biogas market in germany · biogas market in germany sebastian stolpp head of international affairs...

Biogas market in Germany

Sebastian Stolpp Head of International Affairs

German Biogas Association

12th of February 2014, Paris

Outline

• German Biogas Association - Fachverband Biogas

e.V.

• Biogas in Germany

• Development of biogas production in Germany

2

German Biogas Association - Objectives

Objectives of Fachverband

Biogas e.V.:

•Promotion of the biogas sector

•Promotion of a sustainable energy

supply

•Definition of legal framework for reliable

and long-term investments

•Creation of adequate technical rules

and standards

•Promotion of R & D

•Exchange of information

•Members service

Lobbying on federal state, federal

and EU level in the following

fields:

•Renewable Energy Act (EEG)

•Energy management

•Regulatory approval

•Environmental law

•Laws on agricultural issues

•Tax law

•…

3

German Biogas Association – New service

Consultation on Partnering and Financing Opportunities for Biogas

Projects in Developing and Emerging Countries

• Companies from the EU are eligible for some of the partnering and

financing instruments of the German Development Cooperation

• feasibility studies, market studies, accompanying measures for biogas

projects, pilot plants, investment projects, training & qualification

4

Structure of the German Biogas Association

Headquarters in Freising

23 employees, organised in 10

departments

Board of Trustees

Elected honorary spokesmen of regional groups, working groups and

advisory boards

Steering Committee

7 members, elected for a 4-year-period

Berlin Office

5 employees

Regional offices (North,

South, East, West and

Editorial Office Biogas

Journal

5 employees

Advisory Boards, Working Groups

Advisory boards of plant operators, companies, the legal profession,

funders; Working groups for the areas permissions, safety, feeding-in

of biogas, environment, heat, waste and fertiliser law

over

40

0 h

on

ora

ry e

xp

ert

s

23 Regional groups in Germany

4.800 Members

Operators of biogas plants

Research Institutions

Interested private individuals

Companies and manufacturers

Lawyers

Corporate finance

Public authorities

Providers of feedstock

Planners, advisers, laboratories

Mem

ber

of

the

Eu

rop

ean

Bio

gas A

sso

cia

tio

n

(EB

A)

5

Non-profit association

Organisations of 26 countries

European Biogas Association

Outline


e.V.



7

Goals of the government till 2020

8

Goals for renewable energy sources Current status

35 % of electricity 22.9 % of electricity consumption

14 % of heat consumption 10.2 % of heat consumption

10 % of energy in transport 5.7 % of energy in transport

18 % of final energy consumption 12.7 % of final energy consumption

10 % reduction of electricity consumption 2.5 % increase of electricity consumption

20 % reduction of primary energy

consumption 3.8 % reduction of primary energy consumption

Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 40 %

35 % of electricity consumption 23.5 % of electricity consumption

Provision of electricity in Germany in 2012

9

Source: FvB based on AfEE 2013

618 TWh Natural

gas

11%

Lignite

26%

Hard coal

19%

Nuclear power

16%

Renewables

23%

Others

5%

Structure of the German power production

from renewable energy sources (2012)

10

More than 50 % of the

RES are fluctuating

Hydro 15.3%

Photovoltaic 18.5%

Wind 35.6%

Biowaste

3.4% Landfill gas

0.4%

Sewage gas

0.9% Biogas

17.4%

Liquid biofuels

0.3% Solid biofuels

8.1%

Biomass 30.5%

Overall: 145 TWh

Source: FvB based on BMU 2013

Share renewable energies on

overall consumption: 23.5 %

11

Flexibility instead of base load:

The new role of bioenergy

• With increasing share of RES baseload loses importance

• Flexible systems fill the valleys of the wind and sun

CHP with bioenergy & natural gas

Cap

acit

y [G

W]

red Demand (2010)

green Production Wind & Solar

20 % Renewable Energy Sources



• With increasing

share of RES

baseload loses

importance

• Flexible systems fill

the valleys of wind

and sun

CHP with bioenergy & natural gas

New role of biogas

Biogas as an all-rounder

The biogas is

burned in combined

heat and power

units (CHP) to

produce electricity.

CHPs produce heat

as a by-product.

Heat use increases

significantly the

efficiency of the

energy output

Biomethane as

transport fuel

becomes more and

more important,

over 100 gas

stations sell pure

biomethane

60 billion kWh

biogas to be fed in

annually by 2020

planned – goal still

far away

Biogas

Electricity Heat Fuel Natural Gas Grid

Biogas is a base and peak load compatible primary energy

carrier and therefore an important guarantor for future mobility

and energy supply.

ca. 7.700 AD plants 124 AD plants

EEG/GasNZV BioKraftQuG

Feedstock in German biogas plants in 2012

13

Energy plants

Biowaste

Liquid & solid

manure

Source: FvB based on DBFZ-Betreiberumfrage (2012/2013)

Industrial &

agricultural

residues

% by weight % by energy output

Potential for biogas and already used biomass

NawaRo

WD tierischer Herkunft"Nichtflächen"-

NawaRos

Rein pfl. Neben-produkteliste

Bioabfälle Tierische Neben-produkte

0

500

1.000

1.500

2.000

2.500

3.000

3.500

4.000

Ins

tallie

rba

re L

eis

tun

g in

MW

el

Potenzial in MW installierbare Leistung

bereits installierte Leistung in MW

Annahme: 4 Mio. ha Ackerf lächen stehen für den Anbau von Energiepf lanzen zur Verfügung, davon 2 Mio. ha für BiogasBerechnungen FvB 2012; Datengrundlage KTBL 2010; DBFZ 2011

Energy plants

Animal excrements

Biowaste Organic waste

from animals

„Non-area“ renewable

primary products

Potential in MW installed electric capacity

already installed electric capacity in MW

Pure by-products

from plants

Ins

tall

ab

le c

ap

ac

ity i

n M

Wel

Biogas from animal by-products (Germany)

VO (EU) Nr. 1069/20009

• Category 3 material (slaughterhouse waste)

• Category 2 material (manure)

Source: BMELV 2010

182 million m³/a manure

Approx. 19 % already used in

2744 approved biogas plants

5 million t/a

Approx. 2.2 million t/a used in


182 million m³/a manure

Approx. 19 % already used in

2.744 approved biogas plants

5 million t/a

Approx. 2.2 million t/a used in


14.2 million t/a separately collected biowaste (incl. 8.2 million t/a municipal biowaste)

Incineration Composting Fermentation

material energetic recycling/ recovery

Approx. 4.6 million t/a biowaste (2.4 million t / a household biowaste)


(approx. 100 municipal plants)

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, 2009

Biogas from biowaste (Germany)

Number of biogas plants & installed electric

capacity (as of 11/2013)

18

139 159 186 274 370 450617

8501,050

1,3001,600

1,750

2,050

2,680

3,5003,711

3,891

4,984

5,905

7,175

7,515

7,720

7,900

390

650

1,1001,271

1,377

1,893

2,291

3,097

3,352

3,547

3,750

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

Insta

lle

d e

lec

tric

cap

ac

ity

Nu

mb

er

of

bio

gas

pla

nts

Years

Number of biogas plants

Installed electric capacity incl. repowering [MW]

©Fachverband Biogas e.V.

822

2294

301

3

175

330

1480

580

12814

231298

620

239272

702

192

2 74

230

783

239

50 6

104165

253

113

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

1500

1600

1700

1800

1900

2000

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500

Nu

mb

er

of

bio

gas

pla

nts

Number of biogas plants as of 31/12/12

Inst. electric capacity as of 31/12/12 [MW]*

©Fachverband Biogas e.V.

* Electric capacity with exclusion of electricity from biomethane

Development of biogas in the German states*

19

820

2,290

1,480

620

240 300

3

300

180

330

580

130 14

230

*all values rounded

• Currently 130 feed-in plants in operation

with roughly 0.93 billion Nm³/a

• 62 projects planned or under

construction

• 119 biogas filling stations in operation

and about further 170 filling stations

offering a blend of biomethane and

natural gas

Political goal:

2020: 6 billion Nm³/a

2030: 10 billion Nm³/a

Source: dena

Biogas feed-in projects

2011* 2012* Forecast 2/2013** Forecast 2014**

Number of biogas plants (thereof plants feeding in biomethane)

7,175 (77) 7,515 (109) 7,720 (124) 7,900 (139)

Additional installations per year 1,270 340 205 180

Additional installed electric capacity in MW per

year (incl. upgrading)806 255 194 203

Additional installed electric capacity in

permanen use in MW per year (w ithout upgrading)- - 144 150

Installed electric capacity in MW (incl. feeding-in of biomethane)

3,097 3,352 3,547 3,750

Electric capacity in permanent use in MW (incl. feeding-in of biomethane)

- - 3,496 3,647

Overall capacity for upgrading of raw gas to

biomethane (Nm³/h)86,175 116,175 131,175 146,175

Share of German electricity generation in % 3.17 3.85 ca. 4.02 ca. 4.42

Jobs 63,213 45,485 39,603 41,642

© F achverband B io gas e.V. * own extrapolation based on data from the German states

** based on an expert survey

Volume of trade in billion Euro 8.3 7.3 6.6 7.3

Households supplied with electricity from

biogas in Mio.5.5 6.5 6.8 7.5

Annually net generation of electricity inTWh

per year (w ithout upgrading)19.09 22.84 23.90 26.23

Installed electric capacity in MW (w ithout feeding-in of biomethane)

2,984 3,200 3,375 3,558

Biogas sector at a glance

21

7,770 (124)

4.0 %

3,530

All values rounded!

40,000

Outline


e.V.



22

Development of the Renewable Energy Act (2000-2012)

23

• Consistent fee for 20 years

• Priority connection

• 250 new plants a year

EEG 2000

• Bonus for energy crops

• Bonus for using heat


EEG 2004

• Bonus for new techniques

• Bonus for emission reduction

• Bonus for manure


EEG 2009

• New system

• New requirements on efficiency and ecology

• 200-300 new plants a year

EEG 2012

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

Ad

dit

ion

al

bio

ga

s p

lan

t in

sta

lla

tio

ns

pe

r ye

ar

Years

EEG 2000 EEG 2012EEG 2009EEG 2004

Additional biogas plant installations per year

24

© Fachverband Biogas e.V.

EEG 2012

• Reduction of compensation, but possibility of

mixture of input material (compensated according to

methane production), advantages for big plants.

• Limitation of maize as feedstock (not more than

60 % maize silage over the year - by weight)

• Obligation for covering of digestate storage and

necessity of hydraulic retention time of at least 150

days

• Either 60 % heat utilization or 60 % manure

utilization (by weight)

• Minimum external heat utilization (at least 35 %)

• Direct marketing possible due to market premium

and flexibility premium

Promotion of Direct Marketing of Electricity

• Increasing share of renewable energy leads to a more

volatile electricity production

• Increasing importance of controlled power stations: e.g.

biogas

• EEG 2012 (market bonus – management bonus, flexibility

bonus) offers opportunities for additional income

• Special biogas plants for electricity production according to

market need

• Storage capacity

• Higher installed capacity

New feed-in system EEG 2012

Biogas

Small manure installations

(0-75 kW)

- 80 % manure -

Basic tariff for biogas

installations

Input material

category I

Input material

category II

Biowaste installations

- 90 % biowaste -

29

Feed-in tariffs under the EEG 2012 (ct/kWhel)

a) No combination with basic compensation and/or compensation for input material of category I

and II possible!

b) No combination with basic compensation and/or compensation for input material of category I

and II possible!

c) Electricity from manure and dung

Category

Basic

compen-

sation

Input material

category I Input material

category II Digestation of

biowasteb)

Bonus for upgrading of

biogas

≤ 75 kW 25 ct/kWha)

3 ct/kWh to 700

Nm³/h

2 ct/kWh to 1.000

Nm³/h

1 ct/kWh to 1.400

Nm³/h

nominal output of feed-in

plant

≤ 150 kW 14.3 ct/kWh 6.0 ct/kWh 8.0 ct/kWh 16 ct/kWh

≤ 500 kW 12.3 ct/kWh 6.0 ct/kWh 8.0 ct/kWh 16 ct/kWh

≤ 750 kW 11.0 ct/kWh 5.0 ct/kWh 8.0/6.0c) ct/kWh 14 ct/kWh

≤ 5.000 kW 11.0 ct/kWh 4.0 ct/kWh 8.0/6.0c) ct/kWh 14 ct/kWh

≤ 20.000 kW 6.0 ct/kWh 0.0 ct/kWh 0.0 ct/kWh 14 ct/kWh

EEG Paper 2013: New plans for biogas I

• Regulation of quantity: Additional biogas plant capacity > 100

MW 5% degression

• Complete cancelation of bonus of input material categories

• Complete cancelation of bonus for upgrading of biogas to

biomethane

• No rules for transition (no security of planned investments)

• Compensation for 75 kW-class of small biogas plants based on

manure shall be kept

31

EEG Paper 2013: New plans for biogas II

• Compensations for transition to more flexibility in existing

biogas plants will be kept

• Reduction of compensations

• Duty for direct marketing for biogas plants over 500 kW (later

also 250 kW- and 100 kW-classes)

• Input material will be restricted to biowaste and dung / manure,

no energy plants

32

Sebastian Stolpp

Head of International Affairs

German Biogas Association

phone: +49 8161 984677

e-mail: [email protected]

www.biogas.org

33

Thank you for your attention!

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