Biometric technologies

WHAT IS BIOMETRICS

BIOMETRICS REFERS TO THE AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION OF A PERSON BASED ON THEIR PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

PHYSIOLOGICAL are related to the shape of the body . Finger print, Face recognition, DNA, Plam print, Retina and Voice Recognition

Biometrics is the word derived from the Greek word.

‘Bio’ means life and ‘metric’ means measure.

Identity verification in computer system is PIN, PASSWORD.

In many cases KEYS, CHIP CARD, PIN, PASSWORD are used for security verification.

Things like keys, cards can be stolen and pins, passwords to be forgotten or disclosed.

To come over all these problems biometric security is used.

Types of Biometric Security TechnologiesFINGERPRINTIRISRETINAHAND GEOMETRYFACIAL RECOGNITIONSPEAKER VERIFICATIONOTHER BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGIES

LIKE HANDVIEN, PLAMPRINT, DNA, EAR SHAPE, body odor, fingernail bed e.t.c .

Fingerprint Technologies

It is the oldest of the all Biometric techniques.

In olden days they used PAPER-BASED method.

Now, they are digitalized by using Optical, Thermal, Ultrasonic principles.

Even twins have different fingerprints and no two have the same fingerprint.

TYPES OF FINGERPRINT SENSORS

IRIS BIOMETRICS

Iris is the externally-visibly, colored ring around the pupil.

The flowery pattern is unique for each individual.

Even left and right eyes of any individual, have unrelated IRIS pattern.

It is stable throughout the life.

Hand Geometry

Hand geometry is a biometric that identifies users by the shape of their hands.

Dimensions and shape of the hand, fingers as well as their relative locations

While scanning two images aretaken one from the top and one from the side

retinaRetina scan is the process of analyzing the layer of blood vessels situated at the back of the eye.

Retina scan machines are fairly expensive.It takes around 10 minutes to scan retina.

Facial Recognition

It requires no physical interaction on behalf of the user.

The system compares 1. Distance between eyes2. Width of the nose3. Depth of eye sockets4. Length of jaw line

Speaker verificationIt’s a habitual speaking recognition. Voice recognition systems analyze

differences such as in pitch, tone. This biometric is also sensitive to

environmentalConditions such as background noise .

Advantages of Biometrics Biometrics cannot be lost, stolen,

forgotten. Biometrics is consistent and permanent.

It is also secure in that biometric itself cannot be shared or used by others.

There is no requirement to remember passwords, PINs.

The biometric is always available to the individual and unique.

Disadvantages of BiometricFace recognition system can’t tell the

difference between identical twins.Retinal scanning systems, are still

uncomfortable for the user.Peoples voice can change,

background noises can interfere. There are two types of errors-a. FALSE REJECTION and b. FALSE ACCEPTANCE

Conclusion BIOMETRICS play a major role in our

daily life.

But we should not depend totally on biometric security.

Even its unique for every one, it has many disadvantages.