bike : ped advocates workshop nacto
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TRANSCRIPT
February 2012 San Antonio, TX
1. Iden8fying the Need
2. Exploring the Contents
3. Future Ini8a8ves
Where did the guide come from?
The need to facilitate balance
Strong and Fearless
< 1%
Interested but Concerned
60%
ALrac8ng new users
Chart credit: City of Portland
Pre-‐2011 Bikeway Design Guidance
“The bicycle has become an important element for considera5on in the highway design process. Fortunately, the exis1ng street and highway system provides most of the mileage needed for bicycle travel.” • 900 pages of guidance • Less than 1 page on bicycles
Post 2011 Bikeway Design Guidance
New York, NY
4 years
255 bike lane
miles added
45% growth in commuter cycling
72%
decrease in average risk of injury
Portland, OR 20 years
320 mile bikeway network
210%
growth in bike commu;ng
100% decrease in crash rate
$100 million bike industry
Chicago, IL 100 Miles of Cycle Track by 2015 25 in 2011-‐12 500 mile bikeway network by 2015
Credit: Steven Vance
What is the NACTO Urban Bikeway Design Guide?
A Collec8on of 21 Innova8ve Bikeway Designs
BIKE LANES -‐Conven;onal Bike Lanes -‐LeF-‐side Bike Lanes -‐Contra-‐Flow Bike Lanes -‐Buffered Bike Lanes
CYCLE TRACKS -‐One-‐way Protected Cycle Tracks -‐Raised Cycle Tracks -‐Two-‐way Cycle Tracks
INTERSECTIONS -‐Bike Boxes -‐Intersec;on Crossing Markings -‐Two-‐stage Turn Queue Boxes -‐Median Refuge Island -‐Through Bike Lanes -‐Combined Bike Lane -‐Cycle Track Intersec;on Approach
SIGNALS -‐Bicycle Signal Heads -‐Signal Acua;on and Detec;on -‐Ac;ve Warning Beacon for Bike Route at Unsignalized Intersec;on -‐Hybrid Signal for Bike Route Crossing of Major Street
SIGNING & MARKING -‐Bike Route Wayfinding Signage and Markings System -‐Colored Bike Facili;es -‐Shared Lane Markings
Required, Recommended and Op8onal
Online Guide & Slideshows
Contextual Renderings
Case Studies and Sample Drawings
BIKE LANES
Bike Lanes
Conven;onal Bike Lanes Buffered Bike Lanes Contra-‐Flow Bike Lane LeF-‐Side Bike Lane
CONVENTIONAL BIKE LANES
Conven8onal Bike Lane NEW YORK CITY
CLARENDON ROAD, BROOKLYN, NY Conven;onal Bike Lane
Side
wal
k 25’ Combined Parking/
Moving Lane
50’
11’ Moving
Lane
5’ 5’
PROPOSED
EXISTING
25’ Combined Parking/
Moving Lane
Side
wal
k
11’ Moving
Lane
9’ Parking
Lane
Side
wal
k
Side
wal
k 9’ Parking
Lane
Conven8onal Bike Lane AUSTIN, TX
Conven8onal Bike Lane NEW YORK CITY
BUFFERED BIKE LANES
• Greater comfort level than conven;onal bike lane
• Passing zone
• Less effec;ve on streets with loading or double-‐parking
BUFFERED BIKE LANES
SEATTLE
DEKALB AVENUE, BROOKLYN, NY Buffered Bike Lane
Buffered Bike Lane NEW YORK CITY
CONTRA-‐FLOW BIKE LANES
• Connec;vity
• Legi;mize two-‐way riding short-‐cuts
• Low-‐volume, low speed routes
CHICAGO CONTRAFLOW BIKE LANES
OCEAN PARKWAY, BROOKLYN, NY Contraflow Bike Lane
Contra Flow Bike Lane OLYMPIA, WA
LEFT SIDE BIKE LANES
• Decrease risk of dooring
• Avoid conflicts with Bus pick-‐ups, truck loading
• Streets with heavy right turning movements
LEFT SIDE BIKE LANES
West 10th & Christopher Streets LeF Side Bike Lane
Side
wal
k
34’
11’ Moving
Lane
5’
PROPOSED
EXISTING
Combined Parking/ Moving Lanes
Side
wal
k
9’ Parking
Lane
9’ Parking
Lane
Side
wal
k
Side
wal
k
Led Side Bike Lane BOSTON, MA
CYCLE TRACKS
Cycle Tracks
One-‐Way Protected Cycle Tracks Raised Cycle Tracks Two-‐way Cycle Tracks
ONE WAY PROTECTED CYCLE TRACK
Credit: Bikeable Communi;es
• Decreases stress, increases comfort on high traffic streets
• LeF-‐side applica;on with bus routes
• Parking lane as protec;on
ONE WAY PROTECTED CYCLE TRACK
One way cycle track Long Beach, CA
FIRST AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY Conven;onal Bike Lane
NEW YORK CITY
One way cycle track PORTLAND, OR
RAISED CYCLE TRACK
• Raised to sidewalk-‐level or intermediate curb
• Capital Reconstruc;on Project
• Decrease Sidewalk riding
RAISED CYCLE TRACK
CAMBRIDGE, MA
SANDS STREET, BROOKLYN, NY Raised Cycle Track (Centerline)
Raised Cycle Track VANCOUVER, BC
Raised (Contraflow) Cycle Track DENVER, CO
TWO-‐WAY CYCLE TRACK
• “Edge” condi;ons with few crossings
• Contra-‐flow movement on one-‐way street
• Not enough room for one-‐way cycle track on both sides of the street
TWO-‐WAY CYCLE TRACK
PROSPECT PARK WEST, BROOKLYN, NY Two-‐way Cycle Track
Two-‐way Cycle Track NEW YORK, NY
KENT AVENUE, BROOKLYN, NY Two-‐way Cycle Track
Two-‐way Cycle Track WASHINGTON DC
INTERSECTIONS
Facilitates eye contact and awareness with compe8ng modes.
Heightens the level of Visibility
Denotes a clear right-‐of-‐way
Intersec8ons
Bike Boxes
Intersec;on Crossing Markings
Two-‐Stage Turn Queue Boxes
Median Refuge Island
Through Bike Lanes Combined Bike Lane/Turn Lane Cycle Track Intersec;on Approach
CYCLE TRACK INTERSECTION APPROACH
• Increases visibility
• Mi;gates risk of right or leF hook conflict
• Parking removal near intersec;on
• Transi;on to mixing zone or parallel to turn lane
CYCLE TRACK INTERSECTION APPROACH
NEW YORK, NY
WASHINGTON, DC
NEW YORK, NY
BIKE BOXES
• Prevents “Right Hook” collisions
• Gives bicyclists priority at signalized intersec;ons
• Clears intersec;on of cyclists quickly
BIKE BOX
SAN FRANCISCO
PORTLAND, OR
NEW YORK, NY
INTERSECTION CROSSING MARKINGS
• Increases bicyclist visibility
• More predictable bicycle movements
• Reduces conflicts between motorists and bicyclists
INTERSECTION CROSSING MARKINGS
SEATTLE, WA
Kinzie Street, CHICAGO, IL
VANCOUVER, BC
TWO STAGE TURN QUEUE BOXES
TWO STAGE TURN QUEUE BOXES
• Facilitates safe leF or right turn
• Typically used with cycle tracks
• Used when merging is not an op;on or poten;ally dangerous
TWO-‐STAGE TURN QUEUE
OTTAWA, CA
NEW YORK, NY
MEDIAN REFUGE ISLAND
• Facilitates bike-‐ped crossing of unsignalized intersec;on
• Common bike boulevard treatment
• Can double as diverter to restrict through traffic
MEDIAN REFUGE ISLAND
VANCOUVER, CA
THROUGH BIKE LANES
• Enable correct posi;oning at the intersec;on
• Reduce conflicts with turning traffic
• More predictable bicyclist and motorist movements
THROUGH BIKE LANES
LONG BEACH, CA
EUGENE, OR
COMBINED BIKE LANE/TURN LANE
• Sugges;on lane with dedicated turn lane
• For intersec;ons without sufficient space for Through Bike Lane
COMBINED BIKE LANE/TURN LANE
LONG BEACH, CA
SIGNALS
Signals
Bicycle Signal Heads Signal Detec;on and Actua;on Ac;ve Warning Beacon for Bike Route at Unsignalized Intersec;on Hybrid Signal for Bike Route Crossing of a Major Street
BICYCLE SIGNAL HEADS
• Separate bicycle movements from conflic;ng car, pedestrian, lightrail, and streetcar movement
• Lower placement • Near side • Smaller lens & housing (visual varia;on)
BICYCLE SIGNAL HEADS
NEW YORK, NY
Long Beach, CA
Near-‐side Signal Smaller Lens and Stencil
SIGNAL ACTUATION & DETECTION
4 Types
• Loop
• Video
• Push-‐Budon
• Microwave
SIGNAL ACTUATION & DETECTION
PALO ALTO, CA
ACTIVE WARNING BEACON
• User-‐actuated amber flashing lights
• Actuated by detec;on or push budon
• Hybrid Bicycle-‐Pedestrian use
ACTIVE WARNING BEACON
BOULDER, CO
HYBRID SIGNAL
• More flexible than tradi;onal signalized intersec;ons for bicycle crossings
• Especially useful for bike boulevard crossings
Hybrid Signal
PORTLAND, OR
TUCSON, AZ
SIGNING & MARKING
Signing and Marking
Colored Bicycle Facili;es Shared Lane Markings Bike Route Wayfinding Signage and Marking System
COLORED BICYCLE FACILITIES
Commonly applied at • Intersec;ons
• Driveways
• Conflict Areas
• Along cycle tracks or enhanced facili;es
Colored Bike Facili8es
BOSTON
SAN FRANCISCO
SHARED LANE MARKINGS
• More flexible than tradi;onal signalized intersec;ons for bicycle crossings
• Especially useful for bike boulevard crossings
• Can be used as a wayfinding marking and/or to denote a shared roadway
Shared Lane Marking
PORTLAND, OR
LONG BEACH, CA
BIKE ROUTE WAYFINDING SIGNAGE
• Confirma;on Signs
• Turn Signs
• Decision Signs
BIKE ROUTE WAYFINDING SIGNAGE
PORTLAND, OR
VANCOUVER, WA
NEW YORK, NY
Credit: Jason Padon, City of Oakland
The NACTO Urban Bikeway Design Guide Module II and Next Steps
Module Two (2012) • Bike Boulevards • Contextual Guidance • Updates and
Enhancements
Future Modules • Network Planning • Bicycle Parking
Module II: Bicycle Boulevards
Contextual Guidance
Green Bike Facili8es How to make it last?
New Materials
Maintenance
ADA Accessibility
Bus-‐Bike Lanes
Advisory Bike Lanes
Bikes with Transit
Network Planning
Bicycle Parking
Looking towards the future
Walkability
0.5 M 10 minutes
Bikeability
1.5 M 10 minutes
Achieving a Grid of Connec8ons: Fragments
Achieving a Grid of Connec8ons: Safe Routes
Achieving a Grid of Connec8ons: Mul8ple Op8ons
Bicycle Path
Sidewalk Buffer & Pedestrian Island
Parking/ Loading
Dedicated Bus Lane
Travel Lanes
Streets for Buses, Transit, Bikes, and Pedestrians
Shared Space (woonerf)
Ron Thaniel Execu;ve Director NACTO David Vega-‐Barachowitz Sustainable Ini;a;ves Program Manager NACTO [email protected] (212) 839-‐6421