bio medical rules
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Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling)Rules, 1998.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) Rules
Enforced by SPCB/CPCB.
The responsibilities of the Companies are: To ensure that bio medical waste is handled
without any adverse effect to human health &environment
To have biomedical waste treatment facility.
To have facility for segregation & labeling ofwastes .
To submit report about categories andquantities of wastes handled & maintainrecords.
To report any accident during handling &transporting of wastes.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) Rules
Definition
Bio-medical waste is defined as any waste, whichis generated during the diagnosis, treatment or
immunisation of human beings or animals or in
research activities pertaining thereto or in the
production or testing of living organisms.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) Rules
Purpose
To minimize the production/ generation of infective waste.
Recycle the waste after treating to the extent possible.
Treat the waste by safe and environmentally acceptable
methods.
Adequate care in handling to prevent infection by takingSafety precautions during handling the BMW.
The aim of these regulations is to ensure that Bio-medical
waste is properly disposed of.
To take all steps to ensure that bio-medical waste ishandled without any adverse effect to human health and
the environment by the occupier/ Operator of facility.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) Rules
Scope and Application
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, extendsto the whole of India.
These rules apply to all persons who generate,
collect, receive, store, transport, treat, dispose or
handle bio-medical Waste in any form.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) Rules
Important Definitions
Animal House means a place where animals are reared /
kept for experiments or testing purposes.
Authorisation means permission granted by the prescribed
authority for the generation, collection, reception,
storage, transportation, treatment, disposal and/or anyother form of handling of bio-medical waste in accordance
with these rules and any guidelines issued by the Central
Government.
Authorised person means an occupier or operator
authorised by the prescribed authority to generate,collect, receive, store, transport, treat, dispose and/or
handle bio-medical waste in accordance with these rules
and any guidelines issued by the Central Government.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesImportant Definitions
Bio-medical waste treatment facility means any facility
wherein treatment, disposal of bio-medical waste or
processes incidental to such treatment or disposal is
carried out. Operator of a bio-medical waste facility means a person
who owns or controls or operates a facility for the
collection, reception, storage, transport, treatment,
disposal or any other form of handling of bio-medical
waste.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesSalient Features of BMW (M&H) Rules
Published by Govt. of India, under Section 6 & 25 ofEnvironmental Protection Act 1986 on 20/7/98 and appearedin official gazette of India on 27/7/98.
Application: These rules apply to all persons who generate, collect,
receive, store, transport, treat, dispose, or handle Bio-medical waste in any form.
Every occupier of an institution generating, collecting,receiving, storing, transporting, treating disposal and for
handling Bio-medical waste in any other manner, exceptsuch occupier of clinics, dispensaries, pathologicallaboratories, blood banks providing treatment/service toless than 1000 patients per month and also the operators of
Biomedical waste facility are covered under these rules.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesSalient Features of BMW (M&H) Rules
Rule 4 specify Duty of occupier (generator) to take all steps to
ensure that such waste is handled without any adverse effectto human health and the environment.
The occupier must ensure that any waste is treated in amanner which is not harmful to human health or the
environment. It is the responsibility of the occupier to set-up the requisite
bio-medical waste treatment facilities or to ensure requisitetreatment of waste at a common waste treatment facility or
any other waste treatment facility.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesSalient Features of BMW (M&H) Rules
Segregation, Packaging, Transportation and Storage:
The rules prohibit the mixing of bio-medical waste with
other wastes. It establishes that biomedical waste shall be segregated
into containers or bags at the point of generation prior toits storage, transportation, treatment and disposal. The
containers must also be labeled. This must be done in accordance with Schedule III found
in the rules. The general rule is that no untreated bio-medical waste is
to be kept stored beyond a period of 48 hours. Measures must be taken to ensure that the waste does not
adversely affect human health and the environment.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesSalient Features of BMW (M&H) Rules
Treatment and Disposal:
Bio-medical waste shall be treated and disposed of inaccordance with Schedule I, and in compliance with thestandards prescribed in Schedule V.
Every occupier, where required, shall set up in accordancewith the time-schedule in Schedule VI, requisite bio-medicalwaste treatment facilities like incinerator, autoclave,
microwave systemfor the treatment of waste, or, ensure requisite treatment ofwaste at a common waste treatment facility or any otherwaste treatment facility.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesAuthorisation and Reporting:
Every occupier of an institution generating, collecting,
receiving, storing, transporting, treating, disposing andhandling bio-medical waste except
clinics, dispensaries,
pathological laboratories and blood banks
which provide treatment/service to less than 1000 patients
per month shall make an application to the authorityestablished by the Government of the State or UnionTerritory for grant of authorisation.
a report must be submitted by every occupier by the January
31, every year.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesMaintenance of Records
Every authorised person shall maintain recordsrelated to the generation, collection, reception,storage, transportation, treatment, disposal and/orany form of handling of bio-medical waste inaccordance with these rules and any guidelinesissued.
All records shall be subject to inspection andverification by the prescribed authority at any time.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesAccident Reporting:
Where any accident occurs at any institution or
facility then the authorised person shall report theaccident to the prescribed authority.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesCategories, Color Coding & Type of Container for Disposal of BM Waste
Option Waste Category Treatment & Disposal
Cat. No. 1 Human Anatomical Waste (human tissues,organs, body parts) Incineration /deepburial
Cat. No. 2 Animal Waste Animal tissues, organs,Body parts carcasses, bleeding parts, fluid,
blood and experimental animals used inresearch, waste generated by
veterinary hospitals / colleges, dischargefrom hospitals, animal houses)
Incineration /deep burial
Cat. No. 3 Microbiology & Biotechnology waste(wastes from laboratory cultures, stocks orspecimens of micro-organisms live or
attenuated vaccines, human and animalcell culture used in research andinfectious agents from research andindustrial laboratories, wastes from
production of biological, toxins, dishesand devices used for transfer of cultures)
Local autoclaving/ microwaving/ incineration
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Option Waste Category Treatment & Disposal
Cat. No. 4 Waste Sharps (needles, syringes, scalpelsblades, glass etc. that may cause punctureand cuts. This includes both used &unused sharps)
Disinfections (chemicaltreatment /autoclaving/micro waving andmutilation shredding
Cat. No. 5 Discarded Medicines and Cytotoxic drugs(wastes comprising of outdated,contaminated and discarded medicines)
Incineration /destruction & drugsdisposal in securedlandfills
Cat. No. 6 Solid Waste (Items contaminated withblood and body fluids including cotton,dressings, soiled plaster casts,
line beddings, other material contaminatedwith blood)
Incineration ,autoclaving/microwaving
Cat. No. 7 Solid Waste (waste generated fromdisposable items other than the wastesharps such as tubing, catheters,
intravenous sets etc.)
Disinfections bychemicaltreatment autoclaving/mi
cro waving& mutilationshredding.
Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesCategories, Color Coding & Type of Container for Disposal of BM Waste
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesCategories, Color Coding & Type of Container for Disposal of BM Waste
Cat. No. 8 Liquid Waste (waste generated fromlaboratory & washing, cleaning , house-keeping and disinfecting activities)
Disinfections bychemical treatment anddischarge into drain
Cat. No. 9 Incineration Ash (ash from incineration ofany bio-medical waste)
Disposal in municipallandfill
Cat. No. 10 Chemical Waste (chemicals used inproduction of biological, chemicals, usedin disinfect ion, as insecticides, etc)
Chemical treatment &discharge into drain forliquid & secured landfillfor solids
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Color Coding & Type of Container for Disposal of Bio-Medical Waste
Colour Coding Typeof Containers
Waste Category Treatment Optionsas per Schedule 1
Yellow Plastic bag 1,2,3,6 Incineration/deepburial
Red DisinfectedContainer/ Plastic
bag
3,6,7 Autoclaving/Microwaving/ Chemical
Treatment
Blue/ Whitetranslucent
Plasticbag/puncture
proof container
4,7 Autoclaving/Microwaving/ chemical
treatment anddestruction/shreddi
ng
Black Plastic bag 5,9,10 (Solid) Disposal in secured
landfill
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesLabel for Transport of Bio-Medical Waste Containers/Bags
Day:______ Month _________
Waste Category No. _________ Year ______________Waste Class Date of generation__________
Waste Description Receiver's Name & Address
Sender's Name & Address Phone No.:_______________
Phone No.:_________________ Telex No. :_______________Telex No. _________________ Fax No. :________________
Fax No. ___________________ Contact Person:____________
Contact Person _____________
In case of emergency please Contact:
Name & Address:
Phone No.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) RulesTreatment of wastes
Disinfect: To cleanse so as to destroy or prevent the growthof disease-carrying microorganisms. A disinfectant orantiseptic is a chemical substance that kills or prevents growthof microorganisms such as disease-causing bacteria.
Autoclave: A strong, heated container used for chemical
reactions and other processes using high pressures andtemperatures. Autoclaving is a low heat thermal process and ituses steam for disinfection of waste.
Autoclaves are of two types depending on the method they
use for removal of air pockets are gravity flow autoclave and vacuum autoclave.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) Rules
Treatment of wastes
Mutilation: To disfigure by damaging irreparably Microwaving is a process which disinfects the waste
by moist heat and steam generated by microwaveenergy.
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Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) Rules
Treatment of wastes
Incineration is a waste treatment process thatinvolves the combustion of organic substances
contained in waste materials.
Incineration and other high temperature waste
treatment systems are described as "thermal
treatment".
Incineration of waste materials converts thewaste into ash, flue gas, and heat. The ash is
mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of
the waste, and may take the form of solid lumps
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