Biology I Jeopardy

Chapter 13: Evolution

Mrs. GeistBodine High School for International Affairs

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Science Science Before Before DarwinDarwin

DarwinDarwin The Fossil The Fossil RecordRecord

Other Other Evidence of Evidence of EvolutionEvolution

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Examples of Examples of EvolutionEvolution

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Column 1, #1

What did the majority of people believe about species in Darwin’s time?

Most people believed in creationism. Each species was a divine creation that exists, unchanging, as it was originally created.

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Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics.

What is the name of Lamarck’s “theory” of evolution?

Column 1, #3

Describe the two parts to Lamarck’s theory.

(1) Physical features increase in size b/c of use or reduce in size b/c of disuse.

(2) these changes are passed on to the offspring.

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Charles Lyell proposed the idea of gradualism in his book Principles of Geology. Describe this model of evolution.

Gradual change over a long period of time leads to species formation.

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The human populations do not grow unchecked because death caused by disease, war, and famine slows population growth.

According to Thomas Malthus, what kept the human population in check?

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The fossilized animals closely resembled, but were not identical to, the armadillos living in the area.

The fossilized animals closely resembled, but were not identical to, the armadillos living in the area.

In South America, Darwin found fossils of extinct armadillos. How did these fossilized animals compare to the armadillos living in the area?

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Darwin discovered that the Galapagos finches closely resembled the South American finches.

How did the finches on the Galapagos Islands compare to the

finches in South America?

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adaptation

What is a feature called that provides a selective advantage to a population?

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Population.

At what level of grouping of organisms does evolution occur.

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Describe the four major points of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection.

(1) Genetic variation within every population.

(2) Some individuals are better suited to survive and reproduce in a particular environment.

(3) Over time, these better suited traits spread in a population.

(4) Fossils and other scientific evidence support the idea that living species evolved from extinct organisms.

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What is the term for a scientist who studies fossils?

Paleontologist.

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When do fossils form?

Fossils form when they are rapidly buried in sediment.

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Where do fossils form?

Wet lowlands, slow-moving streams, lakes, shallow seas, and areas near active volcanoes.

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Radiometric dating.

How can scientists estimate the age of a fossil?

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Many species have lived in environments where fossils do not form. The body often decays or is eaten or scattered by scavengers before fossilization.

Why is the fossil record not complete?

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Which organism shares a more recent common ancestor with humans?

A.gorilla b. rhesus monkey

c. mouse d. chicken

A. gorilla

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Fewer.

If evolution has taken place, then species descended from a recent common ancestor should have more/fewer (choose one) amino acid differences between their proteins than do species that share a common ancestor in the more distant past.

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Similar structures due to a common ancestry.

What are homologous structures?

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Vestigial structures are reduced in size and have little or no use than they do in other related organisms.

What are vestigial structures?

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Provide an example of:

(a) Homologous structures and

(b) vestigial structures.

Sample answers:(a) Forelimbs of vertebrates contain the same

kinds of bones.(b) Hind limb in whales, coccyx (tailbone) and

appendix in humans.

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What is geographic isolation?

Land or water barriers that isolate 2 or more closely related groups.

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What is reproductive isolation?

Reproductive barriers that may isolate 2 or more closely related groups ex: physical differences, different mating seasons, may not be attracted to one

another.

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Changes in food supply.

What does beak shape change in response to according to findings from the Grants and Darwin?

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Accumulation of differences between groups.

What is divergence?

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What is a subspecies?

The differences between subspecies are usually less distinct than the differences between species. The characteristics attributed to subspecies generally have evolved as a result of geographical distribution or isolation.

Bonus Question 1

Bonus Question 2