bilingual project 1 st d 2014-2015. unit a 1. why do we study geography?why do we study geography?...
TRANSCRIPT
UNIT A
1. Why do we study Geography?2. What's Geography?3. Our Planet: the Earth4. The Solar System5. Earth in motion6. Why the seasons?7. Orientation8. Maps9. Tables, Charts, Diagrams
2. WHAT
Physical Geography
Earth's surface: mountains, planes, deserts
Water: rivers, lakes, oceans.
Climate: weather conditions, temperature, rainfall
Life: animals, plants
Astronomy
2. WHAT?Human Geography
Population: numbers and distribuition
Settlement: cities, metropols, villages
Politics: states, provinces, etc
Languages and Cultures
Economy: agriculture, industry, etc
Communication: means of transport, telecommunication
Now Excercise!Book, page 4
Ph: physical; H: human
3. THE EARTH
•A GLOBE lightly flattened at the Poles
•An imaginary line runs
in the middle: the
Equator.
3. THE EARTH
NUMBERS AND FIGURES
Total Surface= 510 million Km2
Water= 71%, Land= 29%
Equator= 40.000 Km
Excercises
BooK, Page 5, n.1
4. SOLAR SYSTEM
Planets, Satellites, Asteroids run around the SUN.
SUN= a star, produces light and heat
4. SOLAR SYSTEM
Exercise page 5, on your notebook:
First Name and Surname_______________________________________
Address____________________________
City_____________________
Region____________________________ Country__________________
Hemisphere________________________ Continent_________________
Planet___________________________ System____________________
Galaxy_________________________________
5. The Earth in Motion
ROTATION around its axis Day and Night
REVOLUTION around the Sun Year and Seasons
6. Why the seasons?
EQUINOXsame duration of day and night:Spring Equinox, 21st March, Autumn Equinox, 23rd September
SOLSTICESummer Solstice, 21st June: longest dayWinter Solstice 22nd December: longest night
7. ORIENTATION
2. In the NIGHT, look at STARS
In the NORTHERN
HEMISPHERE:
The North Star
Or
Pole Star
7. ORIENTATION
3. Use a COMPASS:
has a magnetised needle which always points towards the Earth's magnetic North Pole.
8. Maps
In geography, MAPS are one of the most important tools.
MAPS = pictures of the Earth's surface.
8. MapsThe Earth is too big to stay in a MAP
SCALE = each map has a "scale" which indicates the relationship between a certain distance on the map and the distance on the ground.
Ratio or Representative Fraction (RF) = indicates how many units on the earth's surface is equal to one unit on the map. Exemple: 1:100,000 - one centimeter on the map equals 100,000 centimeters (1 kilometer)
A graphic scale = it is a line marked with distance on the ground which the map user can use along with a ruler to determine scale on the map.
8. Maps
TYPES OF MAPS
Physical Map: shows the physical landscape features of a place.
Political Map: does not show any topographic features. It instead focuses solely on the state and national boundaries of a place.
Thematic Map: focuses on a particular theme or special topic. An example of a thematic map would be one showing the population change of Canada in specific locations from 1996 to 2001.
9. Table, Charts, Diagrams
To organize DATA
You can use:
1. TABLES:
Data are distributed in columns and rows
North Centre South
Population
9. Table, Charts, Diagrams
2. Graphs
2.1 Line graph: used to indicate a trend in a period of time
Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 40
2
4
6
8
10
12
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
9. Table, Charts, Diagrams
2.2 Bar Chart: compares data.
Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 40
2
4
6
8
10
12
Column 1
Column 2
Column 3
9. Table, Charts, Diagrams
2.3 Pie Chart: illustrates how given entity is divided up
Row 1
Row 2
Row 3
Row 4