biodiversity
DESCRIPTION
Biodiversity. The number of different species that live within an ecosystem . Biomass. The mass of living biological organisms in an ecosystem at a given time The dry weight of organic carbon. Endemic Species. A species that is native to the area and ONLY found in that area Koala Panda - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Biodiversity• The number of different species
that live within an ecosystem
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Biomass• The mass of living biological
organisms in an ecosystem at a given time• The dry weight of organic carbon
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Endemic Species• A species that is native to the area
and ONLY found in that area•Koala•Panda•Kangaroo
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Endemic Species• Lemur, kiwi, platypus, rainforest frogs
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Galapagos Islands• Frigate Bird• Red footed bobby• Blue footed bobby• Galapagos penguin• Galapagos turtle
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Invasive Species• A species that does not naturally
occur in an area and causes harm to the ecosystem
Zebra Mussels Dyer’s Woad
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Invasive Species• Cheat Grass• Eurasian Dove
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Invasive Species • Burmese Python• Giant Rat
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Keystone Species• A species that is vital to an
ecosystem and the entire ecosystem will be affected if it is removed
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Keystone Species
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Endangered Species• A species whose numbers are so
small that it is at risk of extinction
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Endangered Species• Arctic Fox• Arctic tundra (Alaska, Canada,
Russia)•100’s of thousands•Climate change•Fur harvesting•Diseases from wild dogs
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Endangered Species• Peregrine Falcon• 1650 breeding pairs• U.S. and Canada: wide range•DDT and DDE (pesticides banned in the 1970’s) causes thinning of egg shells
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Endangered Species• Killer Whale• Less than 50,000•Pollution and chemical contamination•Makes them more susceptible to disease
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Endangered Species• Monarch Butterfly• North and Central America- migrate
to Mexico•Harvesting lumber in the area•Climate – changes migration area•Loss of milkweed plants
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Endangered Species• American Bison (North America)• 500,000•Disease - Crossbreeding with cattle•Hunting
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Endangered Species• African and Asian Elephants• 450,000-700,000 African• 35,000-40,000 Asian• Habitat loss• Tusk harvesting
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Endangered Species• California Condor• 279 : 130 have been reintroduced into the
wild• Western U.S., Mexico, Canada• Lead poisoning• Electrocution on power lines• Poaching
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Endangered Species• Mountain Gorilla• 700• Virunga mountain region (East Africa)•Habitat loss due to human population growth•Disease•Poaching
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Endangered Species• Black Rhino: 2,400
White Rhino: 7,500Sumatran Rhino: 400Javan Rhino: fewer than 100Indian Rhino: more than 2,000•Poaching for horns
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Endangered Species• Giant Panda• China• 2000•Climate change affecting bamboo growth•Habitat loss due to farming
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Endangered Species• Koala Bear• Australia• Fewer than 100,000•Habitat destruction•Hunted for furs•Traffic accidents•Attacked by domestic dogs
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Endangered Species• Chimpanzee• 100,000 – 200,000• African continent•Habitat destruction•Commercial exploitation
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Endangered Species• Ocelot• North and South America• 800,000 – 1.25 million•Habitat destruction•Fur harvesting
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Extinction• The end of a species of organism
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Extinct Species• Extinct animals• Labrador Duck (skunk duck)•1878: New York City•Over harvesting by humans (hunting)
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Extinct Species• Javan Tiger• Indonesian Islands•1976•Human expansion•Food source exhausted (Rusa deer)
• Bali Tiger•1937•Habitat loss •Over harvesting
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Extinct Species• North African Elephant• Egypt and Mediterranean • Used as war elephants
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Extinct Species• Passenger Pigeon• 1914• North America
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Extinct Species• Dodo Bird• Late 17th century• Island of Mauritius
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Reasons • Poaching• Pollution• Over hunting• Loss of habitat• Disease• Invasive Species• Predation• Climate change• Natural disasters•Meteorite impacts, volcanoes•Hurricanes, tsunami
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Mass Extinctions• Mass Extinction: when several
groups of species die out due to a major ecosystem changing event
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Mass Extinctions1. Ordovician: 438 million
years ago•Cause: Ice Age•100 families extinct •More than half of the brachiopod species extinct
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Mass Extinctions2. Devonian: about 370 mya•Global climate change: Ice Age or Warming Period•19% of animal families extinct (mostly Aquatic)
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Mass Extinctions 3. Permian: about 245 mya• Largest mass extinction•Causes? Climate change due to mass volcanic eruptions or plate tectonic movement•95% of all species
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Mass Extinctions4. Triassic: 210 mya•Global Ice Age•28% of all animal families die out•Most early dinosaur families went extinct
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Mass Extinctions5. Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T): 65 mya•Meteorite impact and/or volcanic eruptions•About half of all life forms died out including• Dinosaurs• Ammonites• Fish• Clams• Snails• Sponges• Sea urchins
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Evidence for Meteorite Impact
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The 6th Mass Extinction• 1993 • The Theory that humans will cause
another mass extinction• Only extinction caused by biotic factors •Pollution•Habitat destruction•Over harvesting•Exploitation of resources (poaching)• Introduction of invasive species