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BIBLIOGRAPHY
The authors are conscious of the fact that a bibliography on a subject as important and wide-ranging as post-war American foreign policy can at best be partial. What we have included here are volumes cited in the text, or which have been particularly useful.
Acheson, Dean, Present at the Creation (New York, 1969). Adams, Sherman, First Hand Report (London, 1962). Aldrich, Richard]., The Hidden Hand. Britain, America and Cold War
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Missile Crisis (New York, 1999). Ambrose, Stephen E., Eisenhower, Vol. 2: The President (New York,
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1962 (New York, 1987). Ambrose, Stephen E., Nixon: The Triumph ofaPolitician, 1962-1972
(New York, 1989). Ambrose, Stephen E., Nixon: Ruin and Recovery, 1973-1990 (New
York,1991). Andrew, C., For the President's Eyes Only (London, 1996). Anon. (ed.): Realism, Strength, Negotiation: Key Foreign Policy State
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W. (eds), America in Vietnam: A Documentary History (New York, 1985).
Ball, George, Diplomacy for a Crowded World (London, 1976). Beschloss, Michael R., Kennedy v. Kruschchev: The Crisis Years,
1960-63 (London, 1991).
307
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Bohlen, Charles E., The Transformation of American Foreign Policy (New York, 1969).
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Brandon, H., Special Relationships (London, 1988). Briggs, Philip J., Making American Foreign Policy (Lanham, 1994). Brogan, H., Kennedy (London, 1996). Brzezinski, Zbigniew, Power and Principle (New York, 1983). Buhite, R. D., Major Crises in Contemporary American Foreign Policy
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York, 1998). Byrnes, James F., Speaking Frankly (London, 1947). Calvocoressi, Peter, Survey of International Affairs 1947-1948
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1994). Crockatt, Richard, The Fifty Years War. The United States and the Soviet
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315
INDEX
Acheson, Dean, 9, 23, 25, 36, 45-6, Bay of Pigs, 91-5,107,114 Bazargan, Mehdi, 206-7 50,88,98,301
Adams, Gerry, 292 Adenauer,Konrad,28,101 Afghanistan, 207-9, 211, 214-15,
233, 236-7, 283, 298-9, 303 Africa, 105,201-2,215,265 Agnew, Spiro, 175 Aideed, Mohammed Farah, 263 Al Qaeda, 283 Albright, Madeline, 260-1, 285,
289-91 Allende, Salvador, 156 Alliance for Progress, 90 Andropov, Yuri, 216, 228-9, 240 Anglo-American Committee of
Inquiry, 36 Arafat, Vasser, 156,219-20,236,
288, 290-1 Aristide, Jean-Bertrand, 266 Assad, Hafiz al-, 174, 179 atomic bomb, 1, 17 Attlee, Clement, II, 15 Austen, Warren, 38 Austria, 70, 243
Baker,James, 239, 249, 256 Bakhtiar, Shahpour, 206 Ball, George, 109, 121, 128, 133,
194 Bandung conference, 66 Bangladesh, 165 Barak, Ehud, 290 Barre, Said, 262-4 Batista, Fulgencio, 13,82
Begin, Menachem, 195-8,219-21 Benes, Edvard, 39 Ben-Gurion, David, 38, 73 Berger, Sandy, 261, 264, 285 Berlin, 40-1, 82, 94-5, 97-101,
120, 165, 237, 243-4 Berlin Airlift, 40-1 Bevin, Ernest, 15, 26, 40 Bidault, Georges, 26 Bissell, Richard, 93 Bosnia, 258, 267-71 Brezhnev Doctrine, 142, 228, 236,
244 Brezhnev, Leonid, 166, 173, 177,
181-2, 186, 189, 191,201-2, 208, 216
Brown, Ron, 260 Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 188, 190,
192, 200, 205-6, 260 Bundy, McGeorge, 88, 93, 109,
121, 123, 136 Bush, George, 6, 214, 223, 237,
257,262,268,273,301, 303
317
administration, 238-9 China, 241-2 Kuwait crisis, 248-54 Madrid conference, 256 'new world order', 303 relations with USSR, 239-41,
254-6 revolutions in eastern Europe,
243-8
Index
Bush, George W., 305-6 administration, 294-5 'axis of evil' speech, 299 terrorist attacks on New York
and Washington and, 297-8
unilateralism, 295-6 Byrnes, james, 9,18-19,23
Cabral, Donald Reid y, 130 Cambodia, 151-2, 147-60, 183 Camp David summit (1978),
196-8,211,217-18 Camp David summit (2000), 291 Canada, 271 Carroll, Paul T., 53 Carter,jimmy, 6, 212, 217, 245,
267 administration, 187-8 Mghanistan, 207-9, 211 arms limitation, 200-3 Carter Doctrine, 208 China policy, 198-200 human rights, 189,201,214 Iranian crisis, 203-7, 209-11 Panama negotiations, 192-4,
199,202 Camp David agreements,
194-8,211 relations with USSR, 190-2
Casey, William, 214 Castro, Fidel, 82-3, 88, 91-4, 107,
111 Ceausescu, Nicolai, 195,244 Cedras, Raul, 266-7. Central Intelligence Agency, 30,
66-7,72-3,83-4,88,91-4, 107-9,134,135-6,146, 156, 189,203,209,214,222,232, 260-1,283-4,301
Chamberlain, Neville, 19, 120, 172 Chechnya, 278-9 Cheney, Dick, 295 Chernenko, Konstantin, 215, 228,
240 Chernobyl disaster, 230 Chiang Kai-shek, 3, 32-3, 49, 64-6 Chile, 156, 273
China, 2-3, 32-4,38,43,47-50, 56,60-1,64-6,81,113,145, 160-3, 190, 198-200, 241-2, 273-5,281,296-7,302
Chou En-lai, 63, 160-3, 199 Christopher, Warren, 260, 267-8,
288 Churchill, Winston S., 2,10,14,
16,21 Clayton, William L., 25, 27. Clifford, Clark, 23, 36, 137 Clinton, Hillary Rodham, 258 Clinton, William]., 4, 6-7, 256,
304-5 administration, 257-62 Asian policies, 273-6 Bosnia, 267-71 Haiti, 266-7 Kosovo, 284-7 Middle East peace process,
287-91 Northern Ireland peace
process, 291-3 relations with Russia, 276-80 Rwandan crisis, 264-5 trade expansion, 271-3 weapons of mass destruction,
280-4 Cold War, 4, 6, 29-31, 52, 55, 57,
68,70,89,107,114,118, 228,237,241,259,267,278, 286,295,302-3
Cominform, 29, 41 Commonwealth of Independent
States, 255 Conference on Security and
Cooperation in Europe, 186, 278
Congo, 106 containment, 27-8, 44-5, 50, 56,
58, 184, 215 Croatia, 268-70 Cronkite, Walter, 140-1 Cuba, 12,82-3,88,91, 107-112,
202,227-8,302 Cuban Missile Crisis, 5, 107-112,
146,156,302-3 Cutler, Robert, 53
318
Index
Czech Republic, 279-80 Czechoslovakia, 39, 73, 142, 146,
150,243-4
Dayton agreement, 270-1 De Gaulle, Charles, 101, 150-1 Deng Xiaoping, 199-200,242 DeSoto missions, 123-4, 127 detente, 148-51, 163-5, 181,208,
213 Diem Ngo Dinh, 63-4, 115-17,
121 Dominican Republic, 107, 130-2 Dukakis, Michael, 238 Dulles, Allen, 53, 58-9, 83, 88, 93 Dulles, John Foster, 52-3, 65, 73,
79,86,162
Eden, Anthony, 74 Egypt, 73-5,80, 138, 147, 174-9,
184-5,195-8,218,248,251, 253
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 7, 87,91, 112,147,150,184,303
administration, 51-4 Berlin crisis, 82 Cuba, 82-3 disarmament, 70-1, 76-7, 84-6 Eisenhower Doctrine, 75 intelligence and covert
operations, 66-70 Korean War, 60-1 Lebanese crisis,79-81 missile development, 77-9 Polish and Hungarian crises,
71-2 Project Solarium and New
Look, 56-8 South-east Asia, 61-4 Suez Crisis, 72-5 Taiwan crises, 64-6, 81 Third World, 75-6
Elsey, George, 23 European Defence Community, 58
Ford, Gerald, 187, 190, 192-3,211 administration, 180-1 Helsinki conference, 186
Middle East, 184-5 Vietnam, 182-4 Vladivostok summit, 182
Formosa Doctrine, 65 Forrestal, James, 29 France, 9-10, 42, 50, 58-60,61-3,
69,101-2,106, 113, 147, 150-1,167,182,220,223, 251,254,281,300
Fulbright,]. William, 135, 149
Gaddafi, Muammar, 234-5 Gaither Report, 78 Gates, Robert, 236-7, 238 Gemayel, Bashir, 221 Geneva agreement (1954), 63 Geneva summit (1985), 229 Germany, 10, 16-17,26,28,39-42,
58,70,94-5,98-101,150, 224,228,243-8,251,300
Gilpatrick, Roswell, 114 Giuliani, Rudolph, 298 Glaspie, April, 248-9 Goldwater, Barry, 126-7 Gomulka, Wladyslaw, 71 Goodpaster, Andrew]., 53 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 229-31,
233-4, 236-7, 239-40, 243-5, 246-7, 251, 254-6, 303
Gottwald, Klement, 39 Greece, 24-5, 217,267 Grenada, 227-8 Gromyko, Andrei, 150, 192, 227-9 Guatemala, 68-70, 91 Guzman, Jacobo Arbenz, 68-9
Habib, Philip, 218, 220 Haig, Alexander, 214-5, 218-9 Haiti, 258, 266-7 Helsinki conference, 186 Henderson, Loy W., 36 Hiss, Alger, 52 Ho Chi Minh, 9, 50, 135, 154, 302 Holbrooke, Richard, 270-1, 285-6 Honecker, Erich, 243-4 Hua Guofeng, 199-200 Hull, Cordell, 3
319
Index
Humphrey, Hubert, 84, 143, 144 Hungary, 18,71-2,240-1,243-4,
279-80 Hurley, Patrick, 32 Hussein, Saddam, 210, 248-54,
282
India, 165, 281 Indonesia, 134 Iran, 22,67,203-7, 209-11, 299 Iran-Contra affair, 231-3 Iraq, 80, 210, 248-54, 258, 282,
299 Ireland, Republic of, 231-2, Iron Curtain, 21 Israel, 38, 73-4, 137-9, 155-6,
174-9,184-5,194-8, 217-23,235-6,253,256, 288-91
Italy, 221-3, 228
Japan, 1, 32-2,34-5,38,49-50, 162,224,241,251,272,275, 281
Jaruzelski, Wojciech, 216-7 John Paul II, Pope, 216 Johnson, Lyndon B., 87,100,145,
153,192,301 administration, 118-121 Caribbean interventions,
130-132 Middle East war, 137-9 Vietnam policy, 121-130,
133-7, 139-43 Jordan, 80, 105, 138, 154-6, 248
Kadar, Janos, 71 Karzai, Hamid, 298-9 Kennan, George F., 19-21,26-8,
36,50,56 Kennedy, Edward, 209 Kennedy,John F., 6, 7, 84, 118-21,
144-5,153,156,302-3 administration, 87-9 Bay of Pigs, 91-4,107 Berlin crisis, 97-101 Cuban Missile Crisis, 107-12 economic policy, 103-2
European policy, 101-2 Latin America, 89-91 Middle East policy, 104-5 non-aligned world, 105-7 nuclear weapons, 112-14 South-east Asia, 96-7, 114-17 Vienna summit, 94-6
Kennedy, Robert, 89, 107, 109, 137, 143
Kent State University, 158 Khomeini, Ayatollah, 204-7 Khrushchev, Nikita, 70-2, 79,
84-5,94-6,98-100,110-11, 113-14
Kim Il-sung, 46-7, 281 King, Martin Luther, 143 Kissinger, Henry, 148-9, 151, 154,
157-8, 160-1, 163-5, 169-85,190, 194,203,211
Kistiakowsky, George, 84 Kohl, Helmut, 245, 248 Korea, 35,45-9,54, 56,60-1,162,
281,299,301 Korean Airlines KAL007, 227 Kosovo,284-7 Kosygin, Alexsei, 139, 177 Kuomintang, 32-2 Kuwait, 248-54 Kvitsinskiy, Yuli, 225, 228
Laden, Osama bin, 283-4, 297-8 Laird, Melvin, 148, 157 Lake, Anthony, 260 Laos, 96-7, 114, 184 Le Due Tho, 169, 171 Lebanon, 79-81, 218-23 Lend-Lease, 10-11 Lewinsky, Monica, 285 Libya, 234-5 Lon Nol, 157-8, 183 'Long Telegram', 19-21
MacArthur, General Douglas, 34-5, 48-9, 303
McCarron, Pat, 50 McCarthy, Joseph, 53-4 McCone,John, 109 McFarlane, Robert, 231
320
Index
McGovern, George, 170 McMahon Act, 11 Macmillan, Harold, 74, 101-2 McNamara, Robert, 88, 117, 121,
123, 125-6, 134, 147 Madrid conference, 256 Malta summit, 244-5 Mao Tse-tung, 32-3, 42, 162-3,
199-200 Marshall, George c., 23, 25-7, 29,
32 Marshall Plan, 25-7, 51, 300 Masaryk,jan,39 Mexico, 271-3 Milosevic, Slobodan, 270, 284-7 missiles, 76--7, 85-5,112-14,
146--7, 163-7, 181-2, 190-2, 200-3,213,224-31,233-4, 278
Mitchell, George, 292, 300 Molotov, V. M., 15, 18, 26 Monroe Doctrine, 12 Mossadegh, Mohammed, 67 Mujahedin, 209, 215, 233, 303 Munich Agreement, 19,47,300
Nagy, Imre, 71-2, 240 Nasser, Gamal Abdul, 73-5, 80,
104, 137-8, 155-6 National Liberation Front, 64 National Security Act, 29, 300-1 National Security Agency, 30,
124 National Security Council, 29,
43-5,53,94,205,232,301 Netanyahu, Benjamin, 289-90 New Look, 56--7, 66. Nicaragua, 232 Niles, David, 36 Niue, Paul, 179-80,225,230 Nixon, Richard, M., 6, 50, 52, 87,
143, 144, 182, 187-8, 190, 192,203,211
administration, 147-8 Cambodia, 151-2, 157-60 Chile, 156 China, 160-3, 19.9 detente, 148-51, 163-5, 172-3
Middle East crises, 154-6, 174-9
Nixon Doctrine, 153, 203 relations with USSR, 146--7,
163-7 Vietnam War, 144-6, 150-4,
157-60, 168-72 Watergate, 144, 172-3, 174-5,
179-80 North American Free Trade
Agreement, 271-3 North Atlantic Treaty
Organization, 30, 41-2, 44, 51,54,58-9,70,101-2,146, 150, 164,217,224,238,247, 269,271,277-80,284-7, 298,300
Noriega, Manuel, 245-6 Northern Ireland, 291-3 Norway, 288 'NSC 68', 43-5, 301 'NSC 162', 57
Okinawa, 35, 49 Oppenheimer,]. Robert, 43 Organization for Security and
Cooperation in Europe, 285 Organization of American States,
68, 131-2 Oslo accords, 288-9
Pahlavi, Mohammed Reza, 67, 203-7, 210
Pakistan, 165 Palestine, 23, 35-8 Palestine Liberation Organization,
185,218-21,235-6,288 Palestinian Authority, 290 Palestinians, 194-7,219,235-6,
288-91 Panama, 12, 192-4, 199,202,
245-6 Paris Agreement, 171-2, 182-3 Peace Corps, 105 Peres, Shimon, 288-9 Pham Van Dong, 154 Philippines, 34, 37, 50 Pinochet, Augusto, 156
321
Index
Poland, 2,14,16,18,30,71-2, 216-17,240,243,247, 279-80
Potsdam Conference, 15-17, 19 Powell, General Colin, 260, 295-6,
298 Powers, Gary Francis, 85 Project Solarium, 56-7 Putin, Vladimir, 280
Rabin, Yitzhak, 194,256,288-9 Reagan, Ronald W., 5, 6, 150, 171,
193,209-10,238,264 administration, 212-15 Grenadan intervention, 227-8 Iran-Contra affair, 231-3 Lebanese crisis, 217-23 Libya, 234-5 relations with USSR, 215-17,
223-31, 233-4, 236-7 Strategic Defense Initiative,
226-7,230-1 Rekyavik summit, 230-1, 233.
Rhee, Syngman, 46, 61 Rice, Dr Condoleezza, 295 Rio de Janeiro treaty, 30, 300 Rogers, William, 148, 154-5, 157,
173, 194 Roosevelt, Franklin D., 2-4, 8-10,
12,14,120,258 Rostow, Walt, 123, 136 Rumsfeld, Donald, 260 Rusk, Dean, 88, 121, 123, 138-9 Russian Federation, 255-6,
276-80 Rwanda, 264-5
Sabra and Shatila massacres, 222 Sadat, Anwar el-, 156, 174, 176-9,
185, 195-8 San Francisco Conference, 2-3 San Francisco Treaty, 49-50 Sainteny,Jean, 154 Sarajevo, 269-70 Saudi Arabia, 36, 80, 105, 218,
248-50, 254 Schlesinger, Arthur, 109, 149 Schumacher, Kurt, 28
Schwarzkopf, General Norman, 249-50
Scowcroft, Brent, 239 Serbia, 268-71, 284-7 Shamir, Yitzhak, 253, 256 Sharon, Ariel, 176-7,291 Shevardnaze, Eduard, 229 Shultz, George, 219-22, 227, 229,
231 Sihanouk, Prince, 151, 157 Sirik Matak, 183 Solidarity, 216-17, 240 Somalia, 262-4 South Africa, 106, 189-90 South East Asia Treaty
Organization,63, 69 Sputnik, 77-8 Srebrenica massacre, 269-70 Stalin, Josef, 2, 16-18,26,29,
39-41,54,244,300 Stettinius, Edward J., 3 Stevenson, Adlai, 51, 75 Strategic Defense Initiative,
226-7,230-1,303 Suez Crisis, 72-5 Sullivan, William, 205-6 Syria, 138, 147, 155-6, 174,219,
253,289
Taft, Robert, 51 Taliban, 236, 298 Talbott, Strobe, 260, 267, 277-8 Taylor, General Maxwell, 93, 117,
124 Tet offensive, 140 Thatcher, Margaret, 217, 245, 249 Thieu, Nguyen Van, 133, 136, 143,
145, 152, 154, 170, 183 thermonuclear weapons, 43-5, 55 Tiananmen Square massacre,
241-2 Tito, Josip Broz, 41, 71 Tonkin, Gulf of, 124-8, 159 Truman, Harry S., 3, 6-8, 11, 19,
322
21,25,42,52,55-7,238, 259, 305-6
Berlin crisis, 40-1 Korean war, 45-9
Index
Palestine question, 35-8 Potsdam Conference, 15-17 thermonuclear weapons, 43-5 Truman Doctrine, 24-6
Turkey, 24-5, 110-1, 217, 267
U-2, 66, 77, 84-5 Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics, 2, 10, 13-15, 20-21,26-9,31,43-5,53, 55,57-8,70-2,77-80,83-6, 108, 137, 145-7, 163-7, 177-82,189,200-3,207-9, 213,215-17,219,228-31, 236-7, 239-41, 243-5, 246-8,254-6,303-4
United Kingdom, 2, 10-12, 15,23, 26,35-8,42,48,62,67,69, 101-2,113,146,150,167, 182, 201, 219, 224, 227-8, 251,254,300
United Nations Organization, 2-3, 31,35,37-8,47-8.69,77, 246, 249-51, 262-3, 265, 269,298
United Nations Special Committee on Palestine, 37
Vance, Cyrus, 188, 194, 199-201, 206-7,260
Vance-Owen plan, 268, 271 Vandenberg, Arthur, 23, 41-2
Vienna summit (1961), 94-6 Vienna summit (1979), 201-2 Vietnam, 5, 9-10, 50, 59, 61-4, 97,
114-7, 120-30, 133-7, 139-43, 144-6, 150-4, 157-60, 168-72, 182-4, 190-2,213,276,301-2
Vietnamisation, 152-3, 157, 159 Vladivostok summit, 182, 186,
190-2
Walesa, Lech, 216 Wallace, George, 143, 144 Wallace, Henry, 22 War Powers Resolution, 175, 252 Warsaw Pact, 42, 70, 72, 146,241 Watergate, 144, 172-5, 179-80 Weinberger, Caspar, 214, 218-19,
223-4 Weizmann, Chaim, 38 Westmoreland, General William,
124, 133, 136, 141 Wilson, Charles, E., 53 Wye agreement, 290
'X' Article, 27-8
Yalta Conference, 2-3, 16 Yeltsin, Boris, 246, 255-6, 276-80 Yugoslavia, 41, 71, 267-8, 270
Zhdanov, Andrei, 29, 70
323