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Bivalvia 101Bivalvia 101
An Introduction to An Introduction to Marine BivalvesMarine Bivalves
Paul ValentichPaul Valentich--ScottScott
Curator of MalacologyCurator of Malacology
Santa Barbara Museum of Natural HistorySanta Barbara Museum of Natural HistorySanta Barbara Museum of Natural HistorySanta Barbara Museum of Natural History
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Beautiful Bivalves Beautiful Bivalves of Southern Californiaof Southern California
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Class BivalviaClass BivalviaClass BivalviaClass Bivalvia= two valves (shells)= two valves (shells)
Clams, mussels, scallops, oysters and their kinClams, mussels, scallops, oysters and their kin, , p , y, , p , y
•• Two part shellTwo part shell
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BivalviaBivalviaBivalviaBivalviaClams, mussels, scallops, oysters and their kinClams, mussels, scallops, oysters and their kin
•• Two part shellTwo part shell•• No head No head
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BivalviaBivalviaBivalviaBivalviaClams, mussels, scallops, oysters and their kinClams, mussels, scallops, oysters and their kin
•• Two part shellTwo part shell•• No headNo head•• Most are filter feedersMost are filter feedersMost are filter feedersMost are filter feeders
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BivalviaBivalviaBivalviaBivalviaClams, mussels, scallops, oysters and their kinClams, mussels, scallops, oysters and their kin
•• Two part shellTwo part shell•• No head No head •• Most are filter feedersMost are filter feedersMost are filter feedersMost are filter feeders•• Broadcast spawnersBroadcast spawners
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BivalviaBivalviaBivalviaBivalviaClams, mussels, scallops, oysters and their kinClams, mussels, scallops, oysters and their kin
•• Bivalves are great to EAT!!!Bivalves are great to EAT!!!
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Bivalve OrienteeringBivalve OrienteeringBivalve OrienteeringBivalve Orienteering
Looking from the top – Dorsal viewg p
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Bi l O i t iBi l O i t iBivalve OrienteeringBivalve Orienteering
Posterior Anterior
How do we know which end is which??
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Bi l O i t iBi l O i t iBivalve OrienteeringBivalve Orienteering
Ligament
Posterior Anterior
Ligament is usually posteriorg y p
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Bi l O i t iBi l O i t iBivalve OrienteeringBivalve Orienteering
B kBeaks
Posterior Anterior
Beaks often point anteriorp
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Bi l O i t iBi l O i t iBivalve OrienteeringBivalve Orienteering
Left valve
Posterior Anterior
Right valve
Determining left from right
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Bi l O i t iBi l O i t iBivalve OrienteeringBivalve Orienteering
Left valveLeft hand
Anterior pointed away ffrom you
Right valveRight hand
Quick hintQuick hintAnterior pointed away from you
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Bivalve OrienteeringBivalve OrienteeringBivalve OrienteeringBivalve OrienteeringDorsal
PosteriorAnterior
Ventral
Looking from the side – Lateral view
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Bivalve OrienteeringBivalve OrienteeringBivalve OrienteeringBivalve OrienteeringDorsal
PosteriorAnterior
Ventral
Looking on the inside
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Bivalve CharactersBivalve CharactersUmbo
Beak
Beak vs. Umbo
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters –– SculptureSculpture
Radial Sculpture
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters –– SculptureSculpture
Commarginal Sculpture
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters –– SculptureSculpture
Cancellate Sculpture
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters –– SculptureSculpture
Divaricate Sculpture
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters –– SculptureSculpture
Commarginal Commarginal LamallaeLamallae
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters –– SculptureSculpture
SmoothCrenulate
Inner Ventral MarginCrenulate
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Bivalve CharactersBivalve CharactersBivalve CharactersBivalve Characters
Escutcheon L lEscutcheon Lunule
Lunule and Escutcheon
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters -- LigamentLigament
External Ligament
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters -- LigamentLigament
Internal Ligament
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Internal Ligament
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters -- DentitionDentition
Taxodont Teeth
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Taxodont Teeth
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters -- DentitionDentition
Heterodont Teeth
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters -- DentitionDentition
Without Teeth - Edentulous
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters -- DentitionDentition
Cardinal teeth
L t l t th
Cardinal teeth
Lateral teeth
Cardinal Teeth & Lateral Teeth
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters -- ScarsScars
Pallial sinusPallial linePallial line
Pallial Line & Pallial Sinus
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Bivalve Characters Bivalve Characters -- ScarsScars
Posterior Adductor
Anterior Adductor
Muscle Scar Muscle Scar
Adductor Muscle Scars
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Bivalve CharactersBivalve Characters ColorColorBivalve Characters Bivalve Characters -- ColorColor