blockchains and new educational models v 2.0
TRANSCRIPT
Blockchains and New
Educational Models
Prof. John Domingue (@johndmk)
Director, Knowledge Media Institute &
Patrina Law, Head of Free Learning
The Open University, UKkmi.open.ac.ukblockchain.open.ac.uk
Open University
Context
The Open University
• Established in 1969
• The UK’s largest university
• No qualification barrier to entry
• Over 170,000 students registered last year– 22,000 have a disability
• More than 2 million students have studied its courses since its foundation.
• 117 postgraduate and 325 undergraduate courses
• Over 21,000 academic awards annually
• 5,000 associate lectures
• Role model for many other institutions worldwide
© Simon Buckingham Shum
3
1970s Home Experiment Kits
Home Chemistry Kit Home Geology Kit
Sa
mp
le
E117 Introduction to Sport and
Fitness
Major Blockchain
and Education
Initiatives
Characteristics of Blockchain
DApps• Shared database
• Multiple writers
• Absence of trust
• Disintermediation
• Transaction interaction
• Set rules
• Validators
• Asset backing
http://www.multichain.com/blog/2015/11/avoiding-pointless-blockchain-project/
MSc Certificates on
Blockchainhttp://digitalcurrency.unic.ac.cy/certificates
10
Learning Machine
For example, after taking an examination
to demonstrate his or her academic
proficiency level, an individual could direct
the testing organization to share the test
results with one or more third-party
evaluating organizations. With this diversification and the changes it
brings about, different evaluating
organizations may come to utilize
individuals' test results in different ways,
each in accordance with its own evaluation
methods.
http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/News/Press/201602/16-0222E/index.html
Blockchain and
Education at the
OU
Student Controlled
Education
openbadges.org
OpenLearn Badges on the
blockchain
Smart Contract Badge
Services• Job Hunting
• Promotion
• Mandatory CPD training
• Networking
• Reconfiguration
• Course recommendations
Demos of movies available at: http://blockchain.open.ac.uk/
Peer Reputation and Badging
Reputation Contract
Functions:
Storage:
sendReputation
getPersonBalance()
getReputationAttribute
attribs[address = > Attrib]Attrib { uint balanceOf;
mapping(string => uint);string[] attribStrings
}
Reputation Attribute
token Balances
Reputation Smart Contract
Tokens left to assign
My Reputation
Peer Reputation Page
Kevin’s Reputation View
Communication: 14
Collaboration: 06
Organisation: 12
Ethics: 05
Problem Solving: 10
Engagement: 04
your Ethereum address
password to private key
Signing this transaction will transfer stated Reputation Tokens + ETH gas payment from your account. Estimated gas cost is 0.02 ETH. Maximum gas cost is set to 0.05 ETH
Transfer
Reputation Tokens Left: 57
number of tokens to transfer
Assign Reputation
My Reputation
Peer Reputation Page
Michelle’s Reputation View
Communication: 06
Collaboration: 02
Organisation: 10
Ethics: 12
Problem Solving: 08
Engagement: 16
your Ethereum address
password to private key
Signing this transaction will transfer stated Reputation Tokens + ETH gas payment from your account. Estimated gas cost is 0.02 ETH. Maximum gas cost is set to 0.05 ETH
Transfer
Reputation Tokens Left: 68
number of tokens to transfer
Assign Reputation
Signed TX
Reputation Attribute
token Balances
Tokens left to assign
Michelle transfers 4 Reputation tokens for ‘Organisation’ to Kevin
Michelle transfers 4 Reputation tokens for ‘Organisation’ to Kevin
Michelle transfers 4 Reputation tokens for ‘Organisation’ to Kevin
Block no: 45566778
Michelle transfers 4 Reputation tokens for ‘Organisation’ to Kevin
Michelle transfers 4 Reputation tokens for ‘Organisation’ to Kevin
Michelle transfers 4 Reputation tokens for ‘Organisation’ to Kevin
Michelle transfers 4 Reputation tokens for ‘Organisation’ to Kevin
Michelle transfers 4 Reputation tokens for ‘Organisation’ to Kevin
Michelle transfers 4 Reputation tokens for ‘Organisation’ to Kevin
Michelle transfers 4 Reputation tokens for ‘Organisation’ to Kevin
Student ePortfolio Explorer
Student ePortfolio Explorer
Rise of the Uber University
Uber-style Education (1/2)
Uber-style Education (2/2)
Collaborations
Copyright http://dilbert.com/
Startups in the CV/Accreditation
Space
Global Higher and Further
Education Blockchain
Future/Other Work
and Summary
Copyright http://dilbert.com/
Linking to Linked Open Data
Semantic Indexing of
Blockchains• Related data spread across blocks
• No high-level semantics for contracts
• Need
– An index onto blockchain
– To connect blockchain data to Linked Data
– To allow richer contract semantics
• Linked Data index for blockchain
BLONDiE
ContractEthereum
Transaction
BitcoinTransaction
Output
BitcoinTransaction
Input
BitcoinTransaction
hasBitcoinTransaction
Output
hasBitcoinTransaction
Input
Message CallEthereum
Transaction
ContractCreation
EthereumTransaction
EthereumTransaction
hasEthereum
Transaction
hasEthereumPayload
hasOmmer EthereumOmmer
hasEthereum
Blockheader
hasPayload
EthereumBlockheader
NormalEthereum
Transaction
hasBitcoin
Blockheader
hasBitcoinPayload
hasTransactionhas
Blockheader
BitcoinBlockheader
https://github.com/hedugaro/Blondie
Learning Analytics: OU Analyse
(1/3)
Learning Analytics: OU Analyse
(2/3)
Learning Analytics: OU Analyse
(3/3)
Open Anonymised Learning
Analytics Dataset
Learning Analytics on the
Blockchain
• Learner-controlled learning analytics data
– Provenance assured by blockchain
– Access permitted/denied by
audience/purpose
• Zero-knowledge proofs over data
– Ask questions without accessing data
– Provably correct answers
Scientific Knowledge on DLsBlockchain April 2017
Figure 1: Research Publications in Blockchain
Evaluation
Evaluation of the system prototype would require a dataset of authors, their publications and their contribu-
tions according to the datamodel defined by system. Database would continue to get enriched with authors,
their individual contributions and keeping the history of evidences. It should not allow any plagiarized and
repeated publications to be part of the Blockchain. The proposed system can be evaluated by answering
these questions.
• Is system implemented and functional?
• Is system able to reject plagiarized contributions?
• Does system provide services for readers to learn verified knowledge concepts and their contributors?
• Does system provide a transparent & agreed process of publications verification?
& Academic Knowledge Page6
Summary: Blockchain Benefits
• Inbuilt identity management• Data controlled/owned by students rather than
any single institution• Increases transparency• Reduces risk of fraud• Enables collaboration/interoperability • Permits disintermediation
– Badge issuing based on badge collection• Lowering of process costs
– Lowers entry barriers to education market – ‘university of one’
Acknowledgements
• KMi@OU Implementation Team
– Michelle Bachler
– Kevin Quick
– Allan Third
– Chris Valentine
– Umar Mir
blockchain.open.ac.uk