biotempo new species chiasmocleis 09

7/27/2019 BIOTEMPO New Species Chiasmocleis 09

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Biotempo 2009, Volumen 9, 71-76

A NEW SPECIES OF Chiasmocleis (ANURA: MICROHYLIDAE) FROM SOUTHERNAMAZONIAN PERU WITH COM MENTS ON SOME OTHER MICHROHYLIDS.

VictorR. Morales 'Roy F% McDiarmidRESUMEN

Se describe una especie nueva de Chiasmocleis de Pakitza, Parque Nacional del Manu, Pe n, est en simpatra conChiasmocleis ventrimaculata y vocaliza en la hojarasca. Esta nueva especie est muy relacionada a C. bassleri ypodran formar un grupo supraespecfico. Se comentan algunos caracteres de C. ventrimaculatay C. bassleri.Palabras claves:Nueva especie de Chiasmocleis,Anura, Amazonia, M anu, Peru.

SUMMARYA new species of Chiasmocleis from Pakitza, National Park of Manu, Peru described herein, is symtopic with C.ventrimaculata and its leaf litter calling. T he new s pecies is related to C. bassleri and could be form a supra-speciesgroup. Som e characters of C. ventrimaculataan d C. bassleri are commented upon.Key w ords: New Species Chiasmocleis rom Peru, Amphibians, Anura, Manu, Amazonian, Pem .

INTRODUCTIONSix of the 18 genera of michrohylid frogs present inSouth America occur in the Peruvian Amazon (Rodri-guez et al., 1993; Morales, 1995, Wild, 1995). Of thesesix, only Ctenophiyne lacks a clavicle and procoracoid,and the other five Altigus (with clavicle long, Wild,1995), Chiasmocleis, Elachystocleis, H amptophrynean d Syncope present a much-reduced clavicle(Zweifeld, 1986). The genus Chiasmocleis ha s 19recognized species that occur from Panama and north-western Colombia through the Amazonian and Guyan awest forest of northern South America, the Atlantic

new (e.g. Colostethus conspicuus, Morales, 2002,Dendrobates biolat, Morales, 1992;Eleutherodactylusbuccinator Rodriguez&Duellmar, 1994, E. olivacew,Kohler, et al. 1998, E. shydmainos Flores and Rodri-guez, 1997). Amon g the many frog species collected inthe forest near Pakitza, a guard station for the NationalPark of M anu (1 156'S, 7 1 18'W), 350 m elevation, onthe Rio Manu, Madre de Dios, Peru, was an undes-cribed species of michrohylid frog of the genusChiasmocleis. Here we describe that species andcomment on other population o f Peruvian frog of thegenus Chiasmocleis.


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between center o f the narine to angle anterior of the eye(N-E), distance between a ngle anterior o f the eyes (E-E). Osteological terminology follows Trueb (1 973), deS and Trueb (1991) and Trueb (1992). This study wasbased in different expositions (20 - 3 1 secs) of the X-ray of USNM 342862. The cal1 analysis has made withCanary 1.2.1 (Cha rifetal., 1995).Chiasmocleissupercilialbusnew species

Figure 1.-Male of Chiasmo cleis supercilialbus new species,paratype USNM 342862, National Park of Manu, StationPakitza, Madre de Dios, Peru. No scale. Photo: Victor R.Morales.

HOLOTYPE. - MHNSM 16174; a mature m ale fromPakitza, Reserve Zone, M anu National Park, ca. 57 km(airline) NW o f the mouth of the Rio Manu, on the RioManu, 350m, 11"56'47"S, 7 1 17'00"W, Madre d e Dios,Peru. Collected by. Vctor R. Morales and Mara E.Guevara (field series VRM 18377), 11 February.1990.PARATYPE. - MHNSM 16175 (field series VRM18380) and USNM 342862 (field series VRM 18379)same date of holotype.

in g characters: finger robust and short; flanks with on eor two dark spots, but if the spots are not present, theflanks show a fm e clear line between the joint of theventral and dorsal pattem coloration; ventral pattemwith dark spots on a light background. The morphologi-ca l difference features among Chiasmocleis species issummarize in the Table l . Chiasmocleis supercilialbusdiffer from the other species of microhylid that arepresent in the South Amazonian of Peru by the follow-ing features: clavicle and procoracoid present, toes free(Ctenophryne geayi without clavicle and procoracoidand toes with extended web); the first finger very shortan d uniform dorsum coloration pattem (Hamptophryneboliviana with first finger longer than second anddorsal coloration pattem with dark rhombus-shaped.DESCRIPTION OF THE HOLOTYPE(Fig. 1)

Adult male, 18.7 mm snout-vent length; snout pointedin dorsal view and rounded in lateral view; snout tipprojects beyond the mouth; canthus rostralis straight,loreal region vert ical ; tympanum concealed;supratympanic fold extends from below the posteriorangle of the ey e to the shoulder; eyes small andanterolateral; fingers and toes with few dermal spine;limbs robust and short; first finger shorter than second,second finger slightly longer than fourth; third fingerwith extensive fringe and the other fingers with a slightfringe; articular tubercles visible on second, third andfourth fingers, articular tubercles on first finger arecorn-like; palmar tubercles moderately round; tips offingers and toes round; toes with fringe; first toe doesno t extend to the first articular tubercle of the secondtoe; granulation on the sole of the foot minute andscattered; inner metatarsal tubercle oval and inconspic-uous; inner tarsal tubercle and webbing absent. Dorsumwith few smaller dermal spines also on the dorsum ofthe thigh and tibia; ventersmooth (Figure 2 a,b).


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Coloration in alcohol. - Dorsum brown w ith a narrowwhite vertebral line that extends from the cloaca to theposterior angle of the eye; small white gra nd es ; narrowwhite band ex tends from the anterodorsal border of thearm, with a short interruption at the shoulder, to thesupratympan ic fold and to the border o f the eyelid andabove the nares to terminate at tip o f the nose where itforms a point with the other band; upper lip with whitespots on a brown background; the area of the tympa-num is darker than the dorsum; the anterior dorsum o fthe arm and dorsum of the forearm pattemed with largedark mottling; dorsum of the arm with c lear spots on abrown background; posterior region of the arm withsmall dark brown mottling; flanks with o ne or two darkbrown irregular blotches bordered by small clear brownspots; dorsal region of the groin with dark brownmottling; dorsal and posterior region of the thighbrown; anterior region of the thigh with dark brownmottling on a white background; dorsum of the tibiaand tarsus brown; metatarsus with dark brown mottlingon a white background; three brown spots on a whitebackground occur on the anteroventral border of thetibia and on the posteroventral region of the thigh;throat dark with clear spots; chest, venter and the venterof the thigh with dark brown irregular mottling on awhite background.In life, dorsum dark brown with light orange-copperflecks; flanks brown and venter dark brown with whitebackground ; pupil black; iris copper.

MEASUREMENTS (in mm) AND RATE O FHOLOTYPESV L= 18.7; HW = 7.95; HL = 6.52 ; LT = 9.40; N-N =1.70; N- E= 1.95; E-E = 3.36; LT/SV L= 0.50; HLISVL= 0.35; NEHL = 0.30; E-EIHW = 0.42; N-NIHW =0.2 1;N-NIE-E=0.50.

OSTEOLOGY

dorsal ventral

Bp ror

Figure 3.- A ) Some craneal bons of Chiasmocleissupercilialbus new species, paratype USNM 342862, X-ray.Abbreviations: alary p (pmax)= alary process of premaxilla,spmax = septomaxilla, pmax = premaxilla, ant vm = anteriorvomer, nas =nasal , sph= sphenethmoid, max =maxillary,pte= pterygoid, sq = squamosal,qj = quadratojugal, Line = 2mm. B) Ventral view of pectoral girdle 'of Chiasmocleissupercilialbus new species, holotype MUSM 16174.Abbreviations: cor = coracoid, p cor = precoracoid, cla =clavicle, pr acr = pars acromialis, scap = scapula, clei =cleithrum, sp scap = suprascapula. Line = 1 mm. Stippledpattem cartilaginous area.

ADVERTISIMENT CAL LThe sp ecies calls at night on the leaflitter near the bannk


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Figure 4.- Sonogram of the advertisement call ofChiasmocleis supercilialbus new species, paratypeMUSM 16175 from Pakitza Station, National Park ofManu; air temperature 25C; wide band 345 Hz.

ETYMOLOGYThe nome supercilialbus of this species (sepercilius =eyebrow and albu s =white) is referent to the consp icu-ous white band over eyes like a eyebrow.

Figure 5.- Sonogram of one synchronize chorus ofChiasmocleis ventrimaculata MUSM 16176 (field seriesVRM 18372) from Pakitza, National Park of Manu,Per. Air Temperature 24"C, wide bands 345 Hz. Thearrows show the beginning-pulse that made the speci-mens synchronize with their neighbors.coracoid. The population of C. bassleri reported fromSanta Cecilia and Iquitos could be a different speciesthan C. bassleri.Chiasmocleis ventrimaculata. - Nelson (1973)


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populations from Vaupes (Colombia) and Panguana(Peru). In the sonogram of C. panamensis Nelson(1 972, 1973) showed o ne initial pulse of the call, but hedid not mention the characteristic of the pulse. Appar-ently, the beginning-pulses of C. ventrimaculata, fromPakitza, synchronized the chorus. On the other hand,the population of C. ventrimaculata from Vaupes(Colombia) could be a different species than thePanguana and Manu (Peru) populations, because thespecies from Colombia has a lowe r frequency than thePeruvian species.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTSl% Jesus Cordova of the Museo de Historia Natural,UNMSM, Peru borrowed the specimens, and weacknowledge al1 scientifc people that work at Pakitza.Steve Goethe made the X-ray. Ron Altig co mm ents themanuscript. REFERENCESCHARIF, R.A., S. Mitchell and C.W. Clark. 1995.Canary 1.2.1 User's Manual. Lab. Ornithology,Cornell U niv. Ithaca, N.Y.DE SA, R.O. and L. Trueb. 1991. Osteology, skeletaldevelopment, and chondrocranial structure of

Hamptophqne boliviana (Anura: Microhylidae).J.Morph., 209: 3 11-330.DUNN, E.R. 1949. Notes on South American frogs ofthe family Michrohylidae. Am. Mus. Novitates,1419: 1-21.FROST, D.R. (ed.) 1985. Amphibian species of theworld. A taxonomic and geographical reference.Lawrence, Kansas: Allen Pres s and the Associationof Systematics Collections. Lawren ce, Kansas.FROST, D. R. 2006. Amphibian S pecies of the World:an Online Reference. Version 4.1 (22 August,2006). E l ec t ron i c Da tabase . a cc es ib l e a thttn://research.amnh.orp/he~etolo,qv/am~hibia/index. html. American Museu m of Natural History,

MO RALE S, V.R. and R.W. McD iarmid. 1996. Anno -tated Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles ofPakitza, Manu National Reserved Zone, withcomm ents on the Herpetofauna of Madre de Dios,Peru. Pp 503-52 2 In: D.E. Wilson and A. Sandoval(eds). MANU: The Biodiversiy of SoutheasternPeru. Smithsonian Institution and EditorialHorizonte, Lima Peru.NELSON, G.E. 1972. Distribution and biology ofC h i a s m o c l e is p a n a m e n s i s ( A m p h i b i a :Microhy lidae). Copeia, 19722395-898.N E L S O N , G . E . 1 9 7 3 . M a t i n g c a l l o f t h eMichroh ylinae: Descriptions and phylogenetic andecological considerations. He rpetologica, 29: 163-176.RODRGUEZ, L.O., J.H. Crdova and J. Icochea.1993. Lista prelimirar d e los anfibios del P er. Pub.Mus. Hist. Nat. UNMSM(A) 45: 1-22.

RODRIGUEZ, L.O. and W.E. Duellman. 1994. Guideof the frogs ofth e Iquitos Region, Amazonian Per.Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kans as Sp ecial Publ., 22: i-iv, 1-80.S C H L U T E R , A . 1 9 8 0 . B i o - a k u s t i s c h eUntersuchungen an Michrohyliden in einembegrenzten Gebiet des tropischen regenwaldes vonPeru. Salama ndra, 16: 1 14- 13 1.SCHLUTER,A. and A.W. Salas. 199 1. Reproduction,tadpoles, and ecological aspects of three syntopicmichrohylid species from Peru (Amphibia:Michro hylidae). Stuttga rter Beitr: Naturk. Ser: A,458: 1-17.TRUEB, L. 1973. Bones, frogs, and evolution. Pp 65-1 32 . h : Vial, J. L. (e d.). Evolutionary biology ofthe anurans: Contemporary research on major

problems. Univ. Missouri Press. Colum bia.TRUEB, L. 1992. Patters of cranial diversity am ongthe Lissamphibia. Pp, 255-343. h : Hanken, J. andB.K. Hall (eds.). The Skull. Vol. 2. Patterns ofStructural and System atic Diversity. Univ. ChicagoPress. Chicago .


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biotempo new species chiasmocleis 09

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