biology 218 – lecture three microbial diversity chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfvirus...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Viruses, viroids, & prions
Virus Features• Obligate intracellular
parasites• Lack ribosomes and
metabolic enzymes • Small DNA or RNA genomes
in protein capsid• Do NOT respond to
antibiotics• Many do have unique
enzymes - targets for anti-viral drugs.
![Page 2: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
HostsTMV Bacteria
Influenza HIV in LeukocyteII
![Page 3: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Viral Shapes
![Page 4: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
EnvelopesSome viruses wrap self in host membranesNot hardy outside body - need fluid for passageExample - Hepatitis A: no envelope, food/waterExample - Hepatitis B: envelope, blood/STD
![Page 6: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Enveloped
![Page 7: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Virus Classification and TermsKind of genetic material - DNA or RNASize and shape of capsidIs there a stolen cell membrane - envelope?Host range - organism/cell it infects and disease
- Bacteriophage - viruses that infect bacteria- Oncogenic viruses - cause cancer- Retroviruses - RNA to DNA, lysogenic
![Page 9: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Classification
![Page 10: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Classification
![Page 11: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Types of Viruses
• DS DNA – Herpes virus
• SS RNA (+ strand)–Poliovirus
• SS RNA (- strand) –Influenza
• SS RNA DNA --retrovirus
![Page 12: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Viral Replication
Lytic viral diseases are acute, rapid
![Page 13: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Growth curve
![Page 15: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Lysogeny
![Page 17: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Animal Viruses
![Page 18: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Penetration of animal viruses
• A = polio, dengue fever
• B = measles, mumps
• C = Adenovirus, Herpes
![Page 19: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Synthesis strategies of animal viruses
![Page 20: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Release
![Page 21: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Latency of animal viruses
Examples – Herpesvirus, chickenpoxAttachment and penetration - same as beforeSome animal viruses are latent outside the cellLysogeny – maintenance of viral genome in cellUsually expressed at low levels for a long time,
never induced
![Page 22: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Viroids
• Viroids are small, circular pieces of RNA that infect plants.
• Lack capsid
![Page 23: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Prions
• Stanley Prrusiner 1982• Discovered
Proteinaceousinfective particle
• Single Protein, PrP• Disease causing• Folded differently• Prions induce change
in shape
![Page 24: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
BSE and CJD
![Page 25: Biology 218 – Lecture Three Microbial Diversity Chapter ...guralnl/gural/318viruses.pdfVirus Classification and Terms Kind of genetic material - DNA or RNA Size and shape of capsid](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022060903/609f2fb1e494e77d39781631/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)