By: Mashaal and AlanaBladder CancerBladder CancerBladder CancerBladder Cancer

What is bladder What is bladder cancer?cancer?Bladder cancer occurs, of course, in the

bladder.It most often happens in the lining of the bladder, called superficial cancer, but if it spreads to the

muscular layer of the bladder it is called invasive cancer.

Fun facts!Fun facts!7 900 people in Canada are expected to be diagnosed with bladder cancer in 2013

2 100 Canadians are expected to die from this in 2013

5 900 men will get it, but only 2 000 women will get it.

It is the 5th most common cancer in Canada

It has a reoccurrence rate of almost 80%

StatisticsStatistics

Death rates are estimated to be highest in those aged 74 to 85.

Median age of death is estimated to be 79.

Survival rate is estimated to be 70.2%

Risk FactorsRisk FactorsSmoking

Occupational exposure to chemicals

Chemotherapy

Arsenic (poisonous chemical element)

Radiation therapy

Bladder birth defects

Personal history of cancer is urinary tract

TreatmentsTreatments

Surgery to remove cancerous part of bladder, or to remove cancer mass.

Biological therapy is where they use bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). It's a vaccine.

Chemotherapy.

Radiation therapy.

Treatments vary depending on mass, stage and complications of the cancer.

Surgery offers more!Surgery offers more!Surgery offers more options.

Transurethral resection (TUR) with fulguration is used for superficial tumours,the tumour bed is burned with high-energy electricity.

Segmental (partial) cystectomy, where part of the bladder is removed and radial cystectomy where the whole bladder is removed.

In women and men the reproductive parts are partially removed.

reconstructive surgery (urinary diversion) where a tube is attached to reroute the urine.

Indiana pouch, a replacement to use instead of the bladder.

orthotopic neobladder

Bladder removal of a dog.

Replacement bladders.

BibliographyBibliography

http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/bladder/overview/?region=on

http://bladdercancercanada.org/en/research/

www.mayoclinic.com/health/bladder-cancer/DS00177

http://www.webmd.com/cancer/bladder-cancer/bladder-cancer-what-happens

http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/PPI/TypesofCancer/Bladder/

Avoid BLADDER Avoid BLADDER CANCER! :)CANCER! :)