Bibliography

Primary Sources

"About the IWW." About the IWW. Industrial Workers of the World, Web. 12 Feb. 2016.

This site gave us some background information on the Industrial Workers of the World. We used this information to help support our thesis.

Altgeld, John P. "Anarchy and Its Remedy." ProQuest Historical Newspapers [ProQuest]. Chicago Daily Tribune, 11 Jan. 1895. Web. 11 Feb. 2016.

This source was used to see how/why some people thought that anarchy would benefit laborers during this time period.

Fielden, Samuel. "Fielden Autobiography." Fielden Autobiography. Anarchy Archives, 25 Sept. 1999. Web. 8 Jan. 2016.

This is an autobiography of Samuel Fielden. I used this to find out some background information on him.

"HADC - People's Exhibit 19, The Alarm (Newspaper) Article, "To the Workingmen of America," 1884 Nov. 1." HADC - People's Exhibit 19, The Alarm (Newspaper) Article, "To the Workingmen of America," 1884 Nov. 1. Chicago Historical Society, 1 Nov. 1884. Web. 8 Jan. 2016.

This was a combination of articles from an anarchist newspaper The Alarm. I used this to find information about the anarchists perspectives on the government.

"HADC - Testimony of Michael Schwab, 1886 Aug. 9." HADC - Testimony of Michael Schwab, 1886 Aug. 9. The Alarm, 9 Aug. 1886. Web. 8 Jan. 2016.

This is Michael Schwab's testimony at August Spies's case. I used this to find out more information about Schwab.

"Illinois Radical Against Anarchy." ProQuest Historical Newspapers [ProQuest]. Chicago Tribune, 10 Sept. 1901. Web. 11 Feb. 2016.

This newspaper talks about a radical case of anarchism and also about August Spies trial. I used this source to learn about other perspectives of anarchy.

"It Is Anarchy." ProQuest Historical Newspapers [ProQuest]. Chicago Tribune, 9 July 1894. Web. 11 Jan. 2016.

This source is a combination of other news sources discussing Eugene Debs, the Pullman strike, and anarchy. I used this source to gain more insight on people's opinions of anarchy.

Most, John, and Emma Goldman. "Anarchy Defended by Anarchists."Anarchy Defended by Anarchists. Dwardmac.pitzer.edu, 2009. Web. 10 June 2016.

This was used to find reasons for why anarchists were against the government.

Nelson, Bruce C. "Socialists,anarchists, and the Unions." Beyond the Martyrs: A Social History of Chicago's Anarchists, 1870-1900. New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 1988. 44-51. Print.

I used this book to find a connection between labor unions and anarchists.

Secondary Sources

"Anarchy in the U.S.Sacco and Vanzetti Subject of LC Lecture." Anarchy in the U.S. (September 18, 1995). Web. 6 Jan. 2016.

It gave information on what immigrants expected when they arrived to the US and how they used anarchism against it.

"City Life in the Late 19th Century." City Life in the Late 19th Century. Web. 10 Jan. 2016.

Gave background information on how family life was during the 19th century.

Dawley, Alan. "The International Working People's Association." The International Working People's Association. The Lucy Parson's Project, Web. 8 Jan. 2016.

This was about the founding of the Black International/IWPA. I used this to learn about the origins of the IWPA.

"Family Life, 19th-Century Families." 19th-Century Families. Web. 10 Jan. 2016.

This informed me on working life for immigrants and the lower class during the 19th century.

"Late Nineteenth." Late Nineteenth. Web. 10 Jan. 2016.

This source showed economic trends in the US and worker's condition. I used this information in the CIE.

"Life & Times 19th Century." Life & Times 19th Century. Web. 10 Jan. 2016.

This source gave information on how the relationship between upper classes and lower class was.

Nomad, Max. "THE PREACHER Johann Most, Terrorist of the Word."Johann Most. Apostles of Revolution, Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1939. Web. 8 Jan. 2016.

This is a biography of Johann Most, one of the anarchists who was a part of the IWPA. I used this to learn some background information about him.

"Propaganda of the Deed Law & Legal Definition." Propaganda of the Deed Law & Legal Definition. US Legal Web. 8 Jan. 2016.

This is a definition of the concept; Propaganda of the Deed. I used this source to familiarize myself with the concept since one of the anarchists I wrote about in the CIE encouraged this belief among people.

Simkin, John. "Albert Parsons." Spartacus Educational. Spartacus Educational, Aug. 2014. Web. 8 Jan. 2016.

This is a biography of Albert Parsons. This source also contains a few pieces of Parsons's writing. I used this to learn more about him.

Simkin, John. "August Spies" Spartacus Educational. Spartacus Educational, Aug. 2014. Web. 8 Jan. 2016.

This is a biography of August Spies. I used this to learn more about him. This source also contains a few speeches of Spies's.

"Teaching History.org, Home of the National History Education Clearinghouse." Innovation and Technology in the 19th Century. Web. 10 Jan. 2016.

Gave information on how technology advancements change the working life of labor workers.

"The Rise of Industrial America." The Rise of Industrial America. Web. 10 Jan. 2016.

Gave information on economy and political views of workers during the 19th century. (1877-1900s)