biology 11
DESCRIPTION
Biology 11. Kingdom Animalia : Phylum Platyhelminthes: The Flatworms. Phylum Platyhelminthes Objectives. Advances over Cnidarians Body plan (systems and structures) 3 classes and example animals Parasitic worms (enter, live, hosts, effects). The Acoelomates. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Biology 11Kingdom Animalia:Phylum Platyhelminthes:The Flatworms
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Phylum Platyhelminthes Objectives
• Advances over Cnidarians• Body plan (systems and structures)• 3 classes and example animals• Parasitic worms (enter, live, hosts, effects)
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The Acoelomates
The acoelomates advanced animal evolution in two significant ways:
1. Bilateral symmetry2. TriploblasticAre still primitive because lack a body cavity
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Phylum Platyhelminthes
The FlatwormsCharacteristics and Advances1. Still have incomplete digestive system
with a gastrovascular cavity (just like Cnidarians) but…
2. They are the first phylum with an excretory system made of “flame cells” and pores (so mouth is no longer anus as well!)
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Phylum Platyhelminthes
3. Have a “Nerve Ladder” type of nervous system
4. Reproduce mostly sexually but have excellent powers of regeneration which can be a form of asexual reproduction
5. Cephalization begins with a “brain” and sense organs appearing anteriorly in a head
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Phylum Platyhelminthes
Class Turbellaria• Includes the
Planaria a fresh water flatworm• Also includes many
marine varieties
Planaria sp.
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Phylum Platyhelminthes
Class Trematoda• Includes the parasitic
flukes • Include liver, blood, lung,
heart, and intestinal flukes•Many have intermediate
hosts like this liver fluke (i.e. sheep, cow, fish etc)
Fasciola hepatica
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Fasciola hepatica (Liver Fluke)
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Fasciola hepatica Life Cycle
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Phylum PlatyhelminthesClass Cestoidea: the tapeworms• Classical endoparasite appears
degenerative but actually highly evolved to its habitat• Human tapeworms can grow up to 20 m
long!
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Tape worm Anatomy
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Tape worm Life Cycle