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Blind Areas Around Construction Blind Areas Around Construction EquipmentEquipmentEquipmentEquipment
Presented bPresented by David E. Fosbroke
NIOSH, Division of Safety Research
Traffic Management and Work Zone Safety C f
Orlando, FloridaConference
March 10, 2009
The findings and conclusions in this presentation have not been formally di i t d b th N ti l I tit t fdisseminated by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and should not be construed to represent any agency p y g ydetermination or policy.
The mention of any company name or product does not constitute endorsementproduct does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
The photographic display of any productThe photographic display of any product, label, or logo does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
Efficacy of Backup Alarms?Efficacy of Backup Alarms?
Evaluating Roadway Construction Work Zone InterventionsZone Interventions
A Research Project Conducted by the National Institute for
Occupational Safety and HealthOccupational Safety and Health
Project OrganizationRoadway Work Zone Intervention Evaluations
Morgantown, WV Pittsburgh, PA Spokane, WAWorker Exposure Measurement
Blind Area Determination
Internal Traffic Control Plans
HASARD
Work Zone Analysis System
Proximity Warning Devices
Detection Zones
S T i DSite Access / Partnering
Case Definition
HSRB/OMB/Photo Release
State Transportation Departments
Construction Companies
Engineering ConsultantsHSRB/OMB/Photo Release
Research Staff Safety
g g
Labor Unions
Construction Trade Associations
Equipment Manufacturers
FHWA, OSHA
Fatality Investigations
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/face/faceweb.html
Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation States Participating in the
ProgramProgram
Laborer Run Over by Dump Truck at Roadway Resurfacing Operation in
Vi i iy g p
Virginia
Two lane County Road Four lane State HighwayTwo-lane County Road -- Four-lane State Highway
Flagger
RollerTruck
Victim
Victim’s Work
Trees
Paving Machine
Area
Machine
View from the Street
View from Inside the Cab Stickers
Bug Shield
Fan Mirror
Air Cleaner and Door Post
Characterizing the HazardDefining equipment blind areas
Definition of Blind Area
A blind area is the area around a vehicle or piece of construction equipment that is not visible to the operators, either by direct line-of-sight or indirectly by use of internal and external mirrors.
Area of fullyyobstructed view
Blind Area Mapping Methods
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 5006Standardization (ISO) 5006 Manual methods
Light barLight barOperator
Computer methodsDesign drawingsg gLaser scansPhotographsPhotographs
Manual Light Bar Methodg
900mm
G d L lGround Level
1500mm
Manual Light Bar Example - Blind Area Diagrams - Ford 880ag a s o d 880
Ground level Construction barrel ~3 feet
Worker partially bent over ~5 feetbarrel ~3 feet bent over ~5 feet
Manual Light Bar Example – Euclid EH4500 Blind Area at Ground Level
Manual Light Bar Example – Hitachi EX5500 Blind Area 1500mm above
Ground LevelGround Level
Manual Operator MethodManual Operator Method
Manual Operator Method - Marking Blind p gAreas Within a Polar Grid
Manual Operator Example - Caterpillar 672CH Blind Area at 900mm above
Ground PlaneGround Plane
Comparison of Operator and Light Bar Methods for Blind Area Mappingpp g
Operator Method Light Bar Method
Computer Method – Design Drawings
Engineering CAD and 3D modeling g g gsoftwareLocate machine in modeling softwareGenerate eye-point light sourceSimulate light blockagesg gSimulate mirror image projections
Design Drawing Example – Caterpillar CB 534D Blind Area at Ground LevelCB 534D Blind Area at Ground Level
Virtual Reality Method - Machine Projected Around Subjectojected ou d Subject
Digital Photographic Modeling Method
Contract Deliverable
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Contract 200-2002-00563
“Construction Vehicle and Equipment Blind Area Diagrams”Blind Area Diagrams
2003 & 2004 Final Reports2003 & 2004 Final Reports
Sample Pages
WWW.CDC.GOV/WWW.CDC.GOV/NIOSH/TOPICS/NIOSH/TOPICS/
HIGHWAYWORKZHIGHWAYWORKZONESONESONESONES
Detection Zones
Generator
Blind Area Diagram Usage
David E FosbrokeDavid E FosbrokeDavid E. FosbrokeDavid E. Fosbroke
NIOSHNIOSH
Division of Safety Research Division of Safety Research Morgantown WVMorgantown WVMorgantown, WVMorgantown, WV
(304) 285(304) 285--60106010
[email protected]@cdc.gov