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BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

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Page 1: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

BioEd Online

Scientific Inquiry: Learning

Science by Doing Science

By Nancy P. Moreno, PhDBaylor College of Medicine

Page 2: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

What is Science?

Page 3: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

What Is Science Literacy?

Able to view the natural and human-made worlds with understanding.

Understand that “facts” are not enough.

Understand scientific patterns of thought.

Able to use scientific information to understand and solve human problems.

Page 4: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

Why Do We Need Science?

Science and technology have changed the ways we work, communicate and view the world.

Most jobs require some technological expertise.

Science is important for informed decision-making in everyday life.

Page 5: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

Are We Meeting Students’ Needs?

Most US high school students cannot apply science knowledge, design a simple experiment, or explain the reasoning behind their answers to science questions.

By 8th grade, US students score only about average in science (based on a study of 41 countries).

In all grades, “at risk” students attain lower science achievement levels.

Page 6: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

National Science Education Standards

Science is for all students.

Learning science is an active process.

School science reflects traditions of contemporary science.

Improving science is part of system wide educational reform.

Page 7: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

Standards Development

Developed by working groups of scientists, teachers and other educators.

Review and critique was requested of more than 250 organizations and 18,000 individuals.

Page 8: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

Standards

Science teaching

Professional development for teachers

Assessment at all levels

Science content

Science programs

Science education systems

Page 9: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

Science the Old-fashioned Way

Students read aloud from texts.

Students memorize long lists.

Content presented in lectures.

Tests require rote recall.

Lab experiences merely confirm what students have read or been told.

Goal of assessment is to grade students.

Page 10: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

Change in Approach

Less Lectures Individual learning Knowing facts Many topics Short investigations Cookbook science Getting an answer Assessing discrete

knowledge Teacher as technician

More Investigation of questions Cooperative learning Understanding concepts Fewer topics (in depth) Long-term investigations Learning by doing Interpreting evidence Assessing understanding Teacher as reflective

leader

Page 11: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

Inquiry

Understanding of “how science works”

Set of abilities (student can “do” science)

Instructional approach (a way of teaching science)

Page 12: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

Understanding of How Science Works

Not all questions are scientific. “Which toothpaste is best?” “What is the meaning of life?”

Scientists use a variety of approaches. Observational/Descriptive Experimental Comparative

Assumption of cause-and-effect relationships.

Scientific explanations are tentative, limited, and based on evidence.

Science relies on mathematics and technology.

Page 13: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

Inquiry Abilities: National Science Education Standards for Grades 9-12

Identify questions and concepts that guide science.

Design and conduct scientific investigations.

Use technology and math to improve investigations and for communication.

Recognize alternative explanations and models.

Communicate and defend a scientific argument.

Page 14: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

Inquiry: An Approach to Teaching and Learning

Questions posed by the students or by the teacher.

Students are given data or collect and analyze their own data.

Students use evidence to build an explanation (with or without guidance).

Students communicate explanations using their own formats, or formats and procedures that have been given to them.

Page 15: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

Learning Cycle Models

Exploration, Invention, Discovery (SCIS)

Engagement, Exploration, Explanation, Elaboration, and Evaluation (BSCS)

Focus, Explore, Reflect, Apply (NSRC)

Page 16: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

“Five E” Learning Cycle: Engage

Initiates the learning task.

Connects past and present learning experiences.

Creates interest and generates curiosity.

Uncovers students’ current knowledge (pre-assessment).

Page 17: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

“Five E” Learning Cycle: Explore

Provides students with a common base of experiences.

Gives opportunities for creative thinking and skills development.

Students test predictions and form new predictions and hypotheses.

Students record observations and ideas.

Page 18: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

“Five E” Learning Cycle: Explain

Students demonstrate conceptual understanding, skills and behaviors.

Students listen critically to others’ explanations.

Students develop vocabulary through applications of concepts.

Students learn to apply evidence.

Page 19: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

“Five E” Learning Cycle: Elaborate

Challenges and extends students’ conceptual understanding and skills.

Students use previous information to ask questions, propose solutions, make decisions.

Students apply concepts and skills to new situations.

Page 20: BioEd Online Scientific Inquiry: Learning Science by Doing Science By Nancy P. Moreno, PhD Baylor College of Medicine

www.BioEdOnline.orgBioEd Online

“Five E” Learning Cycle: Evaluate

Students demonstrate understanding of a concept or skills.

Students evaluate own progress.

Teachers evaluate students’ and their own progress.

Relies on alternate strategies for assessment (should be matched to pre-assessment).