Sultanate of Oman

42 years 1970-2012

ORDINARY PEOPLE. EXTRAORDINARY SOULS.

Congratulations and

warm wishes to

His Majesty Sultan Qaboos Bin Said

and the people of Sultanate of Oman

on the occasion of the

42nd National Day

HIS MAJESTY SULTAN QABOOS BIN SAID

My people, I will proceed as quickly as possible to transform your life into a

prosperous one with a bright future. Every one of you must play his part towards this goal. Our country in the past was famous and strong. If we work in unity and cooperation we will regenerate that glorious past and we will take a

respectable place in the world.

- His Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said, Sultan of Oman

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Real stories about real people. Ordinary people who did

extraordinary acts. Our third edition of People brings forth

stories about the magic and passion of people who hitherto

remained unseen, unknown and unheard except among their

small circle and thus would have vanished into oblivion.

While we resist from making claims, we still want to put

forward the fact these are people of a generation that may

slowly slip from our minds and hearts. Our humble attempt

is to depict a past hitherto untold and bring alive people who

deserve to be forever in our hearts.

Once again with People, we bring to you ordinary tales of

people who touched others, not only through their work,

but also through their personal humanity. As we speak, we

can’t but bring to your attention the man who inspired them

all and the man who actually made Oman possible – His

Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said! As we salute His Majesty

the Sultan on the occasion of the 42nd anniversary of our

National Day, let us also thank him for making all our

dreams come true!

Collectively, the stories in this issue of People, form a

fascinating mosaic describing the lives of ordinary people who

have touched all of us in extraordinary ways. From the true

grit story of a mere 12 year old making waves in the radio in

1970 to someone who braved the heat and stood for hours

under a sweltering sun just to do his duty, these stories are

not just compilation of incidents or anecdotes, but of people

– real people, who were anything but ordinary!

Enjoy reading!

People who were anything but ordinary

Mohamed Issa Al Zadjali

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C o n t e n t s

GLIMPSES OF THE 1970’S

Taghlib Al Barwani

SHEIKH BREIK BIN HAMOOD AL GHAFRI

Former governor and minister of state forDhofar

ZAWAN BINT SALIM ABDULLAH AL ALAWI

Teacher of Holy Quran

SHEIKH AHMED BIN MOHAMMED AL SALMI

Setting a fine example

KANAKSINH GOKULDAS KHIMJI

Work is worship

ABDULLAH GHULAM QADER AL BALUSHI

Traffic man of Muttrah

AHMED FAREED BIN BAQER AL LAWATI

Sending the right message across

MUNA AL MANDHERI

Youngest female news reader of the 70s

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74

88

80

20

28

32

36

44

48

52

56

62

66

70

LATE ABDUL RAHIM JAFFER AL BAHRANI

Like father, like grandfather…

KHALIFA BIN KHALFAN AL AMRI

Giving back to the society

MABROOK SANGOUR BIN SHANEEN AL BUSAIDY

Lessons from the sea

AHMED SULEIMAN AL HASSANI AND

SALIM ABDULLAH AL MASHARI

When swords dance

SHEIKH KHAMIS ALI AL HASHAR

Stand on your own feet

FAWZIYA BINT HAMOUD AL KINDY

Steered by destiny

DR DONALD TAEKE BOSCH

Oman’s medicine man

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People of yore brought aliveOur 1970’s opus bring forth a variety of heartwarming stories of people who made their

mark in the lives of many and helped bring about the wondrous world we see around

today.

With their sweat and blood, their dreams and vision, these men and women, along with

this country’s chief architect and great visionary, His Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said,

brought about the towering structure of modern Oman.

This book provides a glimpse into the past and brings several aspects of it alive.

Astounding in their own right, these stories also bring several historical contexts, the

untold past, clearly and fascinatingly alive so that we are able to interlace them with the

current to make it an oral history that is forever embedded in posterity.

The interest these people and many others have taken to bring the past and its

protagonists alive and well is again a testimony to the love, care and attention Omanis

have for their country, their people, past and present. There is a genuine need from

their side to chronicle the past and preserve it and thus, from our end, it is an enriching

exercise that brings in rich dividends as we are able to become the mouthpieces of a

unique generation that we hope to keep alive forever through this book!

Once again, thank you people!

Cover: By Hala Mahmoud

Jawad Al Moosawi

A veteran artist, Hala is a

member of the Omani Fine

Arts Society since 1995.

Blessed with an abundance

of talent, Hala has proved

her mettle in the arena of

abstract and semi-abstract

paintings.

h110m786@gmail.com

Scan this QR code in any smartphone to

read the 2010 issue of People or visit

http://issuu.com/beneek/docs/people2010

Scan this QR code in any smartphone to

read the 2011 issue of People or visit

http://issuu.com/beneek/docs/people2011

PresentationA

Chairman: Essa bin Mohammed Al Zedjali

Vice chairman: Mohamed Issa Al Zadjali

Chief Executive Officer: Ahmed Essa Al Zedjali

Printed at Oman Printers

© All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the

publisher. The publisher does not accept responsiblity for advertising contents.

Managing editor Priya Arunkumar

Work editor Adarsh Madhavan

Design & production Beneek Siraj

Advt. & marketing Priyanka Sampat

Translation Hamid Badawi

Published by: Muscat Press & Publishing House SAOC

Ph: 24565697 Fax: 24565496

Website: www.blackandwhiteoman.com

CREDITS

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Photos Courtesy: Taghlib Al Barwani

Glimpses of the

1970s

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Sheikh Breik Al Ghafri is a name that is forever embedded in the hearts of the living. This is a name that will be remembered with reverence amongst all of those who lived in the 70’s when His Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said took over the reigns of the Sultanate and began the nation building process.

ShrSb

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Sheikh Breik bin Hamood Al GhafriFormer governor and minister of state for Dhofar

Some people die and memories of them just slowly fade away

into oblivion. That is life.

But, here is one man whom many in Oman can never forgot:

Sheikh Breik bin Hamood Al Ghafri, the former governor

and minister of state for Dhofar.

Sheikh Breik Al Ghafri is a name that is forever embedded

in the hearts of the living. This is a name that will be

remembered with reverence amongst all of those who lived in

the 70’s when His Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said took over

the reigns of the Sultanate and began the nation building

process.

Sheikh Breik’s name is synonymous with service, dedication

and loyalty. His contribution to unifying the diverse forces in

the Dhofar region and in executing the vision of His Majesty

the Sultan with such unerring efficiency is eternally encrypted

in the annals of the Sultanate’s glorious history.

More importantly, his ability to succeed and his

determination to fulfill a task given by his leader are character

traits that should be emulated, say many. Others also

remember him as a man who stood unflinching in the biggest

of storms and faced challenges with a supreme will and a firm

resolve to win.

“He always set an example’,” recalls Dr Hammad Hamed

Al Ghafri, advisor to the ministry of civil service, who is not

only related to Sheikh Breik but also had the privilege to

work alongside him.

All of those who knew him heap great praise on him and

say that Sheikh Breik also played a very significant role in

His Majesty’s ascension to the throne. “He played a very

important role in the events that transpired on July 23, 1970

in Oman,” Dr Hammad stressed, adding that Sheikh Breik

was a man who seriously propagated the vision and values of

His Majesty, whom he revered and adored.

During the early years, when Oman faced insurgency in

Dhofar, it was Sheikh Breik, one of the key officials, who was

entrusted with the task of handling that. “He was always on

duty, fulfilling the wishes of His Majesty and executing his

orders,” Dr Hammad noted.

Sheikh Breik was a man of qualities and immense valour.

“His role in supporting His Majesty in his progressive and

victorious march forward is something that can be forever

extolled. Few had the capacity that he had. Whatever there

was to be done, he did it; the understanding that His Majesty

shared with Sheikh Breik is legendary. It was almost as

Sheikh Breik could read His Majesty’s thoughts and execute

them before he was even told to do them. Such was their

connection!”

“I think for close to nine years, Sheikh Breik, following His

Majesty’s will, worked tirelessly to give the Omani people

whatever they were deprived off during the pre-Renaissance

days.

“In short, with His Majesty leading from the front to create

a brave new world for Oman and Omanis, Sheikh Breik

became one of the chief protagonists in this drive to progress.

“Not for one moment did he falter. Everyday of his waking

life was spent on realising His Majesty’s dream of a modern

Oman,” Dr Hammad said, adding that what led to the

success of Sheikh Breik in his endeavours was his sincere

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Sheikh Breik’s ability to succeed and his determination to fulfill a task given by his leader are character traits that should be emulated, say many. Others also remember him as a man who stood unflinching in the biggest of storms and faced challenges with a supreme will and a firm resolve to win

Shtodefubychshsa

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approach and untiring perseverance. “He was a man who lived, breathed and loved Oman and its people!”

Sheikh Breik was born in Salalah in 1934. He studied in the famous Al Saiydiyah School in Salalah. His

father, Sheikh Hamoud bin Hamad Al Ghafri was the Wali of Dhofar. Therefore, Sheikh Breik was

exposed to the world of governance at a very young age. It also gave him an insight into the challenges

that particular part of Oman faced and slowly gave him an idea as to how to rise above these challenges.

“Getting close to His Majesty the Sultan was a turning point in his life. He understood the far reaching

vision of His Majesty and believed in his values.

Sharing the vision of His Majesty for the need of a wholesome change in Oman, he set about to slowly

work in the direction that His Majesty had wanted the country to move. Top on his agenda was the need to

bring about a change in Dhofar and to restore peace in the area.

Unlike many, Sheikh Breik was a man who took the bull by its horns and he confronted every problem in

this manner. He did not let anyone else fight for him, a fact that was witnessed in the manner he used to

travel on the mountains in Dhofar to look into the welfare of the people affected.

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25

Congratulations and warm wishes to

His Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said

and the people of Sultanate of Oman

on the occasion of the

42nd National Day

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“His Majesty was concerned about the welfare of each and

every citizen in Oman and Sheikh Breik was given this task

to make sure that everyone was well taken care of.

“He used to tour the mountainous areas and found out

ways to develop them and would be constantly on the move

checking out both mountains and valleys in this regard. It

was not easy to move about in the mountains, but he was

indifferent to the harshness of the mountain areas and slowly

by dint of hard work and tireless effort, he managed to bring

about change in the area.

He achieved in not only in developing the harsh environment

but also brought about security, stability and peace there.”

Following the instructions of His Majesty, he also made

sure that the immediate requirements for progress like

education; water and electricity and other necessary amenities

were all provided for. I remember that he was the one who

introduced the project of the ‘flying doctors’”. These facts

were also featured in a documentary – prepared upon the

order of His Majesty, the Sultan – on Sheikh Breik, which

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was shown on Oman TV in 1979 after his demise.

Other than being the governor and state minister of Dhofar,

Sheikh Breik also headed many committees of projects,

including those of prime importance like the project for fuel

tanks in Port Raysut.

Following the advice and instructions of His Majesty, he also

devoted particular attention to the development of the youth.

Every act was done as per His Majesty’s instructions and

he always brought to attention the greatness of their ruler.

To a magazine in Salalah he was quoted as saying that the

advent of the Sultan brought in light after darkness; satiety

after hunger and health and prosperity. Such was his love and

devotion to his leader and his equal commitment to his duty

in serving the nation.

“Words fail me when I try to explain about Sheikh Breik –

he was undisputedly a brave man who was known to rush

into where angels feared to tread. Above all, he was a devoted

soldier to His Majesty and would rush to do his bidding

come what may.

He is truly missed by all who come in contact with him and

he will remain forever in our hearts as a flame that will never

die!” Dr Hammad noted.

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I believe every woman should learn the Holy Quran; it will help her live a life of goodness and also help her bring up the kids and keep the family growth progressively. Learning the right qualities from your mother will take you places and home is the only place where all values are taught

IsQlaut

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Zawan bint Salim Abdullah Al AlawiTeacher of Holy Quran

As a mere 13-year old girl, (Moulima) Zawan bint

Salim Abdullah Al Alawi, was considered to be a natural

“phenomenon” having memorised the Holy Quran and

also teaching it at the Sidab School in Sidab, Muscat.

Memorising the Holy Quran and to also be able to teach it to

others at such a young age was a gift – a gift from the Lord

Almighty himself, but at that age, (Moulima) Zawan was the

epitome of simplicity and quite oblivious to the effect and

sway she had on people thanks to her unique ability.

Those living in Sidab would crowd around her; some curious;

some wanting to know more about the Holy Quran, but all

of them, always treating her with reverential respect. Piety is

usually lost among teenagers of her age and even if there are

many youngsters who dive into religion with great fervour,

this natural inclination to holiness and the sheer devotion to

the Almighty at her age was something unusual and people

recognised it in that right manner.

Nearly 60-odd years later, the piousness has not only

increased with the age, but the simplicity of this religious

teacher has also deepened. There is clearly something that

sets Moulima Zawan apart from many of her age and

beyond…a kind of spirituality; her knowledge and her

peaceful demeanour rested around her like an invisible halo.

Moulima Zawan was still a family household name to all of

those who resided near her home in ‘Dhofar’ in Sidab. And

loyal neighbours like Amur Thani Al Nasser who led us to

meet the grand old woman of religion was still in awe with

her. She was to all of them still a revered teacher, although

she quit teaching the Holy Quran a decade or so back.

We all gathered inside her spartan and simple home as she

spoke about the holy path she took at a very young age and

how despite stopping the actual teaching, she was still fully

immersed in faith and devoutness.

Surrounded by her grandchildren, the lady who spread

the light of piety in Sidab, spoke about her life and how

the 1970s ushered in great progress to the nation with the

emergence of a great visionary leader, His Majesty Sultan

Qaboos bin Said.

“My mother was a teacher of the Holy Quran for many years

and the atmosphere at home was very conducive to learning

the Holy Quran. I was born in Sidab and at that time there

was just one school. I went to the primary school initially.

But my mother was my first teacher in every sense of the

word.

I started learning the Holy Quran from my mother and by

the time I was 12, I was quite familiar with the intricacies

of the verses and its essence. I started teaching at the Sidab

School at 13. Since then my life has been only about teaching

the young kids, until 2002.

Every day from 7am to 11am was dedicated to the young.

Those days there were not many schools and teachers. In fact

I was the only teacher in the Sidab area. We lived in a place

called the Dhofar area in Sidab, because of a settlement of

families from the Dhofar region. Starting from the age of

13, I gave lessons of the Holy Quran at various places other

than the school in Sidab, taught at the Omani Women’s

association and taught children under the trees too.

All women should learn the Holy Quran

“I believe every woman should learn the Holy Quran; it will

help her live a life of goodness and also help her bring up

the kids and keep the family growth progressively. Learning

the right qualities from your mother will take you places and

home is the only place where all values are taught.

Significance of the Holy Quran

“It was considered very important to learn the Holy Quran

in those days. The Holy Quran has a lesson and the right

morals to guide you in every path you choose to take. It is an

encyclopaedia of wisdom and learning the verses has been

the purpose and identity of my life. It has given me immense

faith in life, on Almighty Allah and the religious path of

Islam. I am fortunate to have chosen this path and be able to

teach the young generation the path of the Holy Quran. I

being the only teacher in the region, I have taught the Holy

Quran to thousands of students, all living exemplary lives

in senior and responsible positions today. This is one school

where all the students, the rich and the poor, whatever family

they belong to sit together with equality and respect and

study. It was a great leveler! There is no discrimination of any

sorts and the lessons of the Holy Quran go a long way.

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A lesson to be carried throughout

“This is one school of life that will help you learn life in

its true essence. It teaches you to be a good human being.

When you have respect for another human being and feel

accountable for your deeds, the society will be a better place

to live in. We, as elders, need to make the youth understand

the values of the Holy Quran. It is sad to see the youth chase

after foreign degrees and extracurricular activities, while

they find no time to recite a verse from the Holy Quran. His

parents too do not find it important today, which is probably

one of the reasons for the discontent and unhappiness that

you see all around. Tell me one educational certificate you

can carry along when you die... you invest your best years

to study, excel and get in to a career using educational

qualifications. Graduation to professional degrees will not

come with you. All educational qualifications fail, when

you are not a good human being. You will fail to use your

qualifications the right way, if you are not of good character.

But the lessons of the Holy Quran will elevate your thought

processes, make you life better, enhance your character and

still be a part of you after your life. The Holy Quran will

benefit you when you are alive and when you are dead too.

Teaching the Holy Quran in the ‘70’s

“As a teacher I learnt many lessons of life that helped me

live a simple life. Teaching has made me confident and

also become a leader. The 1970s saw a new Oman being

planned and created. If you look at the opportunities ladies

have today, I can proudly say Oman is one country where

womenfolk are given all opportunities in life, from education

to arts and science, and in corporate and national governance

too. I am proud to be an Omani and salute His Majesty

Sultan Qaboos bin Said who made Oman a better place to

live in. The progress and development is unique and is not

instant. It is the hard work and dedication of many under

the wise leadership of His Majesty the Sultan. We all should

strive hard to maintain the pace of the progress to create

a new and positive world. Oman today has thousands of

schools, and the youth should make the maximum of the

facilities available and serve the nation to progress. Progress

is one thing that has to be on going.

Place your faith in the Holy Quran

“I wish the younger generation will attend the Holy

Quran classes along with the regular academics. The older

generation was equipped to face the challenges of life because

they were strong in character and had morals to guide

them forward. Values and virtues of life is a must in every

individual and the belief in Almighty Allah and the Holy

Quran will take the youth on a guided path of goodness.

I used to stitch my own clothes by hand, later by a small

machine at home. Today after the wheels of progress, there

are no limitations to facilities and comforts. After 42 years,

Oman is one of the best places in the world to live in...”

Moulima Zawan’s neighbour, Amur Thani Al Nasseri spoke

of her in loving fashion. She was known to be a teacher par

excellence, he said, adding that it was a blessing to be able to

bask in the wisdom of a great teacher.

“Moulima Zawan was the only Holy Quran teacher in those

days. She is one of the wisest then and still is. I am fortunate

to have known her, learnt from her and my wife too remains

her student. The wisdom of the elders is a blessing that

should be cherished by all of us. Without the wise and the

learned, no country can move forward.

“Sitting with Moulima Zawan for even 10 minutes, you will

leave as a better person, because every word she speaks of is a

lesson of life. She is a simple lady and has more stories to tell

us as life experiences than any other university of the world.

We approach her as adviser and when we leave her, we go

enlightened and worry free!”

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Sheikh Ahmed was a man of the 70s and a pioneer in the world of real estate and construction in Oman and at 82, he is an active man. The passion and love for the nation, still burns very bright in him

Smpocam

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Sheikh Ahmed bin Mohammed Al SalmiSetting a fine example

Sheikh Ahmed bin Mohammed Al Salmi stood silently

taking in the scene. His son, Khalil bin Ahmed Al Salmi,

deputy Ceo of Oman Drydock Company SAOC, had taken

him to Duqm and both father and son slowly took in the

changed landscape. Both stood in reverential silence at the

amazing progress and the breathtaking transformation of the

topography of Duqm.

A small fishing town was now a fast-developing industrial

hub: a crude oil export terminal; strategic storage facility;

free trade zone; downstream industrial area; airport; port;

drydock; commercial and residential areas; various other

tourism development and the fact that it is now seen as a

maritime gateway…

Sheikh Ahmed Al Salmi was given a tour of Duqm by his

son, Khalil Al Salmi and the former well known businessman

and Majlis A’Dawla member?

stood transfixed by the undulating terrain that this new

industrial destination has become over the period of years.

Sheikh Ahmed Salmi turned to his son and broke the silence:

“To create something with a vision is progress and Duqm

reflects that!”

Khalil Al Salmi still remembers the expressive smile that his

father gave him when he uttered the above statement.

80 plus and still active

At 82, Sheikh Ahmed is an active man. The passion and love

for the nation, still burns very bright in him. “I remember

the reflection of pride and joy in his eyes when I took him

around to the different regions of Oman. His experienced

eyes lit up with pride as he viewed the extensive progress

our wise ruler, His Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said,” Khalil

Salmi said, speaking about his beloved father.

Landscape reflects progress

“’The changed landscape of Duqm reflects the progress that

will be ushered in the years to follow. The landscape of the

dry desert changes positively when its people toil hard and

together to bring not just life – but, a life of bliss!

“This is our land, our nation and only good will from toiling

for it; today’s hard work will bring in a greener tomorrow.”

For Khalil Salmi any positive word from his father is itself

a matter of pride. “Therefore when he heaped praise on the

way Duqm has transformed itself, somehow, I being part of

the change too, felt great pride.”

A man of the 70s

Sheikh Ahmed was a man of the 70s and a pioneer in the

world of real estate and construction in Oman. “My father

always took the road less travelled, grabbed every opportunity

that came his way and managed to trailblaze a path in the

real estate and construction arena in the early 70s,” Khalil

Salmi fondly recalled.

Challenges then; challenges today

Khalil was just six when he came along with his father from

Kuwait in the 70s. “His Majesty the Sultan had just taken

over the reigns of this country, and that was the start of

progress and development here. It was an uphill task then,

but with true grit and perseverance, the people of the 70s

overcame the odds. The trials and tribulations and the sheer

challenges they all faced were many, but people like Sheikh

Ahmed took all of this in their stride. And they were not the

type to think that they were the only ones to face challenges.

“I recall the words of my father who had something to say

about this: ‘Every generation faces its own share of challenges

– we had ours – now, you have yours!

‘Life goes on to give its beings a share of experiences and I

would say that no challenge can be compared to another.’”

Khalil bin Ahmed Al Salmi, son of Sheikh Ahmed bin

Mohammed Al Salmi

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religion and knowledge with the field of business. So every

life experience became a lesson that was passed on to us

by him -- lessons that were unique and untold by anyone

else; tales that gave us an insight into life at the same time

teaching us a moral behind it.

These experiences narrated by him took us in the right

direction, be it business or family life. He is a wide read man

and full of wisdom.”

Life hero

Khalil always followed in his father’s footsteps; learning from

his experiences. “He was my hero. We are eight siblings

and our father put us on the right path, urging us very hard

to focus on good education. He made us understand the

significance of education in a nation’s growth and made sure

that we went to the right school.

I consider myself very fortunate that I have a leader at home

whom I can blindly follow, if the need arises. In fact I idolise

him, he is my role model, my hero. Every day with him is

like a story unfolding for me to learn.”

The Majlis effect

Sheikh Ahmed settled in Seeb since the late 70s and since

the family was from the Bidiyah region, he travels to the

village and back whenever possible, Khalil noted.

He also explained how his father had great love for people

and always managed to engage them in relevant dialogues

and interesting discussions over a variety of topics.

“Meeting people, sitting at a traditional Majlis, discussing

topics, issues and events were a day-to-day affair in my

father’s life.

“He was an open-minded man and very tolerant; probably

his depth of knowledge through learning and books gave

him enough insight to worldly views. He still loves to meet

people, sit with them and talk about current issues. Just being

a silent spectator in the Majlis with him has opened my mind

and gave me glimpses of what people can do as a team, be it

problem solving or just a simple decision making. The Majlis

is one of the finest examples of human interaction and brain

storming.”

Still active

Today, although leading a retired life, Sheikh Ahmed is still

active. “Yes, he has retired from his business life as well as

from the Majlis A’Dawla (state council). But his mind is very

active still...” says this devoted son.

Challenges open minds, doors

Khalil points out how in the 70s, people in Oman faced all

the hardships that a country that had just opened its door

to development faced. “It was a difficult life – there was no

electricity, water and many basic facilities. Today, we are

blessed with everything – but, life is still full of challenges;

times have changed bringing in a new set of challenges!

“But my father made us understand that in whatever phase

we were, challenges would remain. So, we have to face the

challenges wisely and that is how we open the doors to

growth and development, my father used to say.”

A family of scholars

Detailing about his family, Khalil explained how they mainly

comprised of scholars and also those steeped in the study and

propagation of religion.

“We have a lineage that believed strongly in knowledge and

education – this was given the topmost importance! We also

believed in culture and tradition and adopted those values as

the very core of our being.

The right direction

“My father is a man who balanced both – the world of

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Kanaksi has conquered the socio-cultural segment, where his philanthropy and his keenness in empowering the Omani youth by giving them the right tools through education and training has given this grand old man of the Indian diaspora and the company he founded a solid foundation in the Sultanate

Ktspktg

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Kanaksinh Gokuldas Khimji

Work is worship

Kannu…Kanaksi… Kanakji…Kanak Khimji…Kanak G

Khimji…Kanaksinh Gokuldas Khimji…

Call him what you will. But mention that name in any

circles – business or otherwise -- in Oman and it will receive

automatic reverence. To reach a stage where your name

becomes a household one is not a mean achievement. It has

to be earned, every step of your life. That is what Oman’s

only Indian Sheikh of the Indian community has achieved

over these years – a name that is part and parcel of Oman’s

business world. A name that is already embedded in the

Sultanate’s history for the roles it has played in the nation

building process too.

But, other than those who have come face to face with this

towering personality among businessmen in Oman, not many

would have experienced the most unassuming personality

and sheer humility of this prominent Indian businessman,

who heads the largest and oldest business conglomerates in

Oman – Khimji Ramdas group.

Kanaksi, as he is fondly known, has this unique capacity to

not only make you feel at home but also make you feel that

you both have known each other since ages. His charm lies

in the easy and affable manner in which he greets you like

an old friend and takes it off from there. Perhaps, that is the

allure that has propelled him to the top and holds him close

to those whose lives he has touched. Prominent as he is in

the business arena, Kanaksi has also conquered the socio-

cultural segment, where his philanthropy and his keenness in

empowering the Omani youth by giving them the right tools

through education and training has given this grand old man

of the Indian diaspora and the company he founded a solid

foundation in the Sultanate.

But, although business is the forte of Kanaksi and his

family, their name will be prominently linked in the

annals of Oman’s history because of their age-old presence

in Oman; in the sense, they have actually grown along

with Oman. They were part of the pain; they were part of the

process of the country’s transition from a diffident country

to a forward looking nation; they have been there during

the march to progress and they are part of the success story

of what Oman is today… and that makes him an eligible

candidate of people who have been also part of the 70’s; part

of the Sultanate’s stride to progress.

Remembrance of things past

Kanaksi remembers the past, the early days where challenges

were aplenty and the hard times when everyone had to put

their best foot forward and bring about changes to make a

better life and therefore a better future for themselves and

their families.

Business in the family

“My great grand fathers were already established business

merchants and I was initiated in to business at a very

young age. I studied the basics in a Gujarati school here

in Oman and was sent to Mumbai for further studies. During

our holidays we used to come to Oman by ship to meet my

father, and it used to be a five (5) day travel then.

Oman was home to us because my family eked out a living

here. Though I was sent to India for studies, I was keener

on the other aspects like National Cadet Corps (NCC),

National Social Service (NSS) and scouts and at some point

even thought of joining the Indian army… But, finally

in 1956, I returned to Oman to join my family business

in Oman. I was in my early 20s,” says this septuagenarian

as he slowly takes us through an old memory lane, touching

upon various aspects, business as well as personal.

Career path

He began his career as a warehouse keeper in the family

business in 1956. “My father (Gokuldas Khimji) used to send

me to Sur by boat; there were no roads then.

We were in to the business of rice, spices and dried dates

then. These goods were distributed to different outlets with

the help of camels.

“The dates came in from the Bidiyah region on camels.

There was no help then, no transport, no labourers, not

even loaders. We had to do everything, from collecting the

provisions to maintaining the stock, arranging them, selling

them, maintaining accounts etc. Those days were hard, but

it taught us all to be self- reliant and hard work was like a

second nature to us. The experience was no lesser than any

business school! I worked between 1957 to 1958 in Sur, 1959

to 1960 in Salahah and then again in Muscat for a short spell

and was back in Salalah until 1963, after which I once again

was in Bombay, now Mumbai.

Kanaksinh Khimji in the late 50s

38

Oman before the 70s was of a different era. For someone who has seen Oman at that time and then to see it now can bring in a sense of awe. I am totally amazed at the 42 years of growth and development; what we see around today is unbelievable and I have no words to express other than gratitude and salutations to the wise leadership of His Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said who steered Oman from an era of limitations to an era of abundance

40

Glimpses of Oman in the late 60s

41

While in Salalah, I remember the currency/monies used

there was of pure silver (coins) and we also had white rupee

notes, which later became red currencies. One dollar was

equivalent to rupees thirteen and thirty three paisas, whereas

one silver coin was equivalent to three or three and a half

(3-3 ½ ) rupees, currently equivalent to OMR3 or OMR4.

Tough days, challenging times

There was a dearth of facilities ranging from electricity to

water to medical supplies; basic necessities. Water was used

from wells and we slept on the terraces, of course without

air conditioners. We had our breakfast on newspapers and

had to wash/bathe at a common well. We had to take turns

in doing so and everyone had to adhere to a specific time

schedule. I remember we had just one cook, who made meals

for all the staff at Muscat”

1970s and now

Oman before the 70s was of a different era. For someone

who has seen Oman at that time and then to see it now

can bring in a sense of awe. “I am totally amazed at the

42 years of growth and development; what we see around

today is unbelievable and I have no words to express other

than gratitude and salutations to the wise leadership of His

Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said who steered Oman from an

era of limitations to an era of abundance.

“There were just one or two schools then and today there are

innumerable schools and hospitals around the length and

breadth of the nation. When a nation focuses on the youth,

and its human resources, the nation is investing right. I have

witnessed Oman grow over the years in leaps and bounds.

No other country in the world has seen progressive growth

as Oman has and it is all because of the vision of our great

leader!”

42

Kanaksi is known for his keen interest in sports…Cricket is very close to him and he will hardly ever miss a game no

matter where it is played

One silver coin was equivalent to three or three and a half (3-3 ½ ) rupees, currently equivalent to OMR3 or OMR4

My father my role model

Everyone has an inspiration and a role model in life and in

Kanaksi’s case, his father was his main role model. “Whatever

I have learned in business is from him. He set the path for all

of us. He had served Oman even during the country’s war.

All rations were supplied by my father during that period.

My father had deep commitment for Oman and he loved

it as his own country. Every business he nurtured was in

the best interest of the community. We learned from his

experiences and he was a tough man who faced all challenges

with wisdom and prudence. He taught us to work with the

team and treat everyone with equality. If you are committed

to your career, there is no retirement age. When you don’t

stop eating or sleeping or carrying out other activities, why

would you retire from your career?” Kanaksi asks, displaying

a basic philosophy of life.

Work is worship

“I have learned to respect work and as my elders in the family

have taught us, there is no word called ‘retirement’ in my

dictionary too. I believe in hard work and even though my

family members call me a workaholic, I can only say I love

my work and believe that it is my identity and purpose of life.

It keeps me active, feel alive in the best possible way and in

touch with people, which is of prime importance.”

Cricket and other hobbies

Of course, it is not all work and no play... Kanaksi is known

for his keen interest in sports…Cricket is very close to

him and he will hardly ever miss a game no matter where

it is played. “I have my own hobbies. I love cricket and

other games. I have taken part in athletics, played tennis,

badminton and golf,” says the chairman of Oman Cricket

Board.

No regrets

The early years of Oman were very simple, sans

complications. “You work; you earn and live your life. We

never had singular dreams; we worked in teams and shared

everything. I remember that I did not have a table of my

own in the office for nearly 10 years. I worked in almost all

capacities from a delivery boy to cashier to a purchase man.

We worked 10 to 15 hours a day without counting the hours

or watching the clock.

“Life is a great university and it teaches you all lessons.

I hope my sons and future generations take the business

forward with the same commitment and dedication. It was

a moment of pride when I was selected as the Sheikh of the

community (March 31, 1990).

I was the first Indian to be selected as a sheikh from Muscat.

I can confidently look back with pride and say that I have

lived a life with no regrets!”

(*The Khimji family set its roots in Oman when over a century

ago -- in 1870 -- Ramdas Thackersey set sail to Oman from the

coastal town of Mandvi in Kutch, Gujarat, India. Ramdas’ son,

Khi mji Ramdas is known to have sowed the seeds, which has

become the current global enterprise, which was named after him.

Khimji Ramdas is the great grandfather of Kanaksi)

44

In a country where the traffic was slowly gaining ground in tandem with the progress, traffic personnel played an unusually dominant role in controlling it. Abdullah Ghulam Qader Balushi played a very prominent role in this field, serving over 24 years as a traffic policeman

Itgtppu

45

Abdullah Ghulam Qader Al Balushi

Traffic man of Muttrah

This is the story of a true test of patience, perseverance and

persistence…

This is the story of a man who stood in Muttrah for nearly 13

to 14 years rooted to the same spot just before the Muttrah

Police Station…

This is the story of a man with badge number 52…and then

later, 58…

This is the story of Abdullah Ghulam Qader Al Balushi,

a 65-year old retired Royal Oman Police (ROP) traffic

personnel.

It takes all kinds of people to make a nation, and for

Oman, which took its first fledgling steps towards progress

and prosperity in the 70’s under the wise leadership of

His Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said, everyone who did

something; everyone who contributed something to the

nation building process mattered.

And in such a country where the traffic was slowly gaining

ground in tandem with the progress, traffic personnel played

an unusually dominant role in controlling it. Abdullah

Ghulam Qader Balushi played a very prominent role in this

field, serving over 24 years as a traffic policeman.

Speaking from his home in Mabela, the still sprightly

Abdullah Ghulam Balushi took us all into an old traffic lane

in Muttrah where he stood everyday for six hours straight,

without taking a break and with not even a swig of water. He

describes a scene quite unlike the chaotic traffic and deadly

roads of Oman, where innocents die on a daily basis.

Traffic in the early days of Oman was a far cry from this

rough and tumble scene on the roads today. Progress has

brought in its wake more death on the roads than ever and

if the sagely advice of this grand old man of traffic could be

taken, there would be less of mayhem on the roads today

brought upon by selfish, careless, and disrespectful motorists

who are driven by speed with scant disregard to the rights of

others on the road.

Abdullah Ghulam initially went to Bahrain in the mid 60s

looking for a job and worked there for a few months doing

odd jobs. “I returned to Oman in 1963 and joined the traffic

police department in 1964. Those days the traffic was quite

less; the cars were in limited numbers and people commuted

only during the day time. With just a simple and quick

briefing, I was posted as a traffic controller at the Muttrah

traffic post, which was next to the police station now.

“There were two of us at the Muttrah post, sharing the four

hourly schedules until the Maghrib prayers. Originally, I was

badge number 52 until I underwent training after the 70s and

became badge number 58!

Those days there were only two traffic control points -- one

in Muttrah and the other in Muscat. We took four hourly

duties to control and divert traffic. Those were tough times

as we had to stand for hours in the heat without even taking

a sip of water; but the traffic not as busy as it is today.

“We were of course provided with small hip pouches to carry

water. But in the heat the water would be as hot as tea and

therefore we would never even take a sip for fear of scalding

our lips.

The job was not hectic; the cars were right-hand driven, with

steering on the right hand side in the car. All we needed

was to use our common sense and divert the vehicles in a

disciplined manner. There was respect and responsibility on

the roads and people without any attitude obeyed the basic

traffic rules that existed those days. No one was big or small;

every one accepted the rules and signals our hands displayed

to maintain the road ethics, making life easier.”

Abdullah Ghulam received a salary of 110 Indian Rupees

then, which was quite a handful considering the expenses

at that time. After a year he received an increment of eight

rupees with a promotion.

Patience is a virtue

Life was on the slow lane then. Limitations were in

abundance, but acceptance was part of life too.

“My job as a traffic controller involved long hours of standing

and diverting/channeling the cars, which were not in big

numbers. The four hours would seem like eight hours in

the heat and left us hungry and tired in a short span of

time. I would say my strength was my patience and I had a

very tolerant attitude and a very understanding behaviour.

Though the job was challenging and monotonous, I knew it

was the path to the future.”

46

Glimpses of the streets of

Muttrah in the early 70s

47

Duty came first

Jobs were very important then and people were tuned to

get employed in whatever field that was available. “We

were not choosy when it came to a job -- we took what we

got. But one commonality with all of us in the 60s and 70s

was that we believed that duty came first. No matter the

circumstances, we all attended to our work with priority.

My education was limited, but I was armed with an attitude

to work hard. I had a clear work ethic and the right stamina

to fulfill the responsibilities of my role, be a team member

and do whatever I did with dedication and commitment.

I knew I could make a difference in my own small way,

because every job counts, every effort brings in growth. I did

my bit, by being part of a chain of responsibilities shared by

many in those days. I had no complaints then and have no

complaints now.

“Life has given me its share of opportunities and I am happy

that I have dispersed my duties with sincerity. Our seniors

were also hard working and encouraged us to perform well.

Whenever there was a chance of growth and development we

were all part of it. I served around 12 to 13 years in the traffic

control section and later became part of other duties, retiring

in 1999.”

He served 30 years in the police, 24 as a staff (police) and six

years as a civilian staff.

The 1970s – before and after

The 70s under the new vision of His Majesty Sultan Qaboos

bin Said ushered in a new era of progress bringing about a

positive transformation in all fields. Earlier there were fewer

cars, lesser roads but then the 70’s saw growth and the roads

were created; the number of cars increased in numbers. There

were double and treble the number of cars on roads and the

traffic signals started functioning, making it easier to control

traffic effectively, says Abdullah Ghulam.

“Just as you see progress in every field, I lived the difference.

From a handful of cars in road, to abundance of food and

basic necessities, lifestyle got better.

“It was not so easy then: We used to share just a fish amongst

the three of us in those days, today, everything is different!”

In the early days, food was always limited; water and

electricity were a rare luxury. There was only one car – a Land

Rover for the top man in the force – the rest, walked.

Muttrah addiction

“I am still addicted to Muttrah and I love to walk. I prefer

to depend on myself and am physically active. There were

a few who came in and left because of the heat or lack of

amenities, but many stayed back and put in their mite. There

was respect and equality then and no one looked down upon

others.

Unforgettable moment

“I remember an unusual episode in the 70s, which showed

the greatness of His Majesty Sultan Qaboos. Without

realising who was in the car that came towards the traffic

control point, I stopped it. I couldn’t believe my eyes when

I realised that it was the car of His Majesty, the Sultan that

I had stopped! But, he did not say a word and just drove off

after I gave him the signal. I was astounded by the humility

of our great leader. He did not even frown at me; he just

acknowledged my greeting and moved after I made the

signal…I can never forget this moment!

“Life was simple and residents respected rules and regulations

including our wise leader who is a live example for all of us.”

A little more road tolerance

Today, all types of cars ply Oman’s busy roads. “We can

see thousands of international brands of cars here on our

roads. But, what is missing is the patience, tolerance and

understanding... maybe with a little more tolerance on roads

we can reduce the number of accidents today. We lacked

good roads and fast cars then. Speed is the killing factor

today and I hope and wish that the youth will be accountable

to themselves, rather than to others. When a mistake

was done, we used to speak to the driver and explain why

they should have done it. The driver also understood and

patiently listened to our explanations and promised not to

repeat the traffic offenses. It is a different scene today. The

offender feels he can get away by paying a fine, while the

authority concerned feels justified that a fine paid will close

the chapter! We need to go beyond this to actually stop road

accidents!”

Abdullah Ghulam as a youngster working in Bahrain

48

When there is transformation happening in a country, the most important tool is communication and transparency. The right mode of communication will ensure smooth transition and confidence. “I am glad to look back and say with pride that in my own humble way, I made a difference in the communications and information department of the foreign affairs ministry

Wimcgafo

49

Ahmed Fareed bin Baqer Al LawatiSending the right message across

The sheer gravity of sending across the right message to the

people, to the world is not fully understood by many. In a

country, which was just emerging out of darkness and into

the light, the need to send the right communication across

was of paramount importance.

This explained the concern of a young ministry of foreign

affairs official who was trying to persuade the manager of

a publishing house that brought out a local newspaper to

immediately find out how a serious error had occurred in

its pages. This happened long ago, just after His Majesty

Sultan Qaboos bin Said took over as the leader of Oman

and therefore the need to have the right information out was

of greater importance. But, young men like Ahmed Fareed

bin Baqer Al Lawati fully understood the need for the right

communication.

Even today as he reminisces of the past, he is clear, precise

and perhaps even a bit concise, but the message comes across

in a lucid manner and there is no need to worry if some other

subliminal messages were being sent across or whether one

had to read between the lines.

Ahmed Fareed Al Lawati communicates in a simple, clear

manner. Like most of the Omanis then who had gone

abroad, Ahmed Fareed too returned when the call to return

came from Oman.

The 1970s

“We returned to Oman in 1972. Oman is our home country

and when the doors opened for all the Omanis to return,

we happily did with full knowledge of the limitations here;

we knew what to expect and what we had to do. Oman is

our nation and we were needed here and every single effort

counted those days,” Ahmed Fareed said, recalling the initial

days when the drive to build the nation began.

“In August 1972, I joined the information department of

the foreign affairs ministry as the minister’s office director. I

served the ministry of foreign affairs until 1984. The exposure

and experience in my earlier job in Bahrain in the early

50s, gave me the ability to attend to the office duties in a

professional manner,” he said.

In the early 50s, Ahmed Fareed’s late elder brother was

working with Grey Mackenzie, a well known British

company, in Bahrain. “He motivated me to equip myself

with office management, shorthand and touch typing skills.

When I completed the necessary courses, I got a job in the

same company as a steno typist. This job taught me the basics

of office management, consistency and administration in the

right way. Later, I joined a publishing house as a proof reader

and got initiated in to the world of journalism. In the 60s I

left Bahrain and joined the United Nation’s offices in Iraq.

These early job experiences helped me in setting up the path

at my job in the ministry of foreign affairs in Oman. The

international work experiences give you exposure to another

world, which you carry back home!”

Right communications

When there is transformation happening in a country, the

most important tool is communication and transparency. The

right mode of communication will ensure smooth transition

and confidence. “I am glad to look back and say with pride

that in my own humble way, I made a difference in the

communications and information department of the foreign

affairs ministry. The world was looking at our nation and

we had to provide right information. It was a responsible

portfolio, from a small photograph of His Majesty the

Sultan, to the local and international press coverage was

archived and recorded by my department. Our ministry

of foreign affairs has a U.N. department and we were

responsible for every information that went out and internally

50

too.” Ahmed Fareed recalls one such incident when one of

the local newspapers erroneously published a photo of His

Majesty saluting with his left hand. It was a mistake, but we

still had to get to the bottom of it. I was asked to find out

details as to how the error occurred. It was a bad weather

day and heavily pouring. When I reached the ministry of

information, everything was flooded and rooms were leaking,

water was flowing all around.

“We have no shelter here and you are asking me about

an error? The gentleman from the other side of the room

asked me jokingly. But, whatever the situation, it was no

laughing matter. I remember driving home the message to

him that the right communication was a must. The world

is watching… in the next 30 minutes, I found out how the

error occurred and I went back to the ministry. So we all

tried to get the things under control... the initial teething

troubles were common in all departments, but a handful

of good responsible citizens made the difference and

maintained sanity, doing their duties with utmost sincerity

and commitment!”

Tough times saw the emergence of tougher men and women

who worked along with His Majesty to tirelessly work for the

nation. “The 1970s saw many people joining hands to be part

of the renaissance movement initiated by our beloved leader

His Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said. I would say selflessness

was an important attribute of all then; a trait that is hardly

ever seen today. All of us worked for one common cause –

our nation, guided and unified by one leader!”

Career took us places

In the early years, the government and the authorities

concerned planned to create healthy departments in all

sectors. “Time, money and energy were invested on training

people the right way. There were no standards to measure

and every career took people places. His Majesty the Sultan

has said that human resources are the assets of every nation.

It was true in Oman, in every sector.

I had my own share of opportunities and services, from being

the office director at the ministry of foreign affairs to being

the advisor at the economic planning affairs office and the

undersecretary at the ministry of health, my career had many

moments I can be proud of. I was also part of the production

team of the Sultan Qaboos encyclopedia of Arabic names

while I was serving at the economic planning affairs office I

was awarded the Certificate of Merit from His Majesty for

my services,” Ahmed Fareed said. In 1997, he retired. He

was 60 then, putting in a total of 25 years of service.

Money was not important

A striking difference between then and now is the money

factor. Rather, the need for money. Today, people are more

interested in making as much they can and are not bothered

about what they should give. That was not the situation then.

Most people took home very little and there was no one

grumbling; there were no protests.

“We all had meager remunerations. It did not matter then.

All we wanted was to work hard and prove to ourselves and

the world by pushing Oman towards progress. We wanted

our country to have what every other country had and more.

We all know there would be situations in life where money

will not be the criteria to life and living. The 1970s was one

such decade that changed the face of the country. There were

no basic amenities, schools, educated personnel… but the

country got a new leader who had a great vision. Oman had

people who were ready to do the bidding of their leader and

they were ready to work extra to reach their goals!” explained

Ahmed Fareed.

Passing the baton

After 42 years, there is no need to put the progress achieved

in mere words. “All we need to do is to look around!” Ahmed

Fareed enthuses.

“The nation’s visionary invested on its people and today we

are at a place where we can be proud to be called an Omani.

“My three daughters Majida, Muna and Sumaiya could

be well educated and my nine grand children enjoy a

well settled life, full of opportunities, education and other

facilities. No other country in the world would have seen

such a remarkable growth and transformation in such a short

span of four decades. As seniors and elders, we should pass

on the life experiences to our youth and encourage them to

learn appreciation!” he exhorts.

52

I had an eight hour schedule at the radio -- my duty timings were from 3 to 11pm. But that was not an issue. I was not very fond of music as I was in a room and profession where music was played throughout. There were days when I slept off during the late hours. My father was a great help; he used to come and pick and drop me to the radio station. Then, slowly, as time passed by, I began to understand the role I was playing and that was when I really began to love it very much

Is-fwna

53

Muna Al Mandheri

Youngest female news reader of the 70s

It was an audition for a kid’s programme in the radio.

Read the news, the radio officials said.

So, she read the news. She did not know what it was all

about, but they told her to read, and so the 12 year old did

that. After she completed her task, the radio official told her

father that he will be notified if she has been selected for the

post.

The next day itself she was informed that they had selected

her.

So, the father took his 12 year old daughter to the radio

station to meet the director. Imagine the surprise of the

director when he was told that this was the girl that did

the news recording, which they had all liked. The director

was totally impressed by the young girl and appointed her

the very same day. Thus, at 12, Muna bint Mafoudh Al

Mantheri, became the youngest and first female news reader

on the radio.

It was quite an unusual turn of events. “But, it was more of a

comedy of errors,” Muna Al Mantheri laughs as she recounts

her first ever entry into the world of the radio. Muna Al

Mantheri has a hearty laugh; the kind of laughter, which

is often associated with people who have the ability to not

only find humour in a host of things, but also possessing the

ability to laugh at oneself. She was cheerful, confident and

clearly a very positive and strong woman.

“It was a friend of my father who told him that the new radio

station (this was in 1970) was looking for someone young to

do a children’s radio programme. So, that is how my father

took me to the radio. But, there was some confusion there at

that time as some news reader was absent and they wanted

to do a news take. Since I was there, the person in charge

told me to record some news, which I did. I had no clue

what it was all about, but I did it. Soon I was informed that

I had passed the audition and so my father took me there to

find out what was the next step. But, the director whom we

met almost fell off his chair when he realised that the small,

diminutive little 12 year old had done the news recording.

He did not even think twice, he just appointment me then

and there!”

Muna Al Mantheri did not have much of a clue of what

exactly was happening to her, but she went with the flow as

there did not seem to be any problem whatsoever. Even the

fact that she was the first ever and the youngest ever female

news reader then did not sink in. “I was taken with a salary

of OMR80, which was quite a good figure then!” Since then

Muna Al Mantheri has not looked back.

Welcome entry to radio station

When 12 year old Muna Al Mantheri started out at the

radio, there were only five to six other staff there. “All of

them were adults and all were men. But, I had no problems.

They treated me like a family member and taught me the

basics. They also did not forget to pamper me with chocolates

and Pepsi!

“I had an eight hour schedule -- my duty timings were from

3 to 11pm. But that was not an issue. I was not very fond of

music but there I was in a room and profession where music

was played throughout! There were days when I slept off

during the late hours. My father was a great help; he used

to come and pick and drop me to the radio station. Then,

slowly, as time passed by, I began to understand the role I

was playing and that was when I really began to love it very

much. Every day was a learning process too and the seniors

in the team were a great help as they taught me to read.

Although there weren’t any regular school for girls at that

time, after some months, I began to attend regular classes in

the morning hours.”

But, wasn’t she ‘mobbed’ or treated like a celebrity at school?

“Not at all! Mine was a behind-the -scenes job and no one at

school knew that it was I who read the news on the radio. It

was like a daily schedule for me.”

Her father, her inspiration

At that age, who was her inspiration? “My father! He was

always an inspiration for me. He was very confident that I

would make a difference in the field. He worked with the

PDO and he was my guidance as well as my best critic. His

reviews made me work a little extra and bring out the best

in me and the work I did. He made me understand that it

was a responsibility and that I should take it seriously. And I

did. He loved Oman very much and believed that a nation’s

progress hinged on its people and to help it progress was the

citizen’s responsibility!”

54

Woman of confidence

Muna Al Mantheri was also inspired by an Egyptian

television personality whom she met in 1974. “We were

sent to Egypt for a training programme in television. It was

here that I met Tamadur Tawfique, a strong woman in

the television world in Egypt. When I saw her easily and

confidently addressing a work group of 250 people hailing

from different countries I felt great joy! It is a great feeling

to know that and it is such women who trail blaze a path

for others. “She became my inspiration in the years that

followed.”

1970s

Were the people of the 70’s made of a different mettle?

“Well, there was a team spirit in the people then. We worked

with a passion and helped each other. Respect to each other

and towards the nation made us one. In His Majesty Sultan

Qaboos bin Said we saw the right example and we followed

suit.

We felt responsible for our actions and worked very hard. My

colleagues of the 70s are like my family and we are bonded

not just by profession, but by mutual understanding and

respect. Years have passed by and we are in different fields

now, but we will still be there for each other. If anyone of us

hit a rough patch, we will be there for that person!”

Early days were hard

Living conditions were quite bad then. “There was a dearth

of many modern facilities, but the people of that time

made up for it with strength of character and patience in

abundance. Probably the challenging conditions made us all

stronger and patient!

I personally believe success and progress is upon the people

themselves. We were guided by a strong leader with a wise

and selfless vision. And His Majesty was a role model that

we followed! So the country and its people had a direction,

which today is not seen in the youth. Forty two (42) years

after, the youth have many things on a platter, but where

did the appreciation go? We – the elders -- have to pass on

the lessons we learnt in our lives to our children; to other

youngsters. These lessons and experiences are bigger lessons

than any university curriculum and only we can pass it on.

Following the footsteps of our wise leader, each one of us has

to set the right example, so that the youth learn it right!”

Make a difference

Muna Al Mantheri believes that we don’t have to be

geniuses and prodigies to make a difference to the society

and community we live in. “Every one of us has sacrificed

something or the other. I am one of the fortunate ones who

got opportunities without even having to fight for one. But, I

did not realise it then as I was quite young. When I became

20, I knew I had a responsible career, where my voice could

make or break the listeners!

In a small way I have made a difference to the community

through my programmes. I have done family focussed

programmes, which encouraged girls to be educated. Not all

listeners agreed to my point of view then. My programme, ‘A

happy family’, focussed on girl children’s education. I knew I

was reaching out because a few years later a girl approached

me and introduced herself as Samira; she was a doctor.

“She was beaming with joy and pride and thanked me

profusely saying it was my programme on girls’ education

that convinced her father to send her to school and pursue a

higher education. I was also happy for her and felt I did my

bit. I strongly believe that even if you can change one life;

make a little difference to one living being in the society we

live in, we have done our humble bit,” Muna Al Mantheri

said.

Serving the society

Education can transform a woman’s life and make her an

individual strong enough to serve the society. Every career

has its advantages and disadvantages.

“A career in the media leaves you without any social life,

noted Muna Al Mantheri. “You miss out on the Eids, the

weddings, birthdays and even a calm relaxed day alone. “I

had zero social life, but radio and television changed my

attitude and helped me change the lives of the listeners in

a positive manner. In the last 42 years, I moved from the

ministry of information to the ministry of education for a

decade and then I moved back. I am now an advisor to the

Public Authority for Radio & Television.”

Acknowledged for her commitment

Muna Al Mantheri also won awards. “The notable among

them was the His Majesty award for long standing service,

which I got in 1985. When I received this award, I was quite

happy because I realised that this not just a big boost but a

perfect acknowledgment for my work; my commitment to

my nation!”

55

56

He established the business concern Abdul Aziz & Brothers with his brothers and uncles. He also opened the first-ever supermarket called Muscat Super market and got in to trading in the early 70s. The supermarket concept was quite new in Oman, though there were many small food stuff shops around. In 1974, he brought in one of the first insurance companies in town, the New India Assurance Company. He also brought in LIC insurance with business partners

HbAbaeMa

57

Late Abdul Rahim Jaffer Al Bahrani

Like father, like grandfather…

For most sons, their father is their biggest role model. For

Majid Abdul Rahim Jaffer Al Bahrani too, it was in no way

different. His father Abdul Rahim Jaffer Al Bahrani (former

owner of Abdul Aziz and Brothers LLC) was not just a role

model, but the man who paved a path of success for him.

Abdul Rahim Jaffer was an accomplished man and had

valuable lessons to teach his son. Thus Majid Abdul Rahim

Jaffer, chairman of Majid Group, who basked in the

knowledge, understanding and wisdom of his father, could

easily take the reigns of their family business for which he

was groomed right from an early age. Business is in the blood

of the Bahrani family and for the young Majid it was like a

duck taking to water.

A business family

“Business has been running in our family for generations,”

Majid explained to us from his plush office in Wattayah.

But, he notes how he couldn’t talk about his father without

talking about his grandfather. Both were businessmen and

both excelled in their fields. “My grandfather, Jaffer Abdul

Rahim Al Bahrani, was also a great businessman. He had

business dealings between India and Oman since 1927 and

also established the merchandise of rice, provisions and

clothes. My grandfather also travelled extensively between

the two countries.

He was part of the then Indo-Arab association and this

helped him to become very diplomatic in all his dealings,

business or otherwise.”

Like father, like son

As they say, like father, like son, and so Abdul Rahim Jaffer

followed in the footsteps of his great father and took up

the business path with aplomb. “Walking in his footsteps,

my father turned out to be one of the best businessmen of

his time. He had so many firsts to his credit: from business

agencies, dealerships; from the first supermarket to the

first Rolls Royce, Mercedes Benz etc...” Majid said his eyes

sparkling as he recalled his father’s firsts.

A well read man

Born in Pune, India in 1936, Abdul Rahim Jaffer had good

exposure to business at a very young age. Academically and

professionally accomplished, he was also a very wide read

man. “My father had one of the best libraries ever! He had

a great appetite for reading. He voraciously read books on

history, geography and business administration and as easily

as he digested, he also had an ability to understand the

depths and use it to his benefit,” Majid said.

Business in the 1970s

Abdul Rahim Jaffer was also bitten by the travel bug. “My

father travelled quite a lot and in the 1960s was in Bahrain

for real estate business and related construction works. From

there, he went to the UAE and came back to Oman in 1967

when His Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said’s era began.

Upon coming back, he established the business concern

Abdul Aziz & Brothers with his brothers and uncles.

He also opened the first-ever supermarket called Muscat

Super market and got in to trading in the early 70s... the

supermarket concept was quite new in Oman, though there

were many small food stuff shops around.

In 1974, he brought in one of the first insurance companies

in town, the New India Assurance Company. He also

brought in LIC insurance with business partners. He was

well established in the construction related industry and was

an agent for tarmac too.”

A patriotic man

As the father went about accumulating new business,

the young and impressionable son, stood in the sidelines,

awed by his father’s power of acquisition and his ability

to do business. Slowly, the son also began to learn the

trade. “Business diversification is a must for a successful

business and my father taught me that the right utilisation

and investment at the right time brought good results and

progress.

“Oman was his home and coming back to Oman and

establishing business always remained his dream, which he

was successful in achieving. My father was a very patriotic

man and he believed under the wise leadership of His

Majesty, the Sultan, Oman would leap forward in all fields.

The 1970s was a catalytic period that accelerated the growth

process. His Majesty provided the right environment and

initiated the growth process of the nation.

Majid Abdul Rahim Jaffer, son of Abdul Rahim

Jaffer Al Bahrani

58

59

Oman was his home and establishing business always remained his dream, which he was successful in achieving. My father was a very patriotic man and he believed under the wise leadership of His Majesty, the Sultan, Oman would leap forward in all fields. The 1970s was a catalytic period that accelerated the growth process. His Majesty provided the right environment and initiated the growth process of the nation

OhuaMn

60

Glimpses of the past Jaffer Abdul Rahim Al Bahrani, father of Abdul Rahim Al Bahrani

61

Life is the best university

“My father believed in hard work and commitment and

taught us all that life is the only and the best university that

can teach us all about the lessons of work and life.

This was the knowledge he acquired from his books, from

his travels, from people and his own unique experiences. He

imparted the same knowledge and values in us. I found my

father to be a university by himself!”

Way of life

Abdul Rahim Jaffer loved people and treated his team as

his own family; mingled with them and trained them too.

“Business was a way of life in our family and my father

believed that business entrepreneurship will take Oman to

new heights of progressive development.

When you attempt something new, it is always hard and

there are no standards to follow, only paths to leave behind

for others to follow...” Majid noted.

The collector

Abdul Rahim Jaffer was a collector at heart and he pursued

his interest passionately. Other than his love for books, he

was an antique collector, and had a fascination for watches

and clocks. “My father bought unique pieces of clocks and

he had a fascination for all aspects of time. ‘A work done on

time, a deal closed on time, an act performed at the right

time always brought in right results’, he would constantly

say. He collected murals and artefacts too. He had the best

collection of cars too. And, the beauty of it was that in

spite of his busy business life and time schedules, he was a

responsible family man too. He was a lover of nature – he

loved plants, trees and farmhouses and had one of earliest

farmhouses in Oman. He had a great love for animals too.”

Role model

In his successful business stride, Abdul Rahim Jaffer always

had one role model -- his father, Jaffer Abdul Rahim

Bahrani. “My grandfather was a role model for my father,

and for me, my father, who initiated me in the business

world. And I hope my son, Faisal, will take after me into

business, taking the long line of business legacy forward,”

Majid said.

“I learnt business from my father, joined his offices as a staff,

not in the management team, mind you.

He taught me that a thorough understanding and basic

knowledge of your business will make you a better

businessman. I joined as accounts assistant and then

my father send me to Manchester for further studies in

marketing and business administration. I grew from the staff

status to the vice chairman of the company in 2008 and since

then I have been in the forefront of the company business.”

Majid does not remember his father as his business guru

and mentor only, but also very simply like any son would

remember his father. “He was a treasure trove of information

and he had a heart of gold; he was a very tolerant and loving

man. I was always overawed by his ability to have a solution

for every challenging situation and I considered him an

encyclopaedia of information and more importantly, a great

father!”

62

My father, Khalifa Al Amri, taught us to be responsible in all aspects and by being a live example he made it easy for all of us to emulate. He was very passionate about Oman; he said that his nation was his identity. He felt very accountable and believed that by giving back to the country you live in is every individual’s personal responsibility

MAbalie

63

Khalifa bin Khalfan Al Amri

A responsible man

Khalifa bin Khalfan Al Amri was the epitome of

responsibility. A responsible man. That is how his daughter,

Khawla bint Khalifa Al Amri, who works as senior manager

(HR) of Oman Drydock Company SAOC, remembers him.

Khalifa Khalfan Amri ‘s responsibility stemmed probably

from his post as a (former) head of security and public

affairs at the ministry of defence (MoD), but his daughter

remembers him as a man of responsibility whether at work

or at home. Somehow this was not just a work ethic, but

something ingrained in him so deeply that it became his

byword.

Khawla Al Amri fondly recalls her father and his multifarious

activities, and most importantly his undying passion for the

country.

The 1970s

“My father was the eldest of his family and had to take that

responsibility at a very young age. To take care of the family,

he took up various professions including that of a mechanic,

a male nurse and also began a small time business of retail

items too. He was then just a teenager. Probably that sense

of responsibility was one the major traits of my father. He

was the epitome of responsibility; he took care of every one,

worked hard and established himself very early in life. He

started his career in Kuwait and Qatar and in the late 60s

he came back to Oman with his family. He took up a job as

customs clearance in charge at the port that time.

A turning point

“1970 was a phenomenal turning point in the history of

Oman when His Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said took

over; my father got in to a government job. Earlier he was

employed in the telegraph/telegram department at the MoD.

During that period His Highness Sayyid Fahr bin Taimur Al

Said was heading the MoD. I remember my father’s words...

His Majesty the Sultan is a visionary who saw the future of

Oman and had very distinct plans charted out. His Majesty

highlighted the importance of human resources and paved

the path to progress with education, training and developing

human skills. My father was sent to the UK to study and he

got trained there. The international exposure made him a

better equipped person and he came back fully trained to take

up the post in the security and public affairs at the MoD. He

grew slowly and steadily and over the years he rose to head

the department, directly reporting to Sayyid Fahr, who was

the then deputy prime minister. After 36 years of service in

the MoD, he retired in 1997. He was a good businessman

too, invested in stocks and shares, and established business

successfully.

Oman, his passion

“My father taught us to be responsible in all aspects and by

being a live example he made it easy for all of us in the family

to emulate. He was very passionate about Oman; he said

that his nation was his identity. He felt very accountable and

believed that by giving back to the country you live in is every

individual’s personal responsibility. Why wait for others,

when you can do it yourself, he would say. He embedded

in our thoughts that it is only right to satisfy the needs of

people around us first, before you go serving others. He

believed every single person should serve the society and the

nation...

Giving back to the society was very important to him and

was a live example for all of us. For him life was all about

balancing family responsibility with social responsibility.

Khawla bint Khalifa Al Amri, daughter of Khalifa bin

Khalfan Al Amri

64

The international exposure made Khalifa Al Amri a better equipped person and he came back fully trained to take up the post in the security and public affairs at the MoD

he international

65

He took up as his responsibility to give back to Suwaiq, his

home town and believed that problem solving becomes easy

when we start solving problems internally first. For him, it

is not just charity, even responsibility started at home. He

taught us the basic lesson that if you are responsible at home,

you can be responsible to the society.

Fair in all sense

“My father was a chivalrous and fair man, who believed in

equality of all sorts, be it at home or in business. Growing

up with him was a unique experience, as they say, they don’t

make his sort of men anymore... I can still hear his voice say,

open the door for mama...

Education maketh a man

Discipline was a way of life for him. He believed that only

disciplined and organised people can make a difference

to the society. He imbibed all the qualities in his children

and ensured that we gave equal importance if not more

for education. Education and training maketh a man, he

reiterated to us, pushing us to study and excel in our fields.

He treated his daughters and son equally, telling us girls

that education is the strongest weapon any woman can have.

It enlightens her, makes her a confident person, and helps

her create a better family and a better society. No matter

how settled and successful he was, he always felt there was

something to do, responsibilities to fulfil.

He loved to travel, was widely read, love photography and

even wrote poems. He played Oud and loved to sing too.

Basically a humble down to earth man, my father shied

away from the limelight. He still remains my role model,

from whom I got inspired to study, understood the value of

education and equality and my career today is a tribute to

his principles. When he passed away in 2000, I was in my

final year of graduation and it is his teaching that made me

complete my graduation and pursue my post graduation!”

66Charting his growth from his early swimming days to fishing, then sailing, pearl diving and the like. Somehow, everything he did was connected to the sea, and despite the challenges the seas posed and also the fact that the rewards were not always forthcoming, he did not abandon the only livelihood that came by. The sea always threw up adventures after the other

Cfsfpte

67

Mabrook Sangour bin Shaneen Al Busaidy

Lessons from the sea

The sea, like the desert, is a harsh teacher. But once taught

the lessons are ingrained for life. For Mabrook Sangour bin

Shaneen Al Busaidy, an 80-year old sailor, pearl diver and

fisherman, the sea was and is a tough teacher but the one and

only one. All of his life’s lessons were learnt from the sea.

Mabrook, unlike many of us, has literally gone into the eye of

the storm, and lived to tell the tale.

Today, when he relates the tales of his sea adventures, it

seems more surreal than real. Like the time when their small

Omani commercial vessel, Fattah Al Rahman, was literally

“all at sea”. Mabrook and some 20-odd sailors were on board

the Fattah Rahman sailing from Oman to India (Bombay)

when they were caught in a violent sea storm. This happened

some 55 years ago when Mabrook was around 25.

“Our frail vessel was hit by violent winds, heavy rains and

giant waves; we were tossed around like a small paper boat.

We could do nothing but tightly hold on to our vessel and

say our prayers,” Mabrook said, recounting their terrifying

near-death sea experience.

12 days – 12 months?

The storm continued unabated for some hours and finally

when they thought they were already dead, it suddenly

subsided as suddenly as it had come. At that time, those

on board did not know even whether to laugh or cry; they

pinched themselves to see if the suddenly changed scenario

was indeed true. In fact, despite being hit by such a violent

storm, the vessel managed to reach Mumbai (then Bombay)

in around 12 days. “Luckily, we reached the shores of

Bombay in one piece. Although we were stuck in the storm

for only a few hours, it felt like several months and the 12

days it took to reach Mumbai felt like 12 long months. But,

we realised that we were blessed beyond doubt – for who will

survive such a storm and live to tell the tale?” Mabrook asks.

A man of the sea

Mabrook lives in Mateirah in Muttrah, close to the

foothills of Fort Mirani, which fronted the Muscat bay in

the Corniche area. Unusually, none of his family members

were into sailing, fishing or anything remotely connected to

Mabrook’s lifelong profession. Even his brothers did not get

into sailing or fishing. “Somehow, right from a very young

age, I was drawn to the sea and I have never drifted away

from it,” Mabrook tells us, charting his growth from his early

swimming days to fishing, then sailing, pearl diving and the

like. Somehow, everything he did was connected to the sea,

and despite the challenges the seas posed and also the fact

that the rewards were not always forthcoming, he did not

abandon the only livelihood that came by. The sea always

threw up adventures after the other.

The long, long swim

On another occasion, in 1950, Mabrook was forced to make

the longest swim of his life. He was alone, fishing in the mid

sea when an unusually violent storm broke out and devour

his boat.

“In a short span of 30 minutes, the waves around me grew

in giant sizes and struck my tiny boat. Little did I expect the

boat to capsize and throw me out in to the rough seas! I tried

to hold on to my boat, but it sunk, leaving me with nothing

to hold on to… I swam for my life, back to the shore, a good

three to four hours of swimming... it was one of the longest

swim I ever had. By the time I reached the shore, I was half

dead and had to literally drag myself up the beach.” Although

he survived the ordeal, he unfortunately lost his boat and was

thus forced to earn a living doing other odd jobs.

“The sea was the only source of income for many of us

in those days. Education remained a dream and we were

focussed on earning a living at any cost. Growing up in the

coastal area made me a natural swimmer and the sea my

second home.”

Sea was part and parcel

As a child Mabrook grew up playing near the beaches,

and so the sea was naturally a part and parcel of his life.

“Probably that taught me swimming, my only life skill, and

soon I chose a sailing career. I knew nothing else. I began

my life as a fisherman, sailing, taking people around in a

small boat, then ran a ferry service, and finally got in to the

government sector as a sailor.” Mabrook started off with a

basic salary of Indian Rupees 30 (Oman had Indian currency

then). Sailing and fishing brought in the some money, but

it was not enough. Thus, he ventured in to oyster fishing,

diving for pearls. Oman was very famous for its pearls then.

“Sometimes, when we were lucky, we made triple the usual

money, if we found pearls,” Mubarak said, delving into

another exciting phase of his sea life. After his diving and

sailing days, he retired from his sailing job in 1986 and then

took up a civilian job in the military.

68

Pearl diving

Pearls were in good demand in those days and the money kept the divers

motivated. “Most of the times the pearls turned out to be rare and small, but

we always found buyers. Oman was famous for pearls and we had good Asian

and European visitors who bought them as well as some regular buyers. The

local market was not thriving and healthy, but we, the young fishermen,

made our extra money by selling pearls.

On one occasion, in the late 60’s, Mabrook had an exciting lucky experience:

“I dove as usual and found oysters, but this time one of them had a cluster

of small pearls – not one or two, but 30 -- embedded inside! It was an

unbelievable find for me!”

Many valuable lessons

If the pearl industry in Oman had thrived, all of those who were in that

profession would be in a better position today, he feels. But the sea taught

him not to have any regrets. “It taught me not just that – but everything! So

many valuable lessons!

“Simple tricks, employing the trial and error process etc., taught me how to

live. When I used to get queasy or sea sick on sea, I would drink a mouth

of sea water. It may taste bad, but, it made me alright! Just a mouth or two,

more will make you sicker! Everything should be taken in moderation!

“When you are alone and have to fend for yourself, what do you learn?

Courage! Yes, a life of sailing and fishing has taught me to be brave and

more importantly to have patience. It taught me to face life head on and

to swim out of darkness. I have had a happy life, though there are times

when I wish I could have done better, sailed to other countries too!” But,

he immediately noted how tough and challenging life was then. “I was the

sole bread earner for my family and I had to bring home the bacon! The sea

taught me great patience and it also taught me how to deal with life and even

sudden surprises – even nasty ones -- and rise up to any challenges.

“Today, thank God, I am still alive to tell you all these tales. I am the

sole surviving member of that fishing and pearl diving clan of that time in

Muttrah.

All of my friends have passed away … now whenever I get a chance, I

will pass on the seafaring and pearling tales of my time, detailing to the

youngsters of today the stories of fear as well as triumph, also teaching them

a few fishing tricks that I have learnt during my time. “I never had a camera

or nor even thought of recording any of the events of my humble past, but, I

have still managed to sketch some of the vessels that I had sailed on for my

children and my grandchildren to see!”

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70

The Razha did not have the same glory as before, but it was a trend that still existed, the duo noted. It is quite a sight to see the Razha dance: dancers making their elaborate moves, with their silver swords glittering as they fly in the sky; others dancing with small Tafaqs (rifles) and chanting rhythmic verses.

Tatmsr

71

Ahmed Suleiman Al Hassani and Salim Abdullah Al Mashari

When swords dance

Two middle aged Omanis were rocking themselves to and

fro, a sword (Sayf) in one hand and a shield (Tarrs) in the

other. Then both of them leapt into the air, hit the ground

and went back to their sword dance. Then at a particular

point of time, they swished their sayfs around and then flung

them high in the air catching them just as reached the same

height as their heads.

These two men were showing us their sword skills and most

importantly, displaying the Razha – a special Omani dance

performance, which is characterised by the sword and poetry

exchange. It is a dance form, which is performed in many

parts of the Sultanate.

Vibrant art form

It is a vibrant dance form, part o the rich Omani tradition.

Yet, these two enthusiastic Razha exponents – Ahmed

Suleiman Al Hassani and Salim Abdullah Al Mashari –

believe that future generations would still practice this dance

form. “It is not going to die that easily,” Ahmed Al Hassani

said, noting how Oman’s benevolent leader, His Majesty

Sultan Qaboos bin Said, fully supported and promoted the

traditional, cultural art and dance forms of the Sultanate. “It

is truly a blessing that we have such a great leader to lead us,”

they said, noting how His Majesty the Sultan extended his

royal attention to all areas of the country’s spheres, especially

such traditional art and dance forms.

“This royal attention has helped people like us still practice

this dance form,” Ahmed and Salim, both of them from

Qantab, said.

Rhythm and power

Ahmed used to work as a sailor in the royal yacht of Oman

until he retired in 1997. He fell for Razha at the first sight

itself. “I have been seeing Razha right from the time I was

born and when I was 20, I began to actually dance,” he said.

In the earlier days, palm tree strands used to be the right

substitute for swords and both Ahmed and Salim remember

having great fun with that. But soon, both of them began to

pursue it seriously and the fun was replaced with a certain

reverence. “We did not have anyone to actually teach us, but

the environment then was such that all whom we knew were

dancing this form. Soon, we realised that it had a certain

rhythm; a certain strength and dignified power!”

Swords glittering in the sky

The Razha did not have the same glory as before, but it was

a trend that still existed, the duo noted. It is quite a sight to

see the Razha dance: dancers making their elaborate moves,

with their silver swords glittering as they fly in the sky; others

dancing with small Tafaqs (rifles) and chanting rhythmic

verses.

The men would be wearing dishdashas with khanjars

strapped to their waists and indulge in sword play. The sword

has always played a major role in Omani life and Omanis

are famed throughout history for their love of the sword and

their skillful swordsmanship.

Dancing with swords used to be a form of warm up before a

fight and a kind of martial exercise.

Sound of the drums

The Razha starts with the sound of the drums, calling on the

men to gather, a poet from every tribe recites some verses or

Qasidas, explaining the event for which they have assembled.

The men of the Razha also come together for amusement

and to display their skill in swordsmanship and combat with

swords and shields. The poets of the tribes vie with one

another with their skill in love poetry, eulogies, satire, riddles

and conundrums.

72

Dance of swords

The name Razha indicates the dance of swords, with the

man collapsing beneath the weight of the sword; he has to

carry this weight during his high jumps in the air and land

firmly on his feet, without falling. The tradition still exists

of throwing the sword in the air and catching it again as it

comes down. This catching is a kind of boasting among the

men of the Razha. The weight of the sword or the sharpness

of the weapon is important.

Forms of Razha

The forms of the Razha differ in the movements of the

participants, the type and speed of the rhythm governing

these movements, the poetic meter which form the singing

of its verses, and the subject which the poet extemporises

on. When two tribes meet in the Razha, each of them is

accompanied by its special drums. These drums are often

passed down from generation to generation.

Kasir and Rahmani

The Razha has two drums -- the Kasir and the Rahmani.

Each of them is beaten with a raised stick from both sides.

When the row has recited a verse poetically and melodiously,

the drum of that row begins with its beat. The two drummers

move between the two close parallel rows until the song

ends. When the drums of this side fall silent, the drums of

the other side start with a new verse. Often this is a reply to

the first verse. Then there follow poetic verses and singing,

exchanging between the rows until the Razha achieves the

aims for which it was convened (source: www.omanet.om)

The greatest aspect of Razha is the part when the sword is

thrown into the air and then caught as it comes down, says

Ahmed Ali Al Riyami, an Omani writer and a lover and

promoter of Razha.

“Razha was used as a way to express the needs of the people

in the tribe and also to announce war, victory; to muster

troops and also to mediate between two warring factions – so

the dance embraces both virtues, peaceful as well as warring,”

Ahmed Riyami noted.

Omanis in East Africa, especially Zanzibar, used Razha

during celebrations and festivities like Eid Al Fitr, Eid Al

Adha and weddings.

73

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74

Sheikh Khamis was an instinctive businessman, he was also a man who believed in charity and also ready to work for the common good. In fact, he was infused with a clear sense of social responsibility

Swbairch

75

Sheikh Khamis Ali Al HasharStand on your own feet

There was a simple lesson that Sheikh Khamis Ali Al

Hashar, former Omani businessman and entrepreneur, learnt

from a very young age – to be always self reliant and to stand

on one’s own feet. It was a lesson that he further imparted to

others, especially his children.

Sheikh Khamis Hashar may have been a little over 10 when

he learnt this little lesson from a prominent resident of Sur,

who had then fallen on bad times and was residing in East

Africa.

Sheikh Khamis, who was sent to East Africa as a young boy,

happened to meet this Omani man of repute who hailed

from the same hometown as him -- Sur.

Many years back, Sheikh Khamis told this story to his son,

Faisal Al Hashar, chairman and managing partner, Oman

Enterprises Co. International LLC, and the latter was

relating the same to us.

“He was talking about his early days as a young boy in East

Africa and he spoke of how he bumped into a distinguished

man from Sur. The latter used to be quite well off and one of

Sur’s very distinguished figures. But, unfortunately, due to

some misfortune, he lost all his money in East Africa.

“It was a shock for him, but he was a strong man and he did

not yield to cruel fate that easily. Slowly, he began to rebuild

his life from scratch.

“But, you must understand that at that time, he was as old as

my grandfather – and had children of my dad’s age then.

“Despite all the odds, this man slowly worked his way up and

soon he was able to send his children to school and start off

in a field that was quite new to him – carpentry. He began to

make wooden boxes and sell them in the market. It was quite

hard work, which took more than 14 to 15 hours a day. But,

despite the hardships, he succeeded in supporting himself

and his family,” Faisal Al Hashar said, relating the story.

A valuable lesson

“But the real lesson my father had got after meeting this Sur-

based man was learn to be totally self dependent. As my dad

told me, the man from Sur could have requested help from

anyone from his hometown. Many would have been happy

to lend him money for he was quite a reputable and trusted

man. But, he did not take the easy path and instead started

from scratch. When my father understood this, he realised

what a great lesson that he had learnt, and one he adopted

for life.”

Faisal made this anecdote about his father to highlight

the real lessons that the latter had learnt. “The real and

valuable lesson that my father had learnt from this incident

that touched his heart was the importance of being self

dependent. That man from Sur could have easily obtained

help from someone, but no, he did not do that – he went and

started from scratch. That was the biggest lesson that an 11

year old (Sheikh Khamis) could learn!”

Shipping tradition of Sur

Faisal Al Hashar also spoke about Sur in the days of his

father. “At that time in Sur, the rule was that children (boys

especially) aged 8 or 10 went on board boats to learn. Real

education was imparted to children on board the ships.

“There they used to learn Arabic, mathematics, and also

aspects of marine science and the basics of trading.

“But, the rule got changed when one of Sur’s citizens,

Abdullah Al Ghazali, established the first ever school in

Sur. Thanks to this, my father had the chance to study in

Faisal Al Hashar, son of Sheikh Khamis Ali Al Hashar

76

Al Ghazali’s school for three years. Yes, it was a limited

amount of education, but, then my father, like all Sur’s

youngsters, began his adventure with ships. He went along

with his father to East Africa on a ship. He was only 11.

My grandfather had a relative who was a school principle in

Kenya. So, for the next nine years, he was educated there and

after that he obtained a Cambridge higher certificate.”

Trading secrets

Immediately after his education, Sheikh Khamis started

working. At the same time he made sure he learnt from every

opportunity he got to learn. In that sense, he was largely a

self taught man. He started working in Kuwait. “Later, after

working in Kuwait from 1960 to 1965, he left and began

trading, largely depending on himself. Then, he moved to the

United Arab Emirates and began real trading.

“During the initial stages, he followed the examples of other

merchants more experienced than him. Of course, he made

mistakes and the first one was to buy merchandise before

studying the market and learning of its needs and capacity.

At that early stage, he did not know successful merchants

studied the market first, understood its needs before

embarking on a purchase. Soon, he understood that trading

was selling and buying and not buying and then selling. The

clever businessman was the one who sold before he bought!”

First to market aluminum

But, such mistakes and initial setbacks did not deter the

determined Sheikh Khamis. “Immediately after that, my

father joined an aluminum company, which produced

aluminum doors, windows and household utensils. My

father became a representative of that company. And soon he

suggested to the company to appoint him as an agent without

salary and on a commission basis. They agreed to that and

offered him 25 percent commission, provided that he would

bear all the cost of transportation and other expenses from

the production site. Thus my father was the first who began

to market rollers and aluminum to replace iron doors.”

Business with aluminum

When the company management was convinced with his

ability to open new markets for its products, they appointed

him as manager of their Abu Dhabi branch. “At that time,

Abu Dhabi was at the beginning of its economic and

commercial boom. So, things went that way until the dawn

of the blessed Renaissance in 1970 and then it was time to

return to the Sultanate. In Oman, he also began his business

with aluminum,” Faisal Al Hashar said.

Sur’s traditions

In Sur, all people, without exceptions, and by instinct,

practice trading. Since Sur was a seaport and always linked to

other seaports in India and East Africa, all of the youngsters

had to opt for a career as a merchant or sailor.

“Those who were keen to learn trading began when they

were seven or eight years old. They had to leave the country

and begin their trading life on board a ship. At the start,

they would only be doing basic trading wherein they bought

goods from one place to sell them at another. Of course, the

volumes changed later, but they always stuck to the rules!”

Faisal Al Hashar said, relating to aspects of Sur.

Sense of social responsibility

While Sheikh Khamis was an instinctive businessman, he

was also a man who believed in charity and also ready to

work for the common good. In fact, he was infused with

a clear sense of social responsibility. “My father believed

that social work was not in any way lesser than engaging

in business for profit. Every citizen had a duty towards his

country as well as his fellow being. And he said that everyone

should give according to their ability. A person in position

should give according to his capacity.

“The country gives everything to its people and thus it is part

of their duty to give something back. The prosperity, progress

and development of a country depended on the endeavour of

its citizens, he used to say,” Faisal Al Hashar said.

Children are an everlasting fortune

Sheikh Khamis treasured his children. “He doted on us and

considered us as his real and everlasting fortune. He used

to say that raising children – be it rich or poor -- was the

biggest responsibility ever for the parents.

Noting that it was impossible to compare wealth with lives,

he stressed that money came and went and one could amass a

fortune and lose it in the next instant, but, when you nurture

a person and help him grow, it was like giving wings to him

– giving him the courage to fly!

“Although my father constantly gave us advice and told us

how to conduct our lives with dignity and propriety, he also

made sure that we did not become a copy of him!”

A stickler of discipline

Sheikh Khamis was a stickler for discipline. “He was a man

of principles who upheld human values and he had great

integrity. We learnt from him some of the most significant

lessons in life and all values. He was my hero and inspiration.

He was a man of discipline and made a great impact in

our lives. He was also a very tolerant man. He was strict,

as well as tolerant, a rare quality. He gave us the freedom

to choose and advised us to never follow anyone blindly or

live under anyone’s shadow. Be bold and make your own

choices; but, remember, with the freedom of choice comes

responsibility, he would say. After making your choice, learn

to be responsible!”

Love for literature

Sheikh Khamis was very interested in literature and the

arts, with a special interest for folklore. He played a very

prominent role in promoting folk art. “In fact, Sur used to be

known as the cradle of folk arts. As a seaport, Sur has always

been a melting pot for a variety of cultures from Africa and

India. The interaction between the folk art from Africa and

India on one hand and the Omani/Arabic folk art on the

other brought about the rich folk art of Sur.”

Sheikh Khamis was also greatly interested in history and

always kept himself abreast of the happenings around the

world, especially through newspapers. He used to read most

of the local publications (Oman, Al Watan, Observer, Times

of Oman…) and Gulf publications (Al Itihad, Al Khaleej, Al

Bayan etc…).

“He used to love reading and was devoted to old customs and

traditions. He believed in culture and tradition as the link to

humanity in general, no matter which part of the world you

came from – it brings the world closer, he would always tell

us,” Faisal Al Hashar said.

(Sheikh Khamis died on June 16, 2006.)

In Sur, all people, without exceptions, and by instinct, practice trading. Since Sur was a seaport and always linked to other seaports in India and East Africa, all of

the youngsters had to opt for a career as a merchant or sailor

77

78

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80

Oman in the 70s was going through progressive planning and changes and the Central Bank of Oman was being set up at that time. I had by then completed my graduation and returned to Oman with a view to getting some gainful employment. Though the days were challenging, the opportunities were abundant. Like any other youth, I walked in to the personnel department of the CBO and applied for a job in the research department. And, I got it

OwpcBsb

81

Fawziya bint Hamoud Al KindySteered by destiny

Destiny or fate sometimes has a way of leading you by the

hand and taking you to your destination even if you are

off the track. A ready example of this can be had from this

little anecdote by Fawziya bint Hamoud Al Kindy, a former

Omani lady banker and well known radio personality. Her

father, Hamoud Al Kindy, who had returned to Oman just

some years after His Majesty Sultan Qaboos bin Said took

over the reigns of Oman, was walking in the Nizwa souq

when he accidentally bumped into a Scottish man.

Both of them dislodged themselves and were politely passing

their mutual apologies when suddenly Hamoud Al Kindy

stopped in his tracks. He stared at the Scottish man who

was apologising to him. For a moment they both stared

and in the next instant recognition dawned on the face of

Hamoud Al Kindy. It was his old colleague from Cable &

Wireless Worldwide Company – a British multinational

telecommunications company office -- in East Africa where

they had worked together. In fact, Hamoud Al Kindy had

just returned to Oman in 1972 after resigning from Cable &

Wireless in East Africa and it was a shock for him to meet

his old colleague. “I remember my father saying he couldn’t

take his eyes off the Scottish man for sometime,” says

Fawziya Al Kindy.

Oman in 1972

“My family came to Oman in 1972 after His Majesty the

Sultan took over. My father had resigned from his 35 year

old job at Cable & Wireless in East Africa and brought us all

back to Oman. Our family basically hailed from the Nizwa

region. But, in those days, it was difficult in the interiors,

especially with respect to education. Therefore, my father

decided to settle down in Muscat, in an area known as

Miyabeen.”

The Scottish hand

Fawziya’s father would often tell the children about how

life and destiny were so entwined and how the latter had

the power to control our fate. Upon returning to Oman,

Hamoud Al Kindy was not sure of what job to take and that

is when he bumped into his fate, which came in the guise of

a Scottish man.

“When his old colleague recognised my father, he insisted

upon taking him to his office, which by sheer coincidence

happened to be the Oman office of Cable & Wireless. My

father joined the company the very next day and worked

with them for the next 15 years,” said Fawziya as she slowly

rewound her thoughts about her past.

Destiny’s garb

“I was doing my graduation in London in those days,” she

recalls. But, since her family was here, Fawziya came down

from London for her dissertation.

“This (dissertation) was supervised by John Townsend, who

was then the economic adviser to His Majesty the Sultan.

Townsend’s encouragement helped me in the direction of my

future. He said I was fit for a career in banking and thus, I

followed suit.” In Fawziya’s case, it was Townsend who wore

destiny’s garb.

Lady banker

There was no ministry of finance or economy in those days.

As Fawziya explains, there was a Currency Authority, which

later became the Currency Board and then the Directorate of

Finance.

“Oman in the 70s was going through progressive planning

and changes and the Central Bank of Oman was being set

82

Glimpses of Fawziya at the International arena

83

up at that time. I had by then completed my graduation

and returned to Oman with a view to getting some gainful

employment. Though the days were challenging, the

opportunities were abundant. Like any other youth, I walked

in to the personnel department of the CBO and applied for a

job in the research department. And, yes, I got it!”

Fawziya joined the CBO in 1976 as an assistant manager

in the research and statistics department and served the

institution for just over 19 years. However, she took

voluntary retirement based on personal and health reasons.

“By the time I left the CBO, I was already the director of the

department!”

Learning on the job

Jobs were not in plenty, but it was there. As the number

of people looking for a job was miniscule when compared

to today, the dynamics and the challenges posed were also

different. “But, getting a job and then holding it for life was

a great responsibility for us then. But we had no channels of

learning something new. So, it was a general process of self

learning. “When you are thrown into a swimming pool, you

have no option but to swim and we learn it fast! We did that.

Although we did not know the finer nuances of our jobs, we

were still very responsible and the people of that time were

tougher and stronger. Challenges were there, but we always

proved to be able to rise above them!”

Made to feel at home

Women were there in the field, but men dominated the

scene. Yet, there was acceptance and as Fawziya notes, she

was always made to feel like home and there wasn’t any

discrimination. “As a lady in the banking sector, I walked

the extra mile to prove myself and to establish successfully

in a male dominated industry. The initial travel and training

at various international banks made me realise that globally

banking is handled by experienced bankers and specialists,

while we, the youth, took the positions in Oman, making us

the people to set the path. It is similar to putting a train on

its tracks. The initial challenges in setting up are probably

similar in all fields.”

Young banker

Fawziya recalled how whenever she went abroad, especially

to top financial meetings or conferences etc., her youth

surprised the others. Normally, representatives of central

banks across the world were rather middle aged, or old and

with many years of experience.

Fawziya had none of these, but her confidence; her outgoing

personality and the faith the country placed in her helped her

through all those moments. In fact there was never a time

that she felt ill at ease or out of place in major international

financial meetings. On the contrary, wherever she went, the

usual Omani charm and easy simplicity bowled over even

tough financial personnel. All of these travels and meetings

were huge learning experiences and slowly she grew.

With International delegates

84

The initial travel and training at various international banks made Fawziya realise that globally banking is handled by experienced bankers and specialists, while the youth, took the positions in Oman

TvFisp

85

Rich with experiences

“The job portfolio kept me busy; gave me opportunities to

meet and learn from seniors at the global level; I attended

numerous meetings, seminars and workshops of the

International Monetary Fund, the Arab Monetary Fund and

other countries; I learnt a lot from each experience,” Fawziya

recalled.

Achieving in a man’s world

The first CBO office was in Muscat, which was later moved

to the Ruwi area. It used to be a lone building in Ruwi at

that time. Few banks had female staff behind the counter and

during those days or perhaps, even today, a banking career

was always considered a man’s forte!

“Being in Oman in the 70s and being part of the renaissance

gave me the opportunity to excel in a field other women did

not otherwise step in to at that time! But my experience was

quite a positive one. I vividly remember the good old days

where we all worked as a team facing the challenges posed

then and mounting the obstacles. It was quite enjoyable!

Working hard was an enjoyment!

Also, the banking policies of Oman were very practical and

sensible; rules were followed by the book, all of which made

Oman a stable country; the roots of this stability was sowed

then and that is why we have such a strong basic foundation

in the financial segment in Oman!”

1970s

“The year 1970 rewrote the destiny of Oman under the wise

leadership of our leader.

I have seen the 70s and when I compare to it today, I

must say that I have no words to define the progress and

development that is around. We had no means for education

before; I went to Egypt for my basic education. Today Oman

has thousands of schools, all over the country, allowing

children from remote villages even to study and progress.

It takes up a lifetime to build a nation, but in four decades

Oman saw it all. The basic facilities, the structures, policies,

processes all were laid with a vision that was fruitful enough

to give returns in just a short span of years,” Fawziya said.

Destiny’s child

Fate then played a game, which ultimately made her leave

her banking career. But like in her father’s case, destiny

hovered in the background and soon when the time was ripe,

played its cards again, gently prodding Fawziya into a new

direction – the world of airwaves! “I used to speak quite a

lot and perhaps this love for talking could have given me an

impetus to take up the radio challenge,” she says laughing.

Banking to the world of media

“Owing to health reasons, I took a break from my banking

career. But, once I recovered, I felt restless and soon destiny

took me to a brand new industry. From the world of finance

to the world of words, speech and talk!

“Destiny steered my course of life to the media industry.

Soon, in early 2000, I joined the ministry of information and

there I got into the Oman Radio as a newsreader. Public

speaking and addressing people and forums were part of my

banking career too and now I am behind the scene, reading

news, and doing programmes based on business, stocks and

other programmes during the Holy Month of Ramadan.

My banking background was quite a boon as I put the

experience of being in the financial world for two decades to

good use as I began to do reports on the stock market and

provide financial analysis!”

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88

When he came to Oman, he worked with the well known Dr Wells Thoms and when the latter retired in 1970, Dr Bosch became the chief medical officer of the mission hospital. After this he took charge as the medical officer of Khoula Hospital and upon retiring from here in 1983, he and his wife were granted the Omani nationality

WhwTlDc

89

Dr Donald Taeke BoschOman’s medicine man

Friend to all. A lifetime spent in service to others and

to Oman. The first American to be awarded the Order

of Oman. An author of books on Oman. A legend of a

doctor…

If you mention any of the above tag lines, these may

automatically lead to a singular name of an extraordinary

man: Dr Donald Taeke Bosch. A man whose life was a

celebration of the human spirit!

Dr Bosch, who died in February this year (2012), was

something of a legend in Oman. A specialist surgeon, he

worked in Oman for most of his medical career. He was a

pioneering figure in the healthcare scene in Oman. It is said

that in the early days of the Sultanate, Dr Bosch, who was

then the only surgeon in the entire country, used to see as

many as 200 patients a day!

Dr Bosch came to Oman, along with his wife Eloise and

children in 1955. He worked for many years as a surgeon in

the American Mission Hospital (later known as Al Rahma

Hospital) in Muttrah. Eloise worked as a teacher at the

American Mission School in Muscat.

Efficient Surgeon

As a surgeon, Dr Bosch was able to provide relief and ease

pain, especially during the time when there were little or no

medical services in Oman. He was awarded the Order of

Oman for his service to the country by His Majesty Sultan

Qaboos bin Said in 1972.

The ‘mansion’ in Haramel

When he came to Oman, he worked with the well known

Dr Wells Thoms and when the latter retired in 1970, Dr

Bosch became the chief medical officer of the mission

hospital. After this he took charge as the medical officer of

Khoula Hospital and upon retiring from here in 1983, he

and his wife were granted the Omani nationality. Also, in

recognition of the many years of service to the nation and its

people, the Bosches were given a lovely home in Haramel

(between Sidab and the British ambassador’s residence).

Dr Bosch also served as an advisor to the health minister of

Oman after his retirement.

Childhood passion

Dr Bosch (Donald) was born in Amoy, China on December

9, 1917. The second of five children, he lived there until

he was 12. His father (Dr Taeke Bosch) was a doctor,

while his mother (Margaret Brown Bosch) was a teacher.

As a small child itself, Donald wanted to become a doctor

like his father. At a very early age he and his siblings were

instilled with the ideal of spending their lives in service to

others. He relocated to the United States when he was 12;

moved quickly through secondary school and attended the

State University of Iowa, where he was awarded an MD

degree in 1941 at age 23.

Don (as he was fondly known) got married to Eloise

Boynton on April 11, 1942. His medical internship and

surgical specialisation was interrupted by the Second World

War. In 1942 Don joined the US army Medical Corps,

where he was assigned to the 78th Infantry Division. In 1946

he returned to the US and left the Army to continue his

specialisation in surgery.

In 1950 he was honoured by being named the “Outstanding

Young Man of the Year” by the Newark, N J Jaycees. On

completing his six years of medical specialisation in surgery,

Don accepted an assignment as a surgeon in the Arabian

Gulf under the World Missions programme of the Reformed

Church and arrived in Amarah, Iraq in September 1951

with Eloise and their three small children, David, Paul and

Bonnie. And from Iraq, he and his family moved to Oman

in 1955.

90

Seashells collector

Don became a collector of seashells as a result of the family’s weekend visits to

the local Omani beaches, where he found the seashells on the shore. He wrote

to the Museum of Natural History in New York City, asking them if they would

be interested in specimens collected from Oman. The museum responded with

enthusiasm, advising that they would be happy to identify any specimens that he

sent, as their scientists had very little knowledge of the seashells of Oman.

Exploring writing skills

Dr Bosch also explored his skills in the writing field and in 1982, he and his wife

co-authored their first book on Oman’s seashells, Seashells of Oman. Two other

books, Seashells of Southern Arabia (9189) and Seashells of Eastern Arabia (1995),

followed. The good doctor, his wife, children and grand children were involved

in discovering 20 species of seashells in Oman, which were new to science. Some

of them were named after the family members. In fact, one of the most beautiful

and well known species was named after Eloise (punctada

eloisae).

Barter for money

Dr Bosch and Eloise’s story in Oman and their contribution

to this country is best chronicled in their own published

account between 1955 and 1970 titled, ‘The Doctor and the

Teacher’. The book describes how the patients who came to

the mission hospital would pay the doctor with goats, eggs,

dates, chickens, gazelles. Thanks to Dr Bosch such quaint

aspects of a forgotten time in Oman has been recorded for

posterity.

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104

أجمل التهاني وأطيب األماني نرفعها إلى املقام السامي حلضرة صاحب اجلاللة

السلطان قابوس بن سعيد املعظمحفظه اهللا ورعاه وللشعب العماني األبي

مبناسبة العيد الوطني

الثاني واألربعني ايد

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115

Congratulations and best wishes to

His Majesty Sultan Qaboos Bin Said

and the people of Oman on the occasion of

the 42nd National Day

117øe äÉëªd1970s

117

Photos Courtesy: Taghlib Al Barwani

119

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