WORLD

By:

Abdur Rehman Rafiq

DIFFERENT BIOMES

Rain

Forest

Desert

Conifero

us Forest

Deciduou

s Forest

Tundr

a

LOCATIONS WORLD WIDE

Latitude

Altitude

Climatic Conditions

Solar radiation

Effect of seasons

Atmospheric circulation

Evaporation

DEFINING FACTORS

HIGHLANDS

BIOMES OF THE WORLD

Tundra Biome

Coniferous Forest

Biome

Deciduous Forest

Biome

Desert Biome

Grassland Biome

Savanna Biome

Rain Forest Biome

TUNDRA BIOME

TUNDRA BIOME

The tundra is near the North Pole.

Trees do not grow there.

Winters are very cold.

Summers last for a very short time.

It is frozen and never melts.

HIGHLAND

CLIMATE

Sea Level

1,000 ft

3,300 ft

6,600 ft

9,900 ft

13,200 ft

16,500 ft

19,800 ft

81°F

77°F

70°F

57°F

49°F

34°F

21°F

9°F

Hot Zone

Temperate Zone

Cold Zone

Tundra

Snow cap

Mountain areas where the air temperature cools as

altitude increases.

Deciduous

Grass Land

• 55-70 degrees North latitude

• Arctic National Wildlife refuge, Alaska and Manitoba, Canada

ARCTIC TUNDRA LOCATIONS

ALPINE TUNDRA

Typically located at an altitude higher than 10,000 feet

TUNDRA ANIMALS

Arctic Fox

(omnivore)

Caribou

(herbivore)

Harlequin Duck

(main diet is small sea

creatures; arctic fox is its

main predator)

Musk Ox

(herbivore; predators are

arctic wolf and polar bear)

Snowy Owl

(carnivore; preys are arctic fox

and small animals)Polar Bear

TUNDRA PLANTS

Arctic Moss

Caribou Moss

Bearberry

Tufted Saxifrage Pasque Flower

CONIFEROUS FOREST BIOME

CONIFEROUS FOREST BIOME

Summers are short and mild and the winters

are long, cold and dry.

Plants are mostly evergreen conifers with

leaves like needles, such as pine, fir and

spruce.

Soil is thin and lacking in nutrients.

CONIFEROUS FOREST LOCATION

Located mainly between the 45th and 57th North latitudes – south of the tundra & north of temperate grasslands & temperate deciduous forest

Found in Eurasia, North America, Siberia, Scandinavia, Alaska, and Canada

CONIFEROUS FOREST ANIMALS

Gray

Wolf

Black

Bear

(omnivore

)

Bald Eagle

Northern Lynx

(eats small

mammals)

Bobcat

(eats small mammals)

Wolverine

(eats small mammals)

CONIFEROUS FOREST PLANTS

Balsam Fir

(squirrels, deer, caribous

eat its buds)

Eastern Red Cedar

(animals such as birds

eat its berry fruit)

Siberian Spruce

(pine cones for

small mammals)

Jack Pine

(pine cones

for rodents)

White Fir

(seeds for

squirrels)

DECIDUOUS FOREST BIOME

DECIDUOUS FOREST BIOME

The leaves change color before they fall.

Deciduous trees lose their leaves in autumn.

The fallen leaves are good for the soil.

In spring, new leaves grow and the forest is

green again.

The leaves are wide to catch more sunshine.

DECIDUOUS FOREST LOCATIONS

• Found in eastern North America, northeastern Asia, and western and central

Europe (lower middle latitudes in the Northern hemisphere)

• Mainly located in middle latitudes of northern hemisphere (30°-60°N)

DECIDUOUS FOREST ANIMALS

White-Tailed Deer

Least Weasel

(eats rodents, birds,

poultry, and rabbits)

European Red SquirrelEastern Chipmunk

(omnivore)

Duckbill Platypus

(carnivore)

Coyote

(omnivore)

Fat Dormouse

(eats fruits, seeds,

insects, and bird eggs)

DECIDUOUS FOREST PLANTS

Tawny Milksap

Mushroom

Lady Fern

Guelder Rose

Carpet Moss

White Birch Tree

Pecan Tree

DESERT BIOME

DESERT BIOME

A desert can be very hot in daytime and cold at

night (no rainfall at all.)

Some deserts are cold all the time.

Desert plants need special ways of getting water;

their leaves and roots are special.

Desert animals have special ways to survive.

Many shelter underground. Some animals are

active at night when it’s cool.

DESERT LOCATIONS

•Major hot and dry deserts are located between 25 and 40

degrees North and South latitude in the interiors of continents

•Four major deserts of North America include the Chihuahuan,

Sonoran, Mojave, and Great Basin

DESERT ANIMALS

Roadrunner

(omnivore)

Thorny Devil Lizard

(eats ants; a prey

of birds)

Cactus Ferruginous

Pygmy Owl

Javelina

(herbivore

Bobcat’s prey)

Sonoran

Pronghorn Antelope

Desert Bighorn

Sheep

Banded Gila Monster

(carnivore; eats small

animals)

DESERT PLANTS

Barrel Cactus Soaptree Yucca Mojave Aster

Pancake Prickly

Pear Cactus

OcotilloJoshua Tree

Brittle Bush

GRASSLAND BIOME

GRASSLAND BIOME

Grasses are the main kind of plant in grasslands.

There are not many trees in grasslands.

Some grasslands are hot all year round. Some

grassland areas have hot summers and very cold

winters.

Grasslands are big open areas that get between

25 and 75 cm of rain per year. This is less rain

than a forest gets and more than a desert gets.

GRASSLAND LOCATIONS

Temperate grasslands located in central North America (prairies – have tall

grasses), Europe and Asia (steppes – short grasses), and South America

(Pampas).

Equator

Prairies (TG)

Pampas

Steppes (TG)

GRASSLAND ANIMALS

Bumble Bee

(hunts by birds, skunks,

Badgers, etc.)Bobcat

Coyote

Badger

(carnivore)

Prairie Dog (Herbivore)

GRASSLAND PLANTS

Fleabane

Blue

Grama

Grass

Buffalo Grass

June Grass

Stinging

Nettle

Milkweed

SAVANNA BIOME

SAVANNA BIOME

A tropical grassland with some clumps of trees.

It is characterized by its specific wet (summer)

and dry (long winter) seasons.

Contain the greatest number of grazing animals

on Earth.

Fire plays a large role in this ecosystem.

Rainy and Dry Season.

SAVANNA LOCATIONS

Savannas found in Africa, Australia, South America and India

SAVANNA ANIMALS

African Wild Dog

(carnivore; eats mainly

deer and antelopes)

Zebra

Emu (eat plants

and insects)

Baboon

(eat plants, fruits,

and bugs)

Egyptian Mongoose

(eats mainly small

animals, but it also eats

fruits)

African Elephants

Black Mamba

SAVANNA PLANTS

Whistling

Thorn

(long seed

pod is

nutritious

for animals)

Elephant Grass

Bermuda Grass

Acacia Tree

Kangaroo Paws

RAIN FOREST BIOME

RAIN FOREST BIOME

Rainforests are thick, warm and wet forests.

They are forests that get at least 250 cm a year of

rain, often more.

It has a lot of rain (high rainfall throughout the

year.)

Tropical forests are located near the equator.

Areas that are warm and frost-free.

TROPICAL RAIN FOREST

•Located near equator (between tropic of cancer & tropic of capricorn)

•Found in Central and South America, southeast Asia,

West Africa and the islands.

Equator

Tropic of

Cancer (23.5 N)

Tropic ofCapricorn (23.5 S)

Amazon

Rainforest

TEMPERATE RAIN FOREST

Tropic of

Cancer (23.5 N)

Tropic ofCapricorn (23.5 S)

Olympic

Rainforest

•Located away from equator (outside of tropic of cancer & tropic of

capricorn)

•found on western edge of north and south America

RAINFOREST ANIMALS

Toco Tucan

(eats fruits, insects,

and spiders)

Sumatran Rhinoceros

(herbivore)

ChimpanzeeJambu Fruit Dove

Wagler’s Pit ViperBengal Tiger

RAINFOREST PLANTS

Coconut Tree

Jambu

Honey Bee

Tree

Bengal Bamboo

Bougainvillea

LOCATION: PHILIPPINES

Tropical Rainforest in Bohol

LOCATION: ASIA

Gobi Desert between China and Mongolia

LOCATION: EUROPE

Taiga in Central Germany

LOCATION: NORTH AMERICA

Deciduous forest in Texas Hill

LOCATION: SOUTH AMERICA

Grassland in Buenos Aires, Argentina

LOCATION: AFRICA

Grassland in Africa

LOCATION: ANTARCTICA

Tundra in Antarctic Peninsula