biofuels
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
BIOFUEL
![Page 2: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is biofuel?Liquid fuel produced from plant products
Category: Biodiesel, Bioalcohols, Ethanol, pure vegetable oil, Biogas
An alternative to petroleum based fuel
Biodiesel feed stocks:•Palm•Coconut•Jatropha curcas • Rapeseed/ Mustard seed•Sunflower•Corn•Soybean•Peanuts•Algae•Used restaurant oil•Animal fats
Palm seeds
Coconut seeds
Rapeseeds Jatropha seeds
Sunflower seeds CornSoybean seeds
Pond Algae
![Page 3: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Biofuels derived from biomass or biowaste
biomass : material which is derived from recently living
organism / obtained from plants & animals byproducts
![Page 4: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
2 methods to form biofuel :
a) Sugar crops and starch are grown and through
process of fermentation, ethanol is produced.
![Page 5: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
b) Plants are grown naturally to produce oil like algae.
- oils are heated to reduce viscosity, then directly use as fuel for diesel engines
![Page 6: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• RENEWABLE SOURCE
(√) BIOFUEL(X) COAL(X) PETROLEUM(X) NUCLEAR FUEL
![Page 7: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
These are some of the agricultural products grown just for production
of BIOFUELS :
₰ switchgrass , soybeans , corn : USA
₰ sugar cane : BRAZIL
₰ sugar beet & wheat : EUROPE
₰ palm oil : South-East Asia
![Page 8: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
FIRST GENERATION BIOFUEL
![Page 9: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
FIRST GENERATION
Biodiesel
Biogas
SyngasBioalcohols
Vegetable Oil
![Page 10: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
BIODIESEL
♫ Undergoes transesterification
♫ Produced after mixing the biomass with methanol and sodium hyroxide
♫ Used for car diesel engines
![Page 11: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
VEGETABLE OIL
Generally use for cooking purpose
�Vegetable oil is mainly used for the production of biodiesel
![Page 12: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
BIOALCOHOLS
☻Fermentation process☻Common type of bioalcohol whereas butanol and propanol
☻Butanol is produced using the process of ABE fermentation
![Page 13: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Biogas
♦Biogas is mainly produced after the anaerobic digestion of the organic materials
♦Biogas produced is very rich in methane
![Page 14: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
syngas
◙This is a gas that is produce after the combined process of
A)gasification B)combustion C)pyrolysis
![Page 15: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
.
![Page 16: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
BIODIESEL
![Page 18: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
BIOALCOHOL
![Page 19: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
BIOGAS
![Page 20: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
LANDFILLS
![Page 23: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
WHAT ARE LANDFILLS?
A method of solid waste disposal in which refuse are buried between layers of dirt so as to fill in or reclaim low-lying ground.A site used for or reclaimed by such disposal
![Page 24: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Advantages of Landfills
Cheapest Way of Decomposing
Waste
Can be Turned to
A Beneficial Place
Wastes are Segregated Before
They are Taken In
![Page 25: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
THE PROBLEMS/IMPACTSCAUSED BY LANDFILLS!!!
Damage occurrence can include infrastructurePollution of the local environmentHarbouring of disease vectors from improperly operated landfillsDust ,odour, vermin or noise pollutionMore space would be needed for the landfill
Off gassing of methane generated by decaying organic wastes
![Page 26: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Can You GuessWhich Country
Is This???
Clue:It’s one of the country where landfills are regionally practised…
![Page 27: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
OTHER ALTERNATIVE
FUELS• NON- CONVENTIONAL FUELS
• RENEWABLE ENERGY• NON-CONVENTIONAL OIL• HYDROGEN• AIR ENGINE
![Page 29: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
WHAT IS SYNGAS?
♣Gas mixture of CO , CO2 and H♣Can be used as an intermediate
♣Can be used as fuel source♣Can be used to generate electricity
![Page 30: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF BIOMASS
![Page 31: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
• ADVANTAGES
① Biomass used as a fuel reduces need for fossil fuels for the production of heat, steam, and electricity for residential, industrial and agricultural use.
② Biomass is always available and can be produced as a renewable resource.
③ Biomass fuel from agriculture wastes maybe a secondary product that adds value to agricultural crop.
④ Growing Biomass crops produce oxygen and use up carbon dioxide.
![Page 32: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
⑤ The use of waste materials reduce landfill disposal and makes more space for everything else. ⑥ Carbon Dioxide which is released when Biomass fuel is burned, is taken in by plants.
⑦ Less money spent on foreign oil
![Page 33: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
•DISADVANTAGES❶Agricultural wastes will not be available if the basic crop is no longer grown.
❷Additional work is needed in areas such as harvesting methods .
❸Land used for energy crops maybe in demand for other purposes, such as faming, conservation, housing, resort or agricultural use.
❹Some Biomass conversion projects are from animal wastes and are relatively small and therefore are limited.
![Page 34: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
• ❺ Research is needed to reduce the costs of production of Biomass based fuels. Its expensive and requires a lot of resources to convert the raw materials to an energy source.
• ❻ Is in some cases is a major cause of pollution.
•
![Page 35: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
CONCLUSION
Biofuel production has lead to :
♥ rural electrification♥ improving agriculture♥ job creation ♥ women empowerment♥ power to local community
![Page 36: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Biodiesel plant to power butter processing equipment, Ghana,
initiated by women’s group and UNIFEM
An hour of pedaling activity converts vegetable oil to biodiesel in an Indian village.
The fuel is used to run irrigation pumps, tillers,rice hulling mills and generate electricity.
Engine driven oil expeller
![Page 37: Biofuels](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051610/548778c1b4af9f5f388b5364/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
THANK YOU