,215entries; t. 5, Col–Cor , of 6,333 entries; t. 6, Cos–CH of 5,962 entries; t. 7, D–EC of 5,772entries; t. 8, Ech–Esp of 4,593 entries.

Not an easy tool to use; entries are entered by year of publication under author rather thanalphabetically by title under author. Authors’s names are given only once, at the beginning of thelist of his/her publications. Thereafter three-em dashes are employed. This problem was alleviated but not wholly resolved by adding last names as running headings, beginning with t. 2, and author indexes, beginning with t. 4. Presumably the decision to use the author-date system of citationwas made because the compilers of the Diccionario bibliográfico ecuatoriano are endeavoring to produce a quasi-historical bibliography, at least for authors. (Unfortunately, they do not discuss

the issue of format, an oversight for which they should not be unduly faulted as altogether toomany bibliographies suffer from this shortcoming, regardless of nationality or discipline of compiler or purpose of compilation.) To their credit, the compilers of the Diccionariobibliográfico ecuatoriano have been including collation statements.

In addition to the problem of employing three-em dashes for repeated names, this quasi-historical bibliography also enters works by more than one author under each author without indicating primary responsibility. Therefore, the Diccionario bibliográfico ecuatoriano ignores the questionof main entry. It should also be noted that because it is a library catalog as well as a bibliography,the Diccionario bibliográfico ecuatoriano includes some works that have nothing to do withEcuador.

Unfortunately and most regrettably, the publication of this invaluable work was suspended uponthe recent dismissal of Father Bravo, the director of the Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio EspinosPólit” for many years, and Vega y Vega. Hopefully, the Diccionario bibliográfico ecuatorianowill be continued and eventually completed.

47. Biblioteca “Manuel María Muñoz Cueva” de la Casa de la Cultura Ecuadoriana, Núcleodel Azuay. Hemeroteca “Piedad Paredes de Jaramillo.” Cuenca: Casa de la CulturaEcuadoriana “Benjamín Carrión,” Núcleo del Azuay, 1990. 49 pp.

A catalogue of periodical and newspaper holdings.

48. Biblioteca Médica del Hospital Luis Vernaza. Catálogo decimal de la Biblioteca Médicadel Hospital Luis Vernaza. Guayaquil: Imprenta La Reforma, 1950. 119, 22 pp.

Includes a subject index (22 pp. at end). Supersedes the first edition: Guayaquil: Tipografía de laSociedad Filantrópica del Guayas, 1947; 61, 17 pp.



49. Biblioteca Nacional del Ecuador. Bibliografía de autores ecuatorianos. Quito: Casa de laCultura Ecuatoriana, 1977. 474 pp.

Lists works of Ecuadorian authors held by the Biblioteca Nacional.14 Organized according to theUniversal Decimal System and therefore by subjects. Almost all of the works described there

within, not always accurately, are twentieth-century imprints. Unfortunately, virtually all of theformer nineteenth-century holdings of the Biblioteca Nacional appear to have been filched. Somematerials of the colonial period, however, have survived (see entry 50).

50. Biblioteca Nacional del Ecuador. Incunables y libros raros y curiosos de los siglos XV, XVI, XVII y XVIII, de la sección llamada “Hispanoamericana.” Quito: Casa de la CulturaEcuatoriana, 1959. 108 pp.

Describes pre–1801 separates, including several early Ecuadorian imprints, held by the NationalLibrary of Ecuador. Said materials, it will be recalled, originally belonged to the Jesuits.

51. Biblioteca Pública del Azuay (Ecuador). Catálogo de la Biblioteca Pública del Azuay. 9vols. Cuenca: Imp. de la Universidad por M. Vintimilla, 1890–1892.

Contents: I, Ciencias eclesiásticas (1890; 13 pp.); II, Jurisprudencia (1890; 12 pp.); III, Ciencias políticas y económicas (1890; 14 pp.); IV, Historia (1890; 12 pp.); V, Literatura (1891; 18 pp.);VI, Ciencias (1891; 10 pp.); VII, Medicina (1891; 24 pp.); VIII, Artes y oficios (1891; 9 pp.);IX, Apéndice (1892; 12 pp.).

The first printed catalog of an Ecuadorian library. The Biblioteca Pública del Azuay, sometimesknown as the Biblioteca Pública de Cuenca, was founded in 1882, and was also the library of theUniversidad del Azuay.15 Vol. 1 registered 181 items; vol. 4, 186 items; vol. 5, 323 items; vol. 6,

165 items; vol. 7, 423 items; vol. 8, 118 items; and vol. 9,113 items. 16

Also published in: Revista científica y literaria de la Corporación Universitaria del Azuay, 1:5(jul. 1890): 174–177; 1:6 (ago. 1890): 204–209; 1:7 (sept. 1890): 237–245; 1:8 (oct. 1890),261–277; 1:9 (nov. 1890): 302–309; 1:10 (dic. 1890): 338–341; 1:12 (feb. 1891): 413–421; 2:12(jun. 1891): 29–32; 2:14 (jul. 1891): 67–72; Revista de la Universidad del Azuay, 2:15 (ago.1891): 98–104; 2:16 (sept. 1891): 128–136; 2:17 (oct. 1891): 261–268; 2:18 (nov. 1891):295–300; 2:19 (dic. 1891): 324–332.

52. Biodiversidad y areas protegidas. 1ª ed. Catálogo bibliográfico, no. 1. Quito: Fundación Natura, [1994]. 178 pp.

A bibliography of the flora, fauna, and nature preserves of the country.

53. Boletín bibliográfico, dirección bibliográfica Ruben Uchuari Arévalo. Año 1, nº 1(jul./oct. 1983)–. [Quito]: CREITA, Centro de documentación e información sobretecnologías apropiadas, 1983–.



At head of title: Banco Central del Ecuador, FODERUMA. Nº 1 describes and indexes 150 items by authors, titles, subjects, year(s) of research, and geographic area of coverage. Año 1, nº 2(nov. 1983–feb. 1984), which was compiled with the collaboration of Darwin Jiménez Carrión,describes and analyzes 350 items.

Inasmuch as this bulletin indexes materials in the applied sciences and technology, it could beargued that it falls outside the scope of this bibliography. However, it includes some Ecuadorianmaterials of interest to social scientists.

54. Boletín bibliográfico ecuatoriano. Vol. 1, no. 1 (ene./mar.1967)–vol. 1, no. 2 (abr. /jun.1967). Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1967. 2 nos.

Unfortunately, this promising attempt of the 1960s to provide national bibliographic coveragedied with the second issue.17 It was compiled by Alfredo Alvear, Matilde Altamirano, XimenaEspinosa, and Mary Altamirano, all four of whom were professionally trained in library science inthe mid 1960s at the Escuela Interamericana in Medellín.

55. Bravo, Julián G. (1919–). “La bibliografía mariana de los siglos XVII y XVIII en laAudiencia de Quito.” Revista del Instituto de Historia Eclesiástica Ecuatoriana 7 (1983):83–115.

A guide to Marian publications of the colonial period. At the same time a partial guide to earlyEcuadorian imprints. Copiously illustrated. Also published as a separate: Quito: Offset Ecuador,1984. 56 pp., [58] pp. of ill.

56. Bristow, C.R. (Clement Roger). An Annotated Bibliography of Ecuadorian Geology.Overseas Geology and Mineral Resources, no. 58. London: H.M.S.O. [for] Institute of

Geological Scences, Natural Environment Research Council, 1981. ii, 38 pp.

Lists and evaluates 903 + items. Exceptionally well indexed by subjects and within subjects by provinces as appropriate. The reason for the plus sign is because Bristow includes multiplesentries under the same number in some instances and because he added three pages of unnumbered and unindexed “late entries.” Of interest to natural historians and physicalgeographers as well as geologists and mineralogists.

57. Bromley, R. J. Bibliografía del Ecuador: ciencias sociales, económicas y geográficas.Quito: Junta Nacional de Planificación y Coordinación Económica, 1970. 61 pp.

A bibliography of social scientific studies. Includes an author index. Also published in the series:Travaux et documents de géographie tropicale, no. 2. Paris: Centre National de la RechercheScientifique; Talence, France: Centre d’Études de Géographie Tropicale, 1970.

58. Bueno C., Ricardo. (d. 1952). Ensayo bibliográfico de los escritos del Ilmo. y Rvdmo. Dr. Dn. Federico González Suárez, arzobispo de Quito. Quito: Tipografía de la “PrensaCatólica,” 1925. xxviii, 143 pp.



An annotated guide to the writings of the archbishop historian (1844–1917), the founder of theAcademia Nacional de Historia.18 See also the comment under entry 59. Originally published in: Dios y patria (Riobamba), 1:3 (1924), 277–301; 2:5 (1925), 7–17; 2:6 (1925), 164–177; 2:7/8(1925), 370–424; 3:9 (1926), 1–41. See also entry 254.

59. Bueno C., Ricardo. (d. 1952). Homenaje a la memoria del Ilmo. y Rvmo. Sr. Dr. D. Federico González Suárez en el centenario de su nacimiento, 1844–12 de abril–1944:ensayo bibliográfico de sus obras y escritos. 2ª ed. Quito: Imprenta del Ministerio deGobierno, 1943. 149 pp.

A reprint, not a revised or augmented edition, of item 59. Organized by themes and ecclesiastical positions held (bishop of Ibarra, apostolic administrator of Guayaquil, and archbishop of Quito) asis also, of course, item 58. Both versions include content analysis of his collected andmiscellaneous works.

60. Cañadas López, Alvaro. Bibliografía de la región amazónica ecuatoriana 1994. Quito:

PROFORS, 1994. 85 pp.

“Con la colaboración del ingeniero Wolfgang von Reitzenstein.” A bibliography of materials onthe Oriente available in libraries in Quito. Organized thematically. The subjects covered are:“antropología,” “arqueología,” “bosques,” “botanica,” “climatología-hidrología,” “ecología,”“etnobotanica,” “etnografía,” “etnohistoria,” “geología-geomorfología,” “lingüística,”“planificación y desarrollo,” “recursos no renovales,” “salud y nutrición,” “suelos,” and “usoactual del suelo.” Should be consulted as a whole as some of the entries are entered under erroneous subjects. Not indexed. PROFORS is the Programa Forestal-Sucumbios, a project of theInstituto Ecuatoriano Forestal y de Areas Naturales y Vida Silvestre (INEFAN), and CooperaciónTécnica Alemana (GTZ).

61. Cárdenas Reyes, María Cristina. Fray Vicente Solano y su época: fuentes documentales.Cuenca: Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, Universidad de Cuenca, 1993. xv, 386 pp.

“Con la colaboración de: Miguel Díaz Cueva, Edgar Cevallos Gualpa, Leonardo Torres León.”Registers 830 works by Solano in chronological order, including posthumous publications(1828–1953), and 191 manuscripts relating to and publications about Solano, also inchronological order (1816–1990). Indicates repository in which seen as do also items 62 and 63.Includes onomastic and subject indexes. Better done than item 62. At the same time itcomplements item 62 inasmuch as Solano was a leading, if not the most important, conservativeideologue of the nineteenth century just as Peralta was one of the leading, if not the mostimportant, liberal ideologues of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. See also entry103.

62. Cárdenas Reyes, María Cristina. José Peralta y el liberalismo: análisis documental .Quito: Banco Central del Ecuador, Centro de Investigación y Cultura, 1988. 319 pp.

Items 62 and 63 are bibliographies of publications of and on one of the leading liberal ideologues.



Organized chronologically. Item 62 includes unpublished as well as published sources (pp.99–168). Peralta’s life and career spanned the second half of the nineteenth century and the firstthird of the twentieth inasmuch as he was born in 1855 and lived until 1937. Item 62 also registersmaterials on liberalism and the Liberal period (1895–1925). Cárdenas Reyes is a Chilean historian.

63. Cárdenas Reyes, María Cristina. “La producción periodística de José Peralta.” Revista IDIS 18 (ene. 1988): 39–66.19

See the comment under entry 62.

64. Carrera M., Lelia, and Lucila Córtez Miranda. “Bibliografía colonial ecuatoriana.” Analesde la Universidad Central del Ecuador 63:308 (ene./jun. 1940): 576–652.

A bibliography of mostly published but also some manuscript materials of and on the colonial period. Consists of 244 entries.

65. Carvalho-Neto, Paulo de. (1923–). “Bibliografía afro-ecuatoriana: (1ª y 2ª entregas).” Humanitas: boletín ecuatoriano de antropología (Quito) 4:2 (1963): 5–19.

Registers and annotates 39 items. Reprinted in Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia,77:163–164 (ene./dic. 1994): 271–381. See also the comment under entry 67.

66. Carvalho-Neto, Paulo de. (1923–). “Bibliografía del folklore ecuatoriano: (1ª y 2ªentregas).” Anales de la Universidad Central 93:348 (mayo 1964): 111–168.

Registers and annotates 179 items. See also the comment under entry 67.

67. Carvalho-Neto, Paulo de. (1923–). “Bibliografía del folklore ecuatoriano: 3ª entrega.” Revista del folklore ecuatoriano 1 (oct. 1965): 211–216.

Registers and annotates 25 additional items, bringing the total to 204. Items 65–67 were the firstsystematic attempts to register folklore materials of/on Ecuador by a scholar who was himself amajor contributor to folklore studies of the country. Annotated. Unfortunately, no one appears tohave continued Carvalho-Neto’s pioneering efforts.

68. Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana. Catálogo general de publicaciones de la Casa de laCultura Ecuatoriana, 1944–1965. Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1965. 219 pp.

An annotated list of works published by the Casa de la Cultura and its branches from 1944through 1965. Includes notes on authors. Illustrated. This exceptionally well done catalog wascompiled by Alfredo Chaves, then director of the Archivo Nacional de Historia, and Laura deCrespo, for many years the librarian of the Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana.

69. Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana “Benjamín Carrión.” Catálogo de obras publicadas por la Editorial de la Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana “Benjamín Carrión.” Quito: Casa de la



Cultura Ecuatoriana “Benjamín Carrión,” 1980. 47 pp.

Supplements item 68.

70. Castillo, Abel Romeo (1904–1996). “Ediciones del Canto a Bolívar publicadas en la vida

de Olmedo.” Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Históricas 13:31/32 (1962): 60–72.

A register of coeval editions of Olmedo’s Canto a Bolívar . Although as a politician Olmedo(1780–1847) vehemently opposed the Liberator’s annexation of the Free Province of Guayaquil,as a poet Olmedo waxed eloquent in his well received, almost instantaneous classic “Ode toBolívar.”

71. Castillo, Abel Romeo (1904–1996). La imprenta de Guayaquil independiente:1821–1822. 2ª ed. corr. y aum. Guayaquil: Banco Central del Ecuador, 1982. xiii, 202 pp.

A solid study of and excellent guide to early imprints in Guayaquil. There are, however, additional

1821 and 1822 imprints of the port city in local, regional, and national archives, libraries,museums, and private collections of the country not registered in Castillo. In this regard it should be noted that the author did almost all of his research abroad.

72. Castillo, Abel Romeo (1904–1996). La imprenta de Guayaquil independiente,1821-1822: historia, bibliografía, catálogo, notas, facsímiles. Guayaquil: Casa de laCultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Guayas, 1956. xvi, 204 pp.

The original edition of item 71. Consists of three sections: (1) “Bibliografía de la imprenta deGuayaquil independiente”; (2) “Periódicos guayaquileños, 1821–1822 ...”; and (3) “Impresosguayaquileños: catálogo de hojas volantes y folletos vistos, citados o conocidos, 1821–1822.”

Includes, therefore, some items not seen by Castillo himself but known from reliable sources tohave been printed in the port city.

Both editions are complemented by selections from “los textos ‘clásicos’ de la historia de laimprenta de Guayaquil independiente”: (1) the anonymous 1880 “Inauguración de la imprenta enGuayaquil” that appeared in the port city daily La Nación on 12 Oct. 1880; (2) Gustavo ArboledaR. (1881–1938), El periodismo en el Ecuador , ed. corr. y aum. (Guayaquil: Impr. de “El Gritodel Pueblo,” 1909; 233 pp.); (3) Pedro Carbo (1813–1894), “Orígenes de la imprenta enGuayaquil,” El Telégrafo (Guayaquil), 9 Oct. 1909; (4) Juan B. Ceriola, Compendio de lahistoria del periodismo en el Ecuador (Guayaquil: Litografía e Impr. Filantrópica del Guayas,1909; vi, 196 pp.); and (5) José Gabriel Pino Roca (1875–1931), El establecimiento de laimprenta en Guayaquil (Guayaquil: Tip. Gutenberg, 1906; 58 pp.).

73. Castillo, Abel Romeo (1904–1996). “El primer periodista y el primer periódicoecuatoriano.” Anales del Archivo Nacional de Historia y Museo Unico, época 2ª, 1(1939): 126–137.

On El Patriota de Guayaquil (Guayaquil, 1821–1827; 1829), which Castillo had been in the



process of reprinting year by year ( El Patriota de Guayaquil y otros impresos, recopilación,introducción y notas por Abel Romeo Castillo [Guayaquil: Banco Central del Ecuador, ArchivoHistórico del Guayas, 1981–1987; 2 vols.]) and its editor, Francisco María Roca (1786–1846), onwhom Castillo also has much to say in items 71 and 72.

74. Castillo, Abel Romeo (1904–1996). “Los primeros diarios de Guayaquil (1860–1884).” Revista de la Universidad de Guayaquil , 2ª época, 8:10 (1971): 5–30.

An essay on the first daily newspapers in the port city. Also published as a separate: Guayaquil:Departamento de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Guayaquil, 1971.

75. Castillo, Abel Romeo (1904–1996). “Los primeros periódicos guayaquileños: brevecatálogo bibliográfico.” Revista de la Universidad de Guayaquil , 2ª época, 7:9 (dic.1969/feb. 1970): 29–54.

Covers the years 1821–1830.

76. “Catálogo de libros de filosofía en el Ecuador.” Cultura 2:4 (mayo/ago. 1979): 389–415.

A list of philosophy books published in the country, including some by national authors, compiled by the “Equipo de Investigación de Historia de las Ideas en el Ecuador, Departamento deFilosofía, Universidad Católica del Ecuador.”

77. Catálogo de películas ecuatorianas, 1922–1996 . Quito: Fondo Editorial de la Casa de laCultura Ecuatoriana “Benjamín Carrión,” 2000. 400 pp.

At head of title: Patrimonio Fílmico Nacional, Cinemeteca Nacional del Ecuador, Casa de la

Cultura Ecuatoriana “Benjamín Carrión.” A catalogue of 218 national films, including those produced for promotional purposes, held by the Cinemeteca Nacional del Ecuador. The majorityof films held are documentaries (160 or 73,.3 percent). Indexed by “authors” (i.e., the persons primarily responsible for their creation), titles, subject matter, genre, year of production, relevant personnel, and locations.20 N.B. Does not include video productions, a separate catalogue of which is supposed to be forthcoming. Also excludes those films known to have been producedin/on the country but not held by Cinemeteca Nacional.

78. Centro de Documentación de CIESPAL. Comunicación en bibliografías: bibliografíarecibida en 1991. Quito: CIESPAL, Centro Internacional de Estudios Superiores deComunicación para América Latina, 1992. 126 pp.

Registers materials received by Centro de Documentación in 1991, including some Ecuadorian publications. Consists of 310 entries. Indexed by authors and subjects. See also entry 85.

79. Chaves, Alfredo (1902–1963). Fuentes principales de la bibliografía ecuatoriana.Publicación, Asociación de Bibliotecarios del Ecuador, Grupo Bibliográfico Nacional, no.1. Quito: Editorial Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1958. 24 pp.



The pioneering attempt to establish the history of and bibliography of national, regional, and local bibliographies. Relatively full yet curiously incomplete. But the lack of bibliographic control andthe difficulty in laying hands on all appropriate publications have to be taken into account.

Also published in Revista (Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana), 10:19 (1957): 291–308.

80. Chaves, Alfredo (1902–1963). Primer registro bibliográfico de artes plásticas en el Ecuador . Quito: Impr. de la Universidad, 1942. [40] pp. (i.e., pp. 77–116).

Lists 302 articles and books. Published together with José Alfredo Llerena, La pinturaecuatoriana del siglo XX (pp. 1–76).

81. Ciudad de papel . 1 (ene. 1994)–. Quito: Centro de Investigaciones CIUDAD, 1994–.

A bibliographic bulletin, an alternative title of which is Boletín bibliográfico de CIUDAD. Mostlygiven over to materials on urban conditions. May be defunct.

82. Clagett, Helen Lord. A Guide to the Law and Legal Literature of Ecuador . Washington,D.C.: Library of Congress, 1947. viii, 100 pp.

Unfortunately, this well done reference work has never updated. Still useful for historicalresearch. Includes an onomastic index.

83. Coloquio Nacional “Bases de Datos y Realidad Ecuatoriana” (2nd : 1996 : Quito,Ecuador). Memoria. 2 vols. (160, 89 pp.) Quito: Centro Panamericano de Estudios eInvestigaciones Geográficas, CEPEIGE, 1996.

Contents of vol. 1: Tema no. 1. Sistemas de información geográfica y afines; Tema no. 2. Datossociales; Tema no. 3. Bases bibliográficas; Paneles: síntesis.

This is a work for which the content indicators and therefore the “corresponding” subjectheadings that have been assigned by catalogers are misleading. Although the proceedings inquestion examine and discuss computerized social scientific and bibliographic data basesestablished or under consideration at the time by various research institutions and severaluniversities in the country, they do not contain any bibliographical references whatsoever.Primarily of interest, therefore, to automation or systems librarians and information scientists.

Vol. 2 entitled: Directorio de bases de datos. Putatively, “una segunda edición ...” Presents “enorden alfabético el nombre de la institución, la dirección, el carácter público o privado, elresponsable con su cargo, la denominación de la base de datos, su sistema operativo, su tamaño,el contenido y los requerimientos para el acceso a la información.”

84. Colton, Roger B. (1924–). Bibliography of geology and geography of Ecuador . OpenFile Report, 68–62. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Geological Survey, [1968]. [2], 65 leaves.



This main entry bibliography is “an attempt to list all reports and maps that concern the geologyand geography of Ecuador, regardless of their antiquity, quality, or obscurity. Most of thecompilation was done before or during 1963. Elizabeth Hambleton and the librarians of theGeological Survey deserve much credit for the compilation . . . Most of the publications referredto were examined by the author, but because many obscure publications could not be obtained,

the accuracy of the citation cannot [ sic] be verified” (leaf [2], 1st

count).

85. Comunicación popular en América Latina: resúmenes bibliográficos. 3 vols. Quito:CIESPAL, [1986].

Contents: 1. Comunicación popular en América Latina; 2. Cultura popular en América Latina:técnicas de comunicación popular ; 3. Educación popular en América Latina.

Describes and analyzes approximately 1,000 items published between 1970 and 1983, some of which have to do with Ecuador.

86. “Contribución para la Exposición Bibliográfica ‘Humboldt’ en el ObservatorioAstronómico de Quito.” Boletín de informaciones científicas nacionales, 90 (1959):314–353.

Organized by expositors. Includes some Ecuadorian materials.

87. Corbera Mori, Angel. Bibliografía de la familia lingüística jíbaro. Documento de trabajo,no. 48. 1 vol. (98 pp.) Lima: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Centro deInvestigación de Lingüística Aplicada,1984.

Only vol. published. A bibliography of Shuar, Achuar, Aguaruna, and Huambisa language studies.

The first two constitute the “Ecuadorian” ethnic groups previously known as Jívaros.

88. Cordero Iñiguez, Juan. “Bibliografía cronológico [de y sobre Honorato Vásquez].” Revista del Centro de Estudios Históricos y Geográficos de Cuenca 49 (1985): 29–61.

A historical bibliography of works by and on Honorato Vásquez ((1855–1933), one of the mostdistinguished sons of Cuenca, a prolific author, and an important diplomat. He was involved in theearly-twentieth-century attempt by the king of Spain to mediate the Ecuador-Peru boundarydispute.

89. Cordero Iñiguez, Juan. Bibliografía del padre José María Vargas. [Cuenca: s.n., 1988].[8] pp.

Difficult to obtain and not nearly as complete as item 304. Included for the sake of completeness.

90. Cordero Iñiguez, Juan. Bibliografía ecuatoriana de artesanías y artes populares. Cuenca:Centro Interamericano de Artesanías y Artes Populares, 1980. xxii, 373 pp.



Registers 999 items. Broader in coverage than the title implies. Well indexed.

91. Cordero Iñiguez, Juan, and Bernarda Crespo Cordero. Bibliografía azuaya del siglo XIX .Cuenca: Banco Central del Ecuador, 1989. 370 pp.

An exceptionally well done year by year listing of 3,701 items published in Cuenca and bycuencanos elsewhere at one time or another between and inclusive of 1828 and 1899. Annotated.Indexed by author and subject matter. Extraordinarily comprehensive inasmuch as the compilersincluded broadsheets, journal articles, and contributions to anthologies and festschriften.

92. Corkill, David. Ecuador . World Bibliographical Series, vol. 101. Oxford, Eng.: Clio Press,1989. xxi, 155 pp.

Useful for general readers and beginning researchers, but too limited for post baccalaureate or advanced research. Describes 557 items in the humanities and the social sciences. Each entry isannotated. Emphasizes English language and therefore by default general Latin American, South

American, and Andean materials rather than Ecuadorian materials per se. Indexed by authors,titles, and subjects. Indicative of the limited holdings on Ecuador in Great Britain.

93. Costa Arduz, Rolando, Eduardo Estrella (1941–1996), and Fernando Cabieses. Bibliografía andina de medicina tradicional: (Bolivia, Ecuador, Perú) . Quito:Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Sede Ecuador, 1998. 105 pp.

Contents: Rolando Costa, “Bolivia” (pp. 7–18); Eduardo Estrella, “Ecuador” (pp. 19–81);Fernando Cabieses, “Perú” (pp. 83–105).

A main entry bibliography. Not indexed, but the extensive section on Ecuador includes subject

headings and summaries.

94. Cueva, Juan Martín, and Monica Sánchez. Bibliografía ecuatoriana sobre pequeña ymediana empresa. Quito: INSOTEC, Unidad de Investigaciones de Política Industrial,Centro de Documentación e Información, [1988]. 134 pp.

A bibliography of 192 items on small and medium-sized businesses in Ecuador. Indexed bysubject, authors (including corporate body), and geographic area of coverage.

95. Davidson, Russ. “Federico González Suárez: Bio-Bibliographical Notes,” Revistainteramericana de bibliografía = Inter-American Review of Bibliography , 33 (1983):13–20.

Supplements Bueno (entries 58 and 59) and Rolando (entry 254).

96. Deas, Malcolm (1941–). “Ecuador.” In Bibliographic Essays. Vol. 11 of The Cambridge History of Latin America, edited by Leslie Bethell (Cambridge: Cambridge UniversityPress, 1995), 474–476.



See the comment under entry 97.

97. Deas, Malcolm (1941–). “Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador.” In Bibliographic Essays.Vol. 11 of The Cambridge History of Latin America, edited by Leslie Bethell (Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1995), 274–283.

Items 97 and 96 (in that order) evaluate literature on the first 100 years of the national period(i.e., from 1830 through 1930). They are revised and updated bibliographic essays, the originalversions of which appeared as the bibliographic components (pp. 879–886 and 863–870,respectively): of Malcolm Deas’s “Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador: the First Half Century of Independence” in From Independence to c. 1870, vol. 3 of The Cambridge History of Latin America, ed. Leslie Bethell (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), 507–538, andDeas’s “Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela, c. 1880–1930” in C. 1870 to 1930, vol. 5 of theCambridge History of Latin America, ed. by Leslie Bethell (Cambridge: Cambridge UniversityPress, 1986), 641–682.

98. Delaunay, Daniel. Demografía en el Ecuador, una bibliografía; Poblaciones de las parroquias: Ecuador, 1950–1982. Documentos de investigación. Serie Demografía ygeografía de la población, no. 1–2. Quito: Centro Ecuatoriano de InvestigaciónGeográfica, 1985. 16, 69 pp.

The first title is a bibliography of demographic studies on the country. The second, coauthoredwith Blanca Carrera and Juan León, is a correction of the global results of the 1950, 1962, 1974,and 1982 censuses of the population.

99. Delgado Santos, Francisco (1950–). Ecuador y su literatura infantil: estudio ybibliografía. 2ª ed. Quito: Subsecretaría de Cultura del Ministerio de Educación, 1984.

249 pp.

Originally published in 1982. The two chapters of interest are the fifth, “Panorama de la literaturainfantil ecuatoriana” (pp. 55–104), which includes notes for a history of children’s literature in thecountry, and sixth, “Bibliografía de la literatura infantil ecuatoriana” (pp. 105–169), which isorganized by genres and includes an author index.

100. Destruge, Camilo (1863–1929). Historia de la prensa de Guayaquil . Memorias de laAcademia Nacional de Historia, 2–3. 2 vols. Quito: Tip. y Encuadernación Salesianas,1924–1925.

An exceptionally important contribution to the history of newspapers in Guayaquil. A treasuretrove of bibliographic data. Also a major study of cultural and related developments in the portcity in the 1800s and early 1900s. Vol. 2 includes an appendix on: “Revistas literarias, científicas,etc; Periódicos jocosos, de caricaturas etc.; Almanaques y guías de la ciudad.”

Largely based on the holdings of the Municipal Library of Guayaquil, of which Destruge was thedirector for many years.



101. Destruge, Camilo (1863–1929). Historia de la prensa de Guayaquil . 2 vols. Quito:Corporación Editora Nacional, 1982.

Reprints item 100. Includes an introductory study by Abel Romeo Castillo.

102. Díaz Cueva, Eduardo, Guillermina Martínez A., and Margarita G. de Quesada. Libroscoloniales de la Universidad de Cuenca “Biblioteca Juan Bautista Vázquez”: catálogo general . Cuenca: Centro de Computo de la Biblioteca General, 1997. 37 pp.

Describes 105 imprints of the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries held by the Libraryof the University of Cuenca. Includes 10 leaves of photocopies of title pages. Indexed by authors.

103. Díaz Cueva, Miguel (1919–). Bibliografía de Fray Vicente Solano. Cuenca: Casa de laCultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Azuay, 1965. 318 pp.

Includes an analysis of Solano’s collected Obras (Barcelona: Tip. la Hormiga de Oro, 1892–1895;

4 vols.). Solano (1781–1865) was a cuencano, a conservative, a Catholic priest, and the editor of Cuenca’s first newspaper El Eco del Azuay (1828).21 See also entry 61 the comment under entry104.

104. Díaz Cueva, Miguel (1919–). Bibliografía de Honorato Vázquez. Cuenca: Casa de laCultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Azuay, 1955. 192 pp.

Items 103 and 104 are model bibliographies. They list and describe in chronological order and painstaking detail virtually every, if not every, original edition of Solano’s and of Vázquez’soeuvres.

105. Díaz Cueva, Miguel (1919–). “Bibliografía ecuatoriana sobre derecho societario.” In Memoria de la Superintendencia de Compañías del Ecuador, 1964–1979 (Quito:Superintendencia de Compañías del Ecuador, 1979), 321–327.

A bibliography of corporate and related legal materials.

106. Documenta: revista de informaciones económicas. Nº 1, oct. 1993–. Quito: BancoCentral del Ecuador, 1993–.

Only issue seen. Consists of 52 pages and features “Indice de artículos sobre economia y finanzasaparecidos en revistas extranjeras recibidas por la Hemeroteca del Banco Central del Ecuador.”

107. Economic Aspects of Agricultural Development in Ecuador: A Bibliography of Materials Dealing with Ecuador in the Land Tenure Center Library, compiled by the staff of theLand Tenure Library. Madison: Land Tenure Center, 1972. 28 pp.22

108. Ecuador, bibliografía analítica: índice periódico de publicaciones nacionales yextranjeras sobre el Ecuador . Año 1, no. 1 (jul. 1979)–año 3, no. 3 (dic. 1982). Cuenca:



Banco Central del Ecuador, Centro de Investigación y Cultura, 1979–1982. 9 nos.

Organized by disciplines. Includes analytics of anthologies and periodicals. Indexed by author.The inaugural issue covered publications of 1978. Continued by: Anuario bibliográficoecuatoriano (entry 19).

109. Egas de Venegas, Graciela. Excma. Corte Suprema de Justicia : administración del Sr. Dr. Héctor Romero Parducci. 1. ed. Bibliografía jurídica nacional, no. 3.23 Quito:Publicación de la Biblioteca, Centro Nacional de Información en Ciencias Jurídicas yAdministración de Justicia, CENICJAJ, 1999. 369 pp.

Half title: Excelentísima Corte Suprema de Justicia. “La presente bibliografía ha sido preparada por Graciela Egas de Venegas, Directora de la Biblioteca, Centro Nacional de Información enCiencias Jurídicas y Administración de Justicia, CENICJAJ” (t.p.).

A bibliography of Supreme Court of Justice and related legal materials. Organized thematically.

Indexed by author, title, subject matter, and jurisdiction.

110. Especies indígenas de la región andina / Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología(Ecuador); Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (Ecuador); Board of theCartagena Agreement; Proyecto “Sistema Subregional de Selección y Transferencia deTecnología”; Base de Datos Bibliográficos del Sector Agropecuario del Ecuador.Bibliografía anotada, no. 1. Quito: Ediciones del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia yTecnología, CONACYT, 1989. xiv, 78 pp.

A bibliography of materials on indigenous farm crops (i.e., New World cultigens).

111. Espín Lastra, Alfonso R. “Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central: sección de libroscoloniales que pertenecieron a la Universidad de San Gregorio Magno y luego a la biblioteca del doctor Eugenio Espejo.” Cuadernos de arte y poesía (Quito) 9 (mar. 1960):108–147.

Lists 489 early works. Organized by subjects and subsets thereof. Also published in Anales de laUniversidad Central del Ecuador 84:344 (1960): 363–398.

112. Espín Lastra, Alfonso R. Libros coloniales de la Universidad Central: catálogo general .Quito: Edit. Universitaria, 1963. 105 pp.

Divided into two parts, works published before 1700, and works published after 1700. Each partis further divided by subjects and subdivided by subsets thereof. The subjects are “Obrasgenerales,” “Filosofía,” “Religión,” “Ciencias sociales y derecho,” “Filología,” “Ciencias puras,”“Ciencias aplicadas,” “Literatura,” and “Historia y geografía.”

113. Espinosa Cordero, Nicolás (b. 1902). Bibliografía ecuatoriana: noticias de las obrasliterarias y científicas que forman el caudal bibliográfico de la Real Audiencia de Quito,



hoy República del Ecuador, con breves datos biográficos de sus autores, 1534–1809 .Cuenca: Impr. del Colegio Nacional “Benigno Malo,” 1934. viii, 171 pp.

A notable attempt to establish the output of relevant authors of the colonial period, foreign as wellas national. Includes biographical data. Arranged chronologically by centuries. See also Espinosa

Cordero’s Fuentes para la historia ecuatoriana (entry 117).

114. Espinosa Cordero, Nicolás (b. 1902). Catálogo de las obras antiguas, raras y curiosasque se hallan en la Biblioteca de Nicolás Espinosa Cordero . Cuenca: Imprenta delColegio Benigno Malo, 1934. 29 pp.24

115. Espinosa Cordero, Nicolás (b. 1902). Don Luis Cordero: ensayo bibliográfico, que se publica con motivo del primer centenario de su nacimiento. Cuenca: Impr. del Colegio Nacional “Benigo Malo,” 1933. 32 pp.

Cover title: Don Luis Cordero, 1833–1933. Organized chronologically. Luis Cordero

(1833–1912), the maternal grandfather of the author, was president of Ecuador (1892–1895), a poet, a pioneering student of Quichua, and the editor of the first daily newspaper in Cuenca, theCrónica diaria (1873).

116. Espinosa Cordero, Nicolás (b. 1902). Estudios literarios y bibliográficos. Cuenca: Impr.del Colegio Nacional “Benigno Malo,” 1934. 265 pp.

Contents: the previously published “Don Luis Cordero: ensayo bibliográfico, que se publica conmotivo del primer centenario de su nacimiento” (pp. [1]–32) (entry 115); “Juan Montalvo:semblanza lírica” (pp. [33]–56); “Inventario bibliográfico de la ciencia azuaya” (pp. [57]–91); andthe separately published “Bibliografía ecuatoriana: noticia de las obras literarios y científicas que

forman el caudal bibliográfico de la Real Audiencia de Quito, hoy República del Ecuador, con breves datos biográficos de sus autores. (1534–1809)” (pp. [93]–256) (entry 113).

The essay on Montalvo is not of any bibliographic interest. The “Inventario bibliográfico de laciencia azuaya” is broader in coverage than the title implies; it was to have been complemented by“Inventario bibliográfico de la literatura e historia azuayas.” Unfortunately, the latter was never published. It is also regrettable that Espinosa Cordero listed works only by title and year of publication in this bibliographic essay. Espinosa Cordero’s “Bibliografía ecuatoriana,” on theother hand, includes place of publication, format, and extent of the work. Again unfortunately, themore extensive work that Espinosa Cordero had in preparation on the bibliography of the colonial period, in which even the title pages of the works described were to have been reproduced, never appeared either. Nonetheless, his “Bibliografía ecuatoriana” remains exceptionally useful andfortunately was printed on paper of appreciably better quality than his compatriot Miguel AngelJaramillo’s also important Indice bibliográfico (see entry 174).

117. Espinosa Cordero, Nicolás (b. 1902). Fuentes para la historia ecuatoriana: primera parte, 1531–1809. Cuenca: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Azuay, 1952. 64 pp.



The only part published. A basic guide to published materials of and on the colonial period. N.B.Overlaps in coverage but does not supersede item 113.

118. Espinosa Pólit, Aurelio (1894–1961). Datos bibliográficos de Monseñor Manuel María Pólit Laso. Quito: Edit. “La Sociedad,” 1943. 50 pp.

Pólit Laso (1862–1932) was the tenth bishop of Cuenca and a major student of Gabriel GarcíaMoreno. See, for example: Escritos y discursos de Gabriel García Moreno, recopilados y publicados por la Sociedad de la Juventud Católica, prólogo de Juan León Mera. 2ª ed. aum. yanotada por Manuel María Pólit Laso. Quito: Tipografía y Encuadernación Nacionales, 1923. 2vols.

119. Estrella, Eduardo (1941–1996). Principales fuentes de la bibliografía médicaecuatoriana. Quito: Universidad Central del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas,1988. 67 pp.

A brief but exceptionally useful guide to medical and related bibliographies, literature,depositories, and periodicals. Annotated.

120. Estudios de la realidad ecuatoriana y de América Latina. Boletín bibliográfico.Guayaquil: Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Políticas, Universidad de Guayaquil,[1978]. 164 pp.

A bibliography of current affairs materials. Registers 847 titles. Organized by subjects.

121. Exposición del libro, organizada por el Ministerio de Educación Pública: bibliotecaecuatoriana que comprende los diez últimos años de publicaciones: indice por años y

autores. Quito: Talleres Gráficos de Educación, 1940. 77 pp.

Cover title: Exposición del libro ecuatoriano: diez años de publicaciones nacionales,1930–1940. Arranged by year, subject, and author. Reflects the acquisitions of the Biblioteca Nacional between and inclusive of 1930 and 1940. Indexed by year and by authors.

122. Exposición del periodismo ecuatoriano: contribución de la Biblioteca Nacional del Ecuador: síntesis de la Hemeroteca de la Biblioteca Nacional . Quito: Talleres Gráficosdel Ministerio de Educación,1941. 119 pp.

A detailed guide to the serial holdings of the National Library circa 1940. Divided into twosections, periodicals and newspapers, each of which is further subdivided by place of publication.

123. Exposición y feria anual del libro ecuatoriano: organizada con aprobación del M.I.Concejo Cantonal en su sesión de 28 de junio de 1932. Guayaquil: Imprenta y TalleresMunicipales, 1933. 56 pp.

At head of title: Biblioteca Municipal de Guayaquil.



124. Fauroux, Emmanuel. “Las fuentes impresas para el estudio histórico, político, económicoy social de la Provincia de Loja.” Cultura 5:15 (ene./abr. 1983): 371–435.

Introduces many little known materials, including theses, local newspapers, and periodical articles.Loja is the southernmost province of the highlands.

125. Fichas bibliográficas de la historia del Ecuador y del Azuay. 2 vols. Cuenca:Universidad de Cuenca, Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales IDIS, 1978.

Contents: vol. 1, Obras generales, precolonia, colonia, independencia y Gran Colombia (iii, 117leaves); vol. 2, República, estructura del Estado (Poder Ejecutivo), estructura del Estado (Poder Legislativo) (122 pp.).

Includes some local and regional publications not registered elsewhere. By “precolonia” is meantthe prehispanic period.

126. Fierro Benítez, Rodrigo (1930–), Jaime Breilh, and Eduardo Estrella (1941–1996).Catálogo del libro ecuatoriano de medicina: obras seleccionadas, siglo XVIII hasta1995. Quito: Academia Ecuatoriana de Medicina: Museo Nacional de Medicina: Centrode Estudios y Asesoría en Salud, 1995. 169 pp.

Describes 323 Ecuadorian authored medical books and Ecuadorian contributions to medicalanthologies published abroad (not always correctly or in full), printed between 1785 and 1995.Includes several monographs that appeared serially. Based on the holdings of the Banco deInformación Científica Médica Ecuatoriana, the Centro Nacional de Documentos CientíficosEcuatorianos, the Museo Nacional de Medicina, and the Centro de Estudios y Asesoría en Salud.Titles published between 1785 and 1984 (entries 27–104) are listed by year of appearance. Titles

published between 1985 and 1995 (entries 105–323) are grouped under “medicina social,”“clínica y cirugía,” “ciencias básicas naturales y biotecnología,” and “epistemología, metodología, pedagogía y lingüística,” and within groups by year of appearance. Entries 1–12 correspond tomedical works of Eugenio Espejo, and 13–26 to biographical studies of Espejo. Entries 1–12 arelisted in chronological order; entries 13–26 are listed by author; and entries 27–323 appear inchronological order as already noted and by title (not always in alphabetical order). Includes anauthor index of twentieth-century authors, broken down into national editions, original foreigneditions, and “traducciones en otros países de obras ecuatorianas.” The author index suffers fromerrors of omission. Also reproduces the covers, albeit only in black-and-white, of the majority of the works registered.

127. Fierro Benítez, Rodrigo (1930–), Jorge Revelo Rosero, and Flor María Hidalgo. Bibliografía científica ecuatoriana sobre las Islas Galápagos. 1a ed. ColecciónBibliografía científica ecuatoriana, no. 2. Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana “BenjamínCarrión,” Centro Nacional de Documentos Científicos Ecuatorianos, 1997. vi, 487 pp.

Comprehensive. Organized by subjects. Indexed by authors, subjects (including additional), andkeywords. Apparently copies of all of the materials listed were and hopefully still are to be found



in the Centro Nacional de Documentos Científicos Ecuatorianos.25

128. Fierro Benítez, Rodrigo (1930–), Magdalena de Carrera, and Jorge Revelo Rosero. Bibliografía científica médica ecuatoriana publicada en el exterior . ColecciónBibliografía científica ecuatoriana, no. 1. Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana “Benjamín

Carrión,” Centro Nacional de Documentos Científicos Ecuatorianos 1995. xxxv, 422 pp.

Registers 684 articles, contributions to anthologies, and books relating to medicine in Ecuador, published in other countries. Organized by authors. Indexed by authors, subjects, and keywords.Based on the holdings of the Centro Nacional de Documentos Científicos Ecuatorianos.

Items 126 and 128 supplement and partially update Madero Moreira and Parra Gil’s basic Indicede la bibliografía médica ecuatoriana (entry 207).

129. Fischer, Sabine (1957–). “Bibliografía sobre la industria ecuatoriana.” Revista ciencias sociales (Quito) 5:15/16 (1984): 263–273.

A bare bones listing. Arbitrarily organized under the following rubrics: “Estudios” (i.e., “Books);“Artículos”; “Estadísticas”; “Revistas, Boletines, Informes, etc.”; “Publicacionesfundamentales”—all of which in this case correspond to government plans and reforms;“Seminarios”; and “Otros.”

130. Freidenberg, Flavia, and Manuel Alcántara Sáez. Guía bibliográfica de partidos políticosen América Latina (1990–1999): Sección Ecuador . Latin American Studies AssociationSection on Ecuador, 2000. http://www.yachana.org/ecuatorianistas/

“La presente guía bibliográfica fue publicada junto a las referencias de otros 17 países

latinoamericanos como Working Paper Duke-University of North Carolina Program in LatinAmerican Studies Series Duke-UNCH # 31 (mayo 2000).” Attempts to be systematic andcomprehensive. Does not provide pagination for articles, contributions to anthologies, conference proceedings, and festschriften.

131. Freire Rubio, Edgar (1947–). “El autor y el libro ecuatorianos en 1992.” Crónica del río4/5 (sept. 1993): 93–101.

Superseded by vol. 3 of Desde el mostrador del librero (entry 132).

132. Freire Rubio, Edgar (1947–). Desde el mostrador del librero. 1ª ed. <3> v. Quito: Edit.Grijalbo Ecuatoriana, 1990–<1996>.

Vol. 1 subtitled Lo que el país editó desde junio de 1987 a julio de 1990, but includes inappendix “Lo que el Ecuador editó de agosto a diciembre de 1990.” Vol. 2 co-published byFundación Ecuatoriana de Estudios Sociales: Ediciones Abya-Yala. Vol. 3 subtitled Lo que el Ecuador editó desde enero de 1992 a diciembre de 1995, and published by Sistema Nacional deBibliotecas, Subsecretaría de Cultura, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura. Continues item 133.





133. Freire Rubio, Edgar (1947–). El libro nacional: ese desconocido: lo que el país editódesde enero de 1986 a junio de 1987 . Guayaquil: Edit. de la Universidad de Guayaquil,1987. 91 pp.

Items 133 and 132 (in that order) are month-by-month listing of national publications of books

and periodicals issued between Jan. 1986 and Dec. 1995, and, therefore, constitute a quasi-continuation of items 19, 33, and 108. Primarily useful as guides to what was being published.Items 132 and 133, however, do not include the majority of government documents issued in thesecond half of the 1980s and the first half of the 1990s. But they do include insightful andinformative articles on booksellers and the book trade in Ecuador, which were originally publishedin El Comercio, Hoy, and La Hora as were also the monthly lists of publications.

134. Fuentes Roldán, Alfredo. Bibliografía filatélica. El coleccionista ecuatoriano, 61. Quito:Asociación Filatélica Ecuatoriana, 1985. 58 pp.

Divided into four sections: “Ordinal,” “Cronológica,” “Alfabética”; and “Por materias.”

135. Gallegos Espinoza, Estuardo. Cronología biográfica y bibliográfica preliminar de Mons. Leónidas Proaño. Quito: CEDEP: Fondo Ecuatoriano Populorum Progressio, 1990. 42 pp.

A biobibliography of the late proactive bishop of Riobamba Leónidas E. Proaño Villalba(1910–1988).

136. Gangotena y Jijón, Cristóbal de (1994–1954). “Bibliografía del periodismo nacional:adiciones.” Boletín de la Biblioteca Nacional del Ecuador , n.s., 3 (mar./abr. 1926):173–176.

Supplements item 137. Registered 73 additional newspapers.

137. Gangotena y Jijón, Cristóbal de (1994–1954). “Ensayo de bibliografía del periodismo en elEcuador.” Boletín de la Biblioteca Nacional del Ecuador , n.s., 1 (dic. 1925): 46–86.

Items 137 and 136 (in that order) are organized chronologically. Pioneering essays that have longsince been superseded, especially by Ojeda (entry 231) and Rolando (entries 263–265).

138. Gondard, Pierre. Repertorio bibliográfico de los trabajos realizados con la participaciónde ORSTOM: Ecuador 1962–1986 = Répertoire bibliographique des travaux réalisésavec la participation de l’ORSTOM: Équateur 1962–1986 . Quito, Ecuador andMontellier, France: ORSTOM, 1986. 69 pp.

“Con la colaboración de los autores citados y de N. Finot, G. Vignard, J.O. Job, C. Reichenfeld yla participación de la DIVA y Dpto H.” Sometimes cited as: Ecuador 1962–1986: repertoriobibliográfico de los trabajos realizados con la participación de ORSTOM = Équateur 1962–1986: répertoire bibliographique des travaux réalises avec la participation de



l’ORSTOM .26

ORSTOM, now the Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo, was especially active ingeographic and cartographic work and research.

139. González Suárez, Federico (1844–1917). “Bibliografía ecuatoriana: la imprenta en elEcuador durante el tiempo de la colonia.” Anales de la Universidad de Quito 7:48 (jul.1892): 269–279.

Registered five Ambato and 24 Quito imprints. Includes pseudo facsimiles of title pages with falseline stops. This is because González Suárez deliberately planted traps for copycats and plagiarists.Also published as a separate: Bibliografía ecuatoriana: la imprenta en el Ecuador en tiempo dela colonia (Quito: Impr. de la Universidad, 1892; 36 pp. And in Revista ecuatoriana 4:43 (jul.1892): 265–279. Superseded by Stols (entry 267).

140. Graham, Ann. Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru. Selected References Sources, University of Texas

at Austin. General Libraries, no. 33. Austin: University of Texas at Austin, GeneralLibraries, 1978. 26 pp.

Useful when compiled, but nowadays an indicator of how little used to be available on Ecuador inthe United States, even after the Castro revolution, including at an university with a major LatinAmerican collection.

141. Grijalva Cobo, Adriana, and Samuel Guerra Bravo (1947–). “Bibliografía sobre VicenteRocafuerte.” Cultura 6:16 (mayo/ago. 1983): 417–430.

Vicente Rocafuerte was the second president of the country (1835–1839) and the governor of

Guayaquil during the yellow fever epidemic of 1842. His published writings, but not every editionor translation thereof, have been republished as Colección Rocafuerte, prólogo y notas de NeptalíZúñiga, 16 vols. (Quito: Talleres Gráficos Nacionales, 1947) and reprinted as Vicente Rocafuerte, prólogo y notas de Neptalí Zúñiga, 16 vols. in 4. (Quito: Corporación de Estudios yPublicaciones, 1983).

142. Guerrero, Jorge. Catálogo de la exposición del libro ecuatoriano. Caracas: EstadosUnidos de Venezuela, Ministerio de Educación Nacional, Dirección de Cultura, 1942. 21 pp.27

Presented for the Sindicato de Escritores y Artistas and the Sociedad Jurídico Literaria of Ecuador.

143. Guerrero Blum, Edwing. Sociedades ecuatorianas de escritores y artistas. 1ª ed. Quito:P.H. Ediciones, 2001. 173 pp.

A history of literary and artistic societies in the country from the Sociedad Patriótica de Amigosdel País de Quito (1791–1793) through the Pedrada Zurda (1978–1998). Includes considerable



bibliographic data on their publications, especially their journals.

144. Guevara, Dario C. (1905–1976). “Plan de un índice bibliográfico del folkloreecuatoriano.” Museo histórico 6:20 (jun. 1954): 79–109.

A classified, bare bones listing of approximately 250 books and articles.28

145. Guía bibliográfica de geografía física del Ecuador , [compiled by the] PontificiaUniversidad Católica del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento deCiencias Geográficas. Quito: Ediciones de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador,1990. 73 pp.

Annotates articles, books, and reports published in the 1970s and 1980s. Broader in coveragethan the title implies. Includes an author index and an index by provinces.

146. Guzmán C., José H. Tecnología agropecuaria del Ecuador . Cuenca: Gráficas Hernández

Cía. Ltda., 1988. 343 pp.

An idiosyncratic bibliography of materials on Ecuadorian agriculture, based largely on Guzman’sown holdings. Includes many unpublished studies and sources.

147. Hamerly, Michael T. (1940–). “El antiguo Rejistro Municipal (¿1835?–1861) deGuayaquil.” Revista del Archivo Histórico del Guayas 4:7 (jun. 1975): 64–70a. [sic]

Includes an issue by issue list.

148. Hamerly, Michael T. (1940–). Bibliography of Ecuadorian Bibliographies, 1881–2000.

Bibliography and reference series; 48. Austin, Texas: Secretariat, Seminar on theAcquisition of Latin American Library Materials, Benson Latin American Collection,University of Texas at Austin, 2001. xi, 61 pp.

Lists 252 bibliographies. Annotated. Includes a preliminary discussion of bibliographical andrelated developments in the country.

149. Hamerly, Michael T. (1940–). “La demografía histórica del Ecuador, Perú y Bolivia: una bibliografía preliminar.” Revista del Archivo Histórico del Guayas 3:6 (dic. 1974): 24–63.

Includes published sources as well as secondary studies.

150. Hamerly, Michael T. (1940–). Historical Bibliography of Ecuador . 4 vols. LatinAmerican Studies Association Section on Ecuador, 2000–2003.http://www.yachana.org/ecuatorianistas/

Covers materials published through 1995. Consists of 8,814 entries. Annotated with author andseries indexes. Broader in scope than the title implies because it also describes and discusses other





published materials in the humanities and social sciences inasmuch as everything is grist to thehistorian’s mill in the fullness of time. In this regard it should be noted that “historical” is used inreference to the discipline. Therefore, this is an “enumerative” or “systematic” bibliography of historical and related studies and published sources, not a chronological account of ecuatoriana.

151. Hampe Martínez, Teodoro (1960–). “Sumaria bibliografía sobre los cronistas del Perú.” Boletín de la Biblioteca Nacional (Lima) 40:93/94 (1985): 5–57.

Reviews and lists the original and in the author’s opinion the most important modern editions of the chronicles of the Spanish conquest of the Tahuantinsuyu, and of the subsequent civil wars between the conquistadores.

152. Handelsman, Michael H. (1948–). El modernismo en las revistas literarias del Ecuador,1895–1930: ensayo preliminar y bibliografía. Cuenca: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Azuay, 1981. 132 pp.

Primarily a bibliography (pp. 37–127). Based on holdings of the Biblioteca de Autores Nacionales“Carlos A. Rolando,” housed in the Biblioteca Municipal of Guayaquil. Describes and discusses periodicals published in Guayaquil, Quito, Cuenca, and Loja between 1895 and 1930, inclusive, inchronological order. Specifies the issues to be found in the Rolando Library and the national and“foreign” authors who published there within.

153. Hart, George C. (1945–). A Bibliography and Subject Index to the Ecuadorian Laws inthe Indiana University Libraries, Government Publications. Latin American StudiesWorking Papers. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1975. 80 pp.

Indexed. Sometimes cited by its cover title: A Collection of Ecuadorian Laws at Indiana

University.

154. Heredía, José Félix (1881–1954). Notas bio-bibliográficas acerca del R.P. Manuel José Proaño, S.J.: contribución al primer centenario de su nacimiento, 1835–1935. Quito:“La Prensa Católica”-Editorial Ecuatoriana, 1935. 211, cxxxiv pp.

A detailed biobibliography of the Jesuit Manuel José Proaño (1835–1918), a major orator andeducator of the nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. Pages 13–167 list and analyze his publications in chronological order, and pages i–cxxxiv consist of selections from his oeuvre.

155. Herrera, Gioconda. Bibliografía sobre estudios de la mujer y el género en el Ecuador .Latin American Studies Association Section on Ecuador, 2000.http://www.yachana.org/ecuatorianistas/

Not annotated or explicated. Divided into the following sections: “Historia,” “Estudios sociales,”“Desarrollo rural - etnicidad” [sic], and “Estudios culturales.” See also entry 273.

156. Hocquenghem, Anne Marie, [y] Zaida Lanning, con la colaboración de Pierre Gondard,





Contribución al conocimiento de una zona de encuentro entre los Andes ecuatorianos y peruanos. Paris: CNRS, Centro Nacional de Investigación Científica, ProgramaInternacional de Cooperación Científica 125; Lima: IFEA, Instituto Francés de EstudiosAndinos: IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le développement, 1999. 76 pp.

A bibliography of materials on the Ecuadorian Provinces of El Oro, Loja, Zamora-Chinchipe, andMorona-Santiago, and the neighboring departments and provinces of northern Peru. Pp. 7–14summarize French research on southern Ecuador and northern Peru, pp. 19–20 list bibliographiesand reports of French research on the two areas; pp. 23–50, French sponsored social scientificstudies on southern Ecuador; and pp. 53–76, French sponsored social scientific studies onnorthern Peru. Works on both areas or parts of both areas are listed under the country in whichthey were published.

157. Hofstede, Robert Gerardus Maria. Geografía, ecología y forestación de la sierra alta del Ecuador: revisión de literatura. Quito: Ediciones Abya-Yala, 1998. 242 pp.

Reviews and evaluates the literature on the páramos, mountain ranges, and peaks of the country.

158. Holm, Olaf (1915–1996). “Bibliografía antropológica ecuatoriana.” Cuadernos de historia y arqueología 42 (1975): 379–406; 44 (ene. 1982): 131–153.

Continues Holm’s “Bibliografía ecuatoriana” (item 162). Continued by “Bibliografíaantropológica ecuatoriana” (item 159). See also comment under item 160.

159. Holm, Olaf (1915–1996). “Bibliografía antropológica ecuatoriana.” Misceláneaantropológica ecuatoriana 1:1 (1981): 174–186; 4:4 (1984): 161–172; 5:5 (1985):219–237; 7:7 (1987): 183–189.

Includes what appears to be the final instalment in this series. “Updates,” compiled before Holm’sdemise, however, might appear in future issues of Miscelánea antropológica ecuatoriana shouldthis annual be revived retroactively as sometimes happens. The last published issue of Misceláneaantropológica ecuatoriana was 7:7. Continues “Bibliografía antropológica ecuatoriana” (item158).

160. Holm, Olaf (1915–1996). “Bibliografía antropológica y miscelánea.” Cuadernos dehistoria y arqueología 17:33 (1967/1968): 285–306.

Supplemented and updated Carlos Manuel Larrea’s Bibliografía científica del Ecuador:antropología, etnografía, arqueología, prehistoria, lingüística, 3ª ed. (entry 156). The first in theseries. This is a confusing set because the title thereof varied considerably. As worked out byHolm (shortly before his death in 1996) and Hamerly, the order of publication and coverage is160, 163, 161, 162, 158, and 159, respectively. Continued by Holm’s “Bibliografía” (item 163).

161. Holm, Olaf (1915–1996). “Bibliografía de autores nacionales y extranjeros, relacionadacon temas antropológicos ecuatorianos.” Cuadernos de historia y arqueología 21:38



(1971): 233–261; 22:39 (1972): 234–260; 23:40 (1973): 203–232.

Continues Holm’s “Bibliografía” (item 163). Continued by Holm’s “Bibliografía ecuatoriana”(item 162).

162. Holm, Olaf (1915–1996). “Bibliografía ecuatoriana: sobre temas históricos yantropológicos ecuatorianas reunidos hasta el año 1974.” Cuadernos de historia yarqueología 24:41 (1974): 185–209.

Continues Holm’s “Bibliografía de autores nacionales y extranjeros” (item 161). Continued byHolm’s “Bibliografía antropológica ecuatoriana” (item 158).

163. Holm, Olaf (1915–1996). “Bibliografía: publicaciones sobre temas antropológicos delEcuador o relacionadas con las investigaciones ecuatorianas.” Cuadernos de historia yarqueología 18:34/35 (1968): 240–251.

Continues Holm’s “Bibliografía antropológica y miscelánea”(item 160). Continued by Holm’s“Bibliografía de autores nacionales y extranjeros” (item 161).

As already noted, items 158–163 constitute a set, for an explanation of which see comment under entry 160.

164. Huerta Rendón, Francisco (1908–1970). “Bibliografía onomástica sobre la arqueología deEsmeraldas, especialmente de La Tolita,” Boletín de informaciones científicas nacionales,2:7 (mar. 1949): 58–63.

Superseded by item six.

165. Hurtig, Janisse. Social Transformations of Gender in Andean South America: A Working Annotated Bibliography. CSST Working Paper, #17. Ann Arbor: Program on theComparative Study of Social Transformations, University of Michigan, 1988. [4], 24 pp.

May safely be ignored by ecuatorianistas. Includes only two items concerning or relating toEcuador.

166. Ibarra, Hernán. Ecuador, bibliografía analítica agraria, 1900–1982. Quito: EdicionesCIESE, con el auspicio de ILDIS, 1982. 419 pp.

Lists 960 items. The topics covered are: agrarian history; reform and legislation; local history;statistics; ethnic questions; haciendas; worker organizations; credit; agrobusinesses; migration,rural labor, and salaries. Annotated and indexed by holding library, author, and subject.

167. Indice de tesis universitarias sobre temas económicos, 1900–1984, Julio Oleas Montalvo[et al.]. Fuentes para la historia económica del Ecuador. Serie Indices de documentación,II. Quito: Banco Central del Ecuador, 1989. 409 pp.



A guide to theses, some of which are of importance for research on economic history as well asmore recent economic topics, done at Ecuadorian universities. Indexed by author, subject, and place studied.

168. Inventario de estadísticas demográficas y socioeconómicas de la República del Ecuador .

Quito: Junta Nacional de Planificación y Coordinación Económica, 1974. 57 pp.

A guide to statistics, including published compendia, available as of mid–1974.

169. Isbell, Billie Jean, and Jean-Jacques Decoster. The Andean World: Bibliography/Source Book . Ithaca, N.Y.: Latin American Studies Program, Cornell University, 1991. 57 pp.

Primarily a guide to readily available materials in English and in Spanish at major universities inthe United States on the geography, archaeology, ethnohistory, and ethnography of the centralAndean countries. “Compiled for the NEH Summer Institute: The Andean World held at CornellUniversity in the summer of 1990 . . .” Coverage of Ecuadorian materials is limited. Some entries

are annotated.

170. Itzstein, Gertraud, and Heiko Prumers. Einführende Bibliographie zur Archäologie Ecuador = Bibliografía básica sobre la arqueología del Ecuador . Bonn: Seminar für Völkerkunde der Universität Bonn, 1981. 110 pp.

In German and Spanish. Lists nearly 1,200 studies of the prehispanic period published between1900 and 1980.

171. Jaramillo, Miguel Angel (1874–1953). “Bibliografía de Honorato Vázquez.” Revista del Centro de Estudios Históricos y Geográficos de Cuenca 19 (jun. 1931): 290–309.

Describes and annotates the books and pamphlets Vázquez published between 1876 and 1923, inchronological order. Excerpted from the then yet to be published Indice bibliográfico de la Biblioteca “Jaramillo” de Escritos Nacionales (entry 175).

172. Jaramillo, Miguel Angel (1874–1953). “Bibliografía quiteña.” Gaceta municipal (Quito)19:79 (oct./dic. 1934): 7–29.

A chronological review, century by century, a grosso modo, of quiteños who contributed to thenational bibliographic repertoire. Lacks imprint and collation data.

173. Jaramillo, Miguel Angel (1874–1953). Ensayo de bibliografía nacional . Cuenca: Tip.Municipal, 1925. 43 pp.

An alphabetical list of national authors and their works.

174. Jaramillo, Miguel Angel (1874–1953). Exposición del libro azuayo: indice bibliográfico.Cuenca: Impr. de la Universidad, 1939. xiv, 142 pp.



Organized by subjects and authors. Also published in Revista del Centro de Estudios Históricos yGeográficos de Cuenca 33/34 (1939/1940): 80–230.

175. Jaramillo, Miguel Angel (1874–1953). Indice bibliográfico de la Biblioteca “Jaramillo”de Escritos Nacionales. Cuenca: Impr. de la Universidad, 1932. ii, 355 pp.

Limited to separates. Organized by author and date of publication. Provides full descriptions andincludes content notes and summaries of approximately 2,000 national imprints in the author’scollection. See also comment under entry 176.

176. Jaramillo, Miguel Angel (1874–1953). Indice bibliográfico de las revistas de la Biblioteca “Jaramillo” de Escritos Nacionales. Cuenca: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Azuay, 1953. 180 pp.

A detailed, issue by issue account. Also published as t. V, no. 7 of the Revista del Núcleo del Azuay de la Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana. Constituted the “tomo segundo” of what were

supposed to have been four volumes of indices of the Jaramillo Collection. Vols. three and four,which never appeared, were to have been given over to “miscelánea general” and “distintasmisceláneas.”

Items 175 and 176 are annotated catalogs of books by national authors and of national periodicalsin the Jaramillo collection, now in the Biblioteca de la Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo delAzuay. Both catalogs are treasure t roves of biographical as well as bibliographic data.

177. Johnson, James B., and Kenneth Janda. Bibliography on Party Politics in Ecuador,1950–1962. ICPP Bibliography Series, no. 3.1. 1st ed. Evanston, Ill.: NorthwesternUniversity International Comparative Political Parties Project, 1968. iv, 15 pp.

Comprehensive for the years covered.

178. Junta de Acuerdo de Cartagena. Biblioteca. Bibliografía económica de los paísesmiembros. 2 vols. Lima: Junta de Acuerdo de Cartagena, Biblioteca, 1979–1980.

Contents: Vol. 1: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador ; Vol. 2: Peru, Venezuela, Subregión andina.

A selection of materials in the Library of the Junta de Acuerdo de Cartagena on economicconditions in the member countries of the Andean Group. Includes 458 entries on Ecuador (vol.1, pp. 201–288), mostly “recent” in publication and coverage. Indexed by personal authors andcorporate bodies.

179. Larrea, Carlos Manuel (1887–1983). El Archipiélago de Colón (Galápagos):descubrimiento, exploraciones científicas y bibliografía de las islas. 2ª ed. Quito: Casade la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1960. 423 pp.

Originally published by the Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana in 1958 (424 pp.). A reprint except for



the added illustrations. The bibliographic section (pp. 263–379) lists 746 publications by author.Arranged alphabetically. Includes and incorporates Larrea’s previous articles and other studies onthe Galápagos.

180. Larrea, Carlos Manuel (1887–1983). Bibliografía científica del Ecuador . 5 vols. (1196

pp.) Quito: Edit. Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1948–1953.29

Contents: ch. 1 (vol. 1), “Geografía, descripciones generales, viajes, datos estadísticos”; 2ª pt.(vol. 2), “Geología, petrografía, mineralogía, paleontología, vulcanología,” pt. 3ª (vol. 2),“Botánica y zoología”; pt. 4ª (vol. 3), “Antropología, etnografía, arqueología, lingüística, folklore, prehistoria, historia antigua”; pt. 5ª (vol. 4), “Historia general, historia de la cultura, historiaeclesiástica, cuestiones políticas, etc.”; pt. 6ª (vol. 4), “Bibliografía de bibliografías.” Vol. 5, Apendice e indices, consists of appendices to pts. 1–5, and indexes to pts. 1,4, and 5.

Vols. 1–4 register 8,723 items and covered imprints through 1946. Vol. 5, however, added 1,077items, bringing the total number of entries to 9,800, and advanced coverage through 1950.

Indexed by subjects and geographic areas. The indexes to pts. 1 and 4 were prepared by JuanLarrea Holguín, and to pt. 5 by Carlos Manuel Larrea. Pts. 2, 3, and 6 are not indexed. Pt. 6 lists108 bibliographies (entries 8616–8723).

181. Larrea, Carlos Manuel (1887–1983). Bibliografía científica del Ecuador . 2ª ed. Madrid:Ediciones Cultura Hispánica, 1952. 492 pp.

Registers 9,300 items. Advanced coverage through 1949. Not indexed.

182. Larrea, Carlos Manuel (1887–1983). Bibliografía científica del Ecuador: antropología,etnografía, arqueología, prehistoria, lingüística. 3ª ed. Quito: Corporación de Estudios y

Publicaciones, 1968. 289 pp.

Nominally vol. 1, but no more were issued. Covers anthropological and related publicationsthrough 1966. Registers 2,235 items. Indexed by subjects. An autodidact, Larrea became anincreasingly competent bibliographer over time. Whereas the first two editions of his monumental Bibliografía científica did not specify publisher or pagination (omissions of which he was aware),this edition does.

183. Larrea, Carlos Manuel (1887–1983). “Bibliografía de Cristóbal de Gangotena y Jijón.” Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia 34:83 (ene./jun. 1954): 122–127.

A comprehensive listing of Gangotena y Jijón’s publications, of which there appear to have been72 altogether. Gangotena y Jijón (1884–1954) specialized in genealogy, on which he was anauthority. His genealogical studies are detailed and reliable; they were based on considerableoriginal research in appropriate repositories and his own private collection, rich in manuscriptoriginals and coeval copies.

184. Larrea, Carlos Manuel (1887–1983). “Bibliografía de Gabriel García Moreno: en el



centenario de su asesinato, 1875–1975.” Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia58:125 (ene./jun. 1975): 130–150.

Organized by authors, including the ubiquitous “anónimo.” García Moreno (1821–1875), whodominated the political scene between 1860 and 1875, during the course of which he occupied the

presidency twice, is one of the most controversial figures in the national period history andhistoriography of Ecuador.

Also published as a separate: Quito: Corporación de Estudios y Publicaciones, 1975. 43 pp. Andreprinted as “Bibliografía de y sobre Gabriel García Moreno,” Bibliografía ecuatoriana No. 7(1976): 80–95.

185. Larrea, Carlos Manuel (1887–1983). “Bibliografía histórica ecuatoriana: publicacioneshechas en 1953.” Museo Histórico 6:20 (jun. 1954): 56–73.

Lists 68 items. Annotated. Also published in Boletín de informaciones científicas nacionales,

6:60 (mayo/abr. 1954): 609–632.

186. Larrea, Carlos Manuel (1887–1983). Las biografías de Santa Mariana de Jesús. Quito:Corporación de Estudios y Publicaciones, 1970. 172 pp.

Describes and analyzes biographies and hagiographies of the “Azucena de Quito” (chapters six,seven, and eight) and lists 252 related studies in chapter nine, “Bibliografía acerca de SantaMariana de Jesús” (pp. 133–172). Includes a summary of the life of the saint (chapters one, two,three, and four) and a chapter (five) on “Fuentes para las biografías de Mariana de Jesús: los procesos.”

187. Larrea, Carlos Manuel (1887–1983). “Dos incunables ecuatorianos y algunos rarísimosimpresos coloniales en Lima.” Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia 27:69(ene./jun. 1947): 91–95.

Added a previously unknown 1759 Ambato imprint to the registry.

188. Larrea, Carlos Manuel (1887–1983). “Más incunables americanos y otros seis impresoscoloniales en Lima.” Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia 27:70 (jul./dic. 1947):297–305.

Added a 1757 Ambato and eleven early Quito imprints to the registry.

189. Larrea, Carlos Manuel (1887–1983). Las principales publicaciones de Jacinto Jijón yCaamaño sobre la historia ecuatoriana: reseña cronológica y crítica. Quito: EditorialBenalcázar, 1977. xiii, 166 pp.

An evaluative as well as enumerative bibliography. Jijón y Caamaño (1890–1950) was a major archaeologist and historian and a leading member of the Conservative Party.



190. Larrea Holguín, Juan (1927–). Bibliografía jurídica del Ecuador . Ed. provisional. Quito:J. Larrea Holguín, 1969.

Registers 1,126 items. Organized by authors. Superseded by item 191.

191. Larrea Holguín, Juan (1927–). Bibliografía jurídica del Ecuador . [1ª ed.] Quito: Casa dela Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1970. 178 pp.

Registers 2,153 items. Organized by authors. Indexed by subjects. Superseded by item 192.

192. Larrea Holguín, Juan (1927–). Bibliografía jurídica del Ecuador . 2ª ed. Quito:Corporación de Estudios y Publicaciones, 1974. 321 pp.

Registers 4,040 items. Organized by authors. Indexed by subjects. Superseded by item 193.

193. Larrea Holguín, Juan (1927–). Bibliografía jurídica del Ecuador . 3ª ed. Guayaquil:

EDINO, 1993. 634 pp.

Registers 6,319 items. Thematically organized. Indexed by subjects.

194. Lasso, Sergio, and Cristina Borja. Bibliografía básica sobre los principales problemasambientales del Ecuador . Quito: Fundación Natura, 1990. 151 pp.30

195. Lavallé, Bernard. Bibliografía francesa sobre el Ecuador (1968–1993): cienciashumanas, sociales y de la tierra. Quito: Corporación Editora Nacional; [Paris]: Maisondes pays ibériques, 1995. 156 pp.

Registers 1,479 works published in France on Ecuador in the humanities, the social sciences, andthe natural sciences between and inclusive of 1968 and 1993.31 Indexed.

196. Ledergerber C., Paulina. “Tesis en antropología ecuatoriana aprobadas por universidadesdel Canadá y Estados Unidos.” Miscelánea antropológica ecuatoriana 3:3 (1983):213–217; 6:6 (1986): 189–191.

A useful but incomplete listing.

197. León, Luis A. (b. 1903). “Bibliografía nacional y extranjera sobre el indio ecuatoriano.” InCuestiones indígenas del Ecuador (Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1946),263–302.

Registers 571 items.

198. León, Luis A. (b. 1903). “Bibliografía sobre enfermedad de Chagas en el Ecuador.” InCarlos Chagas (1879–1934) y la tripanosomiasis americana (Quito: Casa de la CulturaEcuatoriana, Sección Ciencias Biológicas, 1980), 63–71.32



199. Libros del Ecuador . Quito: Cámara Ecuatoriana del Libro, 1983. 41 pp.33

200. Libros i bibliotecas: revista trimestral de biblioteconomía: órgano de la Biblioteca de Autores Nacionales “Carlos A. Rolando.” Año I, nº 1 (mar. de 1939)–año III, nº 8 (no.de 1947). 8 nos. Guayaquil: Imp. y Talleres Municipales, 1939–1948.

In addition to new and recent acquisitions of the Rolando Library, Libros i bibliotecas featuredseveral specialized bibliographies (e.g., entries 267 and 268).

201. Listado parcial de la bibliografía social, socio-económica y política del Ecuador: sección obras generales y sección histórica, versión preliminar . Quito: Junta Nacional dePlanificación y Coordinación Económica, 1972. 147 pp.

Consists of preliminary versions of the “General Works” and “Historical” sections of item 35.

202. Luzuriaga, Gerardo A. (1939–). “Bibliografía del teatro ecuatoriano.” Cultura 5:13

(mayo/ago. 1982): 227–232.

A preview, as it were, of item 203.

203. Luzuriaga, Gerardo A. (1939–). Bibliografía del teatro ecuatoriano, 1900–1982. Quito:Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1984. 131 pp.

A comprehensive and as of July 2002, the only bibliography of the Ecuadorian theatre, except for its “preview” (item 202). Divided into three sections: reference works, plays, and criticism andinterpretation.

204. Luzuriaga C., Carlos, and Clarence Zuvekas, Jr. An Annotated Bibliography of Income, Income Distribution, and Levels of Living in Rural Ecuador . Washington, DC: RuralDevelopment Division, Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean, Agency for International Development, 1979. x, 97 pp.

A preliminary version of item 205.

205. Luzuriaga C., Carlos, and Clarence Zuvekas, Jr. Income Distribution and Poverty in Rural Ecuador, 1950–1979: A Survey of the Literature. Tempe: Center for LatinAmerican Studies, Arizona State University, 1983. xiii, 238 pp.

Surveys and “reviews and interprets the literature on income distribution and levels of living inrural Ecuador since 1950” (p. xiii). Constitutes a major portrait, therefore, of socioeconomicconditions as well as an analysis of the corresponding literature, including some governmentdocuments. See especially chap. 6, “Case Studies” (pp. 99–164). Not indexed.

206. Madera, Luis F. Periódicos ibarreños. Ibarra: Tip. El Comercio, 1927. 34 pp.



A guide to the nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century newspapers of Ibarra, the capital of theProvince of Imbabura, in the northern highlands.

207. Madero Moreira, Mauro (d. 1973); and Francisco Parra Gil. Indice de la bibliografíamédica ecuatoriana. Guayaquil: Edit. del Núcleo del Guayas de la Casa de la Cultura

Ecuatoriana, 1971. xxvi, 493 pp.

A comprehensive bibliography of medical materials. Indispensable for research on history of medicine and related topics. Lists 6,663 articles published between 1883 and 1968, by subject andauthor, and approximately 1,500 books published between 1785 and 1968, by author.

208. Maiguashca, Juan. “Bibliografía selectiva de historia económica del Ecuador: dividida enépocas y área temáticas, desde 1521 hasta 1910.” In Historia económica en América Latina. 1ª ed. 2 vols. (México: SepSetentas, 1972), 2: 197–213

For a discussion of some of the materials Maiguashca lists, see his “Breves apuntes sobre la

historia económica en el Ecuador,” also published in Historia económica en América Latina, 1:142–162.

209. Márquez Tapia, Ricardo (1886–1970). Autobibliografía del Sr. Dr. Ricardo MárquezTapia. Quito: Tall. Gráf. Nacionales, 1967. 137 pp.

An inventory of the writings, including unpublished, of the prolific Márquez Tapia, a physicianturned historian, and of his father Ezequiel Márquez (1852–1938), also a self- taught historian.

210. Márquez Tapia, Ricardo (1886–1970). “Bibliografía ecuatoriana: bosquejo preliminar.” Revista del Centro de Estudios Históricos y Geográficos de Cuenca, 1 (ene. de 1921):

280–287.

Nominally the introduction to what was supposed to have been a survey of national imprints, butnot in fact continued. Constitutes a brief sketch of the history of the press, especially in SpanishAmerica, during the colonial period.

211. Matamoros Jara, Carlos (1872–1938). “Periódicos publicados en Guayaquil: númerosexistentes en la Biblioteca Municipal de Guayaquil.” Revista municipal (Guayaquil),8:15/17 (mar./mayo 1933): 23–24; 8:18 (jun. 1933): 2.

The subtitle of this elusive article is sometimes given as “Primera parte, 1822–1900,” and other times as “(de 1822 á 1885).”34 Compiled while Matamoros was director of the Municipal Library(1932–1934).

Included for the sake of bibliographic completeness. Considerably more information appears inDestruge (entries 100–101) and in Gómez Iturralde’s Los periódicos guayaquileños (for the fullcitation to which see p. 16 above). Gómez Iturralde specifies holdings of the nineteenth- andtwentieth-century newspapers of the port city, sometimes in considerable detail, of the Municipal



Library, of the Rolando Collection, and of the Biblioteca de Autores Ecuatorianos “AurelioEspinosa Pólit.”

212. Maxwell, Michael B. Bibliografía del Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en el Ecuador 1950–1980. 1ª ed. Quito: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, 1980. 67 pp.

Indispensable inasmuch as the majority of studies of indigenous languages of Ecuador, especiallyof the ethnic groups of the Oriente, were undertaken or sponsored by the Summer Institute of Linguistics.35

213. Maxwell, Michael B. Bibliografía del Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en el Ecuador 1950–1980: con suplemento 1981–1985. 2ª ed. Quito: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano,1985. 67, 12 pp.

Updates item 212.36

214. Medina, Galo, and Esteban Suárez. Listado bibliográfico sobre los páramos del Ecuador .Boletines bibliográficos sobre la biodiversidad del Ecuador, 1. Quito: EcoCiencia, 1999.iii, 49 pp.

Registers 284 items. Indexed by key words.

215. Medina, José Toribio (1852–1930). La imprenta en en [sic] Quito (1760–1818): notasbibliográficas. Santiago de Chile: Impr. Elzeviriana, 1904. 86 pp.

Registers 43 items. Reprinted: Amsterdam: N. Israel, 1964. Superseded by Stols (entry 288).

216. Medina, José Toribio (1852–1930). Noticias bibliográficas, referentes a las primeras producciones de la imprenta en algunas ciudades de la América Española: (Ambato, Angostura, Curazao, Guayaquil, etc.). Santiago de Chile: Impr. Elzeviriana, 1904. xii,116 pp.

Registers six Ambato titles and two putative Guayaquil items, the first of which, as Medinasuspected, was in fact printed elsewhere. Reprinted: Amsterdam: N. Israel, 1964. Superseded for Ambato by Stols (entry 288) and for Guayaquil by Castillo (entries 71 and 72).

217. Mesa, Rosa Quintero (1923–1997). Ecuador . Latin American Serial Documents, vol. 8.Ann Arbor: Xerox University Microfilms, 1973. xxxii, 142 pp.

An indispensable, comprehensive guide to official and government published serials of Ecuador and a quasi-union list of North American library holdings thereof. It cannot be overemphasizedthat only a few of the titles uncovered by Mesa appear in the Union List of Serials, regardless of edition, and its various supplements.

218. Miller, E. Willard (Eugene Willard) (1915–), and Ruby M. Miller. The Third World:



Chile, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador: a Bibliography. Monticello, Ill.: Vance Bibliographies,1990. 33 pp.

Very general. Useful only for beginning researchers and casual readers.

219. Miño, Wilson. La comercialización agropecuaria en el Ecuador: guía bibliográficacomentada. Quito: FLASCO: ILDIS, 1986. 96 pp.

Annotates 110 works on commercial agriculture published between 1975 and 1986. Indexed.

220. Miras, Claude de, Gustavo Rodríguez, and Roberto Roggiero. Bibliografía comentada sobre el sector informal urbano. Guayaquil futuro. 1ª ed. Quito: CEDIME: ORSTOM:ILDIS, 1992. 179 pp.

Consists of 498 entries, 361 of which correspond to Ecuadorian materials. Includes publicationson the informal sector of urban economies. Indexed by author and subject.

221. Miyata, Kenneth. A Check List of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Ecuador, with a Bibliography of Ecuadorian Herpetology. Smithsonian Herpetological InformationService, no. 54. Washington, DC: Division of Reptiles and Amphibians, National Museumof Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 1982. 70 pp.37

222. Muñoz, Bonifacio. Obras de autores ecuatorianos: catálogo especial de la LibreríaSucre de Bonifacio Muñoz Hnos., dedicado al pueblo de Guayaquil en su centenario...Quito: Tipografía y Encuadernación Salesianas, 1920. 144 pp.

The most important of several catalogs of ecuatoriana issued by the Muñoz brothers (Bonifacio

and Leonardo J.), who were major collectors of ecuatoriana as well as booksellers during most of the twentieth century.38 The Librería Sucre was established in 1907. Unfortunately, Bonifacio’sattempt to convert it into a lending library resulted in its eventual bankruptcy, in the early 1920s.Some of Bonifacio’s holdings were acquired for Duke University Library by John Tate Lanning inthe early 1940s.

Leonardo Muñoz is reputed to have amassed an exceptionally replete collection of ecuatoriana.Before his demise in 1987, he tried to sell it to the Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana at a fraction of its true value, but budget restrictions precluded its acquisition. No one seems to know whathappened to Leonardo’s collection after his death.39

223. Muñoz, Leonardo J. (1898–1987). Hojas volantes que se han publicado en las diversas provincias del Ecuador, 1790–1920. Quito: Impr. del Ministerio del Gobierno, 1941. 16 pp.

Apparently the only bibliography yet compiled of fliers, including broadsides, printed in Ecuador.Published in conjunction with the 1941 Exposición del periodismo ecuatoriano (entry 122).



224. Muñoz Chávez, Ricardo. Bibliografía jurídica del Azuay. Cuenca: Banco Central delEcuador, Centro de Investigación y Cultura, 1991. 380 pp.

Although Muñoz Chávez was the principal compiler of this bibliography, he was assisted to aconsiderable extent by Rodrigo Abad Gómez, Juan Cordero Iñiguez, and Diego Mora Castro.

Describes 2,680 books and articles, licentiate and doctoral theses. Includes an introductory studyon lawyers and legal societies in Cuenca. Indexed by subject.

225. Naranjo, Plutarco (1921–), and Carlos A. Rolando (1881–1969). Juan Montalvo, estudiobibliográfico. 2 vols. Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1966.

Vol. 1 is an analysis of Los escritos de Montalvo; vol. 2, Bibliografía montalvina, lists publications of and on Montalvo in chronological order through early 1966. Indexed. N.B. Naranjo incorporated and expanded upon Rolando’s Don Juan Montalvo, 1832–1932 (entry266). Hence, the inclusion of Rolando’s name in the statement of responsibility. Montalvo(1832–1889) was a staunch opponent of García Moreno and one of the most important literary

figures of Spanish America at large, not just of Ecuador, in the nineteenth century.

226. Navas C., Bolívar, and Armando Cardozo. Bibliografía ecuatoriana de ciencias socialesaplicadas a la vida rural, la reforma agraria y colonización. Quito: IICA [InstitutoInteramericano de Ciencias Agrícolas], Oficina Nacional en Ecuador, 1971. ii, 13 leaves.

A thematically organized bibliography of 167 items. Indexed by personal authors and corporate bodies.

227. Noia, John de. Ecuador . Guide to the Official Publications of the Other AmericanRepublics, 9. Washington, DC: Library of Congress, 1947. 56 pp.

A comprehensive guide to government publications of the 1830s through the 1890s and the firsthalf of the 1900s. Of considerable historical importance. Noia has not only never been superseded,he has never been supplemented either.

228. Norris, Robert E. (1939–). “Estudios norteamericanos sobre el Ecuador.” Anales de laUniversidad de Cuenca 27:3/4 (jul. /dic. 1971): 179–189.

Important as an indicator of the interest that began to be shown in the United States on Ecuador,following the Castro Revolution. Not altogether reliable, however.

229. Norris, Robert E. (1939–). Guía bibliográfica para el estudio de la historia ecuatoriana.Serie de guías y bibliografías, 11. Austin: Institute of Latin American Studies, Universityof Texas at Austin, 1978. ix, 295 pp.40

The most comprehensive guide to Ecuadorian historiography in its day. Lists 3,577 plus books, pamphlets, articles, theses, and miscellaneous manuscripts. Annotates some items. Indexed byauthors and subjects. Marred by multiple errors.



230. Núñez Sánchez, Jorge (1947–). La historiografía ecuatoriana contemporánea(1970–1994). Quito: Ediciones de la FAU, 1994. 135 pp.

A major review of late-twentieth-century works by Ecuadorian or national scholars who cultivatethe past and ecuatorianistas or foreign historians by one of the leading national cultivators of the

“new history.” Especially concerned with “trends” (i.e., underlying ideological and theoreticalframeworks), approaches to the past, and types of history. Listed here because it includes asubstantial bibliography (pp. 57–132).

The text under the same title—but not the accompanying bibliography—also appeared in: Anuario de estudios americanos, 53:1 (1996): 277–308.41 The bibliographic component is, or, atleast was, available online at: http://www.cultura.com.ec/hisbiblio.htm

231. Ojeda V., Alejandro. “Estadística de la prensa nacional siguiendo el orden cronológico yclasificado por provincias desde enero de 1792 hasta diciembre de 1940.” In Informe del señor Ministro de Hacienda y Crédito Público al H. Congreso Nacional . 2 vols. (Quito:

Ministerio de Hacienda y Crédito Público, 1941), 2: 243–345.

An exceptionally comprehensive guide to newspapers. A province by province, year by year register. Not always reliable insofar as beginning and ending dates of publication are concerned.42

232. O’Leary, Timothy J. Ethnographic Bibliography of South America. New Haven: HumanRelations Area Files, 1963. xxiv, 387 pp.

See pp. 59–72 for materials on Ecuador.

233. Oleas G., Angel F. Catálogo modelo: Biblioteca del Convento de Santo Domingo, Quito.

Serie: Patrimonio documental ecuatoriano. Catálogos, no. 1. Quito: República delEcuador, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura: Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural,INPC: Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONACYT: Comunidad Dominicana,Convento Máximo en Quito; Brussels: Reino de Bélgica: Comercio Exterior yCooperación al Desarrollo: Administración General de Cooperación al Desarrollo,A.G.C.D.: Sección de Cooperación de Bélgica, 1992. viii, 347 pp.

“Dirección técnica: Lcda. María Eugenia Mieles V., CONACYT.” Samples holdings of theLibrary of the Dominican Monastery in Quito to exemplify how a level two catalog, employingcurrent, internationally agreed upon bibliographic norms, should be constructed. Of minor utilityas a subject bibliography, however, because it describes only 250 items. Nonetheless, it includessome items that do not appear in Stols (entry 276). Well indexed. See also the same authors’s Manual de procedimientos en bibliotecas históricas: Biblioteca del Convento de Santo Domingo,Quito. Serie: Patrimonio documental ecuatoriano. Manuales, no. 1.(Quito: República delEcuador, Ministerio de Educación y Cultura: Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural, INPC:Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONACYT: Comunidad Dominicana, ConventoMáximo en Quito; Brussels: Reino de Bélgica: Comercio Exterior y Cooperación al Desarrollo:Administración General de Cooperación al Desarrollo, A.G.C.D.: Sección de Cooperación de

http://www.cultura.com.ec/hisbiblio.htm

http://www.cultura.com.ec/hisbiblio.htm



Bélgica, 1992, 1992; 91 pp.).

234. Orejuela, Manuel T. “Communication relative à la Bibliographie de la linguistiqueéquatorienne presentée par le delegué de l’Université Centrale de l’Equateur au I’Ve

Congrès International de Linguistique Romane = Comunicación relativa la bibliografía de

Lingüística ecuatoriana, presentada por el delegado de la Universidad Central del Ecuador al IV Congreso Internacional de Linguística [ sic] Románica.” Anales de la Universidad Central del Ecuador , 53:290 (1934): 425–453.

In French (pp. 427–439) and Spanish (pp 441–453). Title sometimes given as “Linguistiqueéquatorienne.” Divided into works on Spanish in Ecuador, modern Quichua, and prehispaniclanguages spoken in the future country, including some that disappeared during the colonial period. Considerably dated, but still useful.

235. Palacio Pereira, Lucrecia, Rafael Montenegro Cárdenas, and Paúl Solano Gallegos.Catálogo de obras editadas por el Núcleo del Azuay de la Casa de la Cultura

Ecuatoriana en sus 50 años de fundación. Cuenca: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Azuay, 1994. 60 pp.

A catalogue of the 1946–1994 publications of the Núcleo del Azuay of the Casa de la CulturaEcuatoriana. Compiled by the director and librarians of the Biblioteca “Manuel María MuñozCueva” of the Núcleo del Azuay.

236. Patch, Richard W. (Richard Wilbur) (1929–). Bibliography of the Andean Countries: ASelected, Current, Annotated Bibliography Relating to Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador, Drawn from Reasonably Accessible Works Published in English and Spanish.Bibliography (American Universities Field Staff), 1. New York: American Universities

Field Staff, 1958. 23 pp.

Includes only eight entries for Ecuador. Exemplifies how few works were available on Ecuador inthe United States as of the mid twentieth century.43

237. Paz y Miño, Luis Telmo (1842–1962). Bibliografía geográfica ecuatoriana.Publicaciones de la Biblioteca Municipal de Quito. Quito: Imprenta Nacional, 1927. 69 pp.

Registered 509 items. Also published in: Boletín de la Biblioteca Nacional del Ecuador 2:10(1927): 178–200; 2:11 (1927): 234–278.

238. Pérez Concha, Jorge (1908–1995). “Bibliografía histórica naval ecuatoriana.” Revista del Instituto de Historia Marítima 8:15 (dic. 1993): 135–164.

The first and as of mid 2002, the only bibliography of published materials concerning or relatingto the history of the Ecuadorian Navy, especially but not exclusively as held by the Instituto deHistoria Marítima. Divided into “national” and “international” authors. The citations are



minimalistic. Those of journal articles, for example, lack pagination statements.

239. Pérez Sáinz, Juan Pablo. “Debate bibliográfico: urbanización, sector informal y pobladores.” Ecuador debate 11 (jun. 1986): 195–202.

A critical review of El proceso de urbanización en el Ecuador (del siglo XVIII al siglo XX):antología, compiled by Fernando Carrión (Quito: Centro de Investigaciones CIUDAD: EditorialEl Conejo, 1986); El sector informa1 urbano en los países andinos by Daniel CarbonettoTortonessi and others, the first edition of which appeared in Guayaquil in 1985; and Susan Lobo’sTengo casa propia: organización social en las barriadas de Lima (Lima : Instituto de EstudiosPeruanos: Instituto Indigenista Interamericano, 1984). This item, therefore, should not have beenincluded in this bibliography according to the criteria adopted for coverage and will be droppedfrom future editions thereof.

240. Pinto Gamboa, W. Fernando (1934–), and Carmen Bejarano de Núñez. Repertoriobibliográfico de la literatura latinoamericana, dirigido por Luis Alberto Sánchez. T. 4.

Cuba-Ecuador . Lima: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 1962. 242 pp.

Includes title and author indexes.

241. Pita Sevilla, Edgar, Peter C. Meier, and Pablo Samaniego Ponce. Bibliografía artesanal del Ecuador . Quito: Consejo Nacional de Desarrollo: Banco Central del Ecuador, 1984.56 pp.44

242. Planificación regional: bibliografía básica, Manabí , Junta Nacional de Planificación [y]Centro de Rehabilitación de Manabí. Quito : Junta Nacional de Planificación, Oficina dePublicaciones, 1978. 193 pp.

Organized by subjects. Includes content statements and specifies holding libraries.

243. Pöppel, Hubert. Las vanguardias literarias en Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru:bibliografía y antología crítica. Bibliografía y antología crítica de las vanguardiasliterarias en el mundo ibérico, 2. Frankfurt am Main: Vervuert; Madrid: Iberoamericana,1999. xxv, 225 pp.

“Con la colaboración de Amalia Salazar-Pöppel.” The Ecuadorian authors covered are ManuelAgustín Aguirre, César E. Arroyo, Jorge Carrera Andrade, José de la Cuadra, Gonzalo Escudero,José Antonio Falconí Villagómez, Jorge Fernández, Alfredo Gangotena, Ignacio Lasso, MiguelAngel León, G. Humberto Mata, Hugo Mayo (the pseudonym of Miguel Augusto Egas), PabloPalacio, Jorge Reyes, Angel F. Rojas, Augusto Cecity Arias, and Humberto Salvador. Indexed.

244. Ponce Leiva, Pilar. “La educación disputada: repaso bibliográfico sobre la enseñanzauniversitaria en la Audiencia de Quito,” Estudios de historia social y económica de América, 11 (1994): 137–150.



A guide to and discussion of the limited literature on universities in Quito during the colonial period. Also published as: “La educación disputada: la enseñanza universitaria en la Audiencia deQuito,” Procesos: revista ecuatoriana de historia, 6 (II sem. 1994): 3–21.

245. Pons E., Olga, and Marcía Oviedo P. Catálogo colectivo de publicaciones periódicas en

bibliotecas agrícolas del Ecuador . Quito: Asociación Interamericana de Bibliotecarios yDocumentalistas Agrícolas, Filial Ecuador, 1973. 285 pp.

A union list of periodicals, especially agricultural, making it doubly valuable. In this regard, itshould be noted that the majority of libraries in Ecuador are poorly organized, and their holdings barely known.

246. Pro Meneses, Alejandro (1921–). Discografía del pasillo ecuatoriano. Quito: Abya-Yala,1997. 198 pp.

Covers the years 1900–1990. Includes recordings made in other countries of national music. Rich

in information, but, unfortunately, not indexed.

247. “Publicaciones relacionadas con la costa del ASA.” In Encuentro de Investigadores de laCosta Ecuatoriana en Europa (1st : 1993 : Barcelona, España). Primer Encuentro de Investigadores de la Costa Ecuatoriana en Europa: arqueología, etnohistoria,antropología sociocultural , Alvarez, Aurelio [et al.]. 1ª ed. (Quito: Ediciones Abya-Yala,1995), 535–553.

By ASA is meant “Area Septentrional Andina.” A chronological list of the publications of JoséAlcina Franch, Silvia Alvarez, F. Jean Bouchard, Alejandro Cerda Esteve, Mercedes GuineaBueno, María Luisa Laviana Cuetos, Jorge Marcos, Josefina Palop Martínez, and Montserrat

Ventura i Oller on the archaeology, ethnohistory, and ethnography of Ecuador.

248. Restrepo G., Marco. Amazonia ecuatoriana: reseña bibliográfica comentada,1950–1992. Quito: Centro de Investigación de los Movimientos Sociales del Ecuador,1992. 373 pp.

“Colaboración: Marco Andrade, Patricia Ortiz.” A major bibliography of published andunpublished materials on the Oriente. Describes and evaluates 500 items in alphabetical order byauthors. Indexed by subjects and participating institutions. Indicates where copies may be seen inQuito.

249. Resúmenes analíticos en educación. 1/30 (ago./sept. 1981)–. Quito: CIPTE; REDUC,1981–.

Apparently the Ecuadorian equivalent of ERIC Resources in Education. Related to item 31. Notknown if still being published.

250. Rivera, Guillermo (b. 1885). A Tentative Bibliography of the Belles-Lettres of Ecuador .



Bibliographies of the Belles-Lettres of Hispanic America. Cambridge, Mass.: HarvardCouncil on Hispano-American Studies, 1934. 76 pp.

The pioneering bibliography of Ecuadorian literature. See also entries 255 and 313.

251. Rivet, Paul (1876–1958). “Index bibliographique de l’ethnographie ancienne del’Equateur.” In René Verneau and Paul Rivet. Ethnographie ancienne de l’Equateur. 2vols. Mission du service géographie de l’armée pour la mesure d’un arc de méridienéquatorial en Amérique du Sud sour le controle scientifique de l’Académie des sciences,1899–1906, tome 6, fasc. 1 & 2. 2 vols. (Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1912–1922), 2: i–xli.

A bibliography of the archaeology and “prehistory” of the country by one of the first Europeansto engage in professional field work in the country. Also published as a separate.

252. Roca Gutiérrez, Jaime. Bibliografía sobre planificación urbana de Guayaquil . Guayaquil:Consejo Nacional de Desarrollo, Dirección Regional Guayaquil: Universidad de

Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, 1984. 2 pp., [2], 40 leaves.

A bare bones bibliography of highly specialized, difficult to obtain materials. Organized into eightcategories of materials: “Aspectos económicos,” “Aspectos físicos,” “Aspectos sociales,”“Estadísticas,” “Estudios integrales,” “Legal,” “Políticas y estrategías,” and “Vivienda.” Holdingrepositories are indicated.

253. Rodríguez, Máximo A. El periodismo lojano. Quito, Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana,1948. viii, 117 pp.

A bibliographic study of newspapers of Loja. Covers the years 1859, when the first newspaper

appeared in that city, through 1947.

254. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). “Apéndice a un estudio bibliográfico acerca de losescritos del Ilmo. González Suárez.” Dios y patria (Riobamba) 5:18 (abr. 1928):117–133.

Supplements Bueno (entries 58 and 59).45

255. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). Las bellas letras en el Ecuador . Guayaquil: Impr. iTalleres. Municipales, 1944. 157, xii pp.

Arranged by Universal Decimal classification. Includes an author index. Does not altogether supersede Rivera (entry 250). Supplemented and updated in its turn, but not altogether superseded by Welch and Gutiérrez either (entry 313).

256. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). Bibliografía catequística en la República del Ecuador:contribución al 1er Congreso Catequístico Diocesano celebrado en Guayaquil .Guayaquil: Impr. Gutenberg de E.A. Uzcateguí, 1941. 31 pp.



Registers 14 Quechua and Quichua catechisms and 143 Ecuadorian works about the Catholiccatechism. Also lists 83 other books and 18 pamphlets of religious instruction.

257. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). “Bibliografía de Eloy Alfaro.” Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Históricas 11:26/28 (1958): 5–69.

Eloy Alfaro (1842–1912) led the “liberal revolution” that triumphed in 1895, was president of Ecuador between 1895–1901 and again between 1906–1911. Like his conservative counterpart,García Moreno, Alfaro met a violent end and has generated a substantial body of literature.46

258. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). Bibliografía médica ecuatoriana. Guayaquil:Tipografía de la Benemérita Sociedad Filantropica del Guayas, 1953. 387, 55 pp.

A guide to holdings of the Rolando Library on medicine and history of medicine. Organizedthematically. Indexed by authors (55 pp. at end).

259. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). Catálogo de la bibliografía nacional: (Biblioteca de Autores Nacionales de Carlos A. Rolando). Guayaquil: Impr. Mercantil, 1913. 135 pp.

As of Dec. 1912, the Rolando Collection consisted of 1,346 books, 3,726 pamphlets, 712 serials,and approximately 3,800 broadsides. Updated by item 260. Rolando (1881–1969), a pharmacistturned bibliophile and bibliographer, remained active almost to the end of his long andexceptionally productive life.

260. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). Catálogo decimal de la Biblioteca de Autores Nacionales. Guayaquil: Imprenta y Talleres Municipales, 1947. 268 pp.

Compiled with the assistance of Iván Antonio Almirande. Updated item 259.

261. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). Los centenarios de 1933: doctor Luis Cordero, don Julio Zaldumbide, doctor Antonio Flores Jijón, doctor José Modesto Espinoza.Guayaquil: Imprenta i Talleres Municipales, 1933. 79 pp.

Consists of biobibliographies of Luis Cordero (1833–1912), Julio Zaldumbide (1833–1887),Antonio Flores (1833–1915), and José Modesto Espinosa (1833–1915).47

262. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). “Los centenarios de 1950,” Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Históricas, 8:18/20 (1950): 167–188.

Consists of biobibliographies of Pedro José Boloña (1850–1898), Francisco J. Martínez Aguirre(1850–1917), Juan Félix Proaño (1850–1938), Andrés Machado (1850–1926), and DanielEnrique Proaño (1850–1943).

263. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). Crónica del periodismo en el Ecuador . 1 vol. (145 pp.)Guayaquil: Tipografía de la Sociedad Filantrópica del Guayas, 1947.



A calendar of newspapers. Supersedes item 265, but only for newspapers. Only vol. 1,1792–1849, was published. But continued in item 264.

264. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). “Crónica del periodismo en el Ecuador: año de 1850 a1869.” Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Históricas 10:23/24 (1955): 55–94.

Continues item 263.

265. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). Cronología del periodismo ecuatoriano; Pseudónimos[ sic] de la prensa nacional . 2 vols. Guayaquil: Impr. i Papelería Mercantil, 1920–1934.

Vol. 2: Impr. de la Sociedad Filantrópica del Guayas. Two works in one: (1) Rolando’s firstattempt at a chronology of the press, listing newspapers issued through Oct. 1920; (2) a key to pseudonyms used by journalists. See also entries 263, 264, and 269.

266. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). Don Juan Montalvo, 1832–1932. Guayaquil: Impr. y

Talleres Municipales, 1932. 22 pp.

A bibliography. Organized chronologically. Amplified and updated by Plutarco Naranjo in item225.

267. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). “Notas bio-bibliográficas: don José Antonio Campos,” Libros i bibliotecas, año 1, nº. 3 (set. 1939): 1–28; año 1, nº. 4 (dic. 1939): 1–2.

The guayaquileño Campos (1868–1939) was a journalist and a humorist. He is best rememberedfor the satirical column he maintained under the pseudonym “Jack the Ripper,” some of whichwere reprinted in Linterna mágica: selección de artculos humorísticos de José Antonio Campos

(Jack the Ripper) (Guayaquil:Tip. de la Sociedad Filantrópica del Guayas, 1944).

268. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). “Notas bio-bibliográficas: Roberto Andrade [y]Leonardo R. Aulestia,” Libros i bibliotecas, año 1, nº. 1 (mar. 1939): 41–43.

Roberto Andrade (1850–1938) was one of the most important liberals of the late nineteenth andearly twentieth centuries, a major political commentator, and a prolific writer. Perhaps his mostimportant work was his monumental Historia del Ecuador (Guayaquil: Reed and Reed,1934–1937; 7 vols. [2787 p.]), especially significant for its detailed, heavily documented accountof the independence period.

269. Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969). “Obras anónimas y pseudónimas [ sic] del Ecuador.” Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Históricas 6:8/11 (1941): 186–223.

Rolando is the only bibliographer to have addressed the question of authorship of anonymous and pseudonymously published works in Ecuador comprehensively and systematically. See also entry265 and Rolando’s “Pseudónimos [ sic] en la prensa del Ecuador,” Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Históricas 3:3 (1933): 208–231.



270. Romero Arteta, Oswaldo (b. 1919). Bibliografía del P. Aurelio Espinosa Pólit, S.I.: yreseña de los críticos de sus obras. Quito: Editorial “Don Bosco,” 1961. 194 pp.

The Jesuit Espinosa Pólit (1894–1961) was a major student of the literature of the colonial andindependence periods and the originator of the collection that bears his name. Among other major

works, he was responsible for the first scholarly acceptable version of Juan de Velasco’s Historiadel Reino de Quito.

271. Romero Arteta, Oswaldo (b. 1919). Bibliografía [de Remigio Crespo Toral]. Obrascompletas de Remigio Crespo Toral, 1. Quito: Academia Ecuatoriana de la Lengua, 1957.xvii, 179 pp.

Registers 1,296 items. Indexed by periodicals and names. Crespo Toral (1860–1939), a cuencano,was one of the outstanding literary lights of the country during the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries.

272. Romero Arteta, Oswaldo (1919–). “La literatura ecuatoriana en las tesis doctorales de lasuniversidades norteamericanas desde 1943 a 1985.” Revista iberoamericana 54:144/145(jul./dic. 1988): 1011–1018.

An annotated list of Ph.D. dissertations done in the United States on Ecuadorian literati andliterature. Arranged chronologically.

273. Rosero Jácome, Rocío (1951–), and Jackeline Contreras. Bibliografía sobre la mujer enel Ecuador . Quito: ILDIS, 1988. 164 pp.

A bibliography of women’s studies, a field late in developing in Ecuador. Registers and analyzes

489 items. Indexed by authors and subjects. Copies of the majority of the works described are to be found in the Biblioteca del Instituto Latinoamericano de Investigaciones Sociales (ILDIS) andthe Biblioteca General de la Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “AurelioEspinosa Pólit,” but several other holding libraries in Quito are also indicated.

274. Ruiz, Lucía, and Nancy Sánchez. Pobreza urbana en el Ecuador: bibliografía nacional .1ª ed. Quito: UNICEF, Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia: CIUDAD, Centrode Investigaciones, 1994. 239 pp.

As of July 2002, the most comprehensive and up-to-date bibliography on urban poverty in thecountry, especially in the primary cities of Quito and Guayaquil. 48 Lists 796 articles, contributionsto anthologies, and books published between 1969 and 1994. Indexed by subjects, personalauthors, corporate bodies, geographic areas of coverage, and when published. The librariescanvassed were those of CIUDAD and the Biblioteca General de la Pontificia UniversidadCatólica del Ecuador.

275. Ruiz, Silvana. Bibliografía seleccionada para el estudio de aspectos urbanos en el Ecuador: el caso de Quito. Quito: Centro de Investigaciones CIUDAD, 1981. iv, 66 pp.



A guide to literature on “urban development” of the capital.

276. Ryder, Roy H. “Bibliografía anotada de las principales obras geográficas del Ecuador.” Revista geográfica (México) 77 (dic. 1972): 131–147.

Annotated. Organized thematically. Includes atlases and maps in addition to studies of and relatedworks on virtually every aspect of the geography of the country.

277. Salazar, Gustavo. Benjamín Carrión, un rastreo bibliográfico: (edición por el centenariode su natalicio, 1897–1997). Quito: Municipio del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito,Dirección General de Educación y Cultura, Centro Cultural Benjamín Carrión; EskeletraEdit., 1998. 205 pp.

A guide to the numerous writings of one of the country’s most important intellectuals of thetwentieth century and the founding president of the Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana. Carrión(1897–1979), a pseudo-Marxist, was a facile as well as prolific writer.

278. San Cristóval, Evaristo (1894–1968). Bibliografía, la controversia limítrofe entre el Perú y el Ecuador . Lima: Librería e Imprenta Gil, 1937. 113 pp.

Issued in fascicules. Therefore not all exemplars may be complete. A bibliography of studies and published sources on the boundary dispute between Ecuador and Peru. Useful as a guide to theliterature of its day and as an indicator of how important the boundary controversy used to be,even during periods of quiescence in the dispute between the two countries.

279. San Martín Caro, Alejandro, and Rafael Caro. Relaciones peruano-ecuatorianas: guíabibliográfica de las publicaciones existentes en las bibliotecas de acceso público de

Lima. Lima: Centro Peruano de Investigaciones Internacionales, 1985. 62 pp.

A guide to materials published in Peru, Ecuador, and other countries on Ecuadorian and Peruvianrelations in libraries open to the public in Lima. Indexed by authors.

280. Sánchez, Carlos Enrique. La imprenta en el Ecuador en conmemoración del IV centenario de la fundación de Quito: 1534–1934 y el primer centenario de la imprentanacional . Quito: Talleres Gráficos Nacionales, 1935. 214 pp.

An introduction to the history of printing and binding in the country following its independencefrom Spain and Colombia. The only such attempt to date. Highlighted by facsimiles of title pagesof nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century works and photographs of contemporary printers and binders. Includes a professional directory and biographical dictionary of printers, editors, and publishers of the country. The list of typographical establishments, however, is limited to Quito.

281. Sánchez, Nancy. Referencias bibliográficas sobre participación disponibles en la Biblioteca del Centro de Investigaciones CIUDAD. Quito: Centro de InvestigacionesCIUDAD, 1998. 338 pp.



A catalog of 939 articles, contributions to anthologies, and books on political participation inEcuador, elsewhere in Latin America, and the rest of the world held by the Centro deInvestigaciones CIUDAD library. Indexed by subjects, personal authors, corporate bodies, andgeographic areas of coverage.

282. Sánchez Astudillo, Miguel (1917–1968). Textos de catedráticos jesuitas en Quitocolonial: estudio y bibliografía. Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1959. 146 pp.

Describes 408 works, including some in manuscript, of the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenthcenturies employed as textbooks by the Jesuits in Quito during the colonial period. Indexed byauthors.

283. Saville, Marshall Howard (1867-1935). “Bibliography of the anthropology of Ecuador.”In the author’s The Antiquities of Manabi, Ecuador . 2 vols. (New York: Irving Press,1907–1910), 1:121–135.

Much more general than the title implies. Indicative of what an assiduous search of the literaturewould produce on the geography, prehistory, history, and ethnography of Ecuador in UnitedStates libraries as of the early 1900s.49

284. Schwab, Federico. “Algunos periódicos desconocidos del Perú, Ecuador y Bolivia.” Fénix(Lima), 4 (2º sem. 1945): 894–909.

An older but not superseded item inasmuch as Schwab lists a number of serials, includingnewspapers, of the central Andean countries that had previously eluded registration and that arestill not to be found in other bibliographies.

285. Sheppard, George. “Bibliografía de la geología del Ecuador.” Anales de la Universidad Central 46:276 (1931): 285–298.

Lists 104 items.

286. Smith, Ronna (1947–). “Prosa de Ortiz: bibliografía.” Cultura 6:16 (mayo/ago. 1983):197–210.

A bibliography of the prose writings of Adalberto Ortiz (1914–), one of the country’s mostcelebrated twentieth-century novelists and black writers. His most famous work is the novel Juyungo (Buenos Aires: Edit. Americalee, 1943).

287. Solano de la Sala Veintemilla, Germán (1956–). Indice de folletos sobre temaseconómicos y sociales del Ecuador . Fuentes para la historia económica del Ecuador. SerieIndices de documentación, III. Quito: Banco Central del Ecuador, 1991. 299 pp.

This project was begun by Samuel Guerra Bravo (1947–) and Adriana Grijalva de Dávila, butcompleted by Germán Solano under the direction of Carlos Marchán Romero.



A guide to some of the considerable body of pamphlet literature of the country on economic andsocial themes. Consists of 4,936 entries corresponding to approximately 4,500 pamphlets oneconomic and social tropics relating to Ecuador, nominally published between and inclusive of 1817 and 1989. Some of the entries are redundant. The alleged 1817 imprint does not exist. Thecorresponding item does exists, but it was published in 1871, not in 1817. The earliest entry in

fact dates from 1824. Organized thematically. Indexed by authors and dates of publication.

The question of what constitute a pamphlet is addressed but not satisfactorily answered. The cutoff point between a pamphlet and a book was supposed to have been 100 pages in extension, butthis definition was not uniformly observed. Also includes some relevant materials published inother countries.

Based on impressive research in libraries of Ambato, Babahoyo, Cuenca, Guayaquil, Ibarra,Latacunga, Loja, Manta, Montecristi, Otavalo, Portoviejo, Quito, Riobamba, Tulcán, and Vinces.Holding libraries are indicated.

288. Stols, Alexandre A.M. (1900–1973). Historia de la imprenta en el Ecuador de 1755 a1830. Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1956. xv, 261 pp.

A comprehensive but not exhaustive bibliography of early Ecuadorian imprints (275 monographsand 29 serials). Specifies repository in which seen. There are a considerable number of pre–1831 publications in archives, libraries, museums, and private collections in Guayaquil, Cuenca, andelsewher not seen by or known to Stols. Nonetheless, it cannot be overemphasized that Stols’swork is the most complete bibliography of early ecuatoriana attempted as of July 2002. It is also amodel of descriptive and enumerative bibliography.

Opens with a solid history of the press in Ambato, Quito, Guayaquil, and Cuenca in that order.

Builds and expands upon the work of: (1) Lilia Carrera and Lucila Córtes Miranda (entry 64); (2)Cristóbal de Gangotena y Jijón, “Contribuciones al estudio de la imprenta en América,” Boletín dela Academia Nacional de Historia, 28:71 (ene./jun. 1948): 110–121; (3) Carlos Manuel Larrea(entries 187 and 188); (4) Aurelio Espinosa Pólit; (5) Federico González Suárez (entry 139); (6)José Toribio Medina (entries 215 and 216); and (7) Gabriel Pino Roca, El establecimiento de laimprenta en Guayaquil ,50 among others.

289. Tirira S., Diego. Listado bibliográfico sobre los mamíferos del Ecuador . Boletines bibliográficos sobre la biodiversidad del Ecuador, 2. Serie Mamíferos del Ecuador publicación especial, 3. Quito: EcoCiencia: SIMBIOE, Corporación Sociedad para laInvestigación y Monitoreo de la Biodiversidad Ecuatoriana, 2000. xii, 340 pp.

Lists 1,856 references. Indexed by authors, geographic areas, and scientific and popular names.Specifies holding entities. Based on five years of research. Includes a useful introduction. 51

290. Uhle, Max (1856–1944). “Adenda a la Bibliografía sobre etnología y arqueología delEcuador,” Anales de la Universidad Central , 38:258/259 (1927): 234–235.



Supplemented item 292. Added 18 items. Reprinted as an addendum to the monographic editionof item 292.

291. Uhle, Max (1856–1944). “Bibliografía ampliada sobre etnología y arqueología delEcuador.” Anales de la Universidad Central del Ecuador 42:267 (1929): 53–83; 43:270

(1929): 455–490.

Considerably amplified as well as updated item 292. Probably also reprinted as a separate.

292. Uhle, Max (1856–1944). “Bibliografía sobre etnología y arqueología del Ecuador.” Analesde la Universidad Central del Ecuador 37:257 (1926): 167–177.

Registered 168 items. Reprinted as a separate (Quito: Imprenta de la Universidad Central, 1926;14 pp.).

293. Universidad de Guayaquil. Biblioteca de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Area de

economía ecuatoriana: libros ingresados hasta el 30 de junio de 1977 . Boletín bibliográfico. Guayaquil: Departamento de Publicaciones de la Facultad de CienciasEconómicas, 1977. 181, 82 pp.

A thematic catalog of the holdings of the library in question as of June 1977. Unfortunately, notindexed; it must simply be waded through.

294. Uribe, Maruja, Blanca Cecilia Salazar, and Margarita Hernández. Bibliografía selectiva sobre desarrollo rural en el Ecuador . Bogotá: Instituto Interamericano de CienciasAgrícolas, OEA, Oficina en Colombia, Biblioteca IICa, 1979. ii, 203 pp.

Broader in coverage than the title implies. Includes a directory of 121 organizations and lists 139 periodicals as well as 1,549 books and art icles.

295. Vega y Vega, Wilson C. (1964–). Angel Polibio Chaves: fundador de la Provincia de Bolívar . Serie Alfarada; vol. 4. S.A.G. ; vol. 116. Quito: S.A.G., 1997. 287 pp.

A biography and a bibliography (pp. 67–180) of works by Chaves (1855–1930), the first governor of the province. Chaves (sometimes spelled Chavez) was a writer/maker of history (having been alawyer, a politician, and a military officer—he fought against the dictatorship of Ignacio deVeintimilla, for example) as well as a man of letters.

296. Vega y Vega, Wilson C. (1964–). “Bibliografía de Alfredo Pareja Diezcanseco: Guayaquil,1908–Quito, 1993,” Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia, 76:161–162 (1993):486–491.

Pareja Diezcanseco was a novelist turned historian. A member of the Grupo de Guayaquil, he isthe author of 14 novels and multiple historical studies, including the well received but highlyfictionalized life of Eloy Alfaro, La hoguera bárbara (México, D.F.: Compañía General Editora,



1944).

N.B. This and the following bibliographies by Vega y Vega published in the Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia in conjunction obituaries are organized chronologically (i.e., fromearliest to latest known publications) and not complete in every instance.

297. Vega y Vega, Wilson C. (1964–). “Bibliografía de César Ricardo Descalzi.” Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia 74:157/158 (ene./dic. 1991): 381–387.

Descalzi (1912–1990) published little in terms of titles but much in terms of volume, mostly onthe history of the colonial period, especially of his native Quito (the city), and the theater. See, for example, his three vol. La Real Audiencia de Quito, claustro en los Andes, Historia de Quitocolonial, vol. 1–3 (Quito: Edit. Universitaria, 1978–1988) and six vol. Historia crítica del teatroecuatoriano (Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1968).

298. Vega y Vega, Wilson. C. (1964–). Bibliografía de Dr. Julio Tobar Donoso. Quito: W.

Vega y Vega, 1994. 181 pp.

Apparently encompasses Tobar Donoso’s entire output. Tobar Donoso (1894–1981) was animportant, highly productive historian of the national period, especially of the nineteenth century.Describes and analyzes 568 published books, articles (newspaper as well as periodical), prologues, and books reviews in chronological order.

299. Vega y Vega, Wilson. C. (1964–). “Bibliografía de Eduardo N. Martínez (Nalo),” Boletínde la Academia Nacional de Historia, 76:161–162 (1993): 473–475.

Eduardo N. Martínez (1912–1992) was a native son of the Province of Carchi and the author of a

substantial biography of the liberal general Julio Andrade (1866–1912), Julio Andrade o el bayardo (Quito: Impr. Fernández, 1944), and Etnohistoria de los Pastos (Quito: Edit.Universitaria,1977), among other important works. Julio Andrade was a younger brother of Roberto Andrade.

300. Vega y Vega, Wilson. C. (1964–). “Bibliografía de Emilio Bonifaz Jijón,” Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia, 77:163–164 (1994): 520–523.

Emilio Bonifaz was a wealthy hacendado, big game hunter, and amateur archaeologist.

301. Vega y Vega, Wilson. C. (1964–). “Bibliografía de Julio Estrada Ycaza,” Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia, 77:163–164 (1994): 514–516.

Estrada Ycaza (1917–1993) was the founding director of the Archivo Histórico del Guayas andthe author of several detailed, well researched, and solidly documented monographs on multipleaspects of the history of Guayaquil, his native city, and the coast.

302. Vega y Vega, Wilson. C. (1964–). “Bibliografía de Mons. Antonio Bermeo Basantes,”



Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia, 77:163–164 (1994): 501–503.

Bermeo (1903–1993), a diocesan priest and pedagogue, was also a competent historian. His mostimportant work was Relaciones entre la Iglesia y el Estado en la República del Ecuador (Guayaquil: Edit Casa de la CulturaEcuatoriana, Núcleo del Guayas, 1969).

303. Vega y Vega, Wilson. C. (1964–). “Bibliografía del P. José Joaquín Flor Vásconez, S.I.,” Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia, 76:161–162 (1993): 466–468.

The Jesuit Flor Vásconez (1918–1991) specialized in biographical studies and literary criticism.

304. Vega y Vega, Wilson C. (1964–). “José María Vargas: bibliografía.” Memoria (SociedadEcuatoriana de Investigaciones Históricas y Geográficas) 1 (1989–1990): 181–244.

Registers 839 publications of Father Vargas in chronological order from 1925 through 1988.Vargas (1902–1988) was a leading authority on the ecclesiastical history and culture of the

colonial period, particularly of the arts, on which subjects he published extensively.

305. Vega y Vega, Wilson C. (1964–). Notas bio-bibliográficas del P. Julián Bravo Santillán.Quito: Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Investigaciones Históricas y Geográficas, 1996. 10 pp.

A curriculum vitae of the former director of the Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit”and the instigator of the Diccionario bibliográfico ecuatoriano (item 46).

306. Velasco, Juan de (1727–1792). Catálogo de algunos escritores antiguos y modernos del Perú y Quito. Quito: Impr. del Gobierno, 1885. 6 pp.52

See pp. 2–3 above for a discussion of this “bibliography.”

307. Viajeros, científicos, maestros: misiones alemanas en el Ecuador: Quito, Galerías Artes, septiembre–diciembre, 1989. Quito: Galería Artes: Proyecto EBI, 1989. 195 pp.

Edited by Iván Cruz Cevallos and Matthías Abram. A catalog of an exhibit of several hundred books and pamphlets, drawings and paintings, artifacts and documents relating, indirectly as wellas directly, to nineteenth- and twentieth-century Germans and their travels, scientific research, andteaching missions in Ecuador.53 Unfortunately, this fascinating but poorly edited catalog lacks atable of contents as well as an index.

308. Villavicencio, César. Anuario de la prensa ecuatoriana. 3 vols. (48, 114, 88 pp.)Guayaquil: Imprenta de V. Noboa [para la] Biblioteca Municipal, 1893–1895.54

Vols. 2–3 were printed by the Oficina Tipográfica de V.S. Hernández. Mostly given over to periodicals and newspapers, but also includes some monographs inasmuch as prensa in this caserefers to the printing press, not to newspapers. Indexed by authors (corporate body and personal).Covers the years 1892–1894. Villavicencio was the director of the Biblioteca Municipal de



Guayaquil.

309. Vivar Correa, Víctor León (1866–1896). “Hombres y cosas del Ecuador: noticia dealgunas publicaciones ecuatorianas.” Revista ecuatoriana 4:41 (mayo 1892): 199–208;4:42 (jun. 1892): 217–225.

A bibliographical essay on the enlightened bishop and educational reformer José Pérez Calama(1740–1793) and the mestizo medic and precursor Eugenio Espejo (1747–1795).

310. Watiunk’, Karus, and Juan Bottasso.55 Bibliografía general de la nación jívaro. Sucúa:Mundo Shuar, 1978. 192 pp.

A bibliography of Shuar and Achuar studies. Organized by authors and dates of publication.Employs symbols to indicate the nature of the materials (e.g., “=” is the symbol for “literatura,viajes y etnonovelas” and “x” for “literatura misional y religiosa”). The majority of materials herewithin described are studies of the Shuar rather than of the more evasive and much less well

known Achuar. Reprinted in 1983.

311. Watson, Gayle Hudgens. Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela: An Annotated Guide to Reference Materials in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Metuchen: Scarecrow Press,1971. 279 pp.

Useful for works published through the 1960s. Registers and comments upon 894 articles, books,and periodicals. Arranged by subjects and within subject by author, including issuing corporate body. Ecuador is the least well covered of the three countries, partly because of the relative lack of bibliographic production vis-à-vis Colombia and Venezuela, partly because the University of Texas at Austin and Southern Methodist University in Dallas, where this work was done had not

collected systematically or well on Ecuador. A country index would have been helpful. Based onthe author’s 1967 master of library science thesis, University of Texas at Austin.

312. Welch, Thomas L. (1942–). The Indians of South America: A Bibliography. Washington,D.C.: Columbus Memorial Library, Organization of American States, 1987. xii, 594 pp.

Consists of 9,161 entries. Indexed by authors, t itles, and subjects. See also the comment under entry 314.

313. Welch, Thomas L. (1942–), and René L. Gutiérrez. Bibliografía de la literaturaecuatoriana. Serie bibliográfica Hipólito Unanue, 5. Washington, D.C.: Biblioteca Colón,Organización de los Estados Americanos, 1989. xii, 291 pp.

Consists of 4,790 entries. Indexed by authors and titles. See also the comment under entry 314.

314. Welch, Thomas L. (1942–), and René L. Gutiérrez. The Incas: A Bibliography of Booksand Periodical Articles. Hipolito Unanue Bibliographic Series, 1. Washington, D.C.:Organization of American States, 1987. 145 pp.



Includes articles as well as books. Lists 1,116 items. Organized by authors. Indexed by title,subject, and periodical titles. Beware of the pitfalls in this and the preceding two items.Unpublished theses, for example, are described as though they were publishedworks. Nonetheless, all three bibliographies list many important albeit sometimes obscurematerials. Based largely on the holdings of the Columbus Memorial Library.

315. Wiles, Dawn Ann (1938–). Some Geographical Aspects of Ecuador: An Annotated Critical Bibliography of Periodical and Serial Literature. Working Papers, Series no. 2.Baton Rouge: Institute of Latin American Studies, Louisiana State University, 1970. 50 pp.

A register of pre–1970 articles in English, Spanish, and French on the geography of Ecuador. Theentries are descriptively acceptable for the most part. Organized thematically under the rubrics of “General,” “Physical – Mineral Resources,” “Physical – Vegetation Resources,” “Agricultural,”“Social,” “Regional,” and “Economics.”

316. Woodbridge, Hensley C. (1923–) “An Annotated Bibliography of Publications Concerningthe Spanish of Bolivia, Cuba, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Peru for the Years 1940–1957.” Kentucky Foreign Language Quarterly 7:1 (Jan./March 1960): 37–54.

Included for the sake of completeness. The coverage of materials on Ecuadorian dialects of Spanish is minimal (being limited to three books and six articles),56 and does not reflect the truemagnitude of the work done during the eighteen years Woodbridge covers. Furthermore, he wascavalier when it comes to citations.57



1. The other contributions to this important anthology, each of which is accompanied by

“referencias bibliográficas”—not all of which appear in “Acercamiento bibliográfico ...”—are:Amparo Menéndez-Carrión, “Introducción. Para abordar el problema de la violencia en elEcuador: reflexiones iniciales sobre violencia, política y ciudadanía” (pp. 3–18); Julio Echeverría yAmparo Menéndez-Carrión, “Reflexiones teóricas sobre la violencia” (pp. 21–46); JulioEcheverría, “Violencia, estado y sistema político en el Ecuador” (pp. 49–84); Xavier Izko,“Identidad y violencia en los Andes ecuatorianos” (pp. 85–129); Xavier Andrade, “Violencia yvida cotidiana en el Ecuador” (pp. 131–163); Alexei Páez, “Violencia y narcotráfico” (pp.167–191); Ninfa León, “Violencia y medios de comunicación” (pp. 193–212); and FelipeMacGregor y Marcial Rubio Correa, “Violencia y pacificación en la región andina” (pp.215–258).

2. The earliest seems to have been Bio-bibliografía del Prof. M. Acosta Solis, geobotanico,diplomado en ciencias naturales, director del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales:actuación científica, distinciones y carrera docente, ordenadas cronológicamente hasta 1940(Quito: Instituto Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, 1941; 27 p.) and the latest Principales publicaciones del Dr. Misael Acosta-Solis de 1928-1976 (Quito: [M. Acosta Solís], 1976; 23 pp.).

3. Purchased by the bookdealer Obadiah L. Rich (1783?–1850) in 1830 at a book stall in Madrid.Eighteen years later Rich sold this ms. along with the many other materials that now constitute theRich Collection in the New York Public Library to the collector James Lenox (1800–1880),whose library became part of the New York Public in 1897. In between, but just for a few years,

the New York Public Library copy of the ms. original of the 1807 revision belonged to HenriTernaux Compans (1807–1864) who acquired it in exchange from Rich in 1845, only to sell it back to Obadiah in 1848, just in time for the latter to resell it to Lenox. There are also ms. copiesof the 1807 version in the John Carter Brown Library (the “Kingsborough”) and in the CornellUniversity Library (the “Rich”). See José de Onís, “La Biblioteca americana de Alcedo,”translated with an introduction by J. Roberto Páez, Boletín de la Academia Nacional de Historia,37:89 (enero/jun. 1957):90–102, originally published as “Alcedo’s Bibliotheca Americana,” Hispanic American Historical Review, 31:3 (Aug. 1951): 530–541. Onís is in error, however,regarding the John Carter Brown Library copy; he states, “The Kingsborough manuscript, now inthe John Carter Brown Library, is in all probability a copy of the first [or 1791] draft” (p. 541).As already noted, the Kingsborough ms. is unequivocally a copy of the 1807 revision or finalversion; it is even dated. The New York Public holographic original (Rich 1) is a quarto,consisting of 468 leaves whereas the John Carter Brown copy (Spanish Codex 69) is a 2 vol.folio, consisting of 1,028 consecutively numbered leaves.

4. Reprinted in Prosistas de la colonia: siglos XV–XVIII , Biblioteca ecuatoriana mínima,[9](Puebla, México: Editorial J.M. Cájica Jr. S.A., 1959): 547–587. See also the added“Introducción” by Zaldumbide (pp. 529–545) in which he muddies the waters by erroneously

NOTES



maintaining that the New York Public Library ms. dates from 1809 and that it constituted a thirdversion, that of 1807 being “the second.” Zaldumbide cites Onís as his source for theseabsurdities, but nowhere does Onís make such claims, stating quite clearly that insofar as is yetknown, there are only the two versions, that of 1791 in the Bibliothèque Nationale, and that of 1807 in the New York Public Library.

5. A revision, update, and considerably augmented version of Alonso Altamirano’s “La bibliotecología en el Ecuador,” Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano 1975 y Bibliografíaecuatoriana no. 6 . (entry 16): 11–15.

6. In this regard, it should be noted that it was not until Hamerly was able to review a completeset of the Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central’s Bibliografía ecuatoriana (entry 30) andits successor the Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano (entries 16–18) in the Biblioteca Miguel DíazCueva (July 2002) that he was able to locate this entry within the Anuario, flesh out and correctthe citation thereof, and determine its contents. Note too that the description of Altamirano (entry5) in Hamerly’s Bibliography of Ecuadorian Bibliographies, taken from secondary references, is

incorrect.7. See also the supplement thereto, Indice de traducciones ecuatorianas: primer suplemento(Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1954; 11 pp.), which was incorporated into the secondedition.

8. Sometimes the name of the printer, Sección Publicaciones, JUNAPLA is given, instead of thenames of the publishers in the case of items 11 and 12.

9. Appears as an open entry in OCLC and RLIN, but, unfortunately, Andrade Chiriboga died before he could complete and publish the promised vol. on twentieth-century newspapers of hisnative Cuenca. Also OCLC and RLIN assign the somewhat misleading subject heading of “Ecuadorian periodicals – Bibliography” to this work instead of the more accurate “Ecuadoriannewspapers – Ecuador – Cuenca – Bibliography.”

10. Includes, revises, and augments their previously published: Saraguro: bibliografía general .1999. http://www.saraguro.org/bib.htm/

11. The faux pas in the title was subsequently corrected, beginning with the second issue.

12. No. 7 (1976) of Bibliografía ecuatoriana featured bibliographies of and on Gabriel GarcíaMoreno (see entry 183) and Jorge Icaza. The latter (pp.127–146) was apparently compiled by oneor more members of the “grupo de trabajo” of the Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central

del Ecuador, Lilián Báez, Carmen Carrera, Ximena Chiriboga, Iván Egüez, and MercedesMeneses.

13. See also Catálogo de la Exposición de libros de la Biblioteca de Autores Nacionales “Carlos A. Rolando,” en el XXV aniversario de su fundación: 1913–1938 (Guayaquil: Tipografía yLitografía de la Sociedad Filantrópica del Guayas, 1938; 12 pp.).

http://www.saraguro.org/bib.htm/

http://www.saraguro.org/bib.htm/



14. What is now the Biblioteca Nacional del Ecuador “Eugenio Espejo” dates from 1792, when itwas known as the Biblioteca Pública. It became the Biblioteca del Estado in 1848, and theBiblioteca Nacional in 1869.

15. Reglamento de la Biblioteca Pública del Azuay (Cuenca: Imp. de la Universidad, por M.

Vintimilla, 1890; 6 pp.)16. Vols. 2 and 3 not seen by the authors.

17. Alonso Altamirano refers to three numbers, but the present author has only been able to verifythe publication of two: “La bibliotecología en el Ecuador,” Anuario bibliográfico ecuatoriano1975 (entry 17), p. 14.

18. For an objective evaluation of the archbishop historian’s historical contributions, see GeorgeA. Brubaker, “Federico González Suárez, Historian of Ecuador,” Journal of Inter-American Affairs 5:2 (Apr. 1963): 235–248.

19. The serial in question has several variant titles. Apparently it has not yet been assigned auniform title; it began life as Revista del IDIS: revista del Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales dela Universidad de Cuenca (I.D.I.S.). No. 1 (1975)–. Cuenca: IDIS, 1975–.

20. On the history of moving pictures in Ecuador see Teresa Vásquez, Mercedes Serrano, andWilma Granda Noboa, Cronología de la cultura cinematográfica (1849-1986), Serie Historia delcine en el Ecuador, no. 1. (Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana "Benjamín Carrión" :Cinemateca Nacional, 1987; 101 pp.); and Wilma Granda Noboa, El cine silente en Ecuador (1895-1935) (Quito: UNESCO, 1995; 167 pp.)

21. The surviving issues that are known have been reprinted as: El Eco del Azuay, Colección de

periódicos ecuatorianos, 3 (Quito: Banco Central del Ecuador, 1993; xliv, 167 pp.). Includesintroductory studies by Alberto Muñoz Vernaza, “El primer periódico del Azuay” (pp. xiii–xxvii)and César Dávila Andrade, “El combatiente sedentario (Fray Vicente Solano) (pp. xxix–xli), andmodel indexes by Miguel Díaz Cueva (pp. 99–166).

22. Not seen by the authors.

23. The authors have been unable to ascertain the other titles in this series.


25. Founded in 1972.26. Apparently updated by Cristina Carrión, Ecuador; América Latina; Trabajos realizados conla participación del ORSTOM; Repertorio bibliográfico de los documentos y libros disponiblesen la biblioteca de la Misión ORSTOM en el Ecuador = Équateur; Amérique Latine; Travauxrealisés avec la participation de l’ORSTOM; Répertoire bibliographique des documents et ouvrages disponibles à la bibliothèque de la Mission ORSTOM en Équateur (Quito: ORSTOM,1996; 115 pp.). Not seen by the authors.



27. Not seen by the authors. Held only by the New York Public Library, according to OCLC andRLIN, and therefore not available through interlibrary loan.

28. See also Guevara’s critique of Carvalho-Neto’s “Bibliografía del folklore ecuatoriano”(entries 65–66) in Humanitas, 5:1 (1964): 135–138.

29. Vols. 2–3 appeared in 1952, and vols. 4–5 in 1953.

30. Not seen by the authors. Apparently not available through interlibrary loan.

31. See also Ecuador en la investigación francesa, años 80 (Toulouse: GRAL/CEDOCAL-Université de Toulouse II-Le Mirail; Quito: Ediciones Abya-Yala, 1992. 1 unpaginated vol.),which consists of “fichas documentales ... [realizadas] conjuntamente [por] el GRAL (Grupo deInvestigación sobre América Latina del CNRS) y el CEDOCAL (Centro de EstudiosDocumentarios sobre América Latina).” Not only is Ecuador en la investigación francesa not paginated, it is not indexed, and the “fichas” do not appear in any discernable order whatsoever.Therefore, although it is comprised of bibliographic data, Ecuador en la investigación francesadoes not constitute a bibliography.

32. See also León’s “Bibliografía sobre paragonimiasis humana en el Ecuador: 1922 á 1979,” Revista ecuatoriana de medicina y ciencias biológicas, 16:2 (1980): 125–130.


34. Not seen by the authors; not available through interlibrary loan. No more instalments wereissued according to the Indice general de la Revista municipal: órgano oficial del M.I. Concejode Guayaquil: sumario de sus series durante los años 1925 al 1938 (Guayaquil: Imprenta iTalleres Municipales, [1938?]).

35. There is also an earlier but unpublished bibliography of SIL works on Ecuador: Mary RitchieKay, Bibliography II: Indian Tribes of Peru and Ecuador ([Austin?]: Summer Institute of Linguistics, [1964?]; 38 leaves).

36. Although there do not appear to be more recent bibliographies on SIL publications onEcuador—probably because of the Institute’s expulsion from the country in 1981, see their: Microfiche Catalog: Publications of the Summer Institute of Linguistics (Dallas, Texas:Academic Publications Department, Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1993); and Summer Instituteof Linguistics, International Publications Catalog (Dallas, 1995). The latter is supposed to be“reissued every three years.”


38. See also Bonifacio Muñoz, Catálogo especial de obras de autores nacionales de la Librería“Sucre” (Quito: Tipografía de la “Prensa Católica,” 1916; 48 pp.).

39. Fierro Benítez, Carrera, and Revelo Rosero, Bibliografía científica médica ecuatoriana publicada en el exterior (entry 109), pp. xiv–xvi; personal communication of Edgar Freire Rubio,



20 July 2002.

40. There is also a partial Ecuadorian edition under the same title that never circulated: Cuenca:Ediciones del Departamento de Extensión Cultural del Consejo, 1973. 112 pp. That is to say, it began to be printed in Ecuador but was left unfinished upon Norris’s departure from the country.

The only known copy is in the Biblioteca Miguel Díaz Cueva in Cuenca.41. Also published in a somewhat updated version together with a substantially reduced,minimally updated bibliography as “La actual historiografía ecuatoriana y ecuatorianista” and“Bibliografía temática” in Antología de historia, Jorge Núñez, compilador (Quito: FLACSO,Sede-Ecuador: ILDIS, Fundación Friedrich Mera, 2000): 3–48, 51–61.

42. An interesting derivative of Ojeda is Cecilia Ortiz’s checklist of “La prensa oficial(1830–1940),” Memoria, MARKA, Instituto de Historia y Antropología Andina, 1 (nov. 1990):257–262. Unfortunately, neither Ojeda nor Ortiz indicate where specific newspapers may be seen, but insofar as the city of Quito is concerned, Ortiz notes that the most complete and best

maintained repositories are the Archivo-Biblioteca de la Función Legislativa, the BibliotecaEcuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit,” and the Hemeroteca del Banco Central del Ecuador.

43. The same used to hold true for Great Britain. See, for example, David A. Preston’smimeographed, virtually impossible to obtain Ecuador, the Physical and Social Background: ASelected, Critical Bibliography (Leeds: Department of Geography, University of Leeds, 1965; 13leaves).

44. Not seen by the authors. Not available through interlibrary loan.

45. For a partial update to Bueno and Rolando, see item 95.

46. See also Rolando’s Conozca usted lo que fué el general Sr. don Eloy Alfaro (Guayaquil:Universidad de Guayaquil, Departamento de Publicaciones, 1958; 147 pp.).

47. N.B. Costeños and serranos in Ecuador frequently differ in orthography, especially in thespelling of names.

48. For an update on urban poverty in the country see Mauricio León and Rob Vos, La pobrezaurbana en el Ecuador, 1988-1998: mitos y realidades (Quito: Frente Social Sistema Integrado deIndicadores Sociales del Ecuador:Ediciones Abya-Yala, 2000; x, 86 pp.).

49. N.B. This is a fifteen, not a 115, page list of references as reported erroneously in several, but

not all, of the six OCLC and eight RLIN records of The Antiquities of Manabi.

50. Guayaquil: Tip. Gutenberg, 1906; 58 pp.

51. Supersedes the bibliography of 763 references in the author’s Mamíferos del Ecuador , SerieMamíferos del Ecuador publicación especial, 2 (Quito: Museo de Zoología, Pontificia UniversidadCatólica del Ecuador: SIMBIOE, 1999).



52. Reprinted by Pablo Herrera in Antología de prosistas ecuatorianos, 2 vol. (Quito: Impr. delGobierno, 1895–1896), 1:304–316. Juan Freile Granizo errs in stating that Herrera wasresponsible for the initial publication of the “Catálogo de algunos escritores”: “Notas para unaintroducción a Juan de Velasco,” Historia del Reino de Quito en la América Meridional , 3vols.,(Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1977–1979), 1:13.

53. Includes contributions by Carlos Paladines on “La educación en el Ecuador: de GarcíaMoreno a Eloy Alfaro” (pp. 37–71) and Jorge Luis Gómez on “Los institutos normales y laMisión Pedagógica Alemana de 1914" (pp. 73–81).

54. Chaves apparently saw only the 1894 vol. for 1893.

55. Karus Watink’ is the Shuar name of the Salesian priest Juan Carlos Zanutto.

56. Excluding the 1959, 1948, and 1936 “editions” of Jorge Icaza’s En las calles, Huairapamushca, and Huasipungo, included by Woodbridge simply because they featureglossaries.

57. For example, he begins by stating that his article is the fourth in a continuation of Nichols’s A Bibliographical Guide to Materials for the Study of American Spanish (Cambridge: HarvardUniversity Press, 1941) whereas the true title of this work is A Bibliographical Guide to Materials on American Spanish and the statement of responsibility reads “edited for theCommittee on Latin American Studies of the American Council of Learned Societies by MadalineW. Nichols.” Therefore Nichols was the editor, not the author of the book in question asWoodbridge implies.





by


ADDED AUTHOR INDEX1

Abad, Gonzalo, 35

Abad Gómez, Rodrigo, 224

Abad R., Enrique, 21Alcántara Sáez, Manuel, 130

Almirande, Iván Antonio, 260

Altamirano, Mary, 54

Altamirano, Matilde, 54

Altamirano Silva, Alonso (1936–), 16–18

Alvarez, Aurelio, 247

Alvear, Alfredo, 54

Andrade, Marco, 248

Arboleda, Gustavo R. (1881–1938), 71, 72

Artes Centro Cultural (Quito, Ecuador), 307

Arnold Agricultural Credit Library, 37

Banco Central del Ecuador (Cuenca, Ecuador).

Centro de Investigación y Cultura, 19, 33, 108Base de Datos Bibliográficos del Sector

Agropecuario del Ecuador, 110

Bejarano de Núñez, Carmen, 240

Belote, Linda Smith, 27

Bethell, Leslie, 22, 96, 97

Biblioteca, Centro Nacional de Información en

Cencias Jurídicas y Administración de

Justicia, 109

Biblioteca de Autores Nacionales “Carlos A.

Rolando,” 200

Biblioteca General de la Universidad Central del

Ecuador, 16–18, 30

Biblioteca Municipal de Guayaquil (Ecuador),123

Biblioteca Municipal de Quito (Ecuador), 29

Biblioteca Nacional del Ecuador, 121, 122

Board of the Cartagena Agreement, 110

Borja,Cristina, 194

Bottasso, Juan, 310

Bravo, Julián G. (1919–), 46

Breilh, Alfredo, 35

Breilh, Jaime, 126

Cabieses, Fernando, 93

Cámara Ecuatoriana del Libro, 199Carbo, Pedro (1813–1895), 71, 72

Cardozo, Armando, 226

Caro, Rafael, 279

Carrera, Blanca, 98

Carrera, Magdalena de, 128

Carrillo, Carmen, 7

Cartagenova, Carlos A. (1965–), 46

Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 54

Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana “Benjamín

Carrión,” 71

Castillo, Abel Romeo (1904–1996), 101

Centre de développement de l’OCDE, 36

Centro de Documentación de CIESPAL [CentroInternacional de Estudios Superiores de

Comunicación para América Latina], 78

Centro de Investigaciones CIUDAD, 81

Centro de Investigación, Planificación y

Tecnología Educativas (Ecuador), 31, 249

Centro de Rehabilitación de Manabí (Ecuador),

242

Centro Panamericano de Estudios e

Investigaciones Geográficas, 83

Ceriola, Juan B., 71, 72

Cevallos Gualpa, Edgar, 61

Chaves, Alfredo (1902–1963), 68

CIESPAL, 85Cinemeteca Nacional del Ecuador, 77

Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología

(Ecuador), 110

Contreras, Jackeline, 273

Cordero Iñiguez, Juan, 224

Cooperación Técnica Alemana See: Deutsche

Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit

Córtez Miranda, Lucila, 64



Crespo, Laura de, 68

Crespo Cordero, Bernarda, 91

Davis-Mwelwn, Gayle, 32

Decoster, Jean-Jacques, 169

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische

Zusammenarbeit, 60

Díaz Cueva, Miguel, 61Echeverría, Julio, 1

Ecuador. Ministerio de Educación Pública, 121

Ecuador. Ministerio de Hacienda y Crédito

Público, 231

Espinosa, Ximena, 54

Estrella, Eduardo (1941–1996), 93, 126

Finot, N., 138

Fundación Natura (Quito, Ecuador), 52

Garcés G., Jorge A. (1903–1975), 4

Gondard, Pierre, 156

Grijalva de Dávila, Adriana, 287

Guerra Bravo, Samuel (1947–), 141, 287

Gutiérrez, René L., 313, 314Hambleton, Elizabeth, 84

Hemeroteca del Banco Central del Ecuador, 106

Hernández, Margarita, 294

Hidalgo, Flor María, 127

Instituto Ecuatoriano Forestal y de Areas

Naturales y Vida Silvestre, 60

Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones

Agropecuarias (Ecuador), 110

Jácome, Nicanor, 35

Janda, Kenneth, 177

Jiménez Carrión, Darwin, 53

Job, J.O., 138

Junta Nacional de Planificación y Coordinación

Económica (Ecuador), 11, 12, 168, 201, 242

Junta Nacional de Planificación y Coordinación

Económica (Ecuador). Sección de

Investigaciones Sociales, 35

Land Tenure Center Library, 107

Lanning, Zaida, 156

Larrea Holguín, Juan (1927–), 180

León, Juan, 98

Llerena, José Alfredo (1912–1977), 80

Llumiquinga Nieto, Martha, 46

Marchán Romero, Carlos, 287

Martínez A., Guillermina, 102Meier, Peter C. (1942–), 241

Menéndez-Carrión, Amparo (1949–), 1

Mieles V., María Eugenia, 233

Miller, Ruby M., 218

Moncayo, Patricio, 35

Montenegro Cárdenas, Rafael, 235

Mora Castro, Diego, 224

Muñoz, Gretha, 35

Naranjo, Alicia, 35

Ohio State University. Agricultural Finance

Center, 37

Oleas Montalvo, Julio, 167

Organization for Economic Cooperation and

Development (Paris, Francia). Development

Centre. See: Centre de développement de

l’OCDEO.R.S.T.O.M (Agencia: France), 138

Ortiz, Patricia, 248

Oviedo P., Marcía P., 245

Parra Gil, Francisco, 207

Patrimonio Fílmico Nacional (Ecuador), 77

Pino Roca, José Gabriel (1875–1931), 71, 72

Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador.

Departamento de Ciencias Geográficas, 145

Prieto Ochoa, Emma, 33

Quesada, Margarita G. de, 102

Proyecto EBI, 264

Proyecto “Sistema Subregional de Selección y

Transferencia de Tecnología,” 110Prumers, Heiko, 170

Red Latinoamericana de Información y

Documentación en Educación-Ecuador, 31,

249

REDUC. See: Red Latinoamericana de

Información y Documentación en

Educación-Ecuador

Reichenfeld, C., 138

Reitzenstein, Wolfgang von, 60

Revelo Rosero, Jorge, 127, 128

Rodríguez, Gustavo, 220

Roggiero, Roberto, 220

Rolando, Carlos A. (1881–1969), 38, 225

Salazar, Blanca Cecilia, 294

Salazar-Pöppel, Amalia, 243

Samaniego Ponce, Pablo, 241

Sánchez, Luis Alberto (1900–1994), 240

Sánchez, Monica, 94

Sánchez, Nancy, 274

Sandoval, Fabián, 35

Serrano, Angel, 35

Silberglied, Robert E., 32

Simkin, Tom, 32

Snell, Heidi M., 32

Snell, Howard L., 32Solano Gallegos, Paúl, 235

Suárez, Esteban, 214

Torres León, Leonardo, 61

Trujillo, Jorge León, 24

Uchuari Arévalo, Ruben, 53

Union Française des Organismes, 36

United States Geological Survey, 84

Universidad Central del Ecuador. Instituto de

Estudios Administrativos, 34



Universidad de Cuenca (Ecuador). Instituto de

Investigaciones Sociales, 125

Universidad de Guayaquil (Ecuador). Instituto

de Investigaciones Económicas y Polticas, 120

Universität Kiel, 36

Vaca Bravo, Víctor H, 46

Vega y Vega, Wilson C. (1964–), 46

Verneau, René (1852–1938), 251

Vignard, G., 138

Zaldumbide, Gonzalo (1883–1965), 5

Zapater, Irving Iván, 10

Zuvekas, Clarence, 204, 205

SUBJECT INDEX2

Achuar Indians, 310

Achuar language, 87

Acosta Solís, Misael (1910–1994), 2

Afforestation – Environmental aspects, 157

Afroecuadorians, 65

Agrarian reform, 166, 226

Agricultural credit, 37Agriculture, 110, 146, 166

Agriculture – Economic aspects, 107, 219

Agriculture – Periodicals, societies, etc. – Union

lists, 245

Aguaruna language, 87

Alcedo y Bejarano, Antonio de (1736–1812), 5,

14

Alcina Franch, José, 247

Alfaro, Eloy (1842–1912), 257

Alvarez, Silvia G. (1953–), 247

Ambato – Imprints, 187, 188, 288

Amphibians, 221

Andes, 157, 214Andes region – History – 1522–1548, 151

Andrade, Roberto (1850–1938), 268

Anonymous works, 269

Antiquities, 6, 24, 158–164, 170, 180–182, 251,

283, 290–292

Antiquities – Theses – Canada, 196

Antiquities – Theses – United States, 196

Archivo-Biblioteca de la Función Legislativa –

Catalogs, 39

Artisans, 90, 241

Artistic societies, 143

Arts, Ecuadorian, 80

Aulestia, Leonardo R., 268Authors, Ecuadorian, 29, 38, 46, 49, 68, 69,

131–133, 173, 175, 200, 235, 259, 260

Authors, Ecuadorian – Cuenca, 91

Authors, Ecuadorian – Theses – United States,

272

Authors, Ecuadorian – Translations into foreign

languages, 8, 9

Avant guarde literature, 243

Azuay (Ecuador), 91, 116, 224

Azuay (Ecuador) – History, 125

Bermeo, Antonio (1903–1996), 302

Bibliography – Periodicals, 16–19, 30, 31, 53,

54, 108, 200, 249, 308

Bibliography of bibliographies, 7, 79, 148

Biblioteca de Autores Nacionales “Carlos A.Rolando” – Catalogs, 38, 200, 259, 260

Biblioteca de la Comisión Legislativa (Ecuador)

– Catalogs, 39

Biblioteca de la Facultad de Derecho de la

Universidad Central del Ecuador – Catalogs,

40

Biblioteca de la Superintendencia de Compañías

de Guayaquil (Ecuador) – Catalogs, 41

Biblioteca de la Superintendencia de Compañías

del Ecuador, “Dr. Ricardo Cornejo Rosales” –

Catalogs, 42

Biblioteca de Nicolás Espinosa Cordero –

Catalogs, 114Biblioteca del Centro de Investigaciones

CIUDAD – Catalogs, 274, 275, 281

Biblioteca del Club de la Unión – Catalogs, 43

Biblioteca del Instituto de Investigaciones

Económicas de la Universidad Central del

Ecuador – Catalogs, 44

Biblioteca del Convento de Santo Domingo

(Quito) – Catalogs, 233

Biblioteca del Maestro (Cuenca, Ecuador) –

Catalogs, 45

Biblioteca Ecuatoriana “Aurelio Espinosa Pólit”

– Catalogs, 46

Biblioteca “Jaramillo” de Escritos Nacionales – Catalogs, 175, 176

Biblioteca “Manuel María Muñoz Cueva” de la

Casa de la Cultura Ecuadoriana, Núcleo del

Azuay – Catalogs, 47

Biblioteca Médica del Hosp ital Luis Vernaza –

Catalogs, 48

Biblioteca Municipal de Guayaquil (Ecuador) –

Catalogs, 123



Biblioteca Nacional del Ecuador – Catalogs, 49,

50, 121, 122

Biblioteca Pública del Azuay (Ecuador) –

Catalogs, 51

Biological diversity conservation, 21, 52

Bolivia, 93, 140, 149, 165, 169, 178, 218, 236,

243, 316Bolivian newspapers, 284

Boloña, Pedro José (1850–1898), 262

Bonifaz Jijón, Emilio (1914–1994), 300

Book industries and trade, 199

Book industries and trade – Exhibitions,

21–123, 142

Bouchard, Jean-François, 247

Boundaries – Peru, 23, 278, 279

Boundaries – Peru – History, 23

Bravo, Julián G. (1919–), 305

Broadsides, 223

Campos, José Antonio (1868–1939), 267

Carrión, Benjamín (1897–1979), 277Cartography, 138

Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana – Catalogs, 68

Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del

Azuay – Catalogs, 235

Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana “Benjamín

Carrión” – Catalogs, 69

Catalogs, Union, 217, 245

Catechisms, 256

Catechisms, Quichua, 256

Cerda Esteve, Alejandro, 247

Chagas’s disease, 198

Chaves, Angel Polibio (1855–1930), 295

Children’s literature, Ecuadorian, 99

Chile, 218

Cities and towns – Study and teaching, 81

Colleges and universities – History, 244

Colombia, 97, 178, 311

Colonization and settlement, 226

Comisión Legislativa. Biblioteca – Catalogs, 37

Communication, 78, 85

Communication – Latin America, 85

Cordero, Luis (1833–1912) 115, 116, 261

Corporation law, 105

Corte Suprema de Justicia, 109

Crespo Toral, Remigio (1860–1939), 271Crops – Andes region, 110

Cuban literature, 240

Cuenca – History, 116

Cuenca – Imprints, 91, 174, 288

Data bases, 83

Descalzi, César Ricardo (1912–1990), 297

Description and travel, 14, 57, 84, 138, 145,

237, 276, 307, 315

Destruge, Camilo (1863–1929), 101

Early works to 1830, 4, 5, 15, 50, 55, 64, 71–73,

102, 111, 112–114, 116, 117, 139, 187, 188,

215, 216, 233, 288, 306, 309

Economic conditions, 11, 12, 35, 36, 41, 42, 44,

57, 106, 167, 178, 287, 293

Economic conditions – Statistics, 168

Economic history, 167, 208, 287Ecuador, 16–19, 29, 30, 33, 38, 46, 49, 54, 68,

69, 92, 108, 121–123, 131–133, 140, 142,

150, 158–164, 169, 175, 180–182, 195,

199–201, 218, 222, 228, 235, 236, 259, 260,

283, 308, 311

Ecuadorian Studies – France, 138, 195, 230

Ecuadorian Studies – Germany, 230

Ecuadorian Studies – Spain, 230, 247

Ecuadorian Studies – United States, 228, 230

Education, 31, 249

El Oro, 156

Environment, 194

Ephemera, 223Esmeraldas – Antiquities, 6

Espejo, Eugenio (1747–1795), 309

Espinosa, José Modesto (1833–1915), 261

Espinosa Pólit, Aurelio (1894–1961), 270

Estrada Ycaza, Julio (1917–1993), 301

Ethnography, 6, 158–164, 180–182, 232,

290–292

Ethnography – Theses – Canada, 196

Ethnography – Theses – United States, 196

Farm produce – Andes region, 110

Fauna, 21, 52, 289

Flor Vásconez, José Joaquín (d. 1991), 303

Flora, 21, 52

Flores, Antonio (1833–1915), 261

Folk art, 90

Folklore, 65–67, 144

Foreign relations – Peru, 23, 279

Galápagos, 20, 32, 127, 179

Gangotena y Jijón, Cristóbal (1884–1954), 183

García Moreno, Gabriel (1831–1875), 184

Geographers, 14

Geology, 56, 84, 285

Germans, 307

González Suárez, Federico (1844–1917), 58, 59,

95, 254Government publications, 217, 227

Guayaquil – Imprints, 71, 72, 100, 101, 288

Guayaquil – Urban planning, 252

Guinea Bueno, Mercedes, 247

Herpetology, 221

Historiography, 230

History, 33, 92, 125, 150, 180–182, 185, 201,

229, 230

History – 1532–1810, 64, 113, 116, 117, 151,



244, 306

History – 1895–1925, 62, 96

History – 19th century, 96, 97, 143

History – 20th century, 22, 96, 143

Huambisa language, 87

Humboldt, Alexander von, 1769–1859, 86, 307

Incas, 314Income distribution, 204, 205

Indians, 26, 60, 66, 67, 158–163, 180–182, 196,

232, 312

Indians – Languages, 87, 182, 212, 213, 234

Indians of South America, 232

Industry, 129

Informal sector (Economics), 220, 239

Information science, 83

Jesuits, 282

Jesuits – Missions, 25

Jijón y Caamaño, Jacinto (1890–1950), 189

Jivaran languages, 87

La Tolita / Tumaco Site, 164Latin America – Early works to 1830, 4, 50,

102, 111, 112, 114, 210, 216

Laviana Cuetos, María Luisa, 247

Law, 39, 40, 82, 153, 190–193

Law – Azuay, 224

Liberalism, 62

Library science, 7

Librería Sucre (Quito, Ecuador) – Catalogs, 222

Lima – Imprints, 187

Linguistics, 182, 212, 213, 234

Literary societies, 143

Literature, 152, 240, 243, 250, 255, 313

Literature – Periodicals, 152

Literature – Theses – United States, 272

Loja (City), 124

Loja (Province), 27, 124, 156

Machado, Andrés (1850–1926), 262

Maldonado, Pedro Vicente (1710–1748), 14

Mammals, 289

Manabí, 242

Marcos, Jorge G. (1932–), 247

Mariana de Jesús, Saint (1618-1645), 186

Márquez, Ezequiel (1852–1938), 209

Márquez Tapia, Ricardo (1886–1970), 209

Martínez, Eduardo N. (1912–1992), 299Martínez Aguirre, Francisco J., 262

Mary, Blessed Virgin, Saint, 55

Medicine, 48, 93, 119, 126, 128, 207, 258

Modernism (Literature), 152

Montalvo, Juan (1832–1889), 116, 225, 266

Morona-Santiago, 156

Motion pictures – Catalogs, 77

Muñoz Vega, Pablo (1903–1994), 28

Natural ar eas – Bibliography, 21, 52

Natural resources, 2

Naval history, 238

Newspapers, 47, 122, 136, 137, 231, 263–265,

284

Newspapers – 19th century, 10

Newspapers – Cuenca – 19th century, 13

Newspapers – Guayaquil, 71–75, 100, 101, 211 Newspapers – Ibarra, 206

Newspapers – Loja, 253

Olmedo, José Joaquín (1780–1847). Canto a

Bolívar , 70

Oriente, 23, 60, 248

Oriente – History, 25

Ortiz, Adalberto (1914–), 286

Palop Martínez, Josefina, 247

Pamphlets, 287

Páramos, 157, 214

Pareja Diezcanseco, Alfredo (1908–1993), 296

Pasillos, 246

Patriota de Guayaquil , 71–73Peralta, José (1855–1937), 62, 63

Pérez Calama, José (1740–1793), 309

Periodicals, 47, 122, 143, 176, 217

Periodicals – Guayaquil, 100, 101

Periodicals – Union lists, 217

Peru, 140, 149, 156, 165, 169, 178, 218, 236,

316

Peru – Foreign relations – Ecuador, 23, 278, 279

Peru – History – 16th century, 151

Peruvian newspapers, 284

Philosophy, 3, 76

Physical geography, 138, 145

Pólit Laso, Manuel María (1862–1932), 118

Political participation, 281

Political parties, 130, 177

Politics and government, 35, 39, 44, 57, 125,

201

Politics and government – 1830–1895, 61, 141,

184, 225, 266

Politics and government – 1895–1925, 62, 257,

268

Politics and government – 1925–, 1, 22, 130,

177

Population, 98, 149

Population – History, 149Population – Statistics, 149, 168

Postage-stamps, 134

Printing – History, 280, 288

Printing – Guayaquil – History, 71–73, 100, 101

Proaño, Daniel Enrique (1850–1943), 262

Proaño, Manuel José (1835–1918), 154

Proaño, Juan Félix (1850–1938), 262

Proaño Villalba, Leónidas (1910–1988), 135

Public administration, 34



Pseudonyms, 265, 269

Quichua language, 234

Quito – Imprints, 172, 188, 288

Quito – Urban development, 275

Rejistro Municipal (Guayaquil, Ecuador), 147

Reptiles, 221

Roca, Francisco María (1786–1846), 71–73Rocafuerte, Vicente (1783–1847), 141

Rural conditions, 204, 205, 226, 294

Rural development, 294

Rural poor, 204, 205

Saraguro Indians, 27

Science, 53

Science – Azuay, 116

Shuar Indians, 310

Shuar language, 87

Small business, 94

Social conditions, 11, 12, 35, 57, 195, 201, 311

Social conditions – Statistics, 168

Social history, 287Solano, Vicente (1781–1865), 61, 103

Spanish language, 234, 316

Summer Institute of Linguistics, 212, 213

Theater, 202, 203

Tobar Donoso, Julio (1894–1981), 298

Traditional medicine, 93

Translations into foreign languages, 8, 9

Universidad Central del Ecuador. Biblioteca

General – Catalogs, 111, 112

Universidad de Cuenca (Ecuador). “BibliotecaJuan Bautista Vázquez” – Catalogs, 102

Universidad de Guayaquil (Ecuador). Biblioteca

de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas –

Catalogs, 293

Urban conditions, 81, 239

Urban poor, 220, 239, 274

Vargas, José María (1902–1988), 89, 304

Vásquez, Honorato (1855–1933), 88, 104, 171

Velasco, Juan de (1727–1792), 13

Venezuela, 97, 178, 311

Ventura i Oller, Montserrat, 247

Villavicencio, Manuel (1804–1871), 14

Violence, 1Women, 155, 165, 273

Zaldumbide, Julio (1833–1887), 261

Zamora-Chinchipe, 156

CHRONOLOGICAL INDEX3

1885, 306

1890, 51

1891, 15, 51

1892, 15, 51, 139, 3091893, 308

1894, 308

1895, 308

1904, 215, 216

1907, 283

1913, 259

1920, 222, 265

1921, 5, 210

1922, 251

1924, 100

1925, 58, 100, 137, 173

1926, 58, 136, 292

1927, 207, 237, 290

1928, 254

1 29, 291

1931, 171, 285

1932, 175, 266

1933, 43, 45, 115, 123, 211, 261

1934, 113, 114, 116, 172, 234, 250, 265

1935, 154, 280

1936, 20

1937, 24, 278

1938, 38

1939, 73, 174, 267, 268

1939–1948, 2001940, 64, 121, 174

1941, 122, 223, 231, 256, 269

1942, 80, 142

1943, 59, 118

1944, 255

1945, 284

1946, 197

1947, 48, 82, 187, 188, 227, 260, 263

1948, 253

1948–1953, 180

1949, 14, 25, 164

1950, 13, 48, 262

1952, 117, 181

1953, 176, 258

1954, 9, 39, 144, 183, 185

1955, 44, 104, 264

1956, 8, 72, 288

1957, 8, 40, 79, 271

1958, 79, 236, 257

1959, 29, 50, 86, 282

1960, 111, 179, 316



1.The numbers in the indices refer to entries, not to pages.

2.Ecuador has not been added to thematic headings or place names. By itself Ecuador refers to

general works (i.e, bibliographies that cover multiple aspects of Ecuadorian Studies).

3.In the case of serials, it should be noted that the year of publication was/is not necessarily the

same as the year of issue. Both the 1993 (LXXVI) and 1994 (LXXVII) vols. of the Boletín de la

Academia Nacional de Historia, for example, did not actually appear until 1998.

1961, 270

1962, 70, 240

1963, 65, 112, 232

1964, 4, 66

1965, 4, 67, 68, 103

1966, 225

1967, 34, 37, 54, 2091968, 84, 160, 163, 177, 182

1969, 190

1970, 57, 75, 186, 191, 315

1971, 74, 161, 207, 226, 228, 311

1972, 2, 107, 161, 201, 208, 276

1973, 35, 161, 217, 245

1974, 6, 149, 162, 168, 192

1975, 30, 147, 153, 184

1976, 12, 16, 30

1977, 11, 49, 189, 293

1978, 7, 17, 120, 125, 229, 242, 310

1979, 76, 105, 140, 178, 204, 294

1979–1982, 1081980, 69, 90, 178, 198, 212

1981, 18, 42, 56, 152, 159, 170, 249, 275

1982, 31, 71, 101, 166, 202, 221

1983, 3, 41, 53, 55, 95, 124, 141, 199, 205, 283

1984, 10, 87, 99, 129, 159, 203, 241, 252

1984–1991, 19

1985, 36, 88, 97, 98, 134, 151, 159, 213, 279

1986, 28, 85, 96, 138, 196, 219, 239

1987, 133, 159, 312, 314

1988, 62, 63, 89, 94, 119, 146, 165, 272, 273

1989, 91, 92, 110, 167, 307, 313

1989–<1999>, 461990, 47, 135, 145, 194, 218, 304

1990–<1996>, 132

1991, 22, 33, 169, 224, 287, 297

1992, 23, 78, 220, 233, 248

1993, 21, 61, 106, 131, 193, 238, 296, 299, 303

1994, 1, 21, 52, 60, 81, 230, 235, 244, 274, 298,

300–302

1995, 22, 96, 97, 126, 128, 195, 247

1996, 32, 83, 305

1997, 26, 102, 127, 246, 295

1998, 93, 157, 277, 281

1999, 109, 156, 214, 243

2000, 77, 130, 150, 155, 2892001, 27, 143, 148

2002, 150

NOTES




BOOK REVIEWS

Steven L. Rubenstein, Alejandro Tsakimp: A Shuar Healer in the Margins of History, Fourth

World Rising (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2002). xxv + 322 pp. $70.00 (cloth);$24.95 (paper).

Review by Marc Becker ([email protected]), Truman State University

Alejandro Tsakimp is a Shuar shaman born in the 1940s, who lives and works in the Ecuadorian

Amazon. In 1988, Steven Rubenstein was a 26-year-old anthropology graduate student from

New York City interested in studying conflict between shamanism and Shuar Federation leaders.

This book, based on Rubenstein’s dissertation field research, undertaken between 1988 and 1992,

excels in its analysis of the encounters between Tsakimp’s and Rubenstein’s very different worlds

as it extends far beyond that initial topic to touch on a wide variety of themes, including some of

the moral and political dilemmas inherent in ethnographic research.

The book is organized into three parts. The first part (“Introductions”) establishes the setting for

the study. As the title implies (“In the margins of history”), Rubenstein examines how scholars

have traditionally understood and portrayed the Shuar and places his work within that context. In

particular, he questions the portrayal in classic studies such as Rafael Karsten’s 1935 The

Headhunters of Western Amazonas and M.W. Stirling’s 1938 Historical and Ethnological

Material on the Jívaro Indians of the Shuar as the most warlike people in South America.

Rather, Rubenstein examines how Shuar violence is a response to state aggression (pp. 29-30).

Building on these ideas, Rubenstein takes his analysis well beyond the now well-worn but

curiously persistent constructions of Indians as noble savages. He does not present a romanticimage of the Shuar; instead, he engages the complexities of human interactions. Rubenstein

recognizes both shamans and Federation leaders as humans complete with their flaws and failures

together with their successes. He touches on issues of identity, authority, and political

representation, including the theme of who has and gains the authenticity and legitimacy to speak

for the Shuar (p. 43). In his sensationalistic 1995 book Savages, Joe Kane examined the

complexity of these issues for the Huaorani, and it would have been interesting to pursue further

these same issues for the Shuar in the context of a scholarly book. Unlike Kane, Rubenstein is

sensitive to the political implications of deconstructing these struggles which limits his willingness

to criticize his friends and hosts. As the series editors note in an afterword, “anthropologists have

talked about ‘deconstructing’ each other’s and their informants’ texts as if it were a kind of game”

without the recognition that this practice can pull “apart people’s families and social lives” (p.

255). Rubenstein does not seek personal and short-term academic gains at the risk of harming the

Shuar’s political struggles.

Rubenstein notes that he quickly realized that his initial intent to study conflicts between shamans

and political leaders as a clash between tradition and modernity was overly simplistic (p. 12).

Although rarely applied as an analytical model to indigenous struggles in Ecuador, “Red Power”



Indian rights movements in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s often inverted the social

dynamics of activists’ relationship to their broader culture as compared to other contemporary

social movements. Unlike leaders of civil rights and anti-war movements in the 1960s, Indian

activists presented themselves as conservative traditionalists bent on preserving their culture while

the modernizing progressives were “Uncle Toms” willing to sell out tribal interests to the

dominant culture. Rubenstein notes the complexities of interactions between “subversive” and“conservative” stances toward culture, political organization, and the government, and it would be

interesting for other students of Ecuador’s indigenous movements to reflect as well on these

dynamics.

What really interests Rubenstein and truly motivates this study is the issue of shamanism and the

role it plays in Shuar culture. He notes that it was Michael Harner’s 1972 book on Shuar

shamans Jívaro: People of the Sacred Waterfalls that inspired him to study the Shuar.

Rubenstein maintains that Harner’s depiction of the Shuar, based on field research conducted in

the late 1950s, is largely accurate. Instead of challenging or rewriting that work, he extends his

analysis into new areas which often results in interesting observations. For example, Rubenstein

describes how the interactions between Shuar shamans with shamans from other parts of Ecuador results in a type of syncretic shamanism (even though he does not use that term). The impact of

globalization on shamanism is a fascinating topic that would be worthy of further study.

The second part (“His Stories”) comprises about half of the text of the book, and consists almost

exclusively of edited transcripts of interviews that Rubenstein conducted with Alejandro Tsakimp

between May 1990 and July 1991. Rubenstein makes it clear that the purpose of this life story is

not to present a linguistic analysis of the Shuar language or a study of Shuar narrative structures,

and instead points readers to Janet Hendricks’ excellent 1993 To Drink of Death for such

material. Instead, a series of eight chapters touches on a wide variety of themes, including familial

relations, marriage, death, religion, and disease. It is unclear how some of these topics (like lying)

relate to the book’s theme. One might also legitimately wonder whether Tsakimp should be listedas a co-author inasmuch as approximately half of the book consists of the shaman’s “stories.”

Indeed, it would be interesting to see how the book would have differed had Tsakimp been a full

co-author.

This section of the book includes two lengthy chapters on shamans and the Shuar Federation. As

with the rest of this section, the material is presented from Tsakimp’s perspective, a middle-age

male somewhat at odds with Shuar Federation leadership. This leads to almost incidental asides

which would be fascinating themes for further analysis. For example, in a solitary paragraph

Tsakimp mentions differences between male and female shamans (p. 148). Although Rubenstein

later notes cultural norms which limited his contact with Shuar women, it would be intriguing to

explore the issue of female shamans. As far as I know, little work has been done on this topic.

Similarly, Rubenstein hints at themes related to the political organization of the Shuar that present

themselves as important topics for further study. For example, scholars often present the

formation of the Shuar Federation in 1964 as the first indigenous organization in Ecuador

(mistakenly, I would argue, since in 1926 Jesús Gualavisí had already organized the Sindicato de

Trabajadores Campesinos de Juan Montalvo in Cayambe). What led to the formation of the



federation? How does it work? What role do women play in these politics? Rubenstein mentions

splits within the Shuar Federation and different leadership styles, but it would be interesting to

learn more about this. Rubenstein spent many hours interviewing Federation leaders and he

mentions other studies that he has in preparation. Hopefully in time he will give these themes

their due consideration.

In all fairness, in the concluding section (“The Return”) Rubenstein reflects on why it might not be

politically wise to pursue such topics. He notes how anthropological field research may likely

embarrass or compromise the Shuar Federation (p. 246). Indeed, such sensitivity to the potential

political implications of this study is admirable. In many ways, this final section of the book with

its reflections on colonial relations, elite privileges, and the role of informants in anthropological

field research is the most compelling part of the book.

Rubenstein’s book is a fascinating study of Shuar culture, and makes an important contribution to

the growing body of literature on this ethnic group.



Ecuadorian Studies / Estudios ecuatorianos No. 2 (Nov. 2002)

CONTRIBUTORS

MARC BECKER is an assistant professor of Latin American History at Truman State University

in Kirksville, Missouri where he teaches courses on ethnic identities, revolutions, and peasants.He has published articles in The Americas and Rethinking Marxism, and has a forthcoming book on the history of Indian and peasant movements in twentieth-century Ecuador.

MIGUEL DÍAZ CUEVA (1919–) took his doctorate in law from the Universidad de Cuenca in1949. He was a functionary of the Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Guayas, between1946 and 1970, and the founding director of the Archivo Nacional de Historia, Sección delAzuay (1964). Díaz Cueva is the author of several major historical bibliographies, the mostsignificant of which are those on Honorato Vázquez (Bibliografía de Honorato Vázquez. CuencaCasa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Azuay, 1955) and Vicente Solano (Bibliografía deFray Vicente Solano . Cuenca Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, Núcleo del Azuay, 1965). His

most recent book, co-authored with Fernando Jurado Noboa, is Alfaro y su tiempo, 1ª ed.,Colección SAG, 118 (Quito Fundación Cultural del Ecuador, 1999).

MICHAEL T. HAMERLY (1940–) is a historian and a librarian. He holds a doctorate in historyand Latin American studies from the University of Florida and a master's degree in librarianshipfrom the University of Washington. A professor emeritus of the University of Guam, presentlyhe is assisting the John Carter Brown Library in the processing of its exceptionally strongcollection of Spanish American imprints of the colonial, independence, and early national periods. The author of several books and numerous articles, Hamerly's latest publication onEcuador is the first edition of Bibliography of Ecuadorian bibliographies (Austin, TexasSALALM Secretariat, Benson Latin American Collection, the University of Texas at Austin,

2001). He has been a contributing editor to the Handbook of Latin American Studies for severaldecades and is the founding editor of Ecuadorian Studies / Estudios ecuatorianos.



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