Biodiesel State of The Industry and Fuel Quality - NBB USDA Coop Ext Webinar
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Biodiesel 2012 Current State of the Industry, the Renewable Fuel Standard 2, and Key Components to Maintaining Fuel Quality in the Supply Chain from Production through End-use A National Webinar for USDA Cooperative Extension Service presented by the National Biodiesel Board www.biodiesel.org
Current State of the Industry, the Renewable Fuel Standard 2, and Key Components to Maintaining Fuel Quality in the Supply Chain from Production through End-use. Biodiesel, a renewable liquid fuel produced from oils, fats, and/or greases brings many benefits to many different public and private sector stakeholders that currently utilize diesel fuel to power their vehicles/fleets. Biodiesel is a nontoxic, biodegradable fuel with many superior attributes to conventional diesel fuel including rural economic development, increased engine lubricity, emissions, and sustainability and conservation of natural resources versus its petroleum counterpart. In addition, as part of the recent national Renewable Fuel Standard 2 (RFS2) biodiesel volumes are projected to increase in coming years and biodiesel can now be used in many different economic sectors that currently use diesel fuel such as agriculture, underground mining, railroads, marine, and construction. Most importantly, maintaining fuel quality throughout the “supply chain” is critical to biodiesel’s success as a national alternate fuel.Due to the projected increases in biodiesel volumes, the National Biodiesel Board will conduct a national webinar to provide market and technical information on basic aspects of biodiesel as a blend stock for all diesel fuel market sectors. Specifically, we wish to provide information to Cooperative Extension Service personnel concerning the following:o Biodiesel Myths and Factso Accepted biodiesel definition by the US EPA as an alternate fuelo Biodiesel feedstockso The Renewable Fuel Standard-2 and its components (sustainability, qualified feedstocks and fuel pathways, ASTM definition, OEM acceptance) o New markets for biodiesel in the RFS-2 o Rural economic impactso Sustainability – air, water, and energyo Fuel Quality Specification – ASTM specifications and components for successful operation in diesel (compression-ignition) engineso Purchasing biodiesel – what to include in the purchase ordero Need for “supply-chain management” – steps to success before, during, and after receiving biodieselo On-site handling and storageo Cold weather concernso Engine warrantieso Educational resources and where to get current information
TRANSCRIPT
Biodiesel 2012
Current State of the Industry, the Renewable Fuel Standard 2, and Key Components to Maintaining Fuel Quality in the Supply
Chain from Production through End-use
A National Webinar for USDA Cooperative Extension Service
presented by the National Biodiesel Board
www.biodiesel.org
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The goal of today’s presentation is to provide information on the biodiesel industry as it stands in early 2012 and also take a look forward in some cases. We’ll cover the biodiesel industry from several different perspectives with an emphasis on its inner workings from feedstock production through end-use in diesel-powered vehicles and other applications. This will be somewhat of a high-level look and with respect to most slides presented today, much more information is available in greater depth that can’t be adequately covered in this one hour webinar. If you wish to get additional information on individual topics, please contact me at my e-mail provided on the final slide or the National Biodiesel Board.
Represents the biodiesel industry as the coordinating body for research and development in the United States.
Founded in 1992 by state soybean commodity groups.
Today NBB’s membership is comprised of state, national, and international feedstock and feedstock processor organizations, biodiesel suppliers, fuel marketers and distributors, and technology providers.
The National Biodiesel Board
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The NBB guides research and technical assistance and educational outreach programs to help get the most efficient use of funds to increase biodiesel use in the diesel market sector. The NBB has technical experts in a number of economic sectors that can answer questions and provide the latest information on all developments related to biodiesel use from feedstocks and agriculture to the finished fuel and its end use. Since creation NBB has spent more than $100M in research for the biodiesel industry. Quality efforts like emissions, Health Effects under Clean Air Act to prove that biodiesel “cause no harm”, ASTM specifications, and the BQ-9000 voluntary QA program where industry saw need to improve quality are prime examples. OEMs now have decreased concerns about quality due to BQ-9000. Contact the NBB at the web site or call 800-841-5849 or visit the web site listed at the bottom of the slide.
Official IRS and EPA definition – goes to the legal definition and to fuel quality.
Biodiesel, n. -- a fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats, designated B100, and meeting the requirements of ASTM D 6751.
Presenter
Presentation Notes
This is the exact nationally and internationally-accepted definition of biodiesel recognized by EPA and the IRS. These words in this order should be on every certificate of analysis from a producer of biodiesel because biodiesel is not recognized as the accepted biodiesel unless it meets the requirements of the above definition. These words are also important as engine manufacturers warranty their engines based on these words. This definition eliminates a lot of “imposter” fuels.
Biodiesel (B100) Definition
Eliminates: – Raw Vegetable Oils and Fats – Non-Esterified Oils – Partially Esterified Oils – Coal Slurries – Blends With Diesel – Any other ‘Biomass Based Diesel’ Many of these have caused serious problems
in diesel engines in past testing…. Or have not been scientifically tested at all !
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Biodiesel must meet every part of the ASTM D 6751 fuel specification. These “fuels” do not meet the specification and therefore can not legally be termed as biodiesel.
Biodiesel Reaction
100 Pounds Vegetable Oil
or Animal Fat
+
10 Pounds Alcohol
100 pounds Biodiesel
+
10 pounds Glycerine
In the presence of a catalyst Reacting: Yields:
What is Biodiesel?
Produces mono-alkyl esters – chemically similar to petrodiesel
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The reaction is as demonstrated above which is referred to as transesterification. Biodiesel can be made from: Vegetable oils (soy, canola/rapeseed, palm, etc.) Animal fats (pork fat, beef tallow, poultry fat) Used oils (used cooking oil, brown grease) Production skill, not feedstock, determines biodiesel quality. Feedstock should only affect a few properties: Cloud point Density & viscosity Cetane number Removal of the glycerin from the fat, oil, or grease makes the biodiesel essentially the same viscosity as diesel fuel. Biodiesel is not raw soybean oil. Methyl esters are produced which absolutely must meet the ASTM specification. If it meets the current specification, then its biodiesel.
Biodiesel Attributes
Blends with petrodiesel in any percentage —Once it is blended it does
not separate back out
Higher Cetane —Over 50 vs. average
petrodiesel around 44 —Smoother, more complete
burn
High Flash Point Makes it Safer —Non hazardous shipping
(over 200° F)
Virtually Zero Sulfur —Meets ULSD limits of 15 ppm or
less
Zero Aromatics Reduces Toxicity
Superior Lubricity with ULSD and Reduces Black Smoke (Particulates)
BTU level about 1.8% less at a B20 blend
Potential Cold Flow Concerns
Biodiesel is NOT raw vegetable oil !
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Key Points : Biodiesel is a domestic (versus foreign) alternative energy source and that it is renewable (unlike petroleum which is finite). Biodiesel can be produced from fats (beef tallow, pork lard), oilseeds (soybeans, sunflowers, canola, peanuts, cottonseed, etc.), and waste greases (yellow grease from McDonalds, Burger King, etc.) and that it is produced here in the United States. It can be and has been used in concentrations of as little as ½% to 100% in conventional diesel engines with very little or no modification. The most important point of this slide:Biodiesel IS NOT raw vegetable oil from the local grocery store! Biodiesel must be produced from a chemical engineering process known as transesterification or it cannot be called biodiesel. Transesterification removes the glycerin from the original oil or fat feedstock. Blends are based on volume; B10 means the volumetric percentage of one gallon is 10%, not the weight. This is an example of a biodiesel blend. B20 = 20% of the volume of one gallon is biodiesel, etc. Blends of ½% to 100% are used today.
Renewable Fuels Standard 2 (RFS2)
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5.0
10.0
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2006
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BIL
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Conventional Biofuels(20% GHG reduction)
Cellulosic(60% GHG Reduction)
Other Advanced Biofuels(50% GHG Reduction)
Biomass-based Diesel(50% GHG Reduction)
Note: 20% reduction for conventional biofuels applies only to new construction
RFS1
Adva
nced
Bio
fuel
s
Presenter
Presentation Notes
EPA is responsible for developing and implementing regulations to ensure that transportation fuel sold in the United States contains a minimum volume of renewable fuel. RFS-2 was finalized Spring 2010. Biodiesel “cut out” is the light green at the top of the graph. Biodiesel volumes are set in 2012 at 1 billion gallons per year and this is a “floor”, not a “ceiling” Specific Biomass-based diesel “cut out” and broadens program to include diesel fuel and non-road uses (except ocean-going vessels) and to allow for credits for renewable fuel used in jet fuel and home heating oil
Feedstock Options EPA approved pathways or those under review
Corn Oil from DGS
Yellow Grease
Animal Fats
Soybean Oil
Canola Oil (US & Canada)
Brown Grease Buckwheat
Algae
Camelina
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Any fat, oil, or grease by themselves is eligible for biodiesel production, but to qualify for the RFS-2 and generate RINs for compliance, the “feedstock pathways” or life-cycle analysis needs to have been determined by US EPA. Feedstocks need to meet the definition of “renewable biomass” as well both domestic and foreign. Non EPA feedstocks can be used, but do not qualify for the RFS-2 and can not generate RINs. Feedstock petitions: must meet the definition of renewable biomass all chemical and energy inputs clearly outlined yields references as well as possible land bases
Sustainability - Lower Emissions
U.S. biodiesel reduces lifecycle carbon emissions by 57% – 86% compared to petrodiesel, qualifying it as an Advanced Biofuel under RFS-2 and making it the best carbon reduction tool of any liquid fuel commercially available.
– Biodiesel from Waste Oils, Waste Grease and Animal Fats = 86% reduction in GHG Emissions – Biodiesel from Soy based oils = 57% reduction in GHG Emissions
Emission Type B20 B2
Total Unburned Hydrocarbons -20% -2.2%
Carbon Monoxide -12% -1.3%
Particulate Matter -12% -1.3%
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) +/-2% +/-.2%
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Biodiesel offers tremendous advantages with respect to exhaust emissions over conventional diesel fuel. The percent reductions are not necessarily linear, but are significant and some current research shows that NOx emissions actually may not increase, but instead may be the same as diesel or possibly even less than #2 diesel. Acid-rain causing sulfur dioxide emissions by virtually 100%. Harmful toxic emissions of polycyclic organic matter (POM), which can affect the reproductive, developmental, immunological and hormone systems in humans and wildlife, by more than 16%. The exhaust emission reductions are significant primarily for public health reasons as particulate matter is thought to contribute to those chemical compounds that could potentially cause cancer. Also, reductions in total unburned hydrocarbons is important due to the fact that these chemical compounds are precursors to the formation of ozone which exacerbates asthma.
Sustainability - High Energy Balance
Biodiesel has the highest energy balance of any commercially available fuel, returning 5.54 units of renewable energy for every 1 unit of fossil energy needed to produce it. This counts all energy used from “field-to-fuel”.
Compression Ignition Platform (i.e. diesel engine system) is 30% More Fuel Efficient Than Spark Ignition (i.e. gasoline, CNG, propane)
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Energy consumption in alternate, renewable fuels is important as it goes directly to sustainability. If more energy is used to make the fuel, we are burning fossil fuel faster than we can replace them with renewable fuel from an energy usage perspective. Energy usage in this case of soybeans includes all energy used to produce the soybeans in the field including planting, tillage, and harvesting plus all chemicals applied, if any as well as transportation to the crush facility, extraction of the oil, and production of the biodiesel from that oil. Similar analyses have been performed for other feedstocks as well and the energy balances are roughly the same. The major categories considered are: production or generation, transport to processing facility, conversion to biodiesel, and by-product credits.
Sustainability – Food versus Fuel (Co-products of Food Production)
With biodiesel, food isn’t sacrificed for fuel. Oils and fats for biodiesel are a minor by-product of producing food for humans and animals.
Soybeans are 80% protein, 20% oil. Protein meal for livestock feed is the primary driver for soybean production
Better utilization of the oil co-product can reduce the price of the protein meal. — No one grows livestock for its fat
content
—No one cooks more fried food to get used oil for biodiesel
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Biodiesel is produced from a variety of renewable resources, such as plant oils, animal fats, recycled grease, and even algae, making it one of the most sustainable fuels on the planet. In most, but not all cases, the oils or fats are by-products and therefore better utilization of it will help reduce meal prices. Most all fats, oils, and greases have other commodity values and hence the biodiesel industry must compete against them when making an alternate fuel.
Each biodiesel feedstock varies by its free fatty acid content and the different proportions of fatty acids found in each feedstock influence some biodiesel fuel properties
degree of saturation
• Cold flow properties • Cetane number
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Any fat, oil, or grease by themselves is eligible for biodiesel production, but to qualify for the RFS-2 and generate RINs for compliance, the “feedstock pathways” or life-cycle analysis needs to have been determined by US EPA. Non EPA-approved feedstocks can be used, but do not qualify for the RFS-2 and can not generate RINs. Oils and fats vary tremendously in their chemical composition – fats/oils with high free fatty acid contents such as inedible tallow and greases will gel quicker, but will have better ignition properties while the reverse is true as well.
Market Diversity Makes for Flexible RFS-2 Compliance
The RFS-2 allows for biodiesel to be used in a variety of newer markets not previously available in the RFS-1. These markets all have tremendous potential for biodiesel use even in small volumes of 2-5%. The total US distillate market averaged over 60 billion gallons from 2006 – 2010. The largest sector is the on-highway with over 37 billion gallons per year followed by residential, farm, and railroads. The percentage of biodiesel used in each application (the top end) is primarily a function of the warranty statement provided by the engine manufacturer.
2005 – Blenders’ Tax Credit in place and an upsurge in production. 2009 - the economy went south, the tax credit expired, and RFS2 wasn't implemented by EPA; therefore sales lagged. 2011 was the first year that we had full implementation of RFS2 (distinct category for D4 RINs) and the blenders’ tax credit was back.� 2012 Blenders’ Tax Credit expired again. The yellow bars through 2017 are based on a rigorous study for what the biodiesel industry realistically thinks it could credibly do given feedstock supply and other uses for lipids.
Economic Benefits Biodiesel helps our U.S. economy
and improves our balance of trade.
Using biodiesel creates added outlets for farm based products and high paid manufacturing jobs in rural parts of our country.
The 800 million plus gallons of biodiesel being produced in the U.S. in 2011 has also created nearly 31,300 U.S. jobs.
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Many economic benefits are realized beyond just the production of the biodiesel at a plant. These benefits extend all the way back to the farm and other economic/industrial/commercial sectors that supply goods and services for the agricultural and energy areas.
Fuel Quality & Standards
ASTM Specifications exist for: B100 (ASTM D6751) B5 and lower (ASTM D975) B6 to B20 (ASTM D7467) BioHeat® (ASTM D396)
Performance-based Standards !
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Currently 4 separate specifications exist for biodiesel use in the marketplace. All are performance-based standards in that they are designed to have safe operation within a compression-ignition engine or a burner for Bioheat. ASTM D6751 is the approved standard for B100 for blending up to B20, in effect since 2001 Performance-based standard: Feedstock and Process Neutral 48 states have now legislatively adopted the ASTM D6751 specifications for biodiesel Higher blends upon consultation with the OEM D975 – Covers petro diesel and blends up to 5% by volume biodiesel maximum for on/off road engines D7467 – Covers blends containing 6% to 20% by volume biodiesel for on/off road engines D396 (heating oil): Blends up to B5 Performance based for open flame burners Biodiesel must meet D6751 prior to blending
ASTM D6751 Specification
November 2011
Presenter
Presentation Notes
This specification covers biodiesel fuel blend stock, B100, in Grades S15 and S500 for use as a blend component with middle distillate fuels. This specification prescribes the required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery.
Presenter
Presentation Notes
It is important to understand right up front that fuel quality does not improve as the fuel is moved “downstream”, but if proper care is taken at selective points, then fuel quality can be maintained. In each system, “critical points” occur where the biodiesel either B100 or a blend is handled or transferred to another storage location or end-use and external factors such a climate or local conditions come into play. These can and unfortunately have affected biodiesel quality. Fuel quality is of paramount importance to all end users and education is also a very big key!
Pure biodiesel (B100) has a solvent effect, which may release deposits accumulated on tank walls and pipes from previous diesel fuel use.
With high blends of biodiesel (>20%), the release of deposits may clog filters initially and precautions should be taken to replace fuel filters until the petroleum build-up is eliminated.
This issue is less prevalent with B20 blends, and there is no evidence that lower-blend levels such as B2-B5 have caused filters to plug.
o Storage tanks contaminated with water or old fuel; bacterial growth
o Trucks not cleaned; carry-over residues
o Improper blending techniques
o Aged fuel – oxidation, precipitates, sediments
o ULSD occasionally out of spec
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Quality challenges do exist! Biodiesel is a perishable product when compared to petroleum diesel Biodiesel product quality issues can go unnoticed for months before creating operational issues Once fuel quality deterioration begins it is irreversible
Material Compatibility
Biodiesel and biodiesel blends will form high sediment levels when in contact with brass, bronze, copper, lead, tin and zinc
Biodiesel is compatible with stainless steel, aluminum, fluorinated polyethylene, fluorinated polypropylene, Teflon and most fiberglass
Teflon, Viton, fluorinated plastics, and Nylon are compatible with B100
Consult with your OEM
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Acceptable storage and handling materials include: Aluminum, steel, fluorinated polyethylene, fluorinated polypropylene, Teflon®, and most glass. Avoid B100 storage in systems containing galvanized metal or reactive metals (e.g. copper, iron, lead, tin, zinc). Avoid Nitrile rubber, polypropylene, polyvinyl, and Tygon® materials.
Upfront Preparation
Identify all potential seller’s – the entity from whom you purchase
Check them out with the NBB if you are unsure o Seller’s status with regard to their EPA registration o Any past fuel quality problems? Track record?
Before hand: Establish consistent “Control Points” throughout your operation long before biodiesel arrives on-site – arrival, delivery, storage, fuel out to customer
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Other precautions before product arrives: Take precautions so product never gets below 45F. (Feedstock dictates temperature) Require that product is hauled in insulated tankers from November 1 – March 1. Tanks, pipes, and pumps are all heated and insulated to insure product is kept above 45F. Sequential blending insures proper blending of biodiesel with petroleum diesel and additives.
“Critical Points” to Maintaining Biodiesel Fuel Quality
Were all storage tanks cleaned before delivery?
Were support personnel properly educated on storage and blending procedures?
Was fuel blended properly?
Do above-ground tanks and fuel lines need insulation?
Reputable producer checked with NBB?
All parts of the Certificate of Analysis & delivery agreed upon by both parties?
Were transport tanks properly cleaned?
Are heated tanks necessary?
What will be the length of storage?
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Here are some major critical points in the biodiesel ‘supply chain” with some key questions that need to be asked upfront to the producer and/or supplier depending upon where you are in the supply chain. Keep tanks topped off whenever possible. Tanks should be evaluated before and after fuel receipt and eliminate water when present. Inspect fill and vapor caps for damage and missing gaskets. Maintain desiccant dryer on vent pipes. Refer back to slide #22 for a more detailed description of each areas shown here and if you have any questions about the ‘low” of biodiesel from production through end-use, please contact the NBB.
Certificate of Analysis (COA) from Biodiesel producer to the Recipient of the B100/B99.9
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Certificate of Analysis A “C of A” must be available for every lot of biodiesel – do not accept without one! Should provide a complete list of specifications and test results May contain additional tests beyond ASTM D6751 Additional Information in the CoA: Which feedstocks were used in this particular load? Date of production? What are the “operability” limitations of the fuel/blend? Cloud point?
Verify fuel quality through a COA! o Correct purchase order or other
documentation? o Does it meet ASTM D6751 (B100)? o Is ASTM D7467 (B6-B20) applicable?
Collect and Retain at least (2) quarts
of fuel at delivery. o Collect sample initially into a clear container
for visual inspection
After Product Arrival
Presenter
Presentation Notes
In all fuel inventory transactions, it is necessary to get a look at the COA before distribution into tanks. Review your fuel analysis to ensure incoming fuel meets agreed upon specifications If either the biodiesel or generic diesel fuel fails to meet the agreed specification, notify your fuel supplier immediately Retain samples (quart) minimum should analytical work be required to evaluate future issues
Even though people say quality is important, at the end of the day people look at price.
So avoid buying off spec product because it looks like a good deal
Storing Biodiesel What you presently do for
diesel fuel, do the same for biodiesel (biocides, cold flow additives)
Biodiesel should be consumed within 3 to 6 months depending upon a number of factors.
Pay attention to fuel contaminants in general, air, water and fuel – where are you in the U.S.?
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Take precautions so B100 stays 10 – 15 F above the cloud point. Feedstock dictates temperatures Know this from your COA
Exposure to Air & Water It is not practical to keep air from entering the tank - air enters through vent pipes and contains large amounts of moisture. Water enters mostly as condensation from air, however vents and seals that are poorly constructed or maintained can allow water to infiltrate the storage tank. Will increase the oxidation of fuel. Do not store fuels for long periods of time in partially empty tanks without stabilizers.
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Free water in the fuel system accelerates corrosion and fuel degradation, it can also create a fertile growing place for “bugs.” Poor tank design can made complete removal of water impossible. Enters mostly as condensation from air, however vents and seals that are poorly constructed or maintained can allow water to infiltrate the storage tank.
Basic Blending Facts
Biodiesel can be blended with any kind of distillate fuel, diesel, kerosene (#1), heating oil, etc.
The more mixing the better!
Biodiesel is slightly heavier than diesel fuels (specific gravity of 0.88 compared to 0.85 for #2 and 0.80 for #1)
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Biodiesel can be blended with any kind of distillate fuel, diesel, kerosene, heating oil etc. Once blended thoroughly with diesel, it stays together as one fuel and does not separate over time (assuming the fuel is maintained at temperatures above its cloud point) Once blended the finished blend is treated like conventional middle distillates. Know your specifications before the fuels are put together because no testing is available to point out the true problem area once they are combined. 4 major blending operations: Splash - The biodiesel and diesel fuel are loaded into a tank separately with relatively little mixing occurring as the fuels are placed in the tank. In-tank - Biodiesel and diesel fuel are loaded separately, or at the same time through different incoming sources, but at high speeds Bottom-loading - frequently blended in bottom loading tank trucks – a little better than splash blending. Biodiesel loaded first, followed by diesel fuel where mixing begins In-line - Biodiesel is added to a stream of diesel fuel as it travels through a pipe or hose
Biodiesel and Cold Weather Operability
Basic Facts about Biodiesel & Cold Weather
B100 freezes faster than most US petrodiesel
Untreated B20 freezes about 2-10°F faster than #2 petrodiesel, depending on: o the cold flow properties of the biodiesel o the cold flow properties of the petrodiesel o at blend levels of 20% and less (< B20), the cold weather
parameters of the diesel fuel will dominate
Presenter
Presentation Notes
The same precautions need to be taken with biodiesel and biodiesel blends that you are currently taking with generic diesel to ensure trouble free winter operations. Traditional cold weather solutions for diesel work well with biodiesel, kerosene, block and filter heaters and in-door garaging of vehicles. Introduce cold flow additives when fuel temperature is above cloud point and treat the kerosene percentage as well to eliminate dilution.
Three Important Cold Weather Parameters that Define Operability for Diesel Fuels &
Biodiesel
Cloud Point Temperature where crystals first appear
Cold Filter Plugging Point The lowest operating temperature a vehicle will operate
Pour Point Lowest temperature where fuel is observed to flow
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Cloud Point: The temperature at which small solid crystals are first visually observed as the fuel is cooled. This is the most conservative measurement of cold flow properties, and most fuel can be used without problems below the cloud point but above the cold filter plug point. Although not 100 % failsafe, it is the most appropriate test for applications that can not tolerate much risk. Cold Filter Plug Point (CFPP): The temperature at which fuel crystals have agglomerated in sufficient amounts to cause a test filter to plug. The CFPP is less conservative than the cloud point, and is considered by some to be a better indication of low temperature operability. Pour Point: The temperature at which the fuel contains so many agglomerated crystals it is essentially a gel and will no longer flow. This measurement is of little practical value to users, since the fuel has clogged the filter long before reaching its pour point. Distributors and blenders, however, use pour point as an indicator of whether the fuel can be pumped, even if it would not be suitable for use without heating or taking other steps.
Key Considerations in the Distribution Chain
Understand and identify feedstocks and cloud point
o Tallow, Seed Oil, Waste Vegetable Oil, or combo o B100, B20, B5, BXX
Understand and identify how biodiesel and petroleum are blended
o Splash, In-line, In-tank, bottom loading o Heated / Ambient / Cold
Collect and Retain Documents
o Bill of Lading (detail type of fuel and quantity) o Certificate of Analysis (validate fuel meets ASTM specifications) o Chain of Custody (ensure lot traceability throughout its “lifecycle”) o Specify your operability conditions and requirements beforehand
Presenter
Presentation Notes
How will your B100 arrive to your facility? What products will you be mixing, B20, B2, B100 or an array of all? How much tankage do you have or can you appropriate? Is participating in the expanding biodiesel industry warrant the space or tankage? What will the capital outlay be to accommodate your planned events? What will your customers requirements be?
These are the Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) that support blends of at least B20 in their engines. A complete listing can be found at the web site listed at the bottom of the slide with any caveats each individual engine manufacturer may have concerning biodiesel use. It is always wise to check with the OEM or a dealer concerning biodiesel use. The warranty statement only covers biodiesel made that meets the ASTM D 6751 specification and in some cases BQ-9000 fuel is required. If any problems occur and are traced back to the biodiesel, the warranty is voided.
This is the most comprehensive manual available that covers all aspects of biodiesel from production through end-use. It is free and can be found at the web address listed or on the National Biodiesel Board web site.
Biodiesel Resources Call NBB: 1-800-841-5849
www.biodiesel.org • Biodiesel Training Toolkit • News Releases & Information Resources • Technical Library, Spec Sheets & Videos • OEM Warranty Positions on Biodiesel
