biological nutrient removal applications for monitoring orp | ysi
DESCRIPTION
Biological nutrient removal applications for monitoring oxidation reduction potential in wastewater covers four main topics: the science of ORP/Redox, putting ORP to use, applications and sensor care.TRANSCRIPT
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Biological Nutrient Removal Applications for Monitoring ORP
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Biological Nutrient Removal Applications for Monitoring Oxidation Reduction Potential YSI WATER RESOURCE RECOVERY WEBINAR
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Today’s Topics
• The Science of ORP (oxidation reduction potential) or Redox • Putting ORP to Use • Applications • Sensor Care and Parting Thoughts
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The Science of ORP
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Growing Bugs are Happy Bugs!
• Carbon • Nutrients • Energy • Reducing Power – the ability to transfer electrons
Bacteria require 4 things for growth
5 Source: Biological Wastewater Treatment, 2nd ed., Grady, C.P., Daigger, G.T., Lim, H.C., 1999.
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Bugs Get Energy and Reducing Power from Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions Redox transfers electrons
Function e- donor e- acceptor BOD removal Organic C O2
Nitrification NH4+ O2
Denitrification Organic C NOx
Fermentation Organic C Organic C
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What Has ORP Got To Do with It?
It measures electron donating ability • Electron tower: most negative (e- donors) at
top to most positive (e- acceptors) at bottom. • Electrons donated from the top of the tower
can be “caught” by acceptors at various levels.
• The greater the “fall” the more energy is released
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1.2 v
Source: Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 10th Ed., Madigan, M., Martinko, J., Parker, J., 2002
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What Has ORP Got To Do with It?
It measures electron donating ability • Electron tower: most negative (e- donors) at
top to most positive (e- acceptors) at bottom. • Electrons donated from the top of the tower
can be “caught” by acceptors at various levels.
• The greater the “fall” the more energy is released
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0.8 v
Source: Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 10th Ed., Madigan, M., Martinko, J., Parker, J., 2002
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What Has ORP Got To Do with It?
It measures electron donating ability • Electron tower: most negative (e- donors) at
top to most positive (e- acceptors) at bottom. • Electrons donated from the top of the tower
can be “caught” by acceptors at various levels.
• The greater the “fall” the more energy is released
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0.15 v
Source: Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 10th Ed., Madigan, M., Martinko, J., Parker, J., 2002
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Sounds Complicated, Huh?
It is, but…. • Can be very simple if only interested in measuring e-
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ORP Sensor is Very Similar to a pH Sensor
The measurement is the raw signal, millivolts (mV)
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Reference electrode Reference junction
Electrolyte Measuring electrode
*YSI SensoLyt PtA electrode (109 125Y)
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Putting ORP to Use
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Terminology
• Oxic = aerobic = DO is the primary e- acceptor • Anoxic = DO; NO3 • Anaerobic = DO; NO3
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What Does ORP Tell Us About Our Process?
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0 -100 -200 -300 -400 +400 +300 +200 +100
Nitrification
BOD removal
‘P’ uptake
Denitrification
Fermentation
‘P’ release
ORP, mV
Oxic Anaerobic Anoxic
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ORP as a DO Sensor
• DO > 1.0 mg/L: primarily O2 • No direct meaning as to the status of nitrification
• DO < 1.0 mg/L: O2 + other e- acceptors • No direct meaning as to the status of denitrification
• When DO is < 0.1 primarily other e- acceptors
Think of ORP as a DO sensor that measures negative
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ORP as a ‘N’ Sensor
• NO3 and NO2
• Ammonium and TKN
• Little to no dissolved ‘N’ (and no DO)
ORP can indicate what forms of N are present
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+
-
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ORP as a ‘P’ Sensor
• ‘P’ is neither oxidized or reduced • However, it can tell you when conditions are ripe for uptake and release
Well, it can’t really do that
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Monitoring Methods
Spot sampling
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YSI Pro10 Field pH/ORP YSI EcoSense pH100A
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Monitoring Methods
Online continuous monitoring
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YSI SensoLyt® 700 IQ
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Applications
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Intermittent Aeration Process
SBR, cyclic activated sludge
Reproduced G Olsson, M Nielsen, Z Yuan, A Lynggaard-Jensen, J-P Steyer (2005) Science & Technical Report No. 15, Instrumentation, Control, and Automation in Wastewater Systems, with permission from the copyright holders, IWA Publishing
ORP DO NH3-N NO3-N
Legend:
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Intermittent Aeration Process
SBR, cyclic activated sludge
Reproduced G Olsson, M Nielsen, Z Yuan, A Lynggaard-Jensen, J-P Steyer (2005) Science & Technical Report No. 15, Instrumentation, Control, and Automation in Wastewater Systems, with permission from the copyright holders, IWA Publishing
ORP DO NH3-N NO3-N
Legend:
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Intermittent Aeration Process
SBR, cyclic activated sludge
Reproduced G Olsson, M Nielsen, Z Yuan, A Lynggaard-Jensen, J-P Steyer (2005) Science & Technical Report No. 15, Instrumentation, Control, and Automation in Wastewater Systems, with permission from the copyright holders, IWA Publishing
ORP DO NH3-N NO3-N
Legend:
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Cyclic Activated Sludge System
Operation: Enhanced Bio P removal • ORP high / air stop: ~250 mV • Anaerobic to Oxic • DO SP: 1.7 to 1.9 mg/L • Nitrification • P uptake
• ORP low / timer start: ~0 mV • Oxic to Anoxic • Denitrification • Timer start
• Anaerobic Timer: 40 min. • Anaerobic • P release • Blower start
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Concentration and Mass Limits Met Without Chemicals
Smith, R.C., Goble, L., “To Everything There is a Season; Lessons from Four Seasons of Phosphorus Removal at Greene County Sugarcreek WRRF”, WEFTEC 2010
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Continuous Flow Systems
• Effluent ammonia control / chloramination • Aeration control • Simultaneous nitrification denitrification
Applications
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Extended Aeration Process
Goal: minimize aeration & chlorine • ORP in anoxic zone • NH3-N target: 2 – 3
mg/L
27 Myers, M., Myers, L, Okey, R., “The use of oxidation-reduction potential as a means of controlling effluent ammonia concentration in an extended aeration activated sludge system”, WEFTEC 2006
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Extended Aeration Process Upstream from Chloramination Trial control strategy • Upper ORP SP: -200 mV
• Lower ORP SP: -270 mV • NH3-N maintained
between 1 and 3.5 mg/L • D.O. near 0 • Nitrate also low
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Anoxic DO Nitrate
Myers, M., Myers, L, Okey, R., “The use of oxidation-reduction potential as a means of controlling effluent ammonia concentration in an extended aeration activated sludge system”, WEFTEC 2006
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Sensor Care and Parting Thoughts
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Calibration, Cleaning, Replacement
• Calibration: 1-point offset correction • YSI 3682 Zobell solution: +231 mV @25°C (platinum – Ag/AgCl)
• Cleaning: • In general use the same practices as you would a pH sensor • Junction: running water / soft brush • Platinum: Wet and blot dry (avoid rubbing) • Short-term soak in household dish soap for grease removal
• Replacement: • Electrodes should last many months to years (YSI electrodes warrantied
for 6 months)
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Parting Thoughts
• ORP is relative – not comparable between brands, between applications • ORP accuracy +/- 20 mV • Response may be slow – up to 24 hours to stabilize in natural waters (but
very fast in Zobell) • ORP measurement is affected by temperature but not corrected for it.
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Feeling Better?
ORP is cool!
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For More Information…
IQ SensorNet
• YSI.com/IQ • +1 (937) 767-7241 • (800) 897-4151 • [email protected]
• Application Note
ORP Management in Wastewater as an Indicator of Process Efficiency
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