Final Review Key

1.The characteristics of life include [organization, [reproduction, [metabolism, [growth,

[heredity, [homeostasis, and [response to stimulus.2.The three components of an experiment are, the [independent variable, the [dependent

variable, and the [control. Put the levels of organization of Life and Earth in order from largest to smallest.

3. a Body systems4. f Biosphere

5. i Biomes6. c Atoms7. g Population

8. d Ecosystem9. k Organs10. j Cells11. h Tissues12. l Community13. e Molecules14. b Organism

.

a) 7b) 6c) 12d) 3e) 11f) 1

g) 5h) 9i) 2j) 10

k) 8l) 4

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15. Which one(s) is not a form of a symbiotic relationship? Choose all that apply.

a)Communismb)Mutualismc)Commensalismd)Parasitisme)catastraphismf)symbiosim

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16. The two energy categories that an organism can fall into are [Autotroph and [Heterotroph.

17. e carnivores18. d 2nd level carnivores19. a herbivores20. c Producers21. b 3rd level carnivores

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a) 2b) 5c) 1d) 4e) 3

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22. b Fossil23. a Biogenesis24. c Spontaneous Generation

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a) The idea that life can only arise from lifeb) The mineralization of an organisms remainsc) the idea that non-living material can produce

life.

25. [mutations are the mechanism that drives adaptation.

26.

27.

[Charles Darwin is the person given credit for the discovery of Natural Selection.

Decent by modification is the process of the diversity of an animal group changing over time due to small micro-evolutionary changes from an ancestor.a. True b. False

28. Please describe the process of natural selection and provide one example.Natural selection is the process of which diversity comes by means of survival based on adaptation. The beneficial adaptations allow one species to survive while other cause species to die and thus selecting the best genetics for that environment to be passed and thus allowing for diviersity. An example would be a white mice and a back mice on a white sandy beach, the white mouse will have better camouflage and thus will survive.

29. What is the difference between Observational Science and Historical Science?

Observational science is what can be tested, repeated, with empirical analysis in the now, and historical science is in the past and has to be based on a certain amount of assumptions; it cannot be tested directly or repeated.

Place in order from largest to smallest.30. d Organism31. f organs32. c tissues33. a cells34. b molecules35. e atoms

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a) 4b) 5c) 3d) 1e) 6f) 2

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36. A - [electron

B - [neutronC -  [proton

37. Electrons are found in the [orbitals of the [Energy Levels of the [Electron Cloud.

38. Covelant bonds steal electrons when bonding.

a)Trueb)False

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39. Ionic bonds are the bonds between amino acidsa)Trueb)False

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40. The bond between nucleic acids are peptide bonds.

a)Trueb)False

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41. What is a hydrogen bond, and why is it important?

A hydrogen bond is the weakest bonds that forms between molecules. It is important, bc it is strong enough to bond and hold for its needed duration, but weak enough that it does not take too much energy to break.

42. a solution has a pH of 2, is this an acid or base?

a)Acidb)Base

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43. What causes a solution to be an acid or a base? hint: (hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions)

If a solution has a high concentration of hydrogen ions, then it is an acid; if it has high concentration of hydroxide ions, then it is a base.

44. The compound in the picture above is polar molecule.

a)Trueb)False

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45. Duffusion is the process of

a)areas of high concentration moving to lower concentrationb)areas of low concentration moving to higher concentrationc)the movement of water through a gradientd)how much solvent is in a solution

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46. Osmosis is the process of water moving through a gradient.

a)Trueb)False

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47. The 3 functions of lipids (fats) are [cellular protection, [insulation, and [energy storage.

48. A sacharide is a ___________?a)glycerolb)carbohydratec)lipdd)protein

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49. Proteins are made up of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds.

a)Trueb)False

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50.The two types of Microscopes we went over are compound light and electron

a. True b. False

51.What are the 3 steps of cell theory?a. All Organisms are made up of cells b. All Cells come from pre-existing cells c. He cell is the basic unit of organization of a cell

52.What type of cells is shown below?a. Eukaryotic

53.Fill in the blanks (ten)

54.What type of cell is shown below?a. Prokaryotic

55.Fill in the blanks

A. Flagellum B. Cytoplasm C. Ribosomes D. Nucleolus/DNA E. Plasma Membran F. Cell Wall G. Vacuole H. Pili I. Capsule

56.The name of the model below isa. carbohydratesb. Wave Diagramc. Fluid Mosaic Model d. Cell Wall Diagram

57.How does it maintain homeostasis?

The plasma membrane maintains homeostasis by regulating what can move in and out of the cell based on the needs of the cell and the concentration gradient.

58.Name The 5 the structures listed below.

B. CarbohydrateC. Microtubule/Extracellular matrixD. Phospholipid Bi-layerE. CholesterolF. Membrane Protein

59.What two structures does a plant cell have that an animal cell does not?a. Cell Wallb. Chloroplasts

60.Match the organelle with its function by drawing a line.

Nucleolus Reads DNA and makes proteins Cytoplasm Is an energy storehouse for the cell

Ribosomes The workshop, where reactions take placeEndoplasmic Reticulum(ER) Resource storage structures

Golgi Apparatus Is the backbone/support system of the cell

Vacuoles Where ribosomes are madeLysosomes The gelatin that all organelles sit in

B

Chloroplasts The messaging and delivery system structure

Mitochondria The cells digestion system

cytoskeleton Converts light into energy

61.What is the difference between active and passive transport?

Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP and passive does not.

62.Osmosis is different from diffusion in that it is a specific type of diffusion which deals specifically with the transfer of water through the selectively permeable membrane determined by the concentration gradient and a few other factors.

a. True b. False

63.Match the cell with how it would look in that solution

a. Hypertonic C

b. Hypotonic B

c. Isotonic A

64.What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

Endocytosis is the process of the cell bringing in food and nutrients, and exocytosis is when the cells releases waste.

65.The three things that limit cell size are Diffusion rate, DNA, and surface volume ratio.a. True b. False

A C