biomechanical efficacy of a combined flexible cage with

7
ํ•™์ˆ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research 38: 9-15 (2017) http://dx.doi.org/10.9718/JBER.2017.38.1.9 9 Spring rod ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ฒ™์ถ”๊ฒฝ ๋‚˜์‚ฌ๋ชป๊ณผ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋œ Flexible cage ์˜ ์ƒ์ฒด์—ญํ•™์  ํšจ๊ณผ ๊น€์˜ํ˜„ 1 ยท๋ฐ•์€์˜ 2 ยท๊น€์›ํ˜„ 3 ยทํ™ฉ์„ฑํ•„ 4 ยท๋ฐ•๊ฒฝ์šฐ 5 ยท์ด์„ฑ์žฌ 3 1 ๋ถ€์‚ฐ์ง€๋ฐฉ์‹ํ’ˆ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์•ˆ์ „์ฒญ ์‹œํ—˜๋ถ„์„์„ผํ„ฐ, 2 ์‹ํ’ˆ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์•ˆ์ „ํ‰๊ฐ€์› ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ถ€ 3 ์ธ์ œ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์˜์šฉ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 4 (์ฃผ)๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์ŠคํŒŒ์ธ, 5 ๊ด‘ํ˜œ๋ณ‘์› ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์™ธ๊ณผ Biomechanical Efficacy of a Combined Flexible Cage with Pedicle Screws with Spring rods: A Finite Element Analysis Y.H. Kim 1 , E.Y. Park 2 , W.H. Kim 3 , S.P. Hwang 4 , K.W. Park 5 and S.J. Lee 3 1 Center for Food & Drug Analysis, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Busan 48562, South Korea 2 Department of Medical Device Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28159, South Korea 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, South Korea 4 Biospine Co., Ltd, Seoul 04787, South Korea 5 Department of Neurosurgery, Kwang-Hye Spine Hospital, Seoul 06174, South Korea (Manuscript received 11 January 2017; revised 4 March 2017; accepted 5 March 2017) Abstract: Recently, flexible cages have been introduced in an attempt to absorb and reduce the abnormal load trans- fer along the anterior parts of the spine. They are designed to be used with the pedicle screw systems to allow some mobility at the index level while containing ROM at the adjacent level. In this study, a finite element (FE) study was performed to assess biomechanical efficacies of the flexible cage when combined with pedicle screws with flexible rods. The post-operated models were constructed by modifying the L4-5 of a previously-validated 3-D FE model of the intact lumbar spine (L2-S1): (1) Type 1, flexible cage only; (2) Type 2, pedicle screws with flexible rods; (3) Type 3, interbody fusion cage plus pedicle screws with rigid rods; (4) Type 4, interbody fusion cage plus Type 2; (5) Type 5, Type 1 plus Type 2. Flexion/extension of 10 Nm with a compressive follower load of 400N was applied. As com- pared to the Type 3 (62~65%) and Type 4 (59~62%), Type 5 (53~55%) was able to limit the motion at the operated level effectively, despite moderate reduction at the adjacent level. It was also able to shift the load back to the anterior portions of the spine thus relieving excessively high posterior load transfer and to reduce stress on the endplate by absorbing the load with its flexible shape design features. The likelihood of component failure of flexble cage remained less than 30% regardless of loading conditions when combined with pedicle screws with flexible rods. Our study dem- onstrated that flexible cages when combined with posterior dynamic system may help reduce subsidence of cage and degeneration process at the adjacent levels while effectively providing stability at the operated level. Key words: Finite element, Flexible cage, Interbody fusion cage, Spring rod system, Subsidence I. ์„œ ๋ก  ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜๋ช…์˜ ์—ฐ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋…ธ์ธ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์™€ ์‚ฌํšŒ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋””์Šคํฌ ๋ฐ ํ›„๊ด€์ ˆ์˜ ํ‡ดํ–‰, ์š”์ถ” ๋ถ€ ์ฒ™์ถ”๊ด€ ํ˜‘์ฐฉ์ฆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ‡ดํ–‰์„ฑ ์š”์ถ”์งˆํ™˜์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ๊ธ‰์†ํžˆ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[1]. ์ถ”๊ฐ„์ฒด ์œ ํ•ฉ ๋ณดํ˜•์žฌ(cage) ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์œ ํ•ฉ์ˆ (fusion) ์€ ์š” Corresponding Author : Sung-Jae Lee Biomedical Engineering, Clinical Biomechanics LAB, Inje University, 197, Inje-ro, Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50834, Korea TEL: +82-55-326-5747 / FAX: +82-55-327-3292 E-mail: [email protected]

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ํ•™ ์ˆ  ๋…ผ ๋ฌธ

Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research 38: 9-15 (2017)

http://dx.doi.org/10.9718/JBER.2017.38.1.9

9

Spring rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ฒ™์ถ”๊ฒฝ ๋‚˜์‚ฌ๋ชป๊ณผ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋œ

Flexible cage์˜ ์ƒ์ฒด์—ญํ•™์  ํšจ๊ณผ

๊น€์˜ํ˜„1ยท๋ฐ•์€์˜2ยท๊น€์›ํ˜„3ยทํ™ฉ์„ฑํ•„4ยท๋ฐ•๊ฒฝ์šฐ5ยท์ด์„ฑ์žฌ3

1๋ถ€์‚ฐ์ง€๋ฐฉ์‹ํ’ˆ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์•ˆ์ „์ฒญ ์‹œํ—˜๋ถ„์„์„ผํ„ฐ, 2์‹ํ’ˆ์˜์•ฝํ’ˆ์•ˆ์ „ํ‰๊ฐ€์› ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ถ€3์ธ์ œ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์˜์šฉ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 4(์ฃผ)๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค์ŠคํŒŒ์ธ, 5๊ด‘ํ˜œ๋ณ‘์› ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์™ธ๊ณผ

Biomechanical Efficacy of a Combined Flexible Cage with Pedicle

Screws with Spring rods: A Finite Element Analysis

Y.H. Kim1, E.Y. Park2, W.H. Kim3, S.P. Hwang4, K.W. Park5 and S.J. Lee3

1Center for Food & Drug Analysis, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Busan 48562, South Korea2Department of Medical Device Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28159, South Korea

3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, South Korea4Biospine Co., Ltd, Seoul 04787, South Korea

5Department of Neurosurgery, Kwang-Hye Spine Hospital, Seoul 06174, South Korea

(Manuscript received 11 January 2017; revised 4 March 2017; accepted 5 March 2017)

Abstract: Recently, flexible cages have been introduced in an attempt to absorb and reduce the abnormal load trans-

fer along the anterior parts of the spine. They are designed to be used with the pedicle screw systems to allow some

mobility at the index level while containing ROM at the adjacent level. In this study, a finite element (FE) study was

performed to assess biomechanical efficacies of the flexible cage when combined with pedicle screws with flexible

rods. The post-operated models were constructed by modifying the L4-5 of a previously-validated 3-D FE model of

the intact lumbar spine (L2-S1): (1) Type 1, flexible cage only; (2) Type 2, pedicle screws with flexible rods; (3) Type

3, interbody fusion cage plus pedicle screws with rigid rods; (4) Type 4, interbody fusion cage plus Type 2; (5) Type

5, Type 1 plus Type 2. Flexion/extension of 10 Nm with a compressive follower load of 400N was applied. As com-

pared to the Type 3 (62~65%) and Type 4 (59~62%), Type 5 (53~55%) was able to limit the motion at the operated

level effectively, despite moderate reduction at the adjacent level. It was also able to shift the load back to the anterior

portions of the spine thus relieving excessively high posterior load transfer and to reduce stress on the endplate by

absorbing the load with its flexible shape design features. The likelihood of component failure of flexble cage remained

less than 30% regardless of loading conditions when combined with pedicle screws with flexible rods. Our study dem-

onstrated that flexible cages when combined with posterior dynamic system may help reduce subsidence of cage and

degeneration process at the adjacent levels while effectively providing stability at the operated level.

Key words: Finite element, Flexible cage, Interbody fusion cage, Spring rod system, Subsidence

I. ์„œ ๋ก 

ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜๋ช…์˜ ์—ฐ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋…ธ์ธ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์™€

์‚ฌํšŒ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๋””์Šคํฌ ๋ฐ ํ›„๊ด€์ ˆ์˜ ํ‡ดํ–‰, ์š”์ถ”

๋ถ€ ์ฒ™์ถ”๊ด€ ํ˜‘์ฐฉ์ฆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ‡ดํ–‰์„ฑ ์š”์ถ”์งˆํ™˜์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€

๊ธ‰์†ํžˆ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[1].

์ถ”๊ฐ„์ฒด ์œ ํ•ฉ ๋ณดํ˜•์žฌ(cage)๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์œ ํ•ฉ์ˆ (fusion)์€ ์š”

Corresponding Author : Sung-Jae Lee

Biomedical Engineering, Clinical Biomechanics LAB, Inje

University, 197, Inje-ro, Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do,

50834, Korea

TEL: +82-55-326-5747 / FAX: +82-55-327-3292

E-mail: [email protected]

Spring rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ฒ™์ถ”๊ฒฝ ๋‚˜์‚ฌ๋ชป๊ณผ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋œ Flexible cage์˜ ์ƒ์ฒด์—ญํ•™์  ํšจ๊ณผ - ๊น€์˜ํ˜„ et al.

10

์ถ”๋ถ€์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ„์ฒด ๋†’์ด ์œ ์ง€์™€ ์ฒ™์ถ” ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ(inst-

ability) ํšŒ๋ณต์„ ๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‡ดํ–‰์„ฑ ์š”์ถ”์งˆํ™˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜

์ˆ ์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ž„์ƒ์—์„œ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[2]. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ

cage์˜ ์‚ฝ์ž…์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ(end plate)์—์„œ์˜ ์‘๋ ฅ ์ง‘์ค‘์œผ

๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ cage์˜ ์นจ๊ฐ•(subsidence)์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž

rigidํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋ด‰(rod)์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ ์ฒ™์ถ”๊ฒฝ ๋‚˜์‚ฌ๋ชป(pedicle screw

fixation, PSF)๊ณผ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰๋˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ์œ ํ•ฉ์— ๋”ฐ

๋ฅธ ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ํ•˜์ค‘ ์ „๋‹ฌ๊ณผ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ ์ œ

ํ•œ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์šด๋™์„ฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉฐ

์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ํ‡ดํ–‰์„ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™” ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด

๊ณ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[2-5].

์ตœ๊ทผ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ›„๋ฐฉ ์œ ๋™์  ์ถ”๊ฐ„์ฒด

๊ณ ์ •์žฌ(Posterior Dynamic Stabilization, PDS) system

๊ณผ ๋™๋ฐ˜๋œ flexible cage์˜ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์–ด cage์˜ ์นจ

๊ฐ• ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ  ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด์™€ ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜

์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ํ‡ดํ–‰์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[6].

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ PDS ๋ฐ flexible cage์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ dynamic stabili-

zation system์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ž„์ƒ์  ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ

๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

FDA ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์ž๋ฌธ์œ„์›ํšŒ(medical divices advisory

committee)์˜ 2013๋…„ ๋ณด๊ณ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด dynamic stabili-

zation system์€ 1997๋…„ ๋‹น์‹œ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ traditional pedicle

screw spinal system์— ๊ตฝํž˜ ๋ฐ ํšŒ์ „ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ

ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ(e.g., polymer cords, moveable screw heads,

and springs)์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์ฒ™์ถ”๊ฒฝ ๋‚˜์‚ฌ๋ชป์˜ ํŠน์ˆ˜ํ˜•

(specific subtype)์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค[7]. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฒ™์ถ”๊ฒฝ ๋‚˜

์‚ฌ๋ชป๊ณผ์˜ ๋™๋“ฑ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์‹œํ—˜(mechanical testing)์„

ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ž„์ƒ ์ 

์šฉ ์‹œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์‹œํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ํŒŒ๋‹จ, ํ†ต์ฆ,

์žฌ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ž„์ƒ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ํŒŒ๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜

์—ฌ 2007๋…„ ํ•œ ์ฐจ๋ก€(CD Horison Spinal System Agile

Dynamic Stabilization, Medtronic Sofamor Danek USA

Inc.)์˜ ํšŒ์ˆ˜(recall) ์กฐ์น˜๋„ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. FDA๋Š” 2009๋…„ 5

์›” ์ดํ›„ ์œ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ (fusion rates) ๋ฐ ์žฌ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„

ํฌํ•จํ•œ dynamic stabilization์˜ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ž„์ƒ์  ์•ˆ์ „์„ฑ ๋ฐ

์œ ํšจ์„ฑ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ

์œผ๋กœ dynamic stabilization์˜ ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€ ์‹œ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ

์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์‹œํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜

์—†๋Š” ์ž„์ƒ์  ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค[7].

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ๋ฒ•(finite element method)

์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ PDS์™€ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋œ flexible cage ๋ฐ ์œ ํ•ฉ์ˆ 

๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ธฐ์กด ๊ณ ์ •๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€(L2-S1) ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ ๋ชจ

๋ธ ์‹œ์ˆ  ํ›„ ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ์—์„œ์˜ ์นจ๊ฐ• ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ์ˆ 

๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋ฅ ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด

๋™์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ˆ ์ด ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์•ˆ์ •

์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ ์šด๋™์„ฑ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ธ

์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์  ์šด๋™์„ฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ํ‡ดํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ

์„ฑ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜

ํ•œ ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตด๊ณก ๋ฐ ์‹ ์ „ ์šด๋™ ์‹œ flexible cage์˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ์—

๋”ฐ๋ฅธ cage์˜ ํŒŒ๋‹จ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

II. ์žฌ๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

1. ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ตฌ์ถ•

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์ •์ƒ ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€(L2-S1) ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€

์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[8]. ์š”์ถ” ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜

๊ฐ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์š”์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์„ฑ์น˜๋Š” ๋ฌธํ—Œ์„ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค

(ํ‘œ 1)[9-14].

์‹œ์ˆ ๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์„ ์œ„ํ•œ PSF ๋ฐ flexible cage์˜ ์‚ฝ์ž…์€ ์ •

์ƒ ์š”์ถ”์˜ L4-5๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌํ˜„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ

flexible cage์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ œํ’ˆ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ‹ฐ

ํƒ€๋Š„ ์†Œ์žฌ์˜ ๊ธˆ์† ์žฌ์งˆ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ํ˜•์ƒ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๊ธˆ(typical shape

memory alloy)์ธ ๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋†€(nitinol)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  โ€˜Wโ€™ ํ˜•ํƒœ

๋กœ ์‹œ์ˆ  ํ›„ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฒ™์ถ” ์ „๋ฐฉ์œผ

๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜๋Š” ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋””์ž์ธ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ

ํ›„๋ฐฉ ์š”์ถ”์ฒด๊ฐ„ ์œ ํ•ฉ์ˆ (posterior lumbar interbody fusion,

PLIF)์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ œํ’ˆ์ด ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค[6]. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š”

์ •์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Type

1, Type 2๋Š” flexible cage ๋ฐ spring rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ PSF

์˜ dynamic ๊ณ ์ •๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ์‹œ์ˆ  ํ›„ ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜

ํ–ฅ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ์„ค์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, Type 3๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ

์œ ํ•ฉ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด๋‹ค. Type 4์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” Type 3์— rigid rod

๋ฅผ spring rod๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜์—ฌ spring rod์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ PSF, ์ฆ‰

PDS์™€ interbody fusion cage๊ฐ€ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด๋ฉฐ,

Type 5๋Š” ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ dynamic ๊ณ 

์ •๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ์ธ Type 3, Type 4

์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€์—์„œ์˜ ์ƒ์ฒด์—ญํ•™์ ์ธ ๊ฑฐ๋™ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋ฏธ์น˜

๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ๋‹ค

์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค(๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1):

(1) Normal spinal model (L2-S1);

(2) Type 1, Bio-functionalยฎ cage (Nitinol, E = 75 GPa,

ฯ… = 0.33, Biospine Inc., Korea) at the L4-5;

(3) Type 2, BioFlexยฎ Spring Rod System (Biospine

Inc., Korea) which is composed of nitinol rods

and titanium screws at the L4-5;

(4) Type 3, SynCage-LRยฎ (PEEK, E = 3.6 GPa, ฯ… = 0.3,

Mathys Medical Ltd, Bettlach, Swithzerland)

plus pedicle screw with rigid rods (Ti6A14V, E

= 114GPa, ฯ… = 0.3) at the L4-5;

Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research 38: 9-15 (2017)

11

(5) Type 4, SynCage-LRยฎ plus BioFlexยฎ Spring Rod

System (Type 2);

(6) Type 5, Bio-functionalยฎ cage (Type 1) plus BioFlexยฎ

Spring Rod System (Type 2);

cage์˜ ์‚ฝ์ž…์„ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ cage์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์‚ฝ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๊ณ 

๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ nucleus pulposus, annulus ground ๋ฐ annulus

fibers์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[6].

PSF๋Š” ์ƒ๊ด€์ ˆ ๋Œ๊ธฐ ์™ธ์—ฐ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ค‘์ถ•๊ณผ ํšก๋Œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–‘๋ถ„

ํ•˜๋Š” ํšก์ถ•์ด ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒ™์ถ”๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ถ•์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ

์‚ฝ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” Inward method๋กœ facet capsular ligament,

supraspinous ligament๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฝ์ž…ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ[15], ๊ณจ

๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฉด์€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์œ ํ•ฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ โ€˜tie contactโ€™ ์กฐ๊ฑด

์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[8,16].

ํ‘œ 1. ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€ ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์„ฑ์น˜.

Table 1. Material properties used in the finite-element model of the lumbar spine.

Material Youngโ€™s modulus E (MPa) Poissonโ€™s ratio Cross-sectional area (mm2)

Cortical boneCancellous bone

12000100

0.30.2

--

BonyPosterior elementEnd plateAnnulus groundNucleus pulposus

3500

254.21.0

0.250.250.450.499

(incompressible)

----

Annulus fibersLayer 1/2Layer 3/4Layer 5/6Layer 7/8

550495413358

----

0.500.390.310.24

LigamentsALLPLLLFCLITLISLSSL

7.8 (< 12%)10 (< 11%)15 (< 6.2%)7.5 (< 25%)10 (< 18%)10 (< 14%) 8 (< 20%)

20 (> 12%)20 (> 11%)19 (> 6.2%)33 (> 25%)59 (> 18%)12 (> 14%)15 (> 20%)

-------

63.7204030

1.84030

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 1. ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ(L4-5): Type 1, flexible cage ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ(L4-5); Type 2, spring rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ PSF ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ; Type 3, interbody

fusion cage ๋ฐ rigid rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ PSF ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ; Type 4, interbody fusion cage ๋ฐ Type 2 ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ; Type 5, Type 1 ๋ฐ Type

2 ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ.

Fig. 1. Post-operative models at the L4-5: Type 1, flexible cage only; Type 2, pedicle screws with spring rods; Type 3,

interbody fusion cage plus pedicle screws with rigid rods; Type 4, interbody fuison cage plus Type 2; Type 5, Type 1 plus

Type 2.

Spring rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ฒ™์ถ”๊ฒฝ ๋‚˜์‚ฌ๋ชป๊ณผ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋œ Flexible cage์˜ ์ƒ์ฒด์—ญํ•™์  ํšจ๊ณผ - ๊น€์˜ํ˜„ et al.

12

2. ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ฐ ๊ตฌ์† ์กฐ๊ฑด

๊ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ 2์š”์ถ”์˜ ์ƒ์ข…ํŒ

์— ์‹ ์ „(extension), ๊ตด๊ณก(flexion) ์šด๋™์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ 10

Nm์™€ 400N์˜ ์••์ถ• follower load๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ œ 1

์ฒœ์ถ”์˜ ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ์„ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์›€์ง์ž„์ด ์—†๋„๋ก ๊ตฌ์†

ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[8,9]. cage ์‚ฝ์ž… ํ›„ ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ์—์„œ์˜ ์นจ๊ฐ• ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์‹ 

์ „ ๋ฐ ๊ตด๊ณก ์šด๋™ ์‹œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ์—์„œ์˜ PVMS (peak

von Mises stress)๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ cage ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ

ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ •์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ฐ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜

์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด ๋น„์œจ์€ 400N์˜ ์••์ถ• follower load ์ 

์šฉ ํ•˜์— ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ฐ ์ธ์ ‘๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ

์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ Hybrid protocol(์ •์ƒ๋ชจ๋ธ: 10 Nm)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ

ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[17]. ๋˜ํ•œ flexible cage์˜ ํŒŒ๋‹จ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์‹ ์ „ ๋ฐ ๊ตด

๊ณก ์šด๋™ ํ•˜์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” cage์˜ PVMS๋ฅผ ๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋†€ ์žฌ์งˆ์ด

๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํ•ญ๋ณต๊ฐ•๋„(yield strength)์™€์˜ ๋น„์œจ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๊ฐ€

ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[18].

III. ๊ฒฐ ๊ณผ

1. cage์˜ ์นจ๊ฐ• ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ

cage์˜ ์นจ๊ฐ• ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ cage๊ฐ€ ์‚ฝ์ž…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ Type 2๋ฅผ

์ œ์™ธํ•œ Type 1, Type 3, Type 4, Type 5์˜ ๊ตด๊ณก ๋ฐ ์‹ ์ „

์šด๋™ ์‹œ cage๊ฐ€ ์‚ฝ์ž…๋œ ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ์—์„œ์˜ PVMS๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•

์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. PSF์™€ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ Type 1์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹ค

๋ฅธ ์„ธ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตด๊ณก ์šด๋™์—์„œ 4.99MPa, ์‹ ์ „ ์šด

๋™์—์„œ 7.30MPa๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ 3~12๋ฐฐ ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋†’์€ PVMS๋ฅผ ๋‚˜

ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค(๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2). PSF์™€ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋œ Type 3, Type 4,

Type 5๋Š” ๊ตด๊ณก ์šด๋™์—์„œ 1.39~1.93MPa, ์‹ ์ „ ์šด๋™์—์„œ

0.57~0.98MPa๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. Type 5์—์„œ PVMS๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์•˜

์œผ๋ฉฐ Type 3, Type 4 ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ชจ

๋ธ์—์„œ ์‹ ์ „ ์šด๋™์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตด๊ณก ์šด๋™ ์‹œ ๋†’์€ PVMS๋ฅผ ๋ณด

์˜€๋‹ค. flexible cage๋ฅผ ์‚ฝ์ž…ํ•œ Type 1, Type 5์˜ ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ ํ•˜

์ค‘ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3์™€ ๊ฐ™์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, PSF ์‚ฝ์ž… ํ›„ PVMS ์œ„์น˜

๊ฐ€ ํ›„๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ์ „๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Type 5๋Š” Type 1๊ณผ ๋น„

๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตด๊ณก ์šด๋™์—์„œ 72%, ์‹ ์ „ ์šด๋™์—์„œ 92% ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ์˜

PVMS๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€ ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋ฅ 

์ •์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ฐ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด

๋น„์œจ์€ 400N์˜ ์••์ถ• follower load ์ ์šฉ ํ•˜์— ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ

๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ์ „๋ฐฉ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฒ™์ถ”์ฒด ๋ฐ ๋””์Šคํฌ

์™€ cage๊ฐ€ ์ด์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํ›„๋ฐฉ์€ ํ›„๊ด€์ ˆ(facet joint) ๋ฐ PSF

๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ •์ƒ์˜ ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ํ•˜์ค‘๋ถ„๋‹ด๋ฅ ์€ 85:15์˜€๋‹ค.

flexible cage๊ฐ€ ์‚ฝ์ž…๋œ Type 1์€ 88:12 ์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, cage๊ฐ€ ์‚ฝ

์ž…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฑ„ spring rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ PSF๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ˆ ํ•œ Type

2๊ฐ€ 69:31๋กœ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ›„๋ฐฉ์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์•˜

๋‹ค. cage์™€ PSF๋ฅผ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Type 2์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ

์ „๋ฐฉ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋ฅ ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ Type 5๊ฐ€ 79:21

๋กœ ์ •์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋ฅ ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.

3. ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ฐ ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ

Type 1์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ(L4-5)์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ •

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 3. flexible cage ์‚ฝ์ž…์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„ํฌ.

Fig. 3. Stress distributions at the endplate below the flexible

cage.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 2. cage ์‚ฝ์ž…์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ์˜ PVMS: (A) ๊ตด๊ณก, (B) ์‹ ์ „ ์šด๋™.

Fig. 2. PVMS at the endplate below the cage: (A) Flexion, (B)

Extension.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research 38: 9-15 (2017)

13

์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ ์šด๋™์„ฑ์ด 53~65% ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜

์˜€๊ณ , Type 3, Type 4, Type 2, Type 5 ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€

๋‹ค(๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5). ๊ตด๊ณก ๋ฐ ์‹ ์ „ ์šด๋™์—์„œ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ

๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, flexible cage๋งŒ ์‚ฝ์ž…๋œ Type 1์€ ์‹ ์ „ ์šด๋™

์—์„œ 6% ์šด๋™์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ตด๊ณก ์šด๋™์—์„œ๋Š” 35% ์ฆ

๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ์€ Type 1์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ

๋ธ์—์„œ 17~33% ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. Type 3, Type

4, Type 2, Type 5 ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ์šด๋™์„ฑ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, Type

1์€ ๊ตด๊ณก ์‹ ์ „ ๋ชจ๋‘ 12~14% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Type 5์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ

์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์—์„œ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ์ด 17~26% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ cage์™€ PSF

๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋œ Type 3(32~33%), Type 4(28~29%)์— ๋น„

ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๊ต์  ๋ณ€ํ™” ํญ์ด ์ž‘์•˜๋‹ค.

4. flexible cage์˜ ํŒŒ๋‹จ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ

flexible cage๋ฅผ ์‚ฝ์ž…ํ•œ Type 1, Type 5์—์„œ ๊ตด๊ณก ๋ฐ ์‹ 

์ „ ์šด๋™ ์‹œ cage์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” PVMS์™€ ๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋†€์˜ ํ•ญ๋ณต ๊ฐ•๋„

์™€์˜ ๋น„์œจ์„ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒŒ๋‹จ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ถ”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. flexible

cage ๋งŒ์„ ์‚ฝ์ž…ํ•œ Type 1์€ ๊ตด๊ณก์—์„œ 127%, ์‹ ์ „์—์„œ 41%

์˜ ํŒŒ๋‹จ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ตด๊ณก ์šด๋™์— ์•„์ฃผ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Type 1์—์„œ spring rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ PSF์™€ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ํ•  ๊ฒฝ

์šฐ cage์˜ ํŒŒ๋‹จ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ๊ตด๊ณก์—์„œ 29%, ์‹ ์ „์—์„œ 15%๋กœ

๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Type 1, Type 5 ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ตด๊ณก ์šด๋™์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ 

์ „ ์šด๋™์—์„œ cage์˜ ํŒŒ๋‹จ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ ์šด๋™์— ๋”ฐ

๋ฅธ cage์˜ ์ทจ์•ฝ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.

IV. ๊ณ  ์ฐฐ

cage ๋ฐ PSF๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์œ ํ•ฉ์ˆ ์€ ํ‡ดํ–‰์„ฑ ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€ ์งˆํ™˜์—

์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค[2,6]. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ

cage ๋‹จ๋… ์‹œ์ˆ  ์‹œ์—๋Š” ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ์—์„œ์˜ ์นจ๊ฐ•์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜

๋ฉฐ PSF๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ฐ˜๋˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ

๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์šด๋™์„ฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„

์ ˆ ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ ๋‚ด์••์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ํ‡ดํ–‰์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ

์ด ๋†’๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ•์„ฑ๋„๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์š”

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 4. ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋ฅ .

Fig. 4. Load-sharing characteristics between anterior and

posterior parts.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 5. ์ •์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋œ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ์‹œ์ˆ (L4-5) ๋ฐ ์ธ

์ ‘(L3-4) ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ: (A) ๊ตด๊ณก, (B) ์‹ ์ „ ์šด๋™.

Fig. 5. Range of motion (ROM) at the operated (L4-5) and

adjacent (L3-4) levels normalized to ROM of the intact

model: (A) Flexion, (B) Extension.

๊ทธ๋ฆผ 6. ๊ตด๊ณก ๋ฐ ์‹ ์ „ ์šด๋™ ์‹œ flexible cage์˜ ํŒŒ๋‹จ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์ทจ์•ฝ

๋ถ€๋ถ„(red circle).

Fig. 6. Likelihood of component failure of the flexible cage in

flexion and extension and weak point (red circle).

Spring rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ฒ™์ถ”๊ฒฝ ๋‚˜์‚ฌ๋ชป๊ณผ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋œ Flexible cage์˜ ์ƒ์ฒด์—ญํ•™์  ํšจ๊ณผ - ๊น€์˜ํ˜„ et al.

14

์ถ”๋ถ€์˜ ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜๊ณ 

์žˆ๋‹ค[2,9].

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด PDS์™€ ๋™๋ฐ˜๋œ flexible

cage์˜ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ flexible cage ๋ฐ PDS

์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ dynamic stabilization system์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ž„์ƒ ์ ์šฉ

์‹œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์‹œํ—˜์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ํŒŒ๋‹จ, ํ†ต์ฆ, ์žฌ์ˆ˜

์ˆ  ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ธฐ๋จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ž„์ƒ์  ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ

๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€ ์‹œ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ

ํ•˜์—ฌ dynamic stabilization system์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜

๋ฌธ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค[7].

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€(L2-S1) ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์‚ฌ

์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ dynamic stabilization system์ธ flexible cage์™€

spring rod๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ PSF์˜ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€

์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋™์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ƒ์ฒด์—ญํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์ •

์„ฑ์„ ์ž…์ฆํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

cage ์‚ฝ์ž…์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์นจ๊ฐ• ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ cage ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฝ์ž…๋œ ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ

์—์„œ์˜ PVMS๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ

interbody fusion cage๋Š” ์ž„์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ

๋Š” PEEK ์†Œ์žฌ์˜ ALIF (anterior lumbar interbody

fusion) cage๋กœ rigid rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ PSF์™€ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋˜์—ˆ

์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ตด๊ณก ๋ฐ ์‹ ์ „ ์šด๋™์—์„œ ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ

๋ณด๋‹ค 20~66% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ด์ „ Choi์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ™•์ธ

ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค[2]. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ

Choi์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ตด๊ณก ์šด๋™์— ๋น„ํ•˜

์—ฌ ์‹ ์ „ ์šด๋™์—์„œ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค. in-

terbody fusion cage๊ฐ€ spring rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ PSF์™€ ๋™๋ฐ˜

์‹œ์ˆ  ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Choi์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด

์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ rigid rod์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ๊ณ ์ •๋ ฅ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ํ•˜

์ข…ํŒ์˜ PVMS๋ฅผ ์•ฝ 3.1~5.7% ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผœ cage ์นจ๊ฐ• ๊ฐ€

๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์˜€๋‹ค. flexible cage๋Š” ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ

PSF์™€ ๋™๋ฐ˜๋œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ 3~12๋ฐฐ ๋†’์€

PVMS๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ spring rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ PSF์™€ ๋™๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ

์‹œ์ˆ  ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ cage๋ฅผ ์‚ฝ์ž…ํ•œ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ ์ค‘ PVMS๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€

์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ flexible cage ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ

์˜ ํ›„๋ฐฉ์— ์‘๋ ฅ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ๊ณ ์ •๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์˜

์‚ฝ์ž…์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๋กœ ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ์˜ ์‘๋ ฅ ์ง‘์ค‘์ด

ํ›„๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ์ „๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์š”์ถ”๋ถ€์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฌธํ—Œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ •์ƒ ์ฒ™

์ถ”๋Š” ์••์ถ• ํ•˜์ค‘ ํ•˜์— ์ „๋ฐฉ์—์„œ 80~90%, ํ›„๋ฐฉ์—์„œ 10~20%

์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ถ„๋‹ดํ•˜๊ณ  PSF๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์œ ํ•ฉ์ˆ  ํ›„์—๋Š” ์ „๋ฐฉ์—

์„œ ์•ฝ 60%์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ถ„๋‹ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค[19]. ์•„

์šธ๋Ÿฌ Moumene์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด cage๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ฐ˜๋˜์–ด ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ 

๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ „๋ฐฉ์—์„œ 75%์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๋ถ„๋‹ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ cage ์‹œ์ˆ  ํ›„

์ „๋ฐฉ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋ฅ ์ด PSF ๋‹จ๋… ์‹œ์ˆ ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค[20]. Kim๊ณผ Choi์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ์œ ํ•ฉ ๋ชจ

๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์ „๋ฐฉ์— 72~75%์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘์ด ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜

์˜€๋‹ค[2,9]. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ •์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ 85:15์˜ ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„

๋‹ด๋ฅ ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. cage ๋ฐ PSF์˜ ๋‹จ๋… ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด

๊ณจ ์กฐ์ง์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ•์„ฑ๋„์˜ ๊ณ ์ • ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์‚ฝ์ž…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ

cage ์‹œ์ˆ ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ „๋ฐฉ์—์„œ, PSF ์‹œ์ˆ  ์‹œ์—๋Š” ํ›„๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ์‹œ

์ˆ ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋ฅ ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋˜์—ˆ์„

๊ฒฝ์šฐ Kim ๋“ฑ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค[9]. flexible

cage ๋ฐ spring rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ PSF๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ interbody

fusion cage ๋ฐ rigid rod์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ PSF์— ๋Œ€์ฒด๋˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ

๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‚ฝ์ž… ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ „๋ฐฉ ๋˜๋Š” ํ›„๋ฐฉ์—์„œ์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด

๋ฅ ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ์ผฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋™๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™

๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ ์ค‘ ์ •์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋ฅ ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด

๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.

์šด๋™์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ flexible cage์˜ ๋‹จ๋… ์‹œ์ˆ ์€ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜

์šด๋™์„ฑ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œํ•œํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ spirng rod์™€ ๊ฒฐ

ํ•ฉํ•œ PSF์™€ ๋™๋ฐ˜๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 55%๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด๋™

์„ฑ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 62~57% ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ์šด

๋™์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์™€

๊ฐ™์ด cage์™€ PSF๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ์—

์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ์„

์ •์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ 28~33% ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ flexible

cage์™€ spring rod๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•œ PSF์˜ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ

17~26%์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ ๋น„๊ต์  ์ ์€ ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ

์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ์šด๋™์„ฑ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜

์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์šด๋™์„ฑ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ์ผœ ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ ๋‚ด์••

์ฆ๊ฐ€์—๋„ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์คŒ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ํ‡ดํ–‰๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ

๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”์–ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค[9,16].

flexible cage๋Š” ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค spring

rod๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ PSF์™€ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ํŒŒ๋‹จ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„

30% ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋ฉฐ ์‹œ์ˆ  ํ›„ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ์–ด

๋Š ์ •๋„ ์ž…์ฆํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ธ์ฒด์˜ ๋ผ์ดํ”„ ์‚ฌ์ด

ํด(life cycle)์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ”ผ๋กœ ํ•˜์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ˜• ๋˜๋Š” ํŒŒ๋‹จ์—

๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ™•์ธ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.

์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ์š”์ถ” ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ํ”ผ์งˆ๊ณจ, ํ•ด๋ฉด๊ณจ,

์ข…ํŒ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณจ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋น„๋“ฑ๋ฐฉ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋น„์„ ํ˜•์  ํŠน์„ฑ์ด

๋ฐ˜์˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์‹œ์ˆ  ํ›„ ๊ณจ๊ณผ ์ž„ํ”Œ

๋ž€ํŠธ์˜ ๊ณ„๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณจ์œ ํ•ฉ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ •๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋“ค

์˜ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์‚ฝ์ž… ์ƒํƒœ๋งŒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ์˜ ํ’€๋ฆผ

ํ˜„์ƒ(loosening), ์ดํƒˆ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ์ด์—

๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹คํ—˜ data๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ๋น„๋“ฑ๋ฐฉ์„ฑ ๋˜๋Š” ์„ ํ˜•์ 

ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง ๋ฐ ๊ณจ๊ณผ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ณ„๋ฉด์— ๋งˆ์ฐฐ

๊ณ„์ˆ˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ž„ํ”Œ๋ž€ํŠธ ๊ณ ์ •๋ ฅ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋“ฑ

์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research 38: 9-15 (2017)

15

V. ๊ฒฐ ๋ก 

์ตœ๊ทผ flexible cage ๋ฐ PDS์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ dynamic stabili-

zation system์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์˜ ํŒŒ๋‹จ, ํ†ต์ฆ, ์žฌ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ž„

์ƒ ๋ฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ ๋“ฑ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ํ•ฉ์ˆ  ์ œํ’ˆ

๊ณผ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜

์—ฌ ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ์ œ๊ธฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์š”์ถ”๋ถ€ ์œ ํ•œ์š”์†Œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ

spring rod system๊ณผ ๋™๋ฐ˜๋œ flexible cage๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์ „ ํ›„

๋ฐฉ ์œ ํ•ฉ์ˆ  ๋ฐ interbody fusion cage์™€ PDS์˜ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ˆ 

๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์—ฌ, ์‹œ์ˆ  ํ›„ ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ

์ œํ•œํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‹œ์— ์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ

ํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ์ •์ƒ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋” ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ „ ํ›„๋ฐฉ ํ•˜์ค‘ ๋ถ„๋‹ด๋ฅ ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”

๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ cage์˜ โ€˜Wโ€™ ํ˜•ํƒœ ๋ฐ ์žฌ์งˆ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ

cage ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ํ•˜์ข…ํŒ์— ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ์™„ํ™”์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ

cage์˜ ์นจ๊ฐ• ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  cage์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ

์  ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ spring rod

๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ PSF์™€ ๋™๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์ˆ ๋œ flexible cage๋Š” ์‹œ์ˆ  ๋ถ„์ ˆ

์˜ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ cage์˜ ์นจ๊ฐ• ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋ฐ

์ธ์ ‘ ๋ถ„์ ˆ์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ํ‡ดํ–‰์„ฑ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ

๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋œ๋‹ค.

References

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Park, โ€œBiomechanical comparison of anterior lumbar inter-

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