Biology 107Biology 107General BiologyGeneral Biology

Pat AkrabawiPat AkrabawiMichael CullenMichael CullenBrian ErnstingBrian ErnstingJoyce StammJoyce Stamm

Introduction to General BiologyIntroduction to General Biology

As a result of this lecture and the assigned reading, you As a result of this lecture and the assigned reading, you should understand the following:should understand the following:

Properties of Life:Properties of Life:

a.a. orderorder

b.b. evolutionary adaptationevolutionary adaptation

c.c. response to the environmentresponse to the environment

d.d. regulation/homeostasisregulation/homeostasis

e.e. energy utilizationenergy utilization

f.f. growth and developmentgrowth and development

g.g. reproductionreproduction

Some Properties of LifeSome Properties of Life

Examples of OrderExamples of Order

Examples of ReproductionExamples of Reproduction

Introduction to General BiologyIntroduction to General BiologyThemes in the Study of Life:Themes in the Study of Life:

1. 1. Cells form the simplest, independent units of Cells form the simplest, independent units of organization of living organisms. Cells arise from other organization of living organisms. Cells arise from other cells.cells.

2.2. Biological information is carried in DNA.Biological information is carried in DNA.

3. 3. Life is associated with Life is associated with emergent propertiesemergent properties. . These These properties are the consequence of the hierarchies of properties are the consequence of the hierarchies of structure. structure.

4. 4. Structure and function are correlated at all levels of Structure and function are correlated at all levels of biological organization.biological organization.

Hierarchy of Biological Hierarchy of Biological OrganizationOrganization

Atoms Molecules (organelles) Atoms Molecules (organelles) CELLS CELLS

Organisms Organ Systems Organs TissuesOrganisms Organ Systems Organs Tissues

Population Community Ecosystem BiospherePopulation Community Ecosystem Biosphere

The Hierarchy of Biological OrganizationThe Hierarchy of Biological Organization

Biologists Study Life on Many Different Scales of Size and TimeBiologists Study Life on Many Different Scales of Size and Time

Introduction to General BiologyIntroduction to General Biology

5. Living organisms regulate their systems.

6. Organisms do not live in isolation, they interact with their environment (including other organisms) to survive.

7. All organisms transform energy to do work.

8. Living things are unified and diverse.

Introduction to General BiologyIntroduction to General Biology

9.9. Evolution is the central theme of biology. It explains Evolution is the central theme of biology. It explains both the unity and diversity of life.both the unity and diversity of life.

10.10. Science involves repeated observations and testable Science involves repeated observations and testable hypotheses.hypotheses.

11.11. Science and technology are human endeavors.Science and technology are human endeavors.

Review Review of of Unifying Unifying Themes Themes in in BiologyBiology

Idealized Version of the Scientific MethodIdealized Version of the Scientific Method

Applying Hypothetico-Applying Hypothetico-deductive Reasoning to deductive Reasoning to a Campground Problema Campground Problem

Controlled experiments to test the hypothesis that selective predation affects Controlled experiments to test the hypothesis that selective predation affects the evolution of guppy populationsthe evolution of guppy populations