blood & body fluids: how to prevent exposures
TRANSCRIPT
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Section 17
Blood & Body Fluids:How To Prevent
Exposures
“Your Exposure Control Plan”
June 2009
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“bloodborne pathogens”-- as well as other germs
Since you work in a healthcare facility, you may have potential exposure to blood or body fluids. Blood or body fluids may have microscopic organisms called...
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What three bloodborne pathogens pose the greatest threat to healthcare workers?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
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What are some of the symptoms of HBV & HCV?
• Flu-like symptoms• Fatigue• Stomach pain• Loss of appetite• Nausea• Jaundice (yellowing skin)• Sometimes no symptoms are
evident
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What are some of the symptoms of HIV?
• Weakness• Fever• Sore throat• Nausea• Headache• Flu-like symptoms
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Bloodborne pathogens and other germs can be present in:
• Blood• All body fluids,
EXCEPT sweat.
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How can these germs enter your body?
• Through an accidental stick by a sharp object contaminated with infectious material.
• Through open cuts, nicks, and abrasions.
• Through the mucous membranes of your mouth, eyes, and nose.
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Protecting Yourself from Exposure
• Use Standard Precautions at all times on all patients.• Standard Precautions means treating all blood and
body fluids as if it might be contaminated with pathogens and using Personal Protective Equipment.
• Any patient can have an undiagnosed infectious disease that can be transmitted to you or to other patients through direct contact with their blood or body fluids.
The following topics are covered in detail in the Exposure Control Plan
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Protecting Yourself from Exposure
Methodist Healthcare has developed an extensive Exposure Control Plan designed to:
• Protect you from the risk of exposure to blood and body fluids
• Provide appropriate treatment and counseling in the event of exposure
The following topics are covered in detail in the Exposure Control Plan
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Protecting Yourself from Exposure
Look for your Exposure Control Plan on MOLLI>Clinical Policies>Clinical Standardization>Clinical Policies & Practice Documents>Infection Control Exposure Control Plan
• It has information that you need to know!
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Standard Precautions
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)• Engineering Controls• Work Practice Controls• Housekeeping Controls• Hepatitis B Vaccine
Standard Precautions are safeguards designed to protect you. They include:
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Always wear PPE that is appropriate for the task you are performing.
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
As a Methodist Associate, your PPE will be provided at no cost to you.
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Use, remove, and dispose of PPE according to the specific instructions in the Exposure Control Plan.
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Engineering Controls
This is the equipment used to minimize bloodborne hazards. -- For example:
• Sharps-disposalcontainers
• Biomedical wastecontainers
• Hand washing facilities(including alcohol rubs)
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Work Practice Controls
Work Practice Controls refer to safe and consistent work habits:
• Wash your hands regularly.• Alter the way tasks are
performed in order to keep yourself from getting exposed to blood or body fluids.
• Wear special protective clothing or barriers to protect you from exposure.
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Work Practice Controls Disposal of Infectious Waste
• Never recap needles• Infectious sharps are to be placed
in rigid sharps containers.• Sharps containers should not be
filled past the fill line, or more that 2/3 full.
• Full sharps containers should be sealed and placed in red barrels.
• Full sharps containers should not be placed on the floor, on counters or on top of red barrels.
• If the barrels are full, call Environmental Services for pickup.
Over filled
Half full
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Work Practice Controls Disposal of Infectious Waste
• Safety devices must be used (IV catheters, needles etc.)
• The safety device should be activated before being placed in the sharps container.
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Work Practice ControlsTreat all patient linen as infectious.
• Place all soiled linen in laundry (chute) bags.
• Place wet linens in clear plastic bags and THEN in laundry (chute) bag.
• Wear appropriate personal protective equipment.
• NEVER RED BAG LINENS
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Work Practice Controls
Work Practice Controls refer to safe and consistent work habits:Never eat, drink, apply cosmetics, or handle contact lenses in areas where exposure may occur.
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Work Place Controls• Read isolation signs on patient doors
and follow instructions.• Wearing PPE, clean reusable
equipment before reuse.• Wearing PPE, clean up spills of blood
and body fluids.• Use safety devices at all times.• Report blood and body fluid exposure
or needle sticks immediately.• Carefully handle lab specimens.
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Disposal of Infectious Waste
• Infectious waste should be placed in a red biohazard bag.
• The bag should be placed in a Red Biohazard Barrel with a lid.
• Red barrels should be stored in a designated biohazard room in your area.
• (Never in a clean room)
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Hepatitis B Vaccination (HBV)
A free HBV vaccine is available to all Associates who work in areas where exposure to bloodborne pathogens is a risk.
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Immediately wash the exposed skin with soap and water or flush exposed mucous membranes with water.
11In the Event of Bloodborne Exposure
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Inform your supervisor, immediately seek medical evaluation from Associate Health or ED immediately, and complete an “Associate Injury Report.”
22In the Event of Bloodborne Exposure
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If necessary and upon your consent,Methodist will provide you with:
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• a medical evaluation• blood tests• post-exposure treatment, and
• follow-up counseling
In the Event of Bloodborne Exposure
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All Methodist Associates are required to read and follow their Exposure Control Plan (Located on MOLLI).
Very Important!
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Remember
The best way to minimize your risk of exposure is to:
Assume that all patients are infected with a bloodborne virus (or other germs) regardless of medical history, and always practice Standard Precautions.