bio 9d: monday, january 3, 2011 title: cell specialization
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Bio 9D: Monday, January 3, 2011 Title: Cell Specialization. Homework: Read Section 36.2 and take notes using active reading strategies – see assignment sheet for details. Silent Do Now – Not in your notebook! Get a worksheet and complete Task #1 Today’s Objectives: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Bio 9D: Monday, January 3, 2011Title: Cell Specialization
Homework: Read Section 36.2 and take notes using
active reading strategies – see assignment sheet for details.
Silent Do Now – Not in your notebook! Get a worksheet and complete Task #1
Today’s Objectives: Compare & contrast structures of specialized cells Describe how different types of cells have different
structures to fit their functions
Today’s Agenda: Cell Specialization
Extended Do Now: Task #1
Compare answers with partner (2 min) Task #2
Complete quietly with partner (5 min) Class Discussion
Notes
Today’s Objectives: Compare & contrast structures of specialized cells Describe how different types of cells have different
structures to fit their functions
Extended Do Now: “Typical” Human Cell
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Extended Do Now: Specialized Cells have Specialized Structures
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
Biology 9 – Moretti & Dickson
The Musculoskeletal System
Overall Functions: Move the body, or parts of the
body Support body & maintain
posture(keep you standing/sitting upright)
Made up of… Skeletal muscles Bones (skeletal system) Connective tissues
Tendons connect muscle to bone
Ligaments connect bone to bone
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Bio 9A/9D: Tuesday, January 4, 2011Title: Muscle Structure & Function
Homework: Two paragraphs in notebook – see
assignment sheet for details. Silent Do Now – In your notebook:
Based on yesterday’s class: Describe the shape and structure of a muscle cell How do you think this helps the muscle cell
function? Today’s Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of muscle cells Explain how muscles work together to move bones
Skeletal Muscle Attached to bones Contracts to create body
movements Controlled voluntarily Structured with fibers bundled
within fibers. The simplest muscle fiber is a muscle cell.
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Zoom in…
Zoom in more…
Skeletal Muscle Cells
Long, narrow cells Filled with
specialized cytoskeleton fibers
Many mitochondria Many nuclei along
edges of cell
Stretch and contract a long muscleFibers attach and slide past each other to contract
Provide ATP energy for cytoskeleton to moveHelp make lots of cytoskeleton proteins for the whole long cell
Structures: Functions:
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Objectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
Zoom in…
Skeletal Muscle Cells
Animations:
Overview, zoom in, and sarcomere contraction in grasshopper muscles:
http://entochem.tamu.edu/MuscleStrucContractswf/index.html
Simultaneous whole-muscle, cartoon sarcomere, and real muscle fiber contraction:
http://www.edumedia-sciences.com/en/a502-muscle-contraction-sarcomere
Actin, myosin, and cross-bridges: http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_
view0/chapter10/animation__sarcomere_contraction.htmlObjectives for Class:• Describe how different types of cells have different structures to fit their functions• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement
How Muscle Cells Contract1. Cytoskeleton fibers attach to each other
and pull together.2. This makes the entire muscle cell get
shorter (aka contract).3. This process uses a lot of ATP energy
(provided by mitochondria).4. When the fibers let go, the muscle
relaxes.
Muscle Contraction Creates Body Movements
Muscles are attached to at least two points: anchoring bone moving bone
(attached by tendons)
Muscle contracts (gets shorter) Pulls on tendon Tendon pulls bone into new position
Muscles Work in Opposing Pairs Upper Arm:
• Biceps contract Arm bends at the elbow
• Triceps contract Arm straightens
Lower Leg:• Shin muscle contracts
Foot goes up• Calf muscle contracts
Foot goes down
Bio 9A/9D: Wednesday, January 5, 2011Title: Chicken Wing Dissection
Homework: Complete Chicken Wing Dissection Analysis Questions
Silent Do Now: What are two safety rule that you should follow during this
dissection?
Today’s Objectives:• Follow lab safety procedures during dissection• Observe and explain how muscles, tendons, and bones…
• Form a joint• Interact with each other during muscle contraction to cause
movement
Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:Rules
Respect for the animals that donated these wings
Safety Raw meat… keep hands away
from mouth, wash hands after. Scissors are sharp!
Patience – this might be confusing. That’s OK! You can learn a lot even if you can’t figure out all the parts.
Zero tolerance for fooling around, horseplay, etc. You WILL be asked to leave.
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:Materials
Aprons, goggles & gloves
Dissecting tray Scalpel – caution, these
are sharp! Never cut towards fingers!
Scissors – often these are better for cutting than the scalpel
Chicken WingsObjectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:Procedures
Sit with a partner of your choice I will bring you a chicken wing Follow all safety procedures – hands away from
mouth, careful with sharp tools, NO fooling around
Raise hand if you need anything – stay at your table Follow directions on lab handout – one partner
must write/draw if the other’s hands are messy Clean up: wing in trash, tools washed, hands washed.HW: Lab analysis questions (in notebook)
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement
Chicken Wing Dissection Lab:Anatomy of your hand
Bio 9A/9D: Monday, 1.10.10Title: Anatomy of a Kick
Homework: Finish Anatomy of a Kick worksheet Organize notes for tomorrow’s open-notes quiz
Silent Do Now: Get a worksheet and read the Background Info Complete Activity I: Getting Started
Today’s Objectives:• Identify which muscles must contract to move a
specific part of the leg• Predict the correct sequence of muscle contractions
necessary for complex movements
Computer Activity:The Anatomy of a Kick
http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih6/Bone/activities/activities_toc.htm
Objectives for Class:• Identify 3 specialized structures of muscle cells that allow them to contract to create movement• Describe how muscle cells are attached to bones to create our musculoskeletal system • Explain the steps necessary for a muscle to contract and cause movement