bioremediation and phytoremediation 45
TRANSCRIPT
Presented by: MUSHTAQ-UR-REHMAN
IMRAN IQBAl
SAIRA YAQOOB
RAZIA SULTANA
WAQAS SHAHID
Preston university islamabad
BIOREMEDIATION and PHYTOREMEDIATION
HOW IT WORKS
Microbes release enzymes and it degrade the
contaminant..
Conventional……..
Microbes
attack only
one side of
contaminant
, leads to
slower and
less
effective
remediation
Enhanced bioremediation
Combination of microbes and emulsifiers break the contaminants
and enzymes digest it quickly…..
What is bioremediation
BIOREMEDIATION
• Bioremediation is a process of removing or degrading
the toxic pollutant from the environment by using
microorganism .
• commonly used micro organisms are,
Flavobacterium,Arthrobacter, and Azotobacter
• Bioremediation focuses on different sources they
are called as different names.
plant------------- phytoremediation
fungi------------- mycoremediation
STRTEGIES
GMO”s
Use of indigenous microorganism
Bio stimulation
Bio augmentation
Phyto remediation
GENE MANIPULATION
Gene responsible for the degradation of
pollutant is introduced and expressed in
bacteria e.g.
Gene opd of flavobacterium which is
responsible for the degradation of
carbonats is introduced in the fungi ,
Gliocladium virens, who express the
gene.
GENE MANIPULATION
Enterobacter agglomerans , containing
plasmids RP-4 encodes for biophenyl
degradation
This strain when added to soil it
disappear quickly but plasmid is
transferred to the microbes , which carry
out the process of biophenyl
degradation
Use of indigenous micro
organism
Soil harbours a number of microorganisms with
degradative potential
Microbes are ubiquitous in distribution
The have developed enzymatic systems to tackle
environmental contaminants
USE OF INDIGENOUS micro organism
Cyanobacteria and algae – hydrocarbons
Pseudomonas putida – can degrade benzoate completely
BIOSTIMULATION
BIOSTIMULATION
Biostimulation is the stimulation of indigenous
microbial growth by providing them with
necessary nutrients
Principle :
Microbes cannot use pollutants as a sole
source of energy. Hence they need to be
provided with other essential nutrients
BIOAUGMENTATION
Bioaugmentation is addition of selected
organisms to the contaminated site in order to
supplement indigenous microbial population
and speed up degradation
Bioaugmentation has been successfully
carried out by using activated soil rather
than pure cultures
Activated soil – soil containing indigenous
microbial population recently exposed to
contaminants
BIOAUGMENTATION
Activated soil containing
various bacteria have been
used to degrade :
Pentachlorophenol
Atrazine
Chloro benzoate
PHYTOREMEDIATION
Phytoremediation is the use of plants for the removal of
contaminants and metals from the soil and water, or to
render them harmless
It is basically the decontamination or stabilization of the
polluted area using plants
PROCESS IN PHYTOREMEDIATION
Phytoextraction
Phytodegradation
Phytovolatilization
Phytostabilization
PHYTOEXTRACTI
ON
Conclusion
Bioremediation, the
process whereby natural
degradation rates are
accelerated through
stimulation of indigenous
microorganisms is an
effective ecologically and
economically effective
reclamation alternative
Reference
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