WILD LIFE FLORA & FAUNA1. What is Project Brahma. [Moderate]a) Super computer developed to study Black Holeb) Satellite name monitoring weather conditionsc) Name of submarine for defensive missionsd) Increasing participation of the people in Biodiversity Documentation and conservation2. Biosphere reserves differ from national parks and wild life sanctuaries because in the former a) Human beings are not allowed to enter[low]b) People are integral part of the systemc) Plants are paid greater attention than animasd) Living organisms are brought from all over the world and preserved 3. What are biodiversity hotspots of India?[Low]a) Himalayasb) Sundalandsc) western ghats d) all of these4. Which is the first national park in India?[Low]a) Jim Corbettb) Girc) Guindyd) koeoladeo5. The famous fauna of Gir National park is:[Low]a) Asiatic lions b) lion tailed macaquec) pigmy hogd) flying squirrel 6. Identify one of the ex situ conservation method for endangered species [Moderate]a) Wild life sanctuariesb) cryopreservationc) Biosphere reservesd) national parks7. What is the logo of WWF for nature?[Moderate]a) Giant Pandab) elephantc) Kiwid) blue whale8. The international day for biological diversity is celebrated on [low]a) 22nd Aprilb) 22nd Mayc) 16th Septemberd) 22nd March9. A species is declared extinct if there are no records for ----- years when scientists have carried out repeated searches in all possible habitats. [High]a) 10 yearsb) 25 yearsc) 50 yearsd) 100 years

Answer Key:123456789

DBDAABABC

BIOLOGY:

1. Which of the following species show highest diversity in nature?[Low]a) Birdsb) fungic) angiospermsd) insects2. The largest chromosome in human body is [Moderate]a) 1st chromosomeb) X chromosomec) 21 chromosome d) Y chromosome3. The chick of cuckoo bird is fed by crow in its nest. This behavioural pattern is called[Low]a) Filial imprinting b) courtship signallingc) cross fosteringd) sexual imprinting4. Greenhouse gas produced from the flooded rice fields is [Low]a) Carbondioxideb) sulphur dioxidec) ozone d) methane5. A couple went to a doctor and reported that both of them are carries for a particular disorder, their first child is suffering from that disorder and that they are expecting their second child. What is the probability that the new child would be affected by the same disorder?[Moderate]a) 100%b) 50%c) 25%d) 75%6. A women heterozygous for color blindness marries a colour blind man. What be the ratios of carrier daughters, color blind daughters, normal sons and color blind sons in F1 generation? [High](a) 1:1:1:1(b) 2:1:1:2 (c) 1:2:2:1(d) 1:1:2:27. Three types of movement across a plasma membrane are shown at X, Y and Z. [Moderate] The three types of movement are correctly described as XYZ S.No.XYZ

a) active transportdiffusion facilitated diffusion

b)active transportfacilitated diffusiondiffusion

c) facilitated diffusionactive transportdiffusion

d) diffusionactive transportfacilitated diffusion

8. A student investigated the growth of lateral shoots in bean plants. Two groups of 20 plants, all identical, were used. One group (group X) had their apical buds removed, the other group (group Y) were unchanged. At various time intervals, the total lengths of the lateral shoots were measured and the average lateral shoot length calculated for each group. The result for each group is shown in the following graph. From this data, you could reasonably conclude that [moderate] a) group X is the control groupb) apical buds produce a substance that inhibits lateral shoot growth c) roots produce a substance that promotes lateral shoot growthd) lateral shoots produce a hormone that stimulates apical growth

Answer Key:12345678

DACDCABB

HEALTH CARE AND HEALTH SCIENCE1. A women diagnosed as being pregnant by a doctor goes for laboratory tests of blood and urine samples. The doctor advice to a couple not to have more than one child because of[Moderate]a) Rh+ male Rh- femaleb) Rh- male Rh+ femalec) Rh+ male Rh+ femaled) Rh- male Rh- female2. A person is injected with gammaglobulin against rabies. It is[Low]a) artificially acquires passive immunityb) Artificially acquires active immunityc) naturally acquires active immunityd) Naturally acquires passive immunity3. DOTS is the most cost - effective programme of WHO implemented to stop the spread of disease[Moderate]a) poliob) AIDSc) tuberculosisd) cholera 4. The hormone that influence growth and maturity in new-borns is[Moderate]a) insulinb) parathyroid hormonec) adrenalined) thyroxine5. Interferons are the proteinaceous substances produced by[Low]a) bacteriab) virus c) virus infected celld) cells adjacent to infected bacterial cell 6. World diabetes day is celebrated on [Low]a) August 20th b) April 7th c) December 1st d) November 14th 7. Mary Mallons disease is also called as[Low]a) typhoidb) tuberculosisc) poliod) dengue8. The cells of the immune system that produce antibodies are[Low]a) eosinophilsb) T - lymphocytesc) plasma cellsd) monocytes

Answer Key:12345678

AACDCDAC

WILD LIFE FLORA & FAUNASolutions with explanation: 1. [D]:Project Brahmaaims to create such awareness, by increasing participation of the people in biodiversity documentation and conservation.2. [B]: Biosphere reserves are areas of terrestrial and coastal ecosystems which promote the conservation of biodiversity with its sustainable use. They are internationally recognized within the framework of UNESCOs Man and Biosphere (MAB) programme and nominated by national governments. Areas potential for preservation of traditional tribal or rural modes of living for harmonious use of environment.3. [D]: India has four biodiversity hotspots:1. Himalaya:Includes the entire Indian Himalayan region (and that falling in Pakistan, Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, China and Myanmar)2. Indo-Burma:Includes entire North-eastern India, except Assam and Andaman group of Islands (and Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and southern China)3. Western Ghats and Sri Lanka:Includes entire Western Ghats (and Sri Lanka)4. Sundalands:Includes Nicobar group of Islands (and Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Philippines).4. [A]: Ans: India's first national park was established in 1936 asHailey National Park, now known asJim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand.5. [A]: Ans: Asiatic lions6. [B]: Ex-situ conservationis the preservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats. This involvesconservationof genetic resources, as well as wild and cultivated or species, and draws on a diverse body of techniques and facilities. E.g., Zoological parks, botanical gardens, cryopreservation.7. [A]: The inspiration for theWWF logocame from Chi-Chi: a giant panda that was living at the London Zoo in 1961, the same yearWWFwas created. WWF'sfounders were aware of the need for a strong, recognizable symbolthat would overcome all language barriers.8. [B]:22nd April: Earth Day;22nd May: international day for biological diversity16th September: world Ozone day; 22nd March: world water day.9. [C]: Extinct species, organisms that have becomeextinct, either in the wild life or completely disappeared from Earth. In practice, a species not definitely located in the wild life in the last50years is called extinct.

BIOLOGY: SOLUTIONS WITH EXPLANATION:1. [D]: Species diversityis the number of different species that are represented in a given community.More than 70% of all species are animals while plants account for only 22%. Amongst animals, insects are the most numerous with estimate of 8 out of 10 animals. There are about 3, 00,000 species of beetles.2. [A]: Chromosome1 isthe largest human chromosome, spanning about 249 million DNA building blocks (base pairs) and representing approximately 8 percent of the total DNA in cells. Identifyinggeneson each chromosome is an active area of genetic research.3. [C]: Cross-fosteringis a technique used in animal husbandry, animal science, genetic and nature versus nurture studies, and conservation, whereby offspring are removed from their biological parents at birth and raised by surrogates. One of the example for cross fostering observed naturally in the nature is the chick of cuckoo bird is fed by crow in its nest.4. [D]: Production of methane is a complicated process that involves specialized anaerobic bacteria methanogens that inhabit flooded soils. In the absence of oxygen, the bacterium produces methane gas. This process of anaerobic decomposition occurs in the root zone of plants under flooded soil. The produced gas from root zone is emitted to the environment through the diffusion, ebullition and plant mediated transport. So, rice cultivation is associated with the production of hazardous methane contributing to greenhouse effect and global warming.5. [C]: As both the parents are carries of the disease, they are heterozygous for the disease (i.e) they carry one normal allele (A) and one defective allele (a). Individuals carrying two recessive alleles will be affected by disease (Autosomal recessive). Parental genotype:Parent 1: AaParent 2: AaThe probability of the child carrying two recessive alleles (aa), as evident from the punnet square box is only or 25% only.

6. [A]: Colour blindness is an X - chromosome linked recessive disorder. Female as they have 2 X chromosomes, usually they are carriers and are colour blind if they carry two defective alleles on both the X chromosomes. Whereas males with only single X chromosome, if carries defective allele will be colour-blind.

From the chart it is clearly evident that the ratios of carrier daughters, color blind daughters, normal sons and color blind sons in F1 generation is: 1 : 1 : 1 : 1. 7. [B]: Active transportis the process by which dissolved molecules move across a cell membrane from a lower to a higher concentration and therefore require an input of energy from the cell.Facilitated diffusion (also known as facilitatedtransport or passive-mediated transport) is the process of spontaneous passive transport (as opposed to active transport) of molecules or ions across a biological membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins. Diffusion is the net movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. It occurs in the nature free of plasma membrane and also across the plasma membrane. It does not require any transmembrane protein.8. [B]: The apical buds of shoot produce a plant growth hormone called auxins that induce apical dominance and supress secondary growth in plants. When an apical bud is removed the lateral meristem promotes development of branches and increases the girth of the shoot thus reducing plant height.

HEALTH CARE AND HEALTH SCIENCESOLUTIONS WITH EXPLANATION:1. [A]: Rh incompatibility is a condition that develops when a pregnant woman has Rh-negative blood and the baby in her womb has Rh-positive blood. If the mother is Rh-negative, her immune system treats Rh-positive fetal cells as if they were a foreign substance and makesantibodiesagainst the fetal blood cells. These anti-Rh antibodies may cross back through the placenta into the developing baby and destroy the baby's circulating red blood cells. If the father of the infant is Rh-positive or if his blood type cannot be confirmed, the mother is given an injection of RhoGAM during the second trimester. If the baby is Rh-positive, the mother will get a second injection within a few days after delivery. These injections prevent the development of antibodies against Rh-positive blood. However, women with Rh-negative blood type must receive injections.2. [A]: Passive immunityis the transfer ofactivehumoral immunityin the form of ready-made antibodies, from one individual to another. Passiveimmunitycan occur naturally, when maternal antibodies are transferred to the foetus through the placenta, and can also be induced artificially, when high levels ofhuman(orhorse)antibodiesspecific for apathogenortoxinare transferred to non-immuneindividuals.Passive immunizationis used when there is a high risk of infection and insufficient time for the body to develop its own immune response, or to reduce the symptoms of on-going orimmunosuppressivediseases.3. [C]: DOTS(directly observed treatment, short-course), is the name given to the tuberculosis control strategy recommended by the World Health Organization. According to WHO, The most cost- effective way to stop the spread of TB in communities with a high incidence is by curing it. 4. [D]: Thyroxine is important hormone during early stages of child development as it influences growth and maturity of the child. Deficiency of thyroxine in children cause cretinism and the child is called as cretini.5.[C]: Interferons(IFNs) are a group ofsignalling proteinsmade and released byhost cellsin response to the presence of pathogens, such asviruses,bacteria,parasites, ortumourcells. In a typical scenario, a virus-infected cell will release Interferons causing nearby cells to heighten their anti-viral defences.6. [D]: World Diabetes Day, on the14th Novemberevery year, has grown from humble beginnings to become a globally-celebrated event to increase awareness about diabetes.7. [A]: Mary Mallonbetter known asTyphoid Mary was the first person in the United States identified as anasymptomatic carrierof the pathogen associated withtyphoid fever. She was presumed to have infected 51 people, three of whom died, over the course of her career as a cook.8. [C]: The cells of the immune system that produce antibodies are B Lymphocytes. These cells get activated during bacterial infection and get differentiated into plasma and memory cells. Plasma cells produce antibodies.