biotechnology and gm crops development in tunisia: status and
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1 t I t ti l W k h H i ti f GMO1 t I t ti l W k h H i ti f GMO1st International Workshop on Harmonization of GMO 1st International Workshop on Harmonization of GMO Detection and Analysis in the Middle East and North Africa Detection and Analysis in the Middle East and North Africa
(MENA) Region(MENA) Region(MENA) Region (MENA) Region Dead Sea, Jordan: 4 Dead Sea, Jordan: 4 -- 5 June 2012 5 June 2012
Biotechnology and GM crops development in Tunisia: Biotechnology and GM crops development in Tunisia: Status and experience related to the implementation Status and experience related to the implementation
of GMO and legislationof GMO and legislation
Pr. Khaled Masmoudi & Dr. Faïçal BriniPr. Khaled Masmoudi & Dr. Faïçal Brini
Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), TunisiaCentre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), Tunisia
Germplasm improvement programs in Tunisia: the playersGermplasm improvement programs in Tunisia: the players
Ministry of AgricultureMinistry of Agriculture Ministry of Environment Ministry of Environment Ministry of Higher Education Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Researchand Scientific Researchand Scientific Researchand Scientific Research
Key Biotech institutions: CBS CBBC INAT INRAT FSTKey Biotech institutions: CBS CBBC INAT INRAT FSTKey Biotech institutions: CBS, CBBC, INAT, INRAT, FST,.. Key Biotech institutions: CBS, CBBC, INAT, INRAT, FST,..
M d bi t h l t l ti lt t h i DNA l lM d bi t h l t l ti lt t h i DNA l lModern biotechnology tools: tissue culture techniques, DNA molecular Modern biotechnology tools: tissue culture techniques, DNA molecular markers, molecular genetics and genetic engineering technology, ..markers, molecular genetics and genetic engineering technology, ..
Genetic engineering is applied for research only and this is due to lack of Genetic engineering is applied for research only and this is due to lack of human capacity, financial support and biosafety framework. human capacity, financial support and biosafety framework.
In Tunisia, there are no GMOs grown in open field at commercial levelIn Tunisia, there are no GMOs grown in open field at commercial level
Tunisia is party to the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Cartagena Tunisia is party to the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Cartagena Protocol on BiosafetyProtocol on Biosafety
Current state of art in our Current state of art in our l b CBSl b CBSlaboratory at CBSlaboratory at CBS
Water transporters:(aquaporins)
Ion homeostasis:(Na+/H+ antiporter, V-H+-
pyrophosphatase
Improving drought Improving drought d li itd li it
(aquaporins)pyrophosphatase, SOS1, HKTs,)
and salinity and salinity tolerance in cerealstolerance in cereals
Si li f t ProtectionSignaling factors:(protein kinases: MKP,
CDPK,GSK3,MAPKKK,SNRK2 C l i
Protection macromolecules:
(Dehydrin, LEA, HSP, chaperone)
Transcription factors:(AP2/ERF family: DREB, AP2), bZIP, Asr proteins,NRK2, Calcium sensor, chaperone)AP2), bZIP, Asr proteins,
MYB/MYC, Zinc finger proteins,)
Status of GMO crops developed in Tunisia Status of GMO crops developed in Tunisia Status of GMO crops developed in Tunisia Status of GMO crops developed in Tunisia for research purposefor research purpose
Institutions: Institutions:
CBSCBSCBSCBS
CBBCCBBC
FSTFSTFSTFST
Potato: PVYPotato: PVY-- CP, scFv CP, scFv
Tomato: TYLCV, NHXTomato: TYLCV, NHX--PPase, PPase,
Durum wheat: NHXDurum wheat: NHX--PPase, DHN5, AlSAP,..PPase, DHN5, AlSAP,..
Grapevine: GFLV, Rd22, Grapevine: GFLV, Rd22,
Project of law regulating GMOsProject of law regulating GMOs
Confined Confined Volunteer Volunteer Confined Confined utilisationutilisation disseminationdissemination
I t ti I t ti CommercialisationCommercialisation
Importation Importation & Transit& Transit
Durum wheat and barley transformation procedure using the Bio‐Rad PDS‐He1000 or Agrobacterium tumefaciensthe Bio Rad PDS He1000 or Agrobacterium tumefaciens
+ A. tumefaciens
Khoudi. et al., (2007). Patent N° SN07060.
Molecular and physiological analysis of itransgenic durum wheat plants
RB LBpUbi-1 pNos T-NosT-35STVP1 BAR
pGreenIIpG ee
M 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12Wt T1 T2 T3
PCR screening Leaf painting with Basta
Transgenic wheat plants
Salinity tolerance phenotype of different transgenic durum h t li d t iti t f d l twheat lines compared to sensitive non transformed plants
WT TVP1.1 WT TVP1.1 TVP1.2
200 mM NaCl
WT TVP1.1 TVP1.2
Gouiaa et al. in preparation
Risk assessment of GM plants
1. Contained use: laboratory, greenhouse, closed facilitiesIt covers:General information on the projectGeneral information on the projectRisk assessment for environmental protectionRisk assessment for human health and safety
2. Deliberate environmental release
Application with the following information's:
The GMO (e.g. recipient organism, details of modification and novel trait)( g p g )
Proposed release and the receiving environment
Interactions between GMO and the environmentInteractions between GMO and the environment
Monitoring regime and procedures for controlling the release
A statement evaluating the impacts and risks posed by the GMO toA statement evaluating the impacts and risks posed by the GMO to human health and the environment from the uses envisaged
GMO or not GMO?GMO or not GMO?GMO or not GMO?GMO or not GMO?
… Towards harmonization on:… Towards harmonization on:… Towards harmonization on:… Towards harmonization on:
•• Easy to useEasy to use
•• FastFast-- results in few minutesresults in few minutes
•• Easy to interpreteEasy to interpreteEasy to interprete Easy to interprete
•• Cheap, economicCheap, economic
•• Accreditation by GIPSAAccreditation by GIPSA--USDAUSDA
Example of detection thresholdExample of detection threshold
Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!