biological effects related to the prestige oil spill in demersal fish from the northern iberian...
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Biological effects related to the Prestige oil spill in demersal fish from the northern
Iberian shelf
Martínez-Gómez C., Campillo J.A., Benedicto J., Fernández B., Valdés J., García I. & Sánchez F*.
Spanish Institute of Oceanography.
Oceanographic Centre of Murcia (Marine Environment Protection Area)
Oceanographic Centre of Santander (Fisheries Area)
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European Space Agency.
December 2002
www10.uniovi.es/prestige/ fotos/fotosSatelite.htm
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The potencial toxicity of the fuel should not be evaluated on the only basis of the 16 EPA PAH content in the fuel (less than 0.1% --- 63 Tons).
The fuel contains more than 3% GC-resolved alkylated PAH and total aromatic content is around 50%.
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It may have potentially carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenigc effects for the marine organisms and humans. They may act also as endocrine disruptors.
Prestige fuel oil (J. Oudot. http://www.le-cedre.fr/fr/prestige )
Heavy metal contamination in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean (Prego & Cobelo-García., 2004)
Biological effects of the pollution: Sublethal effects
Pollution contributes to the stress in marine organisms
Marine organisms are provided with physiologial and biochemical mechanisms to survive in degraded habitats
Great part of the biological changes are due to low exposition levels of pollutants for long time periods.
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Chronic Pollution
MAIN OBJECTIVE:
HANDICAP:
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To carry out a medium term biomonitoring programe, using biochemical biomarkers related with the PAHs exposure in demersal fish from the Galician-Cantabrian shelf...... In order to evaluate the possible biological effects related with the Prestige oil spill
Until the Prestige sank, no studies using biochemical biomarkers in fish species had been made on the Galician-Cantabrian shelf.
(Bayne et al., 1985; Moore & Simpson, 1992; Moore et al., 1994; Moore, 2002a).
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Lepidorhombus boscii:
Muddy bottoms
Depths of 120 to 350 m
Pietrapiana et al., 2002
Callyonimus lyra:
sandy bottoms
depths less than 150 m
Burgeot and Galgani, 1994 S
pan
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In
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of
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Sánchez et al., 2002
SELECTED BIOMARKERS
•EROD activity in microsomal fractions (Burke & Mayer, 1974).
•Glutation-S-Transferase activity in citosolic fractions (Habig &
Jakoby, 1981)
•Glutation Reductasa activity in citosolic fractions (Karacoh et al.,
1998).
•Catalase activity in citosolic fractions (Greenwald, 1985)
•Evaluation of genotoxic effects using the alkaline filter elution
method recommended by MED POL (UNEP/RAMOGE, 1999).
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“An assessment of the impact of the Prestige oil spill on the ecosystems on the continental shelf and its resources. Spring period”.
Marzo 2003-Sept 2003
“Distribution, evolution and effects of the fuel-oil in the coast affected by the Prestige Oil Spill. Integrated study.
Jan 2004- Dec 2006
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Survey carried out in April 2003
71-120 m (n=12)size range [18-20] cm (age class 2)
121-200 m (n=12) 201-500 m (n=6) size range [18-20] cm (age class 2)
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
10
20
40
60
80MF
FE
EP PA AB
EROD activity
L. boscii
EROD activity levels (pmol*min-1*mg prot.microsomal-1)
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of
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og
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hy
RESULTS APRIL 2003
Lepidorhombus boscii
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Ga
licia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Ga
licia
N
Ast
uri
as
W
Ast
uri
as
E
Ca
nta
bri
a
Ba
squ
eC
ou
ntr
yER
OD
(p
mo
l*m
in-1
*mg
pro
t-1
)
S GaliciaFinisterreN GaliciaW AsturiasE AsturiasCantabriaBasque Country
S GaliciaFinisterreN GaliciaW AsturiasE AsturiasCantabriaBasque Country
GST activity rates (nmol*min-1*mg prot. cit.)
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
75100125150200
MF
FE
EP PA AB
GST activityL. boscii
Sp
an
i sh
In
st i
t ut e
of
Ocean
og
r ap
hy
RESULTS APRIL 2003
Lepidorhombus boscii
020406080
100120140160180
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
GS
T (
nm
ol
min
-1 m
g c
yt.
pro
tein
-1)
S GaliciaFinisterreN GaliciaW AsturiasE AsturiasCantabriaBasque Country
S GaliciaFinisterreN GaliciaW AsturiasE AsturiasCantabriaBasque Country
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
5
10
15
20
25
MF
FE
EP PA AB
GR activity
L. boscii
Sp
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og
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RESULTS APRIL 2003
Lepidorhombus boscii
0
5
10
15
20
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
GR
(m
mo
l m
in-1
mg
cyt
. p
rote
in-
1)
S Gal iciaFinist erreN GaliciaW As turiasE AsturiasCantabriaBasqu e Co untry
S Gal iciaFinist erreN GaliciaW As turiasE AsturiasCantabriaBasqu e Co untry
GR activity rates (mmol*min-1*mg prot. cit.)
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15GR
(nanom
ol *
min
-1*
mg p
rot cito
sólic
a)
L. Boscii 120-200m
L. Boscii 200-500m
0
5 0
1 00
1 50
2 00
2 50
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 11 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5
L . b os c ii 1 20 -2 00 m
L .b bo s c ii 20 0 -50 0m
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og
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RESULTS APRIL 2003
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RESULTS APRIL 2003
Catalase (mmol*min-1*mg prot. cit.)
S GaliciaF inisterreN GaliciaW AsturiasE AsturiasC antabriaB asque Coun try
S GaliciaF inisterreN GaliciaW AsturiasE AsturiasC antabriaB asque Coun try
0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
As
turia
sW
As
turia
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
Ca
tala
se(m
mo
lmin
-1m
gpr
ot-1
)
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RESULTS APRIL 2003
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
306090120150
MF
FE
EP PA AB
(K x 1000)Genotoxic damages
L. boscii
Genotoxicity: Elution rate constant
S GaliciaFinisterreN GaliciaW AsturiasE AsturiasCantabriaBasque Country
S GaliciaFinisterreN GaliciaW AsturiasE AsturiasCantabriaBasque Country
0,00
0,02
0,04
0,06
0,08
0,10
0,12
0,14
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
s
W
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
K(c
ons
tant
elut
ion
rate
)
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
50100200
300400
MF
FE
EP PA AB
EROD activityC. lyra
Sp
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In
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of
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og
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EROD activity levels (pmol*min-1*mg prot.microsomal-1)
RESULTS APRIL 2003
S Galicia
FinisterreN GaliciaW Asturias
E Asturias
Cantabria
S Galicia
FinisterreN GaliciaW Asturias
E Asturias
Cantabria
Callionymus lyra
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntryE
RO
D (
pm
ol*
min
-1*m
g p
rot-
1)
Sp
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RESULTS APRIL 2003
GST activity rates (nmol*min-1*mg prot. cit.)
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
100
125
150
200
250MF
FE
EP PA AB
GST ActivityC. lyra
Callionymus lyra
-10
40
90
140
190
240
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
GS
T (
nm
ol
min
-1 m
g c
yt.
pro
tein
-1)
S Gal icia
Finist erreN Ga liciaW As turias
E Ast urias
Canta bria
S Gal icia
Finist erreN Ga liciaW As turias
E Ast urias
Canta bria
Sp
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In
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of
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og
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RESULTS APRIL 2003
GR activity rates (mmol*min-1*mg prot. cit.)
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
15
18
21
24
27MF
FE
EP PA AB
GR activity
C. lyra
Callionymus lyra
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
GR
(m
mo
l m
in-1
mg
cyt
. p
rote
in-
1)
S GaliciaFinisterreN GaliciaW AsturiasE AsturiasCantabriaBasque Country
S GaliciaFinisterreN GaliciaW AsturiasE AsturiasCantabriaBasque Country
Sp
an
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In
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t ut e
of
Ocean
og
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hy
RESULTS APRIL 2003
Catalase activity rates (mmol*min-1*mg prot. cit.)
Callionymus lyra
0
2
4
6
8
10
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
Cat
alas
e (m
mo
l m
in-1
mg
cyt
. p
rote
in-1
)
S Galicia
Fi nisterreN GaliciaW Asturias
E Asturias
C antabria
S Galicia
Fi nisterreN GaliciaW Asturias
E Asturias
C antabria
Sp
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og
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RESULTS APRIL 2003
Genotoxicity: Elution rate constant
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
306090120150
MF
FE
EP PA AB
(K x 1000)Genotoxic damagesC. lyra
Finiste rre
N Gali cia
W Asturias
E Astu rias
Finiste rre
N Gali cia
W Asturias
E Astu rias
0,00
0,02
0,04
0,06
0,08
0,10
0,12
0,14
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
K(c
onst
ant
elu
tion
rate
)
EROD activity and fuel (p=0.024)
Elution rate “k” and tar aggregates p=0.025
Sánchez et al., 2002
González et al., 2003 Rodríguez et al., 2003
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
10
12
15
17
20MF
FE
EP PA AB
PMS content mg PMS/ml MF
C. lyra
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
9.00 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
42.00
43.00
44.00
5
10
15
20
25MF
FE
EP PA AB
PMS contentmg PMS/ml MF
L. boscii
Sp
an
i sh
In
st i
t ut e
of
Ocean
og
r ap
hy
10° 9° 8° 7° 6° 5° 4° 3° 2°
S. GALICIA
FINISTERRE
N. GALICIA W. ASTURIAS E. ASTURIAS CANTABRIA
Callionymus lyraAbril 2003Octubre 2003Abril y Octubre 2003°42
°43
°44
PenínsulaIbérica
Mar Cantábrico
O. A
tlánt
ico
100
200500
1
3
2
4
5
67
8 9 10 11
12 13 14
10° 9° 8° 7° 6° 5° 4° 3° 2°
42°
43°
44°
12
3
45
67
89
10
1112
13
1415
1617 18
19
20
2122
232425
2627
28
2930
31
3233 34
3536
3738
394041
42
43 44
4546
474849
50
51
52
53
5455
5657
58
5960
61
6263
64 65 66
6768
69
7071
72
7374 757677
78 79
80
81
82 83 848586
87 88
899091
9293
9495
96
9798
99 100 101
102 103104105
106107108
109110 111112113114 115
116117
118119
120
size range [19-21] cm (age class 2)
Sp
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In
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of
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og
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hy
Survey carried out in October 2003
Callionymus lyra
0,0001,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,000
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
Cat
alas
e (m
mo
l m
in-1
mg
cyt
. p
rote
in-1
)
April 03
October 03
Galicia N
Asturias W
Asturias E
Cantabria
Callionymus lyra
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
GR
(m
mo
l m
in-1
mg
cyt
. p
rote
in-
1)
April 03
October 03
Galicia N
Asturias W
Asturias E
Cantabria
Callionymus lyra
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
GS
T (
nm
ol
min
-1 m
g c
yt.
pro
tein
-1)
April 03
October 03
Galicia N
Asturias W
Asturias E
Cantabria
Callionymus lyra
050
100150200250300350400450
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntryE
RO
D (
pm
ol*
min
-1*m
g p
rot-
1)
April 03
October 03
Galicia N
Asturias W
Asturias E
Cantabria
González et al., 2004)
°42
°43
°44
10° 9° 8° 7° 6° 5° 4° 3° 2°
S. GALICIA
FINISTERRE
N. GALICIA W. ASTURIAS E. ASTURIAS CANTABRIA
Lepidorhombus bosciiAbril 2003Octubre 2003Abril y Octubre 2003
PenínsulaIbérica
Mar Cantábrico200
500
PAIS VASCO
22
35
4
7
6
8
910
1112
13
1415
17
16
1819
2122
23
20
24
25
2628
29
2730
31
3234
33
35 36
3738
39
40 41
4243
44
454748
504946
10° 9° 8° 7° 6° 5° 4° 3° 2°
42°
43°
44°
12
3
45
67
89
10
1112
13
1415
1617 18
19
20
2122
232425
2627
28
2930
31
3233 34
3536
3738
394041
42
43 44
4546
474849
50
51
52
53
5455
5657
58
5960
61
6263
64 65 66
6768
69
7071
72
7374 757677
78 79
80
81
82 83 848586
87 88
899091
9293
9495
96
9798
99 100 101
102 103104105
106107108
109110 111112113114 115
116117
118119
120
Sp
an
i sh
In
st i
t ut e
of
Ocean
og
r ap
hy
Survey carried out in October 2003
Lepidorhombus boscii
00,10,20,30,40,50,60,7
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
Cat
alas
e (m
mo
l m
in-1
mg
cyt
. p
rote
in-1
)
April 03
October 03
Galicia SFinisterreGalicia NAsturias WAsturias ECantabriaBasque Country
Lepidorhombus boscii
0
5
10
15
20
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
GR
(m
mo
l m
in-1
mg
cyt
. p
rote
in-
1)
April 03
October 03
Galicia SFinisterreGalicia NAsturias WAsturias ECantabriaBasque Country
Lepidorhombus boscii
0
50
100
150
200
250
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntry
GS
T (
nm
ol
min
-1 m
g c
yt.
pro
tein
-1)
April 03
October 03
Galicia SFinisterreGalicia NAsturias WAsturias ECantabriaBasque Country
Lepidorhombus boscii
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
sE
Can
tabr
ia
Bas
que
Cou
ntryE
RO
D (
pm
ol*
min
-1*m
g p
rot-
1)
April 03
October 03
Galicia SFinisterreGalicia NAsturias WAsturias ECantabriaBasque Country
4 times minimum value
0
5
10
15
20
25
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
s E
Can
tabr
ia
P. V
asco
As
(m
icro
g/k
g p
.f.)
abr-03
oct-03
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,40
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
s E
Can
tabr
ia
P. V
asco
Hg
(m
icro
g/k
g p
.f.)
abr-03
oct-03
0,00
0,50
1,00
1,50
2,00
2,50
3,00
3,50
4,00
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
s E
Can
tabr
ia
P. V
asco
Zn
(m
icro
g/k
g p
.f.)
abr-03
oct-03
0
0,05
0,1
0,15
0,2
0,25
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
s E
Can
tabr
ia
P. V
asco
Cu
(m
icro
g/k
g p
.f.)
abr-03
oct-03
0,00
0,50
1,00
1,50
2,00
2,50
3,00
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
s E
Can
tabr
ia
P. V
asco
Cd
(n
an
og
/kg
p.f
.)
abr-03
oct-03
0,000
0,005
0,010
0,015
0,020
0,025
0,030
0,035
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
s E
Can
tabr
ia
P. V
asco
Pb
(m
icro
g/k
g p
.f.)
abr-03
oct-03
Abri l 2003 Niveles de Hg (microg/Kg p .f.)
0.02 to 0.115
0.115 to 0.21
0.21 to 0.3 0.3 to 0.4 0.4 to 0.5
Niveles de Hg (micro g/kg p.f .)
0.02 to 0.115
0.115 to 0.21
0.21 to 0.3 0.3 to 0.4 0.4 to 0.5
Octubre 2003
Abril 2003 Niveles de Zn (microg/kg p.f..)
1.5 to 2
2 to 2.5
2.5 to 3
3 to 3.5
3.5 to 4
Niveles de Z n (micro g/kg p.f .)
1.5 to 2
2 to 2.5
2.5 to 3 3 to 3.5 3.5 to 4
Octubre 2003
Abril 2003 Niveles de Cu (microg/kg p .f..)
0.05 to 0.11 0.11 to 0.17 0.17 to 0.23
0.23 to 0.29 0.29 to 0.35
Niveles de Cu (microg/kg p.f.)
0.05 to 0.11
0.11 to 0.17
0.17 to 0.23
0.23 to 0.29
0.29 to 0.35
Octubre 2003
Abril 2003 Niveles de Cd (ng/kg p.f.)
0.5 to 1.5
1.5 to 2.5
2.5 to 3.5
3.5 to 4.5
4.5 to 5.5
Niveles de Cd (ng/kg p.f.)
0.5 to 1.5
1.5 to 2.5
2.5 to 3.5 3.5 to 4.5 4.5 to 5.5
Octubre 2003
Abril 2003 Niveles de Pb (microg/kg p.f.)
0.015 to 0.02
0.02 to 0.025
0.025 to 0.03
0.03 to 0.035
0.035 to 0.045
Niveles de P b (micro g/kg p.f.)
0.015 to 0.02
0.02 to 0.025
0.025 to 0.03 0.03 to 0.035 0.035 to 0.045
Octubre 2003
Abril 2003 Niveles de As (microg/kg p.f.)
4 to 7.5
7.5 to 11
11 to 1 4.5
14.5 to 18
18 to 22
Niveles de As (micro g/kg p.f .)
4 to 7 .5
7.5 to 11
11 to 14.5 14.5 to 18 18 to 22
Octubre 2003
5
Sp
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i sh
In
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of
Ocean
og
r ap
hy
Niveles de Hg (microg/kgp .f.) 0.03 to 0.07 0.07 to 0.11 0.11 to 0.15 0.15 to 0.19 0.19 to 0.23
Abril 2003
Niveles de Hg (microg/kg p .f.) 0.03 to 0.07 0.07 to 0.11 0.11 to 0.15 0.15 to 0.19 0.19 to 0.23
Octubre 2003
Niveles de Zn (microg/kg p.f.) 3 to 3.8 3.8 to 4.6 4.6 to 5.4 5.4 to 5.2 5.2 to 6
Abril 2003
Octubre 2003 Niveles de Zn (microg/kg p.f.)
3 to 3.8 3.8 to 4.6 4.6 to 5.4 5.4 to 6.2 6.2 to 8
Niveles de Cu (microg/kg p .f.) 0.08 to 0.09 0.09 to 0.1 0.1 to 0.11 0.11 to 0.12 0.12 to 0.14
Abril 2003
Niveles de Cu (microg/kg p.f.)
0.08 to 0.09 0.09 to 0.1 0.1 to 0.11 0.11 to 0.12 0.12 to 0.14
Octubre 2003
Niveles de Cd (ng/kg p .f.)
1 to 1.6 1.6 to 2.2 2.2 to 2.8 2.8 to 3.4 3.4 to 4
Abril 2003
Niveles de Cd (ng/kg p.f.) 1 to 1.6 1.6 to 2.2 2.2 to 2.8 2.8 to 3.4 3.4 to 4
Octubre 2003
Niveles de Pb (m icrog/kg p.f.)
0.02 to 0.04 0.04 to 0.055 0.055 to 0.07 0.07 to 0.085 0.085 to 0.1
Abril 2003
Niveles de P b (microg/kg p .f.)
0.02 to 0.04 0.04 to 0.055 0.055 to 0.07 0.07 to 0.085 0.085 to 0.1
Octubre 2003
Niveles de As (microg /kg p.f.)
10 to 13 .6 13.6 to 17.2 17.2 to 20.8 20.8 to 24.4 24.4 to 28
Abril 2003
Niveles de As (microg/kg p .f.)
10 to 13.6 13.6 to 17.2 17.2 to 20.8 20.8 to 24.4 24.4 to 28
Octubre 2003
0,000,010,020,030,040,050,060,070,080,090,10
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
s E
Can
tabr
ia
P. V
asco
Pb
(mic
rog/
kg p
.f.)
abr-03
oct-03
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
s E
Can
tabr
ia
P. V
asco
As
(mic
rog/
kg p
.f.)
abr-03
oct-03
0,00
0,02
0,04
0,06
0,08
0,10
0,12
0,14
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
s E
Can
tabr
ia
P. V
asco
Cu
(mic
rog/
kg p
.f.)
abr-03
oct-03
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5
4,0
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
s E
Can
tabr
ia
P. V
asco
Cd
(ng/
kg p
.f.)
abr-03
oct-03
0,0
0,1
0,1
0,2
0,2
0,3
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
s E
Can
tabr
ia
P. V
asco
Hg
(mic
rog/
kg p
.f.)
abr-03
oct-03
0,00
1,00
2,00
3,00
4,00
5,00
6,00
7,00
8,00
Gal
icia
S
Fin
iste
rre
Gal
icia
N
Ast
uria
sW
Ast
uria
s E
Can
tabr
ia
P. V
asco
Zn (m
icro
g/kg
p.f.
)
abr-03
oct-03
3-4
Predicting Harmful EffectsPredicting Harmful EffectsPredicting Harmful Effects
Adapted from Adapted from DepledgeDepledge et al. (1993); et al. (1993); and Allen & Moore (2004)and Allen & Moore (2004)
Progression of DiseaseProgression of DiseaseProgression of Disease
Health StatusHealth StatusHealth StatusHealthyHealthy StressedStressed CurableCurable IncurableIncurable
Bio
mar
ker
Res
po
nse
Bio
mar
ker
Res
po
nse
Bio
mar
ker
Res
po
nse
Lysosomal Lysosomal StabilityStability
Predicting Harmful EffectsPredicting Harmful EffectsPredicting Harmful Effects
Adapted from Adapted from DepledgeDepledge et al. (1993); et al. (1993); and Allen & Moore (2004)and Allen & Moore (2004)
Progression of DiseaseProgression of DiseaseProgression of DiseaseProgression of DiseaseProgression of DiseaseProgression of Disease
Health StatusHealth StatusHealth StatusHealthyHealthy StressedStressed CurableCurable IncurableIncurable
Bio
mar
ker
Res
po
nse
Bio
mar
ker
Res
po
nse
Bio
mar
ker
Res
po
nse
Health StatusHealth StatusHealth StatusHealthyHealthy StressedStressed CurableCurable IncurableIncurable
Bio
mar
ker
Res
po
nse
Bio
mar
ker
Res
po
nse
Bio
mar
ker
Res
po
nse
Lysosomal Lysosomal StabilityStability
Lysosomal Lysosomal StabilityStability
MDRMDR
SODSOD
Cell DeathCell Death
Protein Protein CarbonylsCarbonyls
ERODEROD
MDRMDR
SODSOD
MDRMDR
SODSOD
Cell DeathCell DeathCell DeathCell Death
Protein Protein CarbonylsCarbonyls
Protein Protein CarbonylsCarbonyls
ERODERODERODEROD
Sp
an
i sh
In
st i
t ut e
of
Ocean
og
r ap
hy
The simultaneous use of both species allowed us to obtain information from different shelf environments since C. lyra is representative of the inner shelf (70-120 m), whereas L. boscii represents the middle and external shelf (120-350 m).
Systematically, the biomarker results indicate that the fish populations from Finisterre, Galicia N, Asturias E and Cantabria areas are exposed to compounds that affect the detoxification process and, in the case of Galicia N these compounds may also to have a genotoxic potential, at least in the coastal shelf environment.
We can conclude that ....
The results obtained in Asturias W and the Galicia S offshore point to a lower degree of exposure to organic xenobiotic compounds than those observed in another areas studied.
In the Basque Country area the results are not conclusive. However, the GR and catalase values measured in April (in L. boscii collected in the Basque Country) pointed to the existence of an oxidative stress comparable to that observed in Galicia N, although EROD and GST levels were lower. The presence of a certain type of metal pollution and another organic compounds may be interacting with the biotransformation enzymes
ADAPTATIVE PROCESSES ¿?
We can conclude that ....
The fact that in a systematic way, the pollutant concentrations in sediments were slightly higher in the Cantabrian than in the Galician zones contrasts with the observation that highest levels of EROD induction in C. lyra was observed in Finisterre and that DNA integrity was significantly lower in Galicia N. These results, therefore, may be indicating a possible relation between cause and effect but ….
We can conclude that ....
Significantly high induction values of GST, GR and catalase found in L. boscii in the areas of Finisterre and Galicia N cannot only be explained by taking into account the low pollutant concentrations measured in offshore sediments from the mid and external continental shelf (OSPAR, 2000; Soriano et al., 2003; IEO, 2004), which again make us think that the POS is the cause of the impact…
In any case, the biomarkers are reflecting in both species the situation prevailing in the environmental bottom shelf.
Taking into account the results obtained up to date with L. boscii, we consider appropriate their use as target species in the Northern Iberian Continental shelf. The use of C. lyra depends on its abundance in the catches.
We can conclude that ....
Sp
an
i sh
In
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t ut e
of
Ocean
og
r ap
hy
FURTHER WORKS ....
Habig et al., 1974***GST
Eggens and Galgani1992 (modified Burke & Mayer, 1974)
***EROD
***OCPs
Benedicto et al., 2004***HM
Ariese et al., 2004***BILE MET.
Benedicto et al., 2005 (modified Viarengo et al., 1997)
**MT
UNEP/RAMOGE, 1999***ADN DAMAGE
Ramos-Martínez et al.,1983
***GR
Livingstone et al., 1992***CATALASE
MethodOCT 05
OCT 04
OCT 03
APRIL 03
Habig et al., 1974***GST
Eggens and Galgani1992 (modified Burke & Mayer, 1974)
***EROD
***OCPs
Benedicto et al., 2004***HM
Ariese et al., 2004***BILE MET.
Benedicto et al., 2005 (modified Viarengo et al., 1997)
**MT
UNEP/RAMOGE, 1999***ADN DAMAGE
Ramos-Martínez et al.,1983
***GR
Livingstone et al., 1992***CATALASE
MethodOCT 05
OCT 04
OCT 03
APRIL 03
Responses using separated genders
Evolution along time
Sp
an
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In
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t ut e
of
Ocean
og
r ap
hy
... To those who doesn´t appear in the picture and to the crew of the R/V “Vizconde de Eza” and “Cornide de Saavedra” ................
Thank you...
Sp
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In
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of
Ocean
og
r ap
hy
The work was carried out partly with the help of a Support Personnel Research Training fellowship to Valdés, J. from the SIO
This study was performed within the frameworks of research projects ECOPREST and DEEP II, both funded by the Spanish Science and Technology Ministry through an Strategic Action on accidental marine dumpings