2ac ghill RR finals2AC CaseTheyve overdetermined the roles of epistemology and ontology this indict applies to all of their arguments because it proves that they are equally suspectLipshutz 2011 Prof of Politics at UC Santa Cruz, speaking after hearing a policy debate in which the affirmative read a straight up policy aff and the negative read a security criticism (Ronnie, Speaking about the final round at the California Round Robin, Feb 18, Accessed here: http://nfltv.org/2011/02/24/cal-round-robin-policy/)RONNIE LIPSCHUTZ: Well, many many years ago, one day when I was ANDdebate, you should probably take a look at Bourdieu. Im done. Reps of china good scs key4Kaplan 11 Senior fellow at the Center for a New American Security, 11 (Robert D., national correspondent for the Atlantic, and a member of the U.S. Defense Department's Defense Policy Board, Sept/Oct, Foreign Policy, The South China Sea Is the Future of Conflict, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/08/15/the_south_china_sea_is_the_future_of_conflict, accessed 9-5-11, CMM)JUST AS GERMAN SOIL constituted the military front line of the Cold War, the ANDnationalism, has a geographical home, it is the South China Sea. Securitized rhetoric is the only way to create an effective public response Selgelid and Enemark 08 [Michael J, Christian. (Senior Research Fellow for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics. Enemark is Lecturer in International Security, U of Sydney, and Visiting Fellow at John Curtin School of Medical Research ) Infectious Diseases, Security and Ethics: The Case of HIV/AIDS Bioethics Volume 22, Number 9 pp 457-465]The passage in 2000 of UN Security Council Resolu- tion 1308 was the first ANDbeing a disease that weakens the defences of countries severely affected.3

2AC AT: Wilderson KBlacks arent socially dead wildersons lack of an alternative explains the broad claimsSAER MATY BA, teaches film at Portsmouth University, September 2011 "The US Decentred: From Black Social Death to Cultural Transformation" book review of Red, Black & White: Cinema and the Structure of US Antagonisms and Mama Africa: Reinventing Blackness in Bahia, Cultural Studies Review volume 17 number 2 http://epress.lib.uts.edu.au/journals/index.php/csrj/index pp. 38191 Red, White and Black is particularly undermined by Wildersons propensity for exaggeration and blinkerednessAND? The coffle approaches with its answers in tow. (340)Cant pin us down to all state bad arguments the aff is a unique instance Curtler 97 PhD Philosophy(Hugh, rediscovering values: coming to terms with postnmodernism 44-7)The second and third concerns, though, are more serious and to a degree ANDinstincts to get us out of the hole we have dug for ourselves.Wildersons scholarship isnt intended to preclude goal-oriented political changeWilderson 10Frank b. Wilderson III, Prof at UC Irvine, speaking on a panel on literary activism at the National Black Writers Conference, March 26, 2010, "Panel on Literary Activism", transcribed from the video available at http://www.c-spanvideo.org/program/id/222448, begins at roughly 49:10

Typically what I mean when I ask myself whether or not people will like or ANDthe movement can't always accommodate, if its to maintain its organizational capacity. The invocation of social death as ontologically inevitable inscribes a pessimism towards politics which makes agency impossible and oversimplifies the history of resistanceVincent Brown, Prof. of History and African and African-American Studies @ Harvard Univ., December 2009, "Social Death and Political Life in the Study of Slavery," American Historical Review, p. 1231-1249Specters of the Atlantic is a compellingly sophisticated study of the relation be- tween ANDThat is precisely what the women on the Hudibras fought to accomplish.31Whiteness not the root cause of the aff its too sweeping.Shelby, Harvard University African and African American Studies professor, 2005[Tommie, also a philosophy professor at Harvard, We Who Are Dark: The Philosophical Foundations of Black Solidarity http://books.google.com/books?id=8W7W6F3fCPkC&q=others+might+challenge#v=snippet&q=others%20might%20challenge&f=false, p.147-8, accessed 10-23-13, TAP] Others might challenge the distinction between ideological and structural causes of black disadvantage, on ANDdevelopments (such as immigration policy or reduced federal funding for higher education). Consequentialism first moral absolutism reproduces evilIsaac 2 (Jeffrey, Professor of PoliSci @ Indiana-Bloomington, Director of the Center for the Study of Democracy and Public Life, PhD Yale, Ends, Means, and Politics, Dissent Magazine Vol 49 Issue 2)As a result, the most important political questions are simply not asked. It ANDnot true believers. It promotes arrogance. And it undermines political effectiveness.The alt fails too totalizing it makes resistance impossible and misreads history.Walker, Graduate of Psychosocial studies, 12(Tracey, Graduate of Psychosocial Studies at Birbeck University of London, Graduate Journal of Social Science July 2012, Vol. 9, Issue 2, " The Future of Slavery: From Cultural Trauma to Ethical Remembrance" pg. 165-167, http://gjss.org/images/stories/volumes/9/2/Walker%20Article.pdf, accessed 11-8-12 TAT)

To argue that there is more to the popular conception of slaves as victims who ANDrelation with our ancestors who lived and survived in the time of slavery.Anti-blackness isnt inherent or ontologicalits historically contingent and hence able to changedisproves the entire theoretical underpinning of their argument Hudson, professor of political studies University of the Witwatersrand, 13(Peter, The state and the colonial unconscious, Social Dynamics: A journal of African studiesVol. 39, Issue 2, p. 263-277)Thus the self-same/other distinction is necessary for the possibility of identity AND, as distinct from subject position based on a determinate identity.Their conception of violence is reductive and cant be solvedBoulding 77 (Kenneth E. Boulding Reviewed workJournal of Peace Research, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1977), pp. 75- Economist, educator, peace activist, He graduated from Oxford University, and was granted United States citizenship in 1948. During the years 1949 to 1967, he was a faculty member of the University of Michigan) Finally, we come to the great Galtung metaphors of 'structural violence' 'and 'positive peace'ANDit may have d'one a disservice in preventing us from finding the answer. Death outweighs ontologically destroys the subject and prevents any alternative way of knowing the world Paterson, 03 Department of Philosophy, Providence College, Rhode Island (Craig, A Life Not Worth Living?, Studies in Christian Ethics, http://sce.sagepub.com)Contrary to those accounts, I would argue that it is death per se that ANDthe person, the very source and condition of all human possibility.82 War causes structural violencenot the other way aroundBulloch 8 Millennium - Journal of International Studies May 2008 vol. 36 no. 3 575-595 Douglas Bulloch, IR Department, London School of Economics and Political Science. He is currently completing his PhD in International Relations at the London School of Economics, during which time he spent a year editing Millennium: Journal of International Studies

But the idea that poverty and peace are directly related presupposes that wealth inequalities ANDproblems as fundamentally economic rather than deeply and potentially radically political. Afro-pessimism is inaccurate and is used to justify white supremacismPatterson 98The Ordeal Of Integration:Progress And Resentment In America's "Racial" CrisisOrlando Patterson is a Jamaican-born American historical and cultural sociologist known for his work regarding issues of race in the United States, as well as the sociology of developmentIn the attempt to understand and come to terms with the problems of Afro-ANDwe still have some way to go before approaching anything like a resolution.