binus international referencing workshop
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BiNus International Referencing Workshop. English Language Services 20 April 2006. Aim of Workshop. To teach students referencing styles and bibliography construction while providing students with useful reference guides for their future academic writing. English Language Services. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
BiNus International Referencing Workshop
English Language Services
20 April 2006
Aim of Workshop
To teach students referencing styles and bibliography construction while providing students with useful reference guides for
their future academic writing
English Language Services
John Honeyben – [email protected]
Ext 137
Amanda Patrick – [email protected]
Ext 138
http://binus.ac.id/bipd/ELS/ELS.html
English Clinic – 3.15pm – 4.15pm, Mon-Fri, by appointment
Scope of Workshop2 x 1 hour sessions What is Referencing?Why do we Reference?When do we Reference?Methods of Referencing
In Text CitationFull Reference List
E-SourcesBibliographyFootnotes / EndnotesCommon Abbreviations – Latin & EnglishParaphrasing
If time permits
What is Referencing?
Standardised method of acknowledging sources of information and ideas that are used in an assignment in a way that uniquely identifies its source
What is Referencing?
Standardised method of acknowledging sources of information and ideas that are used in an assignment in a way that uniquely identifies its source
Why do we Reference?
Acknowledge the source of others workAvoid plagiarism accusationsDisplay a knowledge of current literatureDemonstrate support for your ideas, opinions and point of viewProvide examples or evidence to support own researchAllow readers to follow-up and read cited author’s argument
When do we Reference?
Within & at the end of the assignment when using:Direct Quotations
Facts, Figures, Ideas & Theories – Not common knowledge
Information rewritten in your own words (paraphrase)
From books, journals, Internet, videos, radio, TV, lecture notes
Methods of Referencing
Harvard – aka Author-Date system
Oxford
APA
MLA
Chicago
Vancouver
Turabian
Differs between Universities/Faculties/Lecturer’s
APA / Harvard System
1. In Text Citation Short & Long Quotations
2. Reference ListComplete list of all references at the end of the document
In-Text Citation (Short < 3 lines)
Short QuotationsHarvard / APA Inverted commas around authors actual wordsAuthor’s words incorporated in text
Academic writers need to be cautious in their claims. In this respect, vague language is important as it ‘allows claims to be made with due caution, modesty and humility’ (Hyland, 1994 : 241).
Example – Short Quotation
Academic writers need to be cautious in their claims. In this respect, vague language is important as it ‘allows claims to be made with due caution, modesty and humility’ (Hyland, 1994 : 241).
Author’s
Surname
Brackets surrounding
reference
Year of Publication
Page No. Full stop after bracket
Inverted
commas
In-Text Citation (Long > 3 lines)Long QuotationsHarvard / APAIndented from the marginDifferent type size or styleQuotation marks omitted
Jordan (1977 : 240) also draws attention to the necessity for being careful:
A feature of academic writing is the need to be cautious in one’s claims and statements. In other words, you may indicated your certainty and commitment in varying degrees.
Example – Long Quotation
Jordan (1977:240) also draws attention to the necessity for being careful:
A feature of academic writing is the need to be cautious in one’s claims and statements. In
other words, you may indicated your certainty and commitment in varying degrees.
Intro
Sentence
Indented Font Size
SmallerNo inverted
commas
Handout Flag A
Writer’s Block and Getting Started
Read and Identify Short / Long Quotations
Handout Flag B
Pg 102 – Activity A (Good Example)
Pg 102 – Activity B (Read / Identify)
Bibliography / Reference List
List of sources at the end of the essayReference List – Only those resources referenced in your assignmentBibliography – All materials used to write the assignmentAlphabetical OrderSurnames, First Names or initialsMc = Mac I.e before Madison
Handout Flag C
MU – Sample Reference List
Reference List
1. Books
2. Journals
3. Electronic Sources
Referencing - BooksSecond line of reference indented to highlight alphabetical orderAuthor’s surnameAuthor’s initialsDate (in brackets)Title (underlined or in italics)Place of publicationPublisher
Wallace, M.J. (1980). Study Skills in English. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
Referencing - Journals
Author’s surnameAuthor’s initialsDate (in brackets)Title of ArticleName of Journal (underlined or in italics)Volume Number / Issue NumberIf known: season, month or page number
West, R. (1994). Needs Analysis in Language Teaching. Language Teaching, 27(1) : 1-19
Handout Flag D
References and Bibliographies
Identify Referencing – Book / Journal
Practical Activity – p. 99
5 Min BreakIn the Classroom!!
RESTRICTED1st Joint Movements Group
"Ladies and gentlemen, thank you f or choosing to fly with Mandarin Airlines. As we taxi out to the runway please make yourself comf ortable..…and f or
those of you sitting on the right side of the plane..… please ignore our other….. um….. airliner."
A diffi cult cabin announcement......
Referencing – E- Sourceswww
Dawson, J.(2002), Referencing : Not Plagiarism. Retrieved October 31, 2002 fromhttp://studytrekk.is.curtin.edu.au/
www (no author)Referencing : Not Plagiarism, (2002).
Retrieved November 13, 2002 from http://www.seadragons.com
www (no author/date)Referencing : Not Plagiarism
Retrieved November 13, 2002 from http://www.seadragons.com
Handout Flag E
Curtin University Reference Guide – Pg 4
Footnotes
Oxford Referencing Style
At the foot of each page (Vs in-text citation)
Numbered sequentially
Explains a word or an item
Adds special information / reference
Small number above the word
Handout Flag F
Sample Footnotes
EndnotesAppear at the end of the essay / chapterContinuous numbering throughout the essay
1. Beard, R.M. and J, Hartley (1984 : 4th ed.). Teaching and Learning in Higher Education. London : Harper and Row.
2. Hartley, J. and C.K. Knapper (1984). Academics and their Writing. Studies in Higher Education, 9 (2).
3. Jordan, R.R. (1983). Study Skills : Experience and Expectations. In G.M. Blue (Ed.) Language, Learning and Success : Studying through English. Developments in ELT. London : McMillan, Modern English Teacher and the British Council.
4. Northedge, A. (1990). The God Study Guide. Milton Keynes : The Open University.
Common Abbreviations Latin
e.g. exempli gratia For example…
et al et alii And others…
etc. et cetera And so on…
i.e. id est Which is to say… or That is…
ibid ibidem Same as last entry, when two references in a row are from the same source.
Loc. Cit.
loco citato In the place already cited
op. cit. opere citato In the work already mentioned
N.B. note bene Note well…
q.v. Quod vide Refer to…
Common Abbreviations English
para. / paras. paragraph(s)
ref. / refs. reference(s)
vol. / vols. volume(s)
p. / pp. page(s)
no. / nos. number(s)
ms. / mss. manuscript(s)
l. / ll. line(s)
Ed. / Eds. Editor(s); edited by; edition
Is the same as =Causes, leads to
Is greater than >
Because
Is not the same as
Is caused by
In addition
Changes according to
Grows, increases
Is smaller than <
Decreases, falls
Doubtful point ?Therefore
ParaphrasingUsing your own words, to report someone else’s writing, while maintaining an academic styleReplication of topic sentences and keywords in the original textMust be referenced4 skills
Changing VocabularyChanging Verb FormChanging Word ClassSynthesis
Handout Flag G
Reading – Paraphrase p. 93
Activity 1,2 & 3
Suggested Solution
Acty 1 – Smith and Jones (1991) discovered that the situation had …
Suggested Solution
Acty 2 – The problems caused by seminars were observed by Brown and White (1994)
Suggested Solution
Acty 3 – The conclusion of James and Harris (1984), that there was a need for note-taking practice, led to the development of appropriate exercise
You Should Have Copies of These !
Synonym Book
Antonym Book
Thesaurus
Final Activity
In Text Citation
Paraphrasing
Reference List
ConclusionWhat is Referencing?Why do we Reference?When do we Reference?Methods of Referencing?
In Text CitationFull Reference List
E-SourcesBibliographyFootnotes / EndnotesCommon Abbreviation’s – Latin & EnglishParaphrasing